JPS6051980B2 - Workpiece attachment/detachment device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a transfer-type machining device that processes a workpiece while transporting the workpiece attached to a pallet to a transport line. The present invention relates to a workpiece attachment/detachment device that is used to tighten a fastener provided to attach a workpiece, and at the end of a conveyance line, to loosen a fastener to remove a workpiece from a pallet.

Conventionally, this type of device has separately provided a transfer device for transferring workpieces between a first station for loading/unloading pallets and a second station for loading/unloading workpieces, and a tightening/loosening device for fasteners. When constructing and mounting a workpiece, use the transfer device from the second station to transfer the workpiece onto the pallet of the first station, and then move the tightening device from the standby position to the operating position facing above the first station. When tightening the fasteners and removing the workpiece, loosen the fasteners using the tightening device at the first station, and then transfer the workpieces on the pallet to the second station using the transfer device. Although this is generally the case, the following disadvantages are involved.

(1) To avoid operational interference between the transfer device and the tightening/loosening device, move the transfer device to the second station in advance when operating the tightening device as described above when mounting a workpiece. If necessary, time is required for the transfer device to move out, and when removing the workpiece, it is necessary to move the tightening device to the standby position before operating the transfer device. It takes time to remove the equipment, which causes a decrease in work efficiency.

(il) When attaching or detaching different types of workpieces with different tightening devices, a separately prepared tightening/loosening device must be transferred to the attachment/detachment device, which is cumbersome.

The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that eliminates such inconveniences, and is capable of attaching a workpiece onto a pallet by tightening a fastener provided thereon, or loosening the fastener and attaching a workpiece from the pallet. A workpiece attachment/detachment device for removing a workpiece, which includes an annular rail on the outer periphery attached to a support having a first station for loading and unloading the pallet on one side of the periphery and a second station for loading and unloading the workpiece on the other side; A plurality of heads mounted on an annular rail, and an arbitrary one of these heads is selected and placed between a first working position facing the first station and a second working position facing the second station. and an indexing device for moving the workpiece, and each head is provided with a gripping device for the workpiece and a device for tightening and loosening the fastener. Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a transfer type machine tool in which a plurality of gang head exchangeable machine tools 4 are arranged along a conveyance line 3 that conveys a workpiece 1 attached to a pallet 2.
Workpiece loading and unloading devices were provided at the starting end (left end in the drawing) and the terminal end (right end in the drawing) of the conveyance line 3, respectively. As clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the attachment/detachment device includes a support 7 having a first station 5 for loading and unloading pallets on one side of the periphery and a second station 6 for loading and unloading works on the other side, A pair of upper and lower annular rails 8, 8 is attached to the upper outer periphery of the support 7, and a plurality of heads 9, for example, four, depending on the type of workpiece 1, are mounted on the annular rails 8, 8 via mounts 10, respectively. , an arbitrary one of these heads 9 is selected by an indexing device 11 provided at the top of the support column 7, and placed at a first working position facing above the first station 5 and at a second station 6.
It was designed to be moved between the second working position and the second working position facing above.

To explain this in more detail, the index device 11 includes a Geneva pin 11b driven by a motor 11a, a Geneva gear type index table 11c engaged with the Geneva pin 11b, and a tip of an arm 11d protruding from the table 11c. The engaging pin 11e shall be configured with an engaging pin 11e.
1e can be freely inserted into and removed from the pin holes 10a on the upper surface of each mount 10 by a cylinder 11f, and the table 11c is rotated to insert the engaging pin into the pin hole 10a of the mount 10 provided with a predetermined head 9. 11e is engaged, and then rotation of the table 11c operates to move the head 9 from one working position to the other working position. Each head 9 includes a gripping device 12 for gripping the workpiece 1 and a fastener 13 provided for the pallet 2.
A tightening/loosening device 14 is also provided, and when each head 9 moves between the two working positions, the workpiece 1 is gripped by the gripping device 12 and the workpiece 1 is moved between the first and second stations 5 and 6.
and the first station 5 by the tightening/loosening device 14.
Tightening and loosening work of the fastener 13 is now performed.

The gripping device 12 is composed of a plurality of clamp pieces 12a for gripping the workpiece 1, and an air cylinder 12b for opening and closing these clamp pieces 12a. When the cylinder 12b is operated by air supplied from the first air supply port 15 at the top of the head 9, the clamp piece 12a is opened.

As clearly shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the fastener 13 is composed of a holding piece 13a that engages with the step-shaped fastening portion 1a of the workpiece 1 and its tightening bolt 13b. According to the tightening of the attached bolt 13b (7), as the bolt 13b rotates, the presser piece 13a is rotated from the non-engaging position to the engaging position where it engages with the tightening part 1a, and is placed on the tightening part 1a. A large number of fasteners 13 are arranged at appropriate locations on the pallet 2 so that they can be applied to different types of workpieces 1 with different positions of the fastening portion 1a, and the fasteners 13 are selected according to the type of workpiece 1. The workpiece 1 is attached onto the pallet 2 using a plurality of fasteners 13.

In the drawing, 13c indicates a stopper for the holding piece 13a.

The tightening/loosening device 14 is composed of a plurality of air-driven nut runners 14a that each engage the tightening bolts 13b of a plurality of fasteners 13 corresponding to the type of workpiece 1 that each head 9 is in charge of. Each nut runner 14a is rotated by the air supplied from the second air supply port 16 of the 9th part, so that each tightening bolt 13b is tightened or loosened.

In the drawing, 17 and 18 are the first station 5 and the second station described above.
Pallet 2 and work 1 connected to station 6
, in this case the second station 6
A lower position where the workpiece 1 is transferred to and from the conveyor 18 for the workpiece 1, and a raised position where the workpiece 1 is transferred between the head 9 located at the second working position above the lower position. The table 5a provided in the first station 5 is moved up and down by a cylinder 6b into two positions: an inverted position where the pallet 2 is taken in and out between the conveyor 17 for the pallet 2, and an inverted position at the end of the conveyance line 3. transfer par 3a
Above, the pallet 2 with the workpiece 1 attached thereto is transferred in an upright position so that it can be freely raised by the sill 5b, and furthermore, the head 9 located at the first working position above the first station 5 is freely raised and lowered. At the lowered position, the work 1 is transferred to and from the pallet 2 existing on the first stage door 5, and the fasteners 13 are tightened or loosened. To explain this in more detail, the first of the annular rails 8, 8
The portion corresponding to the working position is configured as lifting rails 8a, 8a attached to a lifting platform 20 which is raised and lowered by a cylinder 19, so that as the lifting rails 8a, 8a are raised and lowered, the head 9 mounted thereon is also raised and lowered. I made it.

In the drawings, reference numerals 21 and 22 indicate first and second air connectors connected to the first air supply port 15 and the second air supply port 16 on the upper part of the head 9, respectively. Second
A pair of air connectors 22 are provided on the lifting platform 20 and a portion corresponding to the working position so as to be connected to and detached from the first air supply port 15 by cylinders 23, respectively. It is provided so as to be attached to and detached from the air supply port 16.

In the drawings, reference numeral 25 indicates a guide bar of the lifting platform 20, and an air hose 26 connected to each air connector 21, 22.

Next, the operation of the above-described apparatus of the present invention will be explained in the case where it is used for attaching the workpiece 1 at the starting end of the conveyance line 3.

First, from each conveyor 17, 18 to the first station 5
The pallet 2 is placed on the placing table 5a of the second station 6, and the workpiece 1 is placed on the placing table 6a of the second station 6, and the head 9 corresponding to the workpiece 1 is moved to the second working position by the indexing device 11. The mounting table 6a of the second station 6 is raised, and at this time, the first air connector 21 is connected to the first air supply port 15, and the clamp piece 12 of the gripping device 12 is connected to the first air supply port 15.
a is opened and the table 6a is raised to a predetermined position, the first air connector 21 is pulled out from the first air supply port 15, and the clamp piece 12a closes to remove the workpiece 1 on the table 6a. , and it will be in the state shown in the second figure.

Then, the head 9 is indexed by the indexing device 11.
It is moved to the working position and is lowered together with the lifting rails 8a, 8a by lowering the lifting platform 20, and when it reaches a predetermined lowering position, the first and second air supply ports 15, 16 are opened as shown in FIG.
The first and second air connectors 21 and 22 are respectively connected to the clamp pieces 12a, and the workpiece 1 is placed on the pallet 2. At the same time, each nut runner 14a of the tightening/loosening device 14 is driven to rotate, and the workpiece 1 is placed on the pallet 2. Each predetermined fastener 13 corresponding to 1
are tightened as described above, and the workpiece 1 is fixed on the pallet 2.

Thereafter, the head 9 is raised by the lifting table 20, each air connector 21, 22 is pulled out from each air supply port 15, 16, the head 9 is rotated by the indexing device 11, and the next one to be put into the second station is The head 9 corresponding to the workpiece 1 is moved to the second working position, and in parallel, the head 9 corresponding to the workpiece 1 is moved to the first working position.
Raise the table 5a of the station 5 to the upright position and engage the pallet 2 with the workpiece 1 attached to the transfer par 3a, and return the table 5a to the inverted position and insert a new pallet 2 into it. After that, the work 1 is attached to the pallet 2 by repeating the above operation.

Note that the attachment/detachment device at the end of the conveyance line 3 is, contrary to the above,
The pallet 2 with the work 1 transported by the transfer par 3a is transferred to the placing table 5a by the raising of the placing table 5a, and the work 1 is transferred to the placing table 5a.
The head 9 corresponding to the above is moved to the first working position and lowered, the tightening/loosening device 14 loosens the fastener 13 and the gripping device 12 grips the workpiece 1, and then the head 9 is raised to the second working position. The workpiece 1 is moved to the working position and operated to place the workpiece 1 on the placing table 6a by raising and lowering the placing table 6a of the second station 6, and the workpiece 1 is delivered from the placing table 6a to the conveyor 18 connected thereto. Ru.

Further, the pallet 2 from which the workpiece 1 has been removed is delivered from the table 5a of the first station 5 to the conveyor 17 connected thereto, and then passes through the circulation path 27 to the conveyor 7a of the above-mentioned workpiece attachment/detachment device. I set it back to 17.

In the above embodiment, each head 9 corresponds to a different workpiece 1, but if the model of the workpiece 1 is not changed, each head 9 is the same and the first
It is also possible to transfer the workpiece 1 at the second working position while working at the working position, thereby further improving work efficiency.

As described above, according to the present invention, a plurality of heads mounted on an annular rail are each provided with a workpiece gripping device and a fastener tightening/loosening device, and any one of these heads can be selected and used. is movable between a first working position facing the first station for loading and unloading pallets and a second working position facing the second station for loading and unloading workpieces. Transferring from one station to another station and tightening or loosening a fastener using a tightening/loosening device can be performed continuously with the same head, and the workpiece transfer device and the fastener tightening/loosening device can be used in succession. Work efficiency is improved without requiring the time required for conventional devices installed separately, and each head can handle different workpieces.By selecting and operating the head corresponding to the workpiece, it is possible to adjust the workpiece type. Feel free to contribute to changes,
This has the effect of reliably eliminating the above-mentioned disadvantages of the conventional device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a transfer type machining device to which the device of the present invention is applied, Fig. 2 is a cutaway side view of an example of the device of the present invention, Fig. 3 is a plan view thereof, and Fig. 4 is a plan view of a pallet. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of the main parts for explaining the operation of the device of the present invention. 1...Work, 2...Pallet, 5.
...First station, 6...Second station, 7...Strut, 8...Annular rail, 9...Head, 11. ... Index device, 12... Gripping device, 13... Fastener, 14...
...Tightening/loosening device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A workpiece attaching/detaching device for attaching a workpiece onto a pallet by tightening a fastener provided thereon, or removing the workpiece from the pallet by loosening the fastener, and having a first part on one side of the periphery for loading and unloading the pallet. A support with a station and a second station for loading and unloading workpieces arranged on the other side, an annular rail on the outer periphery attached to the support, a plurality of heads mounted on the annular rail, and any one of these heads. and select the first working position facing the first station and the second working position facing the first station.
an indexing device that is moved between a second working position facing the station, and each head is provided with a gripping device for the workpiece and a device for tightening and loosening the fastener. Attachment and detachment device.