JPS61105297A - steering gear - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a steering device that performs a steering operation using fluid pressure such as oil pressure.

BACKGROUND ART The JFSB diagram is a hydraulic circuit diagram of a steering device 1 of the prior art. This steering a r! t1 each has a plurality of pump units and hydraulic systems. #! X rudder irl! Pressure oil for driving i is stored in oil tanks 2, 2a, and is supplied from variable displacement i-type hydraulic pumps 3, 3a. Cylinder 4I4a; 5+5af for each hydraulic pump 3, 3a
It is connected. Here cylinders 4°5 and 4a, 5
a share 6.7 rams each. The rams 6.7 are provided with rotatable rollers 8, 9, respectively, and a chiller 10 is provided with guide grooves 10i, 10b that sandwich the rollers 8, 9. Insert this chiller 10 into the rudder shaft 11
is provided.

The pipeline from the hydraulic pump 3 is provided with a neutral block type four-boat three-position switching valve 12 and relief valves 13 and 14. In addition, in the pipeline from the hydraulic pump sIL, there is a neutral block type 4-boat 3-position switching valve 12a.
Valves 13&+14a are provided. The on-off valves 15, 15a provided in the pipes connecting the cylinders 4, 4a and the cylinder 5.51 are kept open during normal operation. Further, the on-off valve 16a, which connects the cylinders 4 and 4a, and the on-off valve 16, which connects the up cylinder 5.5a, are closed during normal operation.

The operation of the steering system 1 having the above-described configuration will be described below. The case where the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1 is taken as the bow direction and the traveling direction is changed to the port direction during normal operation will be explained.

The hydraulic pump 3 supplies pressure oil to a pipe line 20 connected to the switching valve 12. At this time, the switching valve 12 is brought to the position 21 by the pressure oil supplied from the pipe line 20 through the pilot passage 20a, and the pressure oil is supplied to the head side of the cylinder 4a via the pipe line 22. . Further, a branch pipe line 23 from the pipe line 22 is communicated with a pipe line 24 from the oil tank 3a. This pipe line 24 is in contact with the head side of the cylinder 5.
& will be done. Therefore, pressure oil from the pipe 20 is supplied to the head side of the cylinder 5, the ram 6 is displaced in the direction of the arrow B, and the ram 7 is displaced in the direction of the arrow C.

Further, the pressure oil on the head side of the cylinder 4 returns to the hydraulic pump 3 via the pipe line 25 and the switching valve 12.

The pressure oil on the head side of the cylinder 5a is connected to a pipe line 26 and a pipe line 27.
and returns to the hydraulic pump 3 via the switching valve 12. The ram 6 connected to the cylinder 4.5 is therefore displaced in the direction of the arrow B in FIG. 1, and the ram 7 connected to the cylinders 4a, 5a is displaced in the direction of the arrow C. As a result, the rudder shaft 16
can be angularly displaced in the arrow-hunting direction, and the traveling direction can be displaced to port.

Next, we will explain how to change the direction of travel to port in an emergency. At this time, the on-off valves 15y15m are in the closed state a, sa, 1JllIlji valve 16t 16m, respectively.
The damaged area is isolated by opening and closing. That is, cylinder 4.4 and cylinder 5.5a are separated and each is driven by a hydraulic pump 3.3a. Here, in order to simplify the explanation, the position
Assume that a damage accident has occurred. At this time, the on-off valve 16
is closed, Ij! ! The closed valve 16a is in an open state. Further, the operation of the hydraulic pump 3 is stopped, and the hydraulic pump 3a starts operating.

Hydraulic pump 3a supplies pressure oil via pipe line 28.

At this time, the switching valve 12 is brought to the position 21a by pressure oil supplied from the pipe line 28 through the pilot passage 28a, and the pressure oil is supplied to the head side of the cylinder 5 via the pipe line 24.

Therefore, ram 6 is displaced in the direction of arrow B, and ram 7 is displaced in the direction of arrow C.

At this time, the pressure oil on the head side of the cylinder 5a returns to the hydraulic pump 3a via the pipe line 26 and the switching valve 12a in the position 21a. Further, the pressure oil on the head side of the cylinder 4 moves to the head side of the cylinder 4a via the conduit 29 and the open/close valve 16a which is in an open state.

As described above, the steering device 1 is capable of steering even in an emergency, but as shown in FIG. There was a problem that it became a thing.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention It is an object of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a smaller and lighter steering device.

Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, a pair of double-acting cylinders are arranged at both ends of a piston rod, and the rudder is driven by displacement of the piston rod in the axial direction. This is a steering device characterized in that pressure oil is selectively supplied to the piston rod side of the double-acting cylinder in an emergency.

A pair of double-acting cylinders are arranged at both ends of the working piston rod to convert the axial displacement of the piston rod into angular displacement to drive the rudder. During normal operation, pressure oil is selectively supplied to the head side of the double-acting cylinder to displace the piston rod in its axial direction. In addition, in an emergency, pressure oil is selectively supplied to the piston rod side of the double-acting cylinder to displace the piston rod in its axial direction. Steering is performed by converting this axial displacement of the piston rod into angular displacement.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a steering device 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention. Pressure oil for driving the steering device 30 is stored in an oil tank 31 and is supplied by reversible variable displacement hydraulic pumps 32 and 33 driven by motors Ml and M2. The pressure oil supplied from the hydraulic pump 32 is passed through a pipe line 34,
A chamber 38 on the head side of the cylinder 37 is connected to the head side chamber 38 of the cylinder 37 via a neutral block type 4-boat 3-position switching valve 35 and a pipe 36.
supplied to The switching valve 35 is in an operating position 35a.

35b and 35c. A relief valve 39 and an on-off valve 4 are located between the switching valve 35 of the pipe line 36 and the cylinder 37.
0 are provided in this order.

The hydraulic pump 32 and the switching valve 35 are connected through another pipe line 41. The other pipe line 42 from the switching valve 35 is
It communicates with a chamber 44 on the head side of the cylinder 43. A relief valve 45 and an on-off valve 46 are provided in this order between the switching valve 35 of the conduit 42 and the cylinder 43.

A pipe line 49 is provided to communicate the head snow chamber 38 of the cylinder 37 and the head side chamber 44 of the cylinder 43, with Rm valves 47 and 48 interposed therebetween.

A check valve 50 is provided between the on-off valves 47 and 48 of this pipe line 49.
A pipe line 51 is provided which communicates the oil tank 31 and the pipe line 49 with the oil tank 31 interposed therebetween.

Commonly combined with the aforementioned cylinders 37 and 43,
A piston rod 52 is provided. Both ends of the piston rod 52 are pistons 53, 54, respectively. Moreover, between the cylinders 37 and 43 of the piston rod 52, the piston rod 52
A rotatable roller 55 having an axis perpendicular to the axial direction of
is provided.

In addition, this row 255 is fitted into the guide groove 5 to be guided.
A chiller 57 having 6 is provided. Chiller 57 has
A steering wheel 5 having an axis parallel to the axial direction of the row 255
8, and a rudder plate (not shown) is provided at the -i portion of the rudder wheel 58.

The hydraulic pump 33 is connected to a neutral block type four-boat three-position switching valve 59 through a conduit 120. The switching valve 59 is in operating positions 59a, 59b.

It has 59c. The five switching valves and the chamber 60 of the piston rod 52 of the cylinder 43 are described, and a conduit 62 is provided with an on-off valve 61 interposed therebetween.

Also, the hydraulic pump 33 and the piston rod 52 of the cylinder 37
A conduit 64 is provided to communicate with the side chamber 63. An on-off valve 65 is interposed in the pipe line 64 . cylinder 37+
A conduit 68 is provided to communicate the chambers 60, 63 of each of the 43 piston rods 52@ with on-off valves 66 and 67 interposed therebetween.

A relief valve 69 is provided between the switching valve 59 of the conduit 62 and the on-off valve 61, and a relief valve 70 is provided between the switching valve 59 and the on-off valve 65 of the conduit 64. Further, a pipe line 72 is provided between the on-off valves 66 and 67 of the pipe line 68, which communicates the pipe line 68 and the oil tank 31 with a check valve 71 interposed therebetween.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line ``---'' in FIG. An insertion hole 75a through which the piston rod 52 is inserted is formed in an end plate 75 that covers the end of the piston rod 52gA of the cylinder 43 (see FIG. 1). Also, the bolt 84 (
Insertion holes 76 for fixing the end plate 75 to the cylinder 43 with holes (not shown) are provided at, for example, six locations at intervals in the circumferential direction.

The end plate 75 has conduits 62, 68 (see figure m1) and a chamber 6.
As will be described later, a screw is carved in the end of the first circulation hole 77m on the outer peripheral surface side, in which the communication hole 77a + 77b is provided, and is connected to the conduit 62. I can do it. Communication hole? The outer peripheral surface of 7b is also threaded and connected to the conduit 68. cylinder 37
are similarly connected to the conduits 64 and 68. Also, at intervals in the circumferential direction of the insertion hole 79 of the packing retainer 78,
For example, six through holes 80 are provided for fixing the packing retainer 78 to the end plate 75 as will be described later.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the section line ■--■ in FIG. 2. At the radially inner end of the end of the piston rod 52gA of the cylinder 43, a recess 81 is formed over the entire circumference, and an O-ring 82 is provided. An insertion hole 75a through which the piston rod 52 is inserted is formed at this end, and an end plate 75 having a protrusion 83 protruding toward the cylinder head is provided.

The end plate 75 has an insertion hole 76 through which the bolt 84 is inserted,
The cylinder 43 is fixed to the cylinder 43 by screwing the bolt 84 into the screw hole 86 of the cylinder 43.

A stepped portion 88 is formed on the inner circumferential surface 87 of the insertion hole 75a. Therefore, the inner circumferential surface 87 consists of a small diameter section 89 and a large diameter section 90. This large diameter portion 90 has a small diameter portion 8.
A 0-shaped male swallowtail 91 along the inner circumferential surface of the large diameter portion 90 from the 9 side, and three ■Putskin 92m, 92b, 9.
2c (collectively referenced 92 and 4) and a female adapter 93 are provided in this order and supported by the support surface 88m.

In addition, a piston rod 52 is inserted into the insertion hole 75m from the outside side.
A gasket presser 78 having an insertion hole 94 through which the gasket is inserted is inserted.

A through hole 80 through which a bolt 97 is inserted is provided in the 72-inch portion 96 of the packing holder 78, and the bolt 97 is screwed into a screw hole 99 of the end plate 75 through the through hole 80. As a result, the gasket presser 78 strongly presses the female adapter 93 and the like from the outer side. As a result,■
The gasket 92 is tightly (pressed) onto the piston rod 52, and the chamber 60 of the piston rod 52@ of the cylinder 43 is kept airtight.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the sliding portion of the cylinder 43 of FIG. 1 with the piston 53. The piston 53 is an end of a piston rod 5211M, and includes a protrusion 100 that protrudes along the circumferential direction and a small diameter part 101 that is the remaining part. 7 male gupta 102, and 3 ■patsukins 103a 110
3b + 103C (collective reference number is 103)
), ■Packskin 105a of both male and female adapter 104.311
, 105b, 105c (collectively referred to as 105), and a male 7-gupter 106 are provided in this order, respectively, surrounding the small diameter portion 101 in the circumferential direction.

At this time, the packings 1031105 are provided so as to face each other, and the male 7 gougers 102 are supported by the support surface 100i.

Here, by pressing the male adapter 106 from the head direction, the packing retainer 107 is hinged to the end of the piston 53 on the head side with a bolt 108. Therefore V
The gaskets 103, 105, etc. are pressed against the inner wall surface 43a of the cylinder 43, and are connected to the chamber 44 and the piston rod 5211.
1 room 60 can be kept airtight.

FIG. 5 shows the cylinder head 10 of the cylinder 43 in FIG.
9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of FIG. The cylinder head 109 has an insertion hole 1 through which the right cylindrical portion 111 of the stop member 110 is inserted.
12 are provided. The stop member 110 is connected to the right cylindrical portion 11.
A stop part 11 that is coaxial with 1 and has a larger diameter disk shape.
Contains 3.

Stop member 11 on inner wall surface 109a of cylinder head 109
A recess 114 is formed in the portion facing 0 along the circumferential direction of the insertion hole 112. A seal 115 made of a material such as copper is provided between this recess 114 and the stop member 110. On the other hand, on the opposite side of the insertion hole 112 from the stop member 110, a mounting member 116 is provided to cover the insertion hole 12. For this installation, the member 116 has an insertion hole 116a through which a bolt 117 is inserted.
By screwing into the screw holes 111a of No. 11, the mounting member 116 and the stop member 110 are strongly pressed against the cylinder head 109.

Therefore, make room 44 airtight! can hold.

Communication holes 43a and 43b are formed near the end of the cylinder 43 on the cylinder head 109 side to communicate the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 43 and the chamber 44. The communication hole 43a is connected to the conduit 42 via an on-off valve 46. The communication hole 43b is
It is connected to a conduit 49 via an on-off valve 48. cylinder 3
7 is similarly connected to conduit 49.36. Furthermore, the configuration of the cylinder 37 and piston 54 in FIG.
The structure is similar to the structure regarding the cylinder 43 and piston 53 described in FIGS.

Referring to FIG. 1, the operating state of the steering system 30 having the above-mentioned configuration will be explained. Here, the arrow E indicates the bow direction. 0 During normal operation, the on-off valve is 40° 46.66.671
! I'l state and 3a, l$1 IrtI valve 47° 48.6
1.65 is considered to be in the closed state. The operation to change the direction of travel to port will be explained. At this time, the hydraulic pump 32 supplies pressure oil to the pipe line 34, so the pilot passage 118 is supplied with pressure oil.

The switching valve 35 is in the position 35c, and the hydraulic pump 3
The pressure oil from 2 is the switching valve 35, the pipe line 36, lj! It is supplied to the chamber 38 on the head side of the cylinder 37 via the I-closing valve 40. Therefore, the piston rod 52 is displaced in the direction of the arrow F1 in its axial direction.

At this time, the pressure oil in the 1ffi 44 of the cylinder 43 is transferred to the hydraulic pump 3 via the on-off valve 46, the pipe line 42, and the switching valve 35.
Returned to 2. Further, the pressure oil in the chamber 63 of the piston rod 52I of the cylinder 37 is transferred to the on-off valve 66, the pipe line 68, and the on-off valve 6.
7, the chamber 6 on the piston rod 52 side of the cylinder 43
Move to 0. Therefore, the chiller 57 and the rudder shaft 58 are angularly displaced in the direction of arrow G1. the result,
The direction of travel changes to port.

Next, an operation for changing the traveling direction to starboard during normal operation will be explained. The hydraulic pump 32 supplies pressure oil to the pipe line 41. Therefore, pressure oil is supplied to the pilot passage 119, and the switching valve 35 is in the position 35a. Pressure oil is supplied to a chamber 44 on the head side of the cylinder 43 via a pipe line 42 and an on-off valve 46 . Therefore, the piston rod 52 is displaced in the direction of arrow F2.

At this time, the chamber 60 of the piston rod of the cylinder 43 is 52gA.
The pressure oil inside moves to the chamber 63 on the piston rod 52 side of the cylinder 37 via the on-off valve 67, the pipe line 68, and the on-off valve 66. Also, the cylinder head side portion lA3 of the cylinder 37
Pressure oil in 8 is 11! ! It returns to the hydraulic pump 32 via the closing valve 40, the pipe line 36, and the switching valve 35. At this time, as the piston rod 52 is displaced in the direction of arrow F2, the chiller 57 and rudder shaft 58 are displaced in the direction of arrow G2. Therefore, the direction of travel can be changed to starboard.

Next, operations in case of emergency will be explained. An emergency situation is, for example, a case where the gasket 115 shown in FIG. 5 is damaged. The on-off valves 40, 46, 66.67 are in the open state,
The on-off valves 47.4B, 61°65 are in the open state. Here, when the hydraulic pump 33 is not driven, the switching valve 59 is in a neutral position 59b. Here, the operation for changing the traveling direction to the port side will be explained. The hydraulic pump 33 supplies pressure oil to the pipe line 120. Therefore, pressure oil is supplied to the pilot passage 121, and the switching valve 59 is set to the position 59c. Pressure oil is supplied to part I of the piston rod 5211 of the cylinder 43 via the pipe line 62 and the on-off valve 61.
! 60. Therefore, the piston is arrow 1iF
Displaced in one direction.

At this time, the pressure oil in the /NNrad chamber 44 of the cylinder 43 is tll [valve 48, pipe 49.1RIl! 5 valves 47
e to the head side portion 138 of the cylinder 37. Further, the pressure oil in the chamber 63 of the piston rod 52@ of the cylinder 37 returns to the hydraulic pump 33 via the on-off valve 65, the pipe line 64, and the switching valve 59.

Therefore, the chiller 57 and the rudder shaft 58 are
The direction of travel can be changed to port.

Next, we will explain how to change the direction of travel to starboard in case of an emergency. The hydraulic pump 33 supplies pressure oil to the pipe line 122. Pressure oil is supplied to the pilot passage 123, and the switching valve 59 is in the position 59a. Therefore, this pressure oil is supplied to the portion M63 of the piston rod 521 of the cylinder 37 via the pipe line 64 and the on-off valve 65, and the piston rod 52 is displaced in the direction of arrow F2. At this time, the pressure oil in the cylinder head side part M2R of the b cylinder 37 is transferred to the cylinder 43 through the on-off valve 47, the pipe line 49, and the on-off valve 48.
Move to the cylinder head side part [144]. The pressure oil in the portion J160 of the cylinder 43 on the piston rod 52 side returns to the hydraulic pump 33 via the m-closing valve 61, the pipe line 62, and the switching valve 59. Therefore, the chiller 57 and the rudder shaft 58 can be angularly displaced in the direction of arrow G2, and the traveling direction can be changed to the starboard direction.

With reference to FIG. 4, the driving torque that drives the rudder l11158 (see FIG. 1) during the normal operation and during the emergency operation will be explained. During the emergency operation, the torque that drives the rudder shaft 58 is much smaller and sufficient than during normal operation. Therefore, the area ratio between the normal pressure receiving surface S1 and the emergency pressure receiving surface S2 of the piston 53, which generates this driving torque, is set to about 4:1, for example.

Further, in an emergency, pressure oil is supplied to the portion 160 of the cylinder 43 on the piston rod 52 side. It is sufficient that the amount of pressure oil supplied at this time is significantly smaller than that of the chamber 44 on the cylinder head side of the cylinder 43. Therefore, the capacity of the hydraulic pump 33 (see FIG. 1) that supplies this pressure oil can also be small.

As described above, if the drive device 3o of this embodiment is used, the steering wheel 5 can be used both during normal operation and during emergency operation.
8 can be sufficiently driven.

Effects As described above, according to the present invention, during normal operation, pressure oil is selectively supplied to the cylinder head side of the cylinder, and during emergency operation, pressure oil is selectively supplied to the piston side of the cylinder. I'll do what I do.

Therefore, by using a pair of double-acting cylinders, it is possible to perform sufficient steering even during a passing operation or an emergency operation, and the steering device can be made lighter and smaller.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a steering device 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken from section line n-H in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the piston 53, and 15 is a sectional view of the cylinder 43.
The enlarged sectional view of the vicinity of the cylinder head 92 and the tAG diagram are circuit diagrams of the steering device 1 of the prior art. 30... Steering ii, 37.43... Cylinder, 3
8°44... Cylinder head side part of cylinder 37.43! , 63.60...Piston rod 52@ of cylinder 37.43 Room agent Patent attorney Number of strokes Keiichi Part 2 Figure 3' Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pair of double-acting cylinders are placed at both ends of the piston rod, and the rudder is driven by the displacement of the piston rod in the axial direction.In normal conditions, pressure oil is selectively supplied to the head side of the double-acting cylinders, and in an emergency A steering device characterized in that pressure oil is selectively supplied to the piston rod side of the double-acting cylinder.