JPS6059834B2 - pulse power supply - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a pulse power supply device that effectively utilizes power energy to save power.

Normally, when manufacturing magnetic materials such as permanent magnets, materials such as iron are heat treated and then magnetized. To perform this magnetization, the material is placed in a high magnetic field generated by supplying a large current to a coil for a certain period of time, and then magnetized. At this time, it is necessary to apply a magnetizing force to the material that is several times more than the holding force required of the magnet. A conventional power supply device that supplies a large current to a coil that generates a high magnetic field has a configuration as shown in FIG. 1 or 2. That is, in Figure 1, 20~
Load R with 60V DC power supply B. This is a continuous DC power supply system that continuously applies a large DC current of several thousand A to a coil coil for generating a high magnetic field. After charging the capacitor C, the charging switch S is turned off and the discharging switch S2 is turned on to discharge the charge in the capacitor C in pulses, and a large current pulse is applied several times. Note that R in FIGS. 1 and 2. is coil L. resistance and circuit resistance such as wiring resistance, and the second
D in the diagram is vibration prevention and load R. This is a diode for preventing reversal of the polarity of the current and for preventing reverse charging of the capacitor C.
By the way, the device shown in Fig. 1 continuously supplies a large current to the magnetic field generating coil L, so that the magnetization level required for the material shown by the broken line in Fig. 3 is constant as shown by the solid line. Although it has the advantage of supplying a current A of 100% and maintaining a constant magnetizing force, it has the disadvantage that it consumes a large amount of power and increases the size of the power supply device.

Furthermore, the device shown in FIG. 2 requires the application of a pulse current PA with a pulse width T2 that can maintain a current at a level higher than the magnetization level ML shown in FIG. 3 for a certain period of time T1.
As the capacitor C, a large capacity (electrostatic capacitance) electrolytic capacitor is used. However, the effective energy of magnetization is
This is only the energy for the time when the pulse current PA exceeds the magnetization level ML. That is, of the discharge energy of the capacitor C, the energy effective for magnetization is only the energy corresponding to the area indicated by diagonal lines in FIG. 3, and all other energy is ineffective, resulting in a large power loss. Furthermore, a coil L for generating a magnetic field. Because L/R is large, the discharge time T2 is extremely long, from several seconds to several tens of seconds, compared to the effective time T1 for magnetization, which lengthens the magnetization time and significantly limits the production capacity when manufacturing magnetic materials. be done. The present invention takes into account the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional technology, and has a configuration that allows effective use of electric energy, and outputs a pulsed current that can magnetize materials in a short time when manufacturing magnetic materials, etc. Next, this invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings from FIG. 4 onwards showing an embodiment thereof.

In FIG. 4 showing one embodiment, Bl and B are first and second DC power supplies such as storage batteries, and SWl and SW2 are first and second DC power supplies connected in series to the first and second DC power supplies Bl and B2, respectively. The second switch, CH, is connected to the first and second DC power supplies B. , B2 and the first and second switches SWl, SW2
This is a charger configured with both output terminals 01 and 02.
In between, both DC power supplies Bl and B2 are connected to both switches SW.
1, and are connected with opposite polarity via SW2.

Cl and C2 are first and second capacitors for energy storage such as electrolytic capacitors connected in series with opposite polarity between both output terminals 01 and 02 of the charger CH, and both capacitors Cl
, C2 are connected to both DC power sources Bl and B2 so that they can be charged alternately. Dl and D2 are first and second bypass diodes connected in parallel to the first and second capacitors Cl and C2, respectively, and SC is a switch circuit configured by bridge-connecting the first to fourth thyristors THl to TH4. Yes, both AC side terminals and power side terminals 11 and 12
is connected across the series circuit of the first and second capacitors Cl and C2. R1 is an inductive load whose both ends are connected to both output terminals 01'' and 02'' of the AC side terminal of the switch circuit SC, and is composed of the inductance of the coil L1, the resistance of the coil L1, and circuit resistance r1 such as wiring resistance. . Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG.

Now, the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first capacitor C1 by the first DC power source 8.
Assuming that the DC current is charged to the power supply voltage EB, if the first and second thyristors THl and TH2 are made conductive by a firing pulse as shown in FIG.
As shown in Figure e, the charge in the capacitor C1 is discharged through the first thyristor THl, the coil resistor, the resistor r1, the second thyristor TH2, and the second capacitor C2.

Therefore, as shown in Figure G, a power pulse with a pulse width of TW is supplied to the coil of load R1, and as shown in Figure F, the second capacitor C2 is connected to the first capacitor C1. It is charged by the discharge energy, and the voltage EC2 across it becomes lower than the power supply voltage EB by an amount Δe of the energy consumed by the resistor r1. When the charging of the second capacitor C2 is completed, the back electromotive force generated in the coil leads to the first and second thyristors TH.
l, TH2 is turned off. Next, at a later time, the same b.
As shown in the figure, when the second switch SW2 is turned on, the second capacitor C2 is additionally charged by the energy Δe by the second DC power supply B2, as shown in the figure f, and the voltage across the second capacitor C2 is EC2. becomes the power supply voltage EB.

Then, at time T2, the second switch SW2 is turned off as shown in FIG.
When a firing pulse is applied to the fourth thyristors TH3 and TH4 to make them conductive, the charge in the second capacitor C2 is transferred to the third thyristor TH3, as shown in the figure f.
, is discharged through the coil L1, the resistor r1, the fourth thyristor Tlil, and the first capacitor C1, and as shown in Fig. g, a current pulse is supplied to the coil L, and
As shown in Figure e, the first capacitor C1 is charged by the discharge energy of the second capacitor C2. Then, at T3, the first switch S
When Wl is turned on, the first capacitor C1
is additionally charged to B above the power supply voltage. Thereafter, similar operations are repeated, and current pulses are intermittently supplied to the load R1. Therefore, when used in a magnetizing device, the period of the pulse current is determined according to the ratings of both capacitors Cl and C2 and the state of the magnetizing operation.The power loss due to magnetization is equal to the resistance r1 in the circuit configuration. All other power is recovered to the undischarged capacitors Cl and C2, and the power energy is effectively used. By the way, in the above embodiment, if the first and second bypass diodes Dl and D2 are not provided, for example, when the power supply voltage of the first DC power supply 2 is applied to the first capacitor C1, the second A reverse voltage is applied to capacitor C2,
The second capacitor C2 will be destroyed.

Therefore, in order to prevent both capacitors Cl and C2 from being destroyed by reverse voltage, both bypass diodes Dl and D2 are connected, and the capacitors Cl and C2 to which the reverse voltage is applied are connected.
The voltage of C2 is suppressed to the forward voltage (approximately 1V) of bypass diodes Dl and D2. Further, in the above embodiment, the two capacitors Cl and C2 are connected in series with opposite polarities for the following reason.

That is, in the above embodiment, the coil L1 for generating the magnetic field of the magnetizing device is assumed as the load R1, and the coil L1 is L1.
Since /R is very large, the pulse width TW of the emitted current pulse is relatively large, from several tens of Ms to several hundred Ms, and the time interval between current pulses is also long, from 1 second to several seconds. For example, if the resistance r1 of the circuit is ignored because the inductance of the coil L1 is large, the pulse current W is expressed by the formula TW=πJL(17...(1)), and the maximum value of the pulse current 1p is Ip=EB×/l・
...It is shown by the formula (2). In addition, C″ is the capacitor C
l, the capacitance of C2, and L the inductance of the load R1. Now, what is the inductance L of load R1? Bo, if the maximum value 1p of the pulse current is 5000 A, and the pulse width of the 1 pulse current is 50 rns, then by transforming the above equation, -
．． ．． ---. becomes.

As the capacitors Cl and C2 that can be used under one condition, it is cheaper to use capacitors with large capacitance such as electrolytic capacitors. Therefore, since an electrolytic capacitor is used, it is necessary to connect the two capacitors Cl and C2 in series with opposite polarities. Next, referring to FIG. 6, this figure shows a magnetizing device in which a large current is supplied from a power supply device 2 to a cylindrical large current conductor 1 to generate a magnetic field without using the magnetic field generating coil array as described above. The structure is such that the material 3 to be magnetized is magnetized by causing the material 3 to be magnetized to pass through the large current conductor 1.

In the case of this magnetizing device, the absolute value of the inductance L of the large current conductor 1 serving as the load of the power supply device 2 is orders of magnitude smaller than that of the coil L1 of the above embodiment. In this way, when the inductance L of the load is small or the inductance L of the magnetic field generating coil is significantly reduced, the current pulse width TW supplied to the load should be set to several tens of μS to several hundred μS, and the number of current pulses should be set as in the case of the above embodiment. ×1σ for 1 second to several seconds compared to
With increasing degrees, the material can be magnetized. For example, the maximum value of the current pulse is 1p, the inductance L of the 5000A1 load is 10μH, the pulse width TW of the current pulse is 5
If it is 00 μS, then from equations 1 and 2 above, the capacitance of the capacitor is i.As the inductance L of the load becomes smaller, and furthermore, the pulse width TW of the current pulse becomes smaller and its frequency becomes higher, the electrolytic capacitor becomes It will cause damage. Therefore, the pulse power supply device may be configured as shown in FIG. That is, in the same figure, the fourth
The same symbols as in the figure indicate the same things, CH'' is a charger, and the first and second DC power supply circuits BCl and BC2, which are composed of thyristors, are connected between both output terminals COl and CO2 with opposite polarity. C3 is a small-capacity AC capacitor connected between both output terminals COl and CO2 of charger CH'', and R2 is both output terminal 01'' of switch circuit SC.
.

The basic operation is exactly the same as that shown in FIG. 4, and first, the thyristor of the first DC power supply circuit BCl is made conductive to charge the capacitor C3 to the charging polarity shown. After the charging of the capacitor C3 is completed, when the first and second thyristors THl and TH2 are made conductive, the charge in the capacitor C3 is discharged, the thyristor of the first DC power supply circuit BCl is turned off, and the load R2 is turned off. As the current pulse is supplied, the discharge energy charges the capacitor C3 to a charging polarity opposite to that shown in the drawing. When the charging of the capacitor C3 with the charging polarity opposite to that shown in the drawing is completed, the first and second thyristors THl and TH2 are turned off by the back electromotive voltage generated in the load R2. Next, the thyristor of the second DC power supply circuit BC2 is made conductive, and the capacitor C
3 is additionally charged to the power supply voltage of the second DC power supply circuit BC2, and then the third and fourth thyristors TH3 and TFI4 are
conducts to discharge the charge in the capacitor C3, supply a current pulse to the load R2, and repeat the same operation as described above. Therefore, the DC power supply circuits BCl and BC2 consisting of the AC capacitor C3 and the thyristor, each having a small capacity,
Therefore, even if the frequency of the current pulse is increased, there is no problem because the AC capacitor C3, which can be used even at high frequencies, is used. As described above, according to the pulse power supply device of the present invention, in the pulse power supply device that discharges the electric charge charged in the capacitor in pulses by utilizing the resonance phenomenon of an inductive load, the pulse power supply device is connected to both ends of the capacitor. A charger that charges by alternately reversing the charging polarity,
By providing a bridge-connected switch circuit consisting of a thyristor with AC side terminals connected to both ends of the capacitor and DC side terminals connected to both ends of the load, power energy can be used effectively and power loss can be reduced. The energy consumption can be reduced to only the energy consumed by the resistance of the circuit, resulting in a significant power saving effect.

Furthermore, by configuring the capacitor with two capacitors connected in series with opposite polarities, one capacitor can be charged while the other capacitor is discharging, so that the frequency of the current pulse can be increased. In addition, by connecting bypass diodes in parallel to both capacitors so that reverse voltage does not occur in the other capacitor when one capacitor is discharged, even if an electrolytic capacitor is used as the capacitor, the capacitor will be destroyed due to reverse voltage application. can be prevented.

When supplying current pulses to an inductive load with small inductance, connect a charger that alternately reverses the charging polarity of the capacitor to one small AC capacitor, and connect one of the capacitors to the Since the configuration is such that the discharge energy supplied from one pole to the load is recovered to the other pole of the capacitor, electric energy can be used effectively, and since an AC capacitor with small capacity and resistant to high frequencies can be used, current pulse frequency can be further increased.

In particular, if the pulse power supply device of the present invention is applied to a magnetizing device that applies magnetizing force to materials such as iron to create permanent magnets, etc., the frequency of current pulses can be increased. You can significantly improve your abilities.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are connection diagrams of a conventional power supply device, FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between current and time in FIGS. 1 and 2, and FIG. 4 is a connection diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 shows the operation and operating voltage of each part in Figure 4, Figures A and B show on/off of the first and second switches, and Figure C shows the points applied to the first and second thyristors. Figure d is a waveform diagram of the firing signal applied to the third and fourth thyristors, Figures e and f are waveform diagrams of the voltage across the first and second capacitors, and Figure g is a waveform diagram of the ignition signal applied to the third and fourth thyristors. A waveform diagram of a current pulse applied to a load, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a magnetizing device to which the pulse power supply device is applied, and FIG. 7 is a wiring diagram of another embodiment of the present invention applied to FIG. 6. It is a diagram. CH, CH''...Charger, Cl, C2, C3...Capacitor, SC...Switch circuit, Rl, R2...
load.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. In a pulse power supply device that pulse-discharges the electric charge charged in a capacitor to an inductive load by utilizing a resonance phenomenon, the pulse power supply device is connected to both ends of the capacitor and alternately reverses the charging polarity of the capacitor. A pulse power supply device comprising: a charger for charging the capacitor; and a bridge-connected switch circuit comprising a thyristor, the AC side terminals of which are connected to both ends of the capacitor, and the DC side terminals of which are connected to both ends of the load. 2. In a pulse power supply device that pulse-discharges the electric charge charged in a capacitor to an inductive load by utilizing a resonance phenomenon, the capacitor is configured by two capacitors connected in series with opposite polarities, and the capacitors are connected in series with each other, and A charger connected to both ends of the circuit and alternately charging both capacitors, and a bridge-connected switch circuit consisting of a thyristor with AC side terminals connected to both ends of the capacitor and DC side terminals connected to both ends of the load. A pulse power supply device characterized by: 3. In a pulse power supply device that pulse-discharges the electric charge charged in a capacitor to an inductive load by utilizing a resonance phenomenon, the capacitor is composed of two capacitors connected in series with opposite polarities, and a charger connected to both ends of the circuit and alternately charging both capacitors; a bridge-connected switch circuit consisting of a thyristor with AC side terminals connected to both ends of the capacitor and DC side terminals connected to both ends of the load; A pulse power supply device comprising: a bypass diode connected in parallel to each of the capacitors so as not to generate a reverse voltage in the other capacitor when the one capacitor is discharged.