JPS6082645A - Fiber reinforced composite metallic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To disperse uniformly particles of a solid lubricant in a matrix metal which is largely different from the lubricant in specific gravity by incorporating a specified fibrous material for reinforcement into a metallic material contg. said lubricant. CONSTITUTION:When a composite metallic material contg. a dispersed solid lubricant is manufactured, Al, Mg, Cu or an alloy thereof is used as the matrix metal, and 1-15vol% particles of graphite, MoS2, BN, Pb or the like having 1.0-200mum diameter are used as the solid lubricant. The solid lubricant is not uniformly dispersed in the matrix metal when they are largely different from each other in specific gravity, so 10-30vol% fibers of SiC, C, Al2O3 or the like or whiskers of SiC, Si3N4, Al2O3, K2TiO3 or the like are added. A fiber reinforced composite metallic material contg. a uniformly dispersed solid lubricant is obtd.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a fiber reinforced metal composite sheet in which a solid lubricant is dispersed.

(Prior Art) In recent years, there has been a desire for the emergence of composite materials in which solid lubricants such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide are dispersed in metals such as aluminum, magnesium, and copper. However, the specific gravities of metals such as aluminum and copper and solid lubricants such as graphite and molybdenum disulfide are very different, and their wettability with each other is also poor! Therefore, one of the solid lubricants tends to segregate, and it is important to avoid dispersing the solid lubricant uniformly in the metal. In particular, (1)
aluminum, magnesium metal and molybdenum disulfide,
j4) Kasa, (2> When copper metal is combined with graphite, boron nitride, etc., the difference in specific gravity between the two materials is extremely large. In other words, U) A high-quality product in which a solid lubricant such as lead is uniformly dispersed in the metal. However, the emergence of metal composite materials in which solid lubricants are dispersed was difficult.

[Purpose of the invention]

The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks, and provides a fiber-reinforced metal composite material with improved high strength, heat resistance, and wear resistance, in which a granular or powdered solid lubricant is dispersed in a matrix. Take aim.

C-invented I-M-form-f-EJ, Mizuki Akira's machine! ``The reinforced metal composite material consists of a base metal, a fiber aggregate embedded in the base metal, and a granular or powdery solid lubricant held in the fiber nail aggregate. It is characterized by being composed of +.

The base metal used in the composite material of the present invention can be one of metals such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, copper, and copper alloy. The aluminum alloys include aluminum-silicon, aluminum-silicon-magnesium, aluminum-silicon-copper, aluminum-copper-silicon-magnesium-nickel, and aluminum-copper-silicon.
An alloy such as a magnesium alloy or an aluminum-copper alloy is used. For the magnesium alloy, a magnesium-aluminum alloy, a magnesium-zinc alloy, or the like is used, and for the copper alloy, a copper-zinc-aluminum alloy, a copper-zinc-manganese alloy, or the like is used. In particular, the base metal is preferably aluminum or an aluminum alloy. The base metal used is preferably one that has a good weave such as whiskers and weave.

The fibers used in the fiber-reinforced metal composite IfA 1 of the present invention are composed of at least one of silicon carbide fibers, carbon fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide whiskers, silicon nitride whiskers, alumina whiskers, potassium titanate whiskers, etc. . That is, the fibers can be one or more of these fibers.

The fibers (, L) may be used as long as they have good wettability with the base metal and are stable when the base metal is melted.
Since silicon carbide has particularly good wettability with commonly used base metals such as aluminum alloys, it is preferable to use silicon carbide fibers or silicon carbide whiskers as the fibers. The fiber aggregate is made by accumulating the above-mentioned fibers in a predetermined shape, and various forms can be used.

Upper ii+,! The shape of the fibers is not particularly limited, and may be long fibers, thick fibers, or whiskers. The amount added is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 30% by volume, more preferably 10 to 20% by volume. The diameter and length of the wire are not particularly limited as long as they fall within the range of wire J. The sutra reading or length (although it varies depending on the type of whisker and its manufacturing method, etc., the reading sutra is approximately 0.1 to 160 μ01, and the length is 50 to 200 μm).
It is about μm.

Examples of the fixed lubricant used in the fiber-reinforced metal composite material of the present invention include graphite, molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride, and lead. As the solid lubricant, 1 of the above-mentioned
or a combination of them as long as they do not react with each other! - But it's okay. The content of the solid lubricant is preferably 1 to 15% by volume, more preferably 5 to 15% by volume. If it is less than 1%, the effect of its addition is too small;
% or more, it becomes difficult to form a composite due to insufficient wettability.

The solid lubricant may be any solid lubricant as long as it is held in the fiber N aggregate, and the shape, diameter, etc. of the solid lubricant are not particularly limited. Therefore, the shape may be fine powder or granule. Even when the molten base metal is brought into contact with and permeated into the fiber aggregate, the reading may have a diameter sufficient to retain the solid lubricant in the fiber aggregate. Therefore, the diameter of the solid lubricant needs to be larger than the spacing between the fibers of the fiber assembly. Therefore, the diameter of the solid lubricant is 1 μm or more, and QTJ, L < is 1°0 μm.
Ill~200 μm. Especially the content of whiskers,
In the case of the above-mentioned fiber bundle ih structure in which the fiber density is 10 to 30%, the spacing between the fiber bundles is usually 1 μm N'? It's a small thing called waves. Therefore, the solid lubricant having a diameter of 1 μm or more is sufficiently retained in the aggregate.

The manufacturing method of the fiber-reinforced metal composite side ηWl is as follows.

Silicon carbide whiskers, etc. and a predetermined amount of graphite, etc. are mixed uniformly in a liquid medium such as alcohol (water may also be used) to form a -C letter,
The slurry mixture is injected into a mold of a predetermined shape and compression molded. After drying the thus formed bundle 1 collection (if the liquid medium is in alcohol, the time required for drying can be shortened), it is poured into the cavity in the casting mold. put it on. Thereafter, the molten base metal is brought into contact with the fiber aggregate to avoid infiltration, and then cooled to solidify the base metal to form a fiber-reinforced metal composite material of a predetermined shape.

J, for example, silicon carbide whiskers (diameter 0.2 to 0.5 μm, length 50
~200 μm), the interval between the silicon carbide and ISNO J can be about 2 μm or less.

〔Effect of the invention〕

In the fiber-reinforced metal composite ion material of the present invention, even if the solid lubricant has a specific gravity significantly different from that of the base metal, the solid lubricant is dispersed extremely uniformly, so that the quality of the composite material can be improved. It becomes extremely stable.

Since the fiber-reinforced metal composite material of the present invention contains a solid lubricant such as graphite, it has improved sliding properties and extremely high resistance compared to the machine string-reinforced metal composite vJ1 which does not contain the solid lubricant. Excellent abrasion resistance. In particular, even when sliding conditions are severe, such as when lubricating oil is temporarily not supplied, the fiber-reinforced metal composite material of the present invention can sufficiently withstand its use.

In the fiber-reinforced metal composite material of the present invention, whiskers that do not dissolve or decompose at the molten metal temperature of the base metal (as high as several 100 to 1000 degrees Celsius) are used as reinforcing fibers, and the solid lubricant is also stable at the molten metal temperature. is used. Therefore, the tli fiber-reinforced metal composite material of the present invention can be said to be a highly wear-resistant material with excellent strength and heat resistance.

The fiber-reinforced metal composite material of the present invention can be used as a substitute for coating machine parts such as coaters and sliding parts such as pump vanes. It can be easily applied.

[Test example]

The present invention will be explained below using test examples.

Test example Quarium carbide whisker 13.5% and fine powder graphite 13
．． 5% by volume was almost uniformly dispersed in 2 to 3 times the volume of alcohol, and a cylindrical shape (diameter 5Qn1m, thickness 2
Q +11111
/cm2 pressure. After drying the rice h aggregate taken out from the mold, it is placed in the main bit of the casting mold. After that, the molten aluminum alloy (A-390>
is brought into contact with the above aggregate, infiltrated under pressure, and cooled to form a silicon carbide whisker-reinforced metal composite material in which graphite is dispersed.
A test piece (Δ〉) was fabricated. A micrograph (400x magnification) of the surface condition of the test piece (A〉) is shown in Figure 1. In terms of shape and quantity, the gray microstructure is silicon carbide whiskers, and the black The threads are graphite and the other is the matrix aluminum alloy.The shape shows that the silicon carbide whiskers and graphite are uniformly dispersed in the aluminum alloy, and the whiskers are randomly arranged. There is.

Another test piece (13>, (C) having the same shape as above was manufactured by the same method as above. One of the test pieces (B) was
It is composed of 20 volume percent silicon carbide whiskers, 8 volume percent granular graphite, and the remainder A-390 aluminum alloy. The other test piece (C) was composed of 10% by volume of silicon carbide whiskers, 10% by volume of finely powdered molybdenum disulfide, and the remainder was made of A-390 aluminum alloy. The photomicrograph (100(6)) of the surface of the former test piece (B) is shown in Figure 2, and the photomicrograph (400x) of the surface of the latter test piece (C) is shown in Figure 3.
Shown in the figure. In FIG. 2 or FIG. 33, the black particulates or threads are graphite or molybdenum disulfide, which is uniformly dispersed in the metal matrix.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a micrograph of the surface of a silicon carbide whisker-reinforced aluminum alloy composite material in which finely powdered graphite is dispersed (
4,00x), Figure 2 is a micrograph (100x) of the surface of a silicon carbide reinforced aluminum alloy composite with granular graphite dispersed in it (100x), and Figure 3 is a carbonized silicon carbide surface with dispersed molybdenum disulfide. FIG. 2 is a micrograph (400x magnification) of the surface of a silicon whisker-reinforced aluminum alloy composite material. Tokumu' (Applicant: Toyota Industries Corporation, Agent)
Patent attorney Hirodo Okawa Patent attorney Kodo Fujitani Patent attorney Akio Maruyama Figure 1 Figure 2 (xloo)

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Consisting of a material metal, a woven M aggregate embedded in the base metal, and a granular or powdery solid lubricant held in the fiber aggregate. A fiber-reinforced metal composite material with 11 characteristics. (2) Base metal is aluminum, aluminum alloy,
The fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1, comprising one of magnesium, magnesium alloy, copper, and copper alloy. 3) The fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1, wherein the fibers are composed of at least one of silicon carbide fibers, carbon fibers, alumina fibers, silicon carbide whiskers, silicon nitride whiskers, and the like. (4) The fiber reinforced metal composite material 10 according to claim 1, wherein the fiber content is 10 to 30% by volume. (5) The solid lubricant is graphite, molybdenum disulfide, boron nitride, lead. Claim 1 which is at least one of
Fiber-reinforced metal composite material iv4 according to claim 1, wherein the content of the solid lubricant in fiber-reinforced metal composite material (6) is 1 to 15% by volume. (7) The diameter of the solid lubricant is 1.0 um to 200 μm in the fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to claim 1.