JPS60501933A - Polyphase motor with magnetized rotor having N/2 pairs of poles per side - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Polyphase motor with magnetized rotor with 4 pairs of poles on 7 sides The invention comprises a magnetized rotor having a pair of poles on each of its two faces. This relates to phase motors.

Many types of motors can be specified according to the way the rotor is magnetized. .

The first type is a motor whose rotor has N pairs of poles, these pairs being , e.g. defined by a magnetization axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor, the rotor having two Each of the N faces has N poles.

The first type is a motor with four pairs of poles on each of the two faces of the rotor. and these pairs are, for example, magnetization contained in a plane parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor. defined by a curve, the rotor also has N poles on each of its two faces. It is made to have.

The motor according to the invention essentially belongs to this first type.

The main objective of this invention is to create a polyphase motor of optimal efficiency using existing materials. This can be manufactured by industrial processes and can also be The number of phases and output level can be expanded without changing the concept of the data. Supplementary Fundamentally, the present invention allows the creation of polyphase motors that are easily adapted to the stepping mode. The purpose is also to

Therefore, the field of application of the motor according to the present invention is extremely wide. This invention , in particular transmission systems for document processing, robotics, the aerospace industry, photographic equipment, Can be used in nometers. Generally, the motor according to this invention Suitable for all systems using digital technology, especially space and efficiency , suitable for all applications where power and speed are specified.

The polyphase motor that is the object of this invention has the structure defined in claim 1. characterized by and defined by its fruits, and defined by claim 77. It consists of the specified matters.

The implementation/form and one variant of the motor according to the invention is schematically simplified by means of the drawing. Illustrated by simple example.

FIG. 1 is a view of the rotor in the direction of its rotational axis.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view illustrating the configuration.

be.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating the assembly of a rotor.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the rotor in the first modification.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of the member in the modification of U.

Figures 7 and 3 show a linear development of the motor to illustrate its operating mode. It is a diagram.

The motor shown here has N poles equal to g on each of its two faces. It has a rotor. The number of phases of this motor is ko. Also, these two positions π It is equal to the phase shift Lt-□.

The motor of the present invention is particularly shown in FIG. 1 in conjunction with FIG.

The rotor is made of a magnetic material such as samarium/cobalt, which has a high field coercive force and low density. It consists of fees.

Each of its two faces has four pairs of poles. In each plane, their poles are They are arranged regularly around the axis of rotation of the rotor and alternately have opposite names.

Also, the poles on one side are precisely positioned opposite the poles of the same name on the other side.

A stator is opposed to each of the rotor faces. And the first one is a, The one is b. These stators a, b form one phase r, s . Each phase r, s is connected to two polar bodies λ, 3 coplanar with each of the two stators a, b. Furthermore, the two polar bodies 3 of each phase r and s of the stator a are respectively , two phases r of stator b, one polarity body each of S, of the same type as 3. It is. In addition, in FIG. 1, the polar body 3 of stator b is the same as that of stator a. It is superimposed on a polar body of the same type.

The two polar bodies coplanar with each of the two phases r and s of each stator a and b are mutually They are arranged in a glue-like manner, with the members placed inside the member 3. TAX゛ However, these two members 2 and 3 are separated by a bent gap, respectively. There is. In this way, each phase has a λ pair of polar bodies of the same form with respect to that of the other. The polar bodies of this λ pair are coplanar with each other and arranged in a grid pattern. .

These polar bodies are made of magnetic materials with weak magnetic field coercivity and high saturation induction. It is. very! r (Fig. 1) is PI in Fig. 1 for ease of explanation. It is indicated by +"2+...r"Q.

What is shown in this figure is the pole P of the polar body 3 of phase r in stators a, b. 1. P3, the pole of the polar body of the same phase r in stators a and b, P2 r "4, stator a.

Pole P6 of polar body 3 of phase S at b. P8 and stators a and b The poles P7 of the polar body in phase S each have the same extension angle. It is.

These various poles are complete, whereas the phase 8 in stators a, b Poles P5 and P of the polar body.

is partial. The overall extension angle of these partial poles is at least 7 It approximates the extension angle of complete poles.

In the general case for an m-phase motor with a N-pole rotor, the m-/phase polarity is of the two polar bodies facing each other in the stators a, b between the body poles and the m phase N it is complete. They are m-m per polar body and at least the angular spacing between adjacent poles on each face of the rotor. They are separated by an angular interval that approximates twice that. Regarding the remaining pole of the polar body, /N 111 per polar body is complete, whereas the polar body m The remaining m poles per sex body are partial, and their overall extension angle is at least is also approximated by the extension angle t of one complete pole.

In the implementation shown here, the phases r, s are at an angle α of 230 to each other, so It's off. In the general case of an m-phase motor with N poles, αr =Nm. The extension angle of each partial pole is less than α, which is a positive difference. You can keep it. In this case, the overall extension angle of the partial poles is at least one This partial pole is no longer equivalent to the stretching angle of the complete pole. It is not something that has something.

For each phase, each polar body in stator a is connected to the opposite polarity in stator b. magnetically coupled to the polar body in the These magnetic relationships are The outer polar body 3 is connected to one end of the core B, and the other end is connected to the same end. It is configured to be coupled with one polar body inside one phase. like this ζ Then, for phase r, the outer one polar body 3 is the core A in this phase. It is connected to end A, and the other end B is connected to one polar body inside this same phase. has been done. Similarly, for phase S, the outer one polar body 3 is in this phase. The other end C is connected to the two inner polar bodies. ing.

The core 6 in each phase is made of a magnetic material with weak magnetic field coercivity and high saturation induction. It is. A coil is surrounded around the core in each phase. This assembly is This is done as illustrated in FIG.

The stator a lies against a member g made of non-magnetic material. For each phase and each stator a.

The polar body 3 of b is positioned by nine vistas. These screws Two of them have shoulders, which support the polar bodies in stator b. Soft magnetism One cannula made of magnetic material is placed at each end of the core and at each pole in stator b. There are people who are in the space between the sexual body.

With the above arrangement, on the one hand, the precise positioning in the plane of the polar body for hiss; However, on the other hand, the height of these polar bodies for shoulder io and cannula // Accurate positioning at all angles is ensured.

The rotor is as illustrated in FIG. This is weak within bearing/2 Rotates due to strong frictional contact.

These bearings are made of ruby. The pinion 13 is the rotation axis of the rotor/ a and connects the rotation of this rotor to the first movable gear train (not shown). It is being moved to the department.

In the variant of FIG. It is designed to be separated into individual parts. Each part of this rotor has an alternating direction. It has N magnetization axes that are symmetrically opposed. These magnetization axes are the rotational axis of the rotor and are arranged regularly around this axis of rotation. Mouth The poles on the outer surface of one part of the rotor are perpendicular to the poles of the same name on the other part of the rotor. is facing.

In the variant of Figure 6, the motor includes a fixed soft magnetic disk, which It is used in place of the rotor. This disc has openings /S, these are It is arranged so as to realize positional torque.

7 and 3 illustrate how the motor operates. they are motors This is a linear development diagram.

In particular, it is a schematic cross-sectional view of a motor pre-deployed in a linear manner. phase r, s The deviation is 22. ! ;0.

In Fig. 3, the rotor is deviated by 22J0 from the state shown in Fig. 7 at ℃. state, i.e., in the general case, there is a deviation of angle α, - or 1. There is.

To make it easier to understand the operation of the motor shown here, In this paper, the manner in which a “characteristic” called mutual torque is generated is explained. The flux results from the interaction between the magnetic flux of the magnetized rotor and the magnetic flux of the coil. .

In the state shown in FIG. 7, the pole pair of the rotor / is Extreme P1. P2. It is placed exactly relative to P3 and P4. This diagram shows The magnetic flux emitted from the poles of the rotor surface directed toward stator a is is converged by the poles P1 and P3 of the polar body 3, which causes the core of phase r to become A. It is shown that it is directed from B to B. Next, the poles of stator a It is closed again through poles P2 and P4 in the body λ. towards stator b For the magnetic fluxes emanating from the face of the rotor that is Closed again by poles P1 and P3 of body 3, then core A in phase r , and also communicated by poles P2 and P4 of the polar body in stator b. and then from A to B before closing again. Thinking about the rotor The magnetic flux of the rotor through core B at phase r is maximum .

If the rotor is shifted from this position by an angle α2 equal to /N, the core 6 of phase r will be The transverse magnetic flux is also maximum, but its direction is opposite, i.e. moving the core away from B. It is easily recognized that this leads to A. Therefore, the rotor is now For each rotation by an equal angle, i.e. 1I-50 in the example marked with and \ Every time the rotor rotates by 1, a change occurs in the magnetic flux of the rotor in the core 6 of phase r.

When a coil with phase r is energized, according to the laws of electrical engineering, the coil and magnetization The interaction torque between the rotor and the rotor, the mutual torque having a period equal to 74 A curve is generated and a plane corresponding to the position of the rotor at the position of the rotor pole pair is also generated. The balance position is such that it is exactly opposite the pole of the polar body of this phase r in the stake. It will be done.

P5 r P6 + of the phase S between which the pair of rotor poles in FIG. For P7 + P8 and P9, this phase 8 is also a mutual phase of the period △. However, the angle α, - 7 is offset with respect to the mutual torque of the phase r. That is, in the example shown here, rj and so are shifted. easily recognized.

The position of the rotor when the magnetic flux across the core 6 in phase S is maximum is shown in Fig. 3. That's it. The two partial poles P5 and P, respectively, are for each side of the rotor. , ′/ of the magnetic flux reclosed by seven complete poles. Close the magnetic flux equal to twice i.e., with seven complete poles in the example shown in Figure 5. This will close the magnetic flux four times as much again.

What was pointed out earlier also applies to this N.

The operation of a motor in which a mutual torque is induced when the coils are energized is known , no explanation is given.

The motor shown here consists of a λ-phase rotor with 3 poles per 7 sides. Of course, this is not the only implementation type of the motor according to the invention.

The number N of poles per seven surfaces of the rotor and the phase m satisfy the relationship m-blue. That's enough. Fifth, n is an integer. The following table shows the motors according to this invention. shows possible configurations.

The rotor /1 in the variant shown in Figure S contains - magnetized parts. There is. Unlike the rotor in the implementation described above, the magnetization of these two parts is placed in the axial direction to be most practical, and the soft magnetic disk /b is placed between them. It is. Since the poles of these two parts facing each other have the same name, The method of V operation of the motor by this modification is similar to that of the implementation type described above.

Another modification of the motor according to the invention (not shown) is that one side of the rotor These with respect to the poles and the other side of the rotor and the stator opposite this other side. The poles of the stator opposite the poles are simultaneously shifted in a similar manner. This similar case In this case, the manner of operation of the motor is similar to that of the implementation described above.

Similarly, in a different variant (not shown), instead of seven It is possible to have a number of cores per rank, and one of them is Coupled with two polar bodies coplanar with one stator, the other is connected to the other stator. is combined with that of

Thus, for example, the poles of one side of the rotor with respect to those of the other side, or Double the number of motor phases by offsetting one side of the stator relative to the other can be done. In one and the other case, there is a polar croup in it. Instead of the rotor position, one phase of the stakes are in it opposite each other. The poles are arranged on one side of the rotor, and the poles are arranged on one side of the rotor. A first position of the rotor with a group of poles is relative to said phase of one stator. and there is a croup of poles placed on the other side of the rotor. The λth position of the rotor is arranged to be opposite to the phase of the other stator. child This allows you to double the motor phase without having to change the type of components. That is allowed. The two deviations shown for the rotor poles and stator are similarly and then combined. Naturally, these - individual deviations are replaced by the phase distribution Unlike the latter case, which has 3 cores, in one variant mentioned above, will be instructed in the same way. Therefore, each of these cores is single-phase, and therefore, The motor is only m-phase. Trying to move in a specified manner for a certain phase , ultimately one phase of the stator is different from the other, and On the other hand, there is the advantage of producing a different displacement with respect to that of the other stator.

The motor according to the invention operates as if one of the stakes had been removed. Ru. In this case, the rotor has two pairs of poles on its face opposite the remaining stator. It only has . The magnetic flux through the core is halved and the efficiency of the motor is reduced accordingly. It naturally decreases.

It is also possible to replace one side of the stake with a soft magnetic disk, which can be used with the rotor. It is made to balance the attraction forces with the remaining stakes. Figure 6 shows this A similar disc is shown with an opening/S to generate positional torque. It is like that. The number of these openings is equal to the number of poles on one side of the rotor. They are arranged along a circular crown converging towards the rotor, in which they are arranged regularly. In this case, the period of the position torque is equal to Mo4.

By removing one opening/S in all, the position torque with a period of “-” is created. It is also possible to generate a block. The phase difference between the phase torque and the mutual torque is By shifting the opening/S with respect to the radiation section of the curved gap of the data. generated. Such a phase difference is due to the opening/left side of the stator's curved gap. When arranged symmetrically with respect to the radiating section, the poles on one side of the rotor are connected to the other side. It can also be generated by shifting the surface of

In all implementations that include a stator facing each side of the rotor, the stator position Positioning is accomplished in the manner described with reference to FIG.

Regarding the efficiency of the motor according to this invention, without going into details of theory, It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the

First, the magnetic flux of all pole pairs of the rotor is in the same direction across each core relative to the coil. between the polar bodies, a straw-like arrangement of three, and - stators. due to the expected magnetic relationships and the full and partial polarity conditions.

In fact, they are not reclosed by the core and are related in a way that adds to the mutual flux. In the sense that the magnetic flux disappears in the pair of poles of the rotor, do not have. This is the first condition for achieving optimal efficiency.

Additionally, the magnetic flux of each pair of rotor poles is maximized because these fluxes converge. bundled and closed again by the poles of a polar body perpendicularly opposite each pair of poles of the rotor It is from. This is the first condition for achieving optimal efficiency. Also, here, the third aspect is related to stepwise operation.

The rotor is full and the angular spacing between the poles on each face of the rotor is equal to 4"/N. In terms of efficiency considerations, the total magnetic flux from the rotor pole pairs and Optimize the relationship between rotor inertia. This means that efficiency increases with increasing magnetic flux and The force that this function increases with magnetic flux means that it increases with inertia. This is due to the fact that it is much larger than the force that decreases.

According to the combination of these necessary conditions, the motor according to the present invention can achieve its completed The configuration is optimized in terms of efficiency considerations. In contrast to this Therefore, motors of the same type that do not meet the above-mentioned requirements will not be able to achieve optimum efficiency. It will not last.

The number of phases of the motor according to this invention is m-1 Since the coefficient is satisfied for an integer n, a large number can be obtained without changing the motor concept. It can be expanded in width.

In other words, increasing the number of phases m increases the number of poles N relative to the rotor plane. It is fulfilled by being satisfied.

The motor according to this invention also has a degree of output without changing the concept of the motor. It has the advantage of significantly increasing the In fact, without going into the details of the theory, this The mechanical power of a motor of the type increases with its diameter as well as the number of pole pairs of the rotor. It is intuitively pointed out that this is a function that

In short, in the motor according to the present invention, the disk of FIG. Since it induces a positioning torque, it is said to be adapted to the mode of stepwise motion. There are some advantages.

b − Fig, 5 Fig, 6 Ku- international search report

Claims (1)

[Claims] / A multi-phase motor with a magnetized rotor having two pairs of poles on seven sides, The poles on each surface of a rotor (1) are arranged regularly around its axis of rotation, and are arranged alternately. are oppositely named, the pole of one face is perpendicularly opposed to that of the same name on the other face, and − The rotor (1) is arranged between two at least approximately similar stators (a, b). Re, One stator (a, 1)) forms m phases (r, s), each phase (r, 8 ) contains two polar bodies (,2,,?) of one and the other stator (a, b) , these are coplanar, one of which (,2) is interleaved within the other (3). , separated by a tortuous camp (11,), λ゛　− pieces of one stator The polar body of the stator is made to face that of the other stator, For −m−/phases (r, S′), the polar bodies of the remaining phases ( As for one of the pairs of U, 3), the poles of each polar body whose number is n=- ( Pl or λ・m P4r　　　6　+　P8　) is complete, and adjacent on each side of the rotor (1) separated by an angular spacing approximating at least twice that between the poles, - m of each polar body of the other pair of polar bodies opposite the other 7 of the remaining phases; The pole (P7) is completely ahe +2 m - The remaining m poles (P5 r"Q) of each polar body in this latter pair are part , whose overall extension angle approximates the extension angle of at least seven complete poles. - the phases (r, 8') are mutually shifted; - each pole of the stator (a) The stator (x, 3) is opposite to that of the other stator (1) for each phase. magnetically coupled to a polar body, For m6 phase, the outer two polar bodies (3) are connected to the core (one of the ends of A+ (A, D), and the other end (B, C) is connected to the inner two magnetic bodies ( 2) magnetically coupled to - At least seven coils (ri) are surrounded around the core (b) of each phase (r, S) has been, A polyphase motor characterized by: The m-phases (r, 8) are offset from each other by an angle approximating at least "/Nm" Ori, The method according to claim 1, characterized in that motor. 3 - The rotor (/') contains two magnetized parts, each having N magnetized axes in the troughs. , all of which are parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor, but whose directions are alternately reversed, They are spaced at equal angular intervals, A soft magnetic disk (/b) is fixed between one magnetized part of the rotor (/), and this The poles on the outside surface of one of these parts correspond to the poles of the same name on the outside surface of the other part. opposed perpendicularly to the poles, The motor according to claim 1 or claim 1, characterized in that: The poles on one outer surface of the rotor and the stator opposite this surface are the other outer surface of the stator and the other stator. A motor according to item 7 of claims 1 to 3 characterized by: , ffi, one coplanar pole for each phase (r, s) of each of the two stators (a, ri) Gender bodies (J,,?) are characterized by a magnetically coupled core between them. The motor according to claim 7 of claims 7 to 3. The poles on one outer surface of the rotor must be relative to the other outer surface of the rotor. 6. The motor according to claim 5, wherein the motor is Claim 5, characterized in that the stators are flush with each other. motor. g - The poles on one outer surface of the rotor are offset with respect to those on the other outer surface. has been Claim 5, characterized in that - the two stators are offset from each other. motor. The stator opposite this surface is located on one outer surface of the rotor. poles on the other outer surface of the stator and are offset with respect to the other stator. The motor according to claim g, characterized in that: L The phase shift in one stator is the same as the phase shift in the other stator. The model of claim 7 of claims 6 to 3, characterized in that Data. //Specifically, only/a stator is included opposite one of the poles of the rotor. 7. The motor according to claim 7 of claims 1 to 3. The rotor simply has poles on its surface facing the stator. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: 73 By a fixed soft magnetic disk placed opposite the free surface of the rotor A motor as claimed in claim 1/. /ri The poles of one outer surface of the rotor are even with respect to those of the other outer surface. 74. The motor according to claim 73, characterized in that: /S A fixed soft magnetic disk with N or 72 openings (/S) is They are arranged regularly along the length of the circular crown concentrated on the disk, but in the radial section of the stator. 74. The motor of claim 73, wherein the motor is offset with respect to the motor. /A A fixed soft magnetic disk with N or F openings is collected on the disk. They are arranged regularly along the length of the central circular crown and are symmetrical with respect to the radial section of the stator. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that - two stators ( The position of the polar body (2, 3) in the plane in a, b) is determined by two screws (9). The spacing between the polar bodies of one and the other stator is ensured by one screw. ensured by the shoulder (/) and the two cannula (//), A motor according to claim 7 of claims 1 to 1θ.