JPS6035522Y2 - Chuck device such as crankshaft - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a chuck device for supporting a shaft-shaped workpiece having an eccentric shaft portion, such as a crankshaft, on a rotating main shaft of a processing machine.

Conventionally, in a chuck device installed in a processing machine that turns the pin part of a crankshaft, a workpiece reference holder installed at the part that grips the journal of the crankshaft is fixed, so that the journal of the crankshaft When machining different types of crankshaft pins with different distances from the shaft center to the pin shaft center, the workpiece reference holder must be manually replaced each time or fixed in another position, which is troublesome. Not only that, but the different types of crankshafts cannot be run arbitrarily on the production line, so a small-volume loft production system has to be adopted, and even in this small-volume loft production system, the same process as described above is performed each time the loft changes. The workpiece datum receiver must be replaced or re-secured in another position, which is inconvenient and inefficient.

This idea was made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to move and fix the workpiece reference holder in multiple positions, so that shaft-shaped workpieces with eccentric shaft parts such as crankshafts can be moved and fixed at a specified position depending on the type of the workpiece. By being able to automatically clamp the shaft-shaped workpiece in position with a clamper, it is possible to easily respond to changes in the shaft-shaped workpiece to be gripped, and in the production line, different shaft-shaped workpieces can be freely flowed. The purpose is to provide a workpiece chuck device.

An embodiment of this invention will be described below based on the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 denotes a substantially cylindrical chuck body, and a lid 3 having a shaft hole 2 is attached to the open end of the chuck body with a plurality of mounting screws (not shown).

A 0-shaped groove 4 whose axis coincides with a diametrical line passing through the center of the chuck body 1 is formed on the opposite side (front side) of the lid body 3 of the chuck body 1 to be described later.

Further, a disc-shaped movable body 6 having a shaft portion 5 is provided in the chuck body 1 so that the shaft portion 5 is fitted into the shaft hole 2 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the chuck body 1.

Further, on the front side of the chuck body 1, a recess 7 is formed below the U-shaped groove 4, and guide grooves 8, 8 are formed on both sides of the recess 7 and extend in the axial direction of the O-shaped groove 4. ing.

In the recessed part 7, a sliding guide 9 has guide grooves 1 and 8 on both sides of the recessed part 7.
It is slidably fitted into the chuck body 1 and is movable in the radial direction of the chuck body 1.

The sliding guide 9 has an upper U-shaped groove 9a as shown in FIG.
is formed, and a block-shaped workpiece reference holder 10 is fixedly attached to this upper U-shaped R9a.

A rectangular recess 11 is formed on the lower back surface of the sliding guide 9.

On the other hand, an eccentric shaft (rotary shaft) 12 is rotatably fitted in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the chuck body 1 at a position opposite to the recess 11 of the sliding guide 9 via a bush 13.

The eccentric shaft 12 has a central shaft portion 14 and a shaft portion 14 at one end thereof.
It consists of an eccentric part 15 which is formed to have a smaller diameter and is provided eccentrically from the shaft part 14, and a gear shaft part 16 which is provided at the other end and is coaxial with the shaft part 14.

The eccentric portion 15 is rotatably fitted into a rectangular sliding collar 17 that is fitted into the recess 11 of the sliding guide 9 so as to be slidable only in the left-right direction (direction perpendicular to the guide grooves 8, 8) in FIG. are combined.

Then, the eccentric shaft 12, the sliding collar 17 and the sliding guide 9
A moving mechanism 18 for moving the workpiece reference holder 10 in the radial direction of the chuck body 1 is configured.

Two conical notch holes 19 are formed in the outer circumferential surface of the shaft portion 14 of the eccentric shaft 12 so as to be located in the eccentric direction of the eccentric portion 15 with respect to the shaft portion 14 of the eccentric shaft 12 .

Further, a screw 21 having a recess 20 opening downward (toward the eccentric shaft 12) in FIG. 1 is screwed into the bottom of the O-shaped groove 4 of the chuck body 1.

The lower part of this screw 21 is loosely fitted into a hole formed in the bushing 13.

A spring 22 and a ball 23 are installed in the recess 20 of the screw 21.
The ball 23 is fitted into one of the notch holes 19 of the eccentric shaft 12 while being urged toward the notch hole 19 side by the spring 22.

Furthermore, in a portion of the chuck body 1 that is closer to the center of the chuck body 1 than the position of the eccentric shaft 12, a stepped through hole is provided in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the eccentric shaft 12, as shown in FIG. 25 is formed, and the rack rod 2 is inserted into this through hole 25.
6 is fitted and provided so as to be movable in the axial direction.

A rack 27 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the rack rod 26 at a location facing the eccentric shaft 12 , and this rack 27 is meshed with the gear shaft portion 16 of the eccentric shaft 12 .

Pushers 28 and 29 are provided on both sides of the rack rod 26 in the axial direction, spaced apart from the chuck body 1.

The pushers 28 and 29 each consist of a cylinder mechanism 30 and a push piece 31 that is attached to the tip of its piston rod and abuts against the rack rod 26 to move it.

A rotation mechanism 32 is constituted by the rack rod 26 and the eccentric shaft 12.

Further, on the front side of the chuck body 1, there are provided a stepped portion 33 along both side edges of the U-shaped groove 4, a recessed portion 34 perpendicular to the axis of the O-shaped groove 4, and grooves 35 and 36 along both sides of the recessed portion 34. ing.

In the recess 34, a pair of clampers 37, 37 are fitted with both widthwise ends into grooves 35, 36 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the O-shaped groove 4, that is, in the direction indicated by arrows A and B in FIG.
They are fitted so that they can slide freely in the direction.

The pair of clampers 37, 37 each have a clamp jaw 38, 38 at its tip.

Further, a hole 40 having a pressure receiving portion 39 formed of an inclined surface is formed at a predetermined location of the pair of clampers 37, 37, as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, a pair of horizontal shafts 41, 41 provided in positions corresponding to the holes 40 are fitted into the chuck body 1 so as to be movable in the axial direction of the chuck body 1.

The horizontal shaft 41 has a substantially wedge-shaped slope (pressing part) 42 formed on the outer peripheral surface of one end on the clamper 37 side, and the slope 42 receives pressure in the axial direction of the chuck body 1. It is inclined at the same angle as the inclination angle of the portion 39, and can come into surface contact with the pressure receiving portion 39 when the horizontal shaft 41 moves in the axial direction of the chuck body 1, as will be described later.

Further, at one end of the horizontal shaft 41, protrusions 41a, 41a are formed so as to be located on the slope 42 side.

These protrusions 41aw41a are inclined at approximately 45 degrees with respect to the axial direction of the chuck body 1 so that the rear side of the chuck body 1 is close to the center of the chuck body 1 and the front side of the chuck body 1 is far away. , and said groove 35.36
It extends in the axial direction of the O-shaped groove 4 from the flat parts 41b, 41b of the horizontal shaft 41 formed on the bottom side.

Note that the protrusions 41a, 41 relative to the axis of the chuck body 1
The angle a is much larger than the angle of the slope 42 with respect to the axis of the chuck body 1.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the clamper 37 is provided with a pressure-receiving portion 39 located on the movable body 6 side and inclined in the same direction as the projections 41a, 41a toward the axis of the chuck body 1. Grooves 37a, 37a extending in the axial direction of the U-shaped groove 4 are formed.

The groove width W of these grooves 37a, 37a is the protrusion 41a of the horizontal shaft 41.
, 41a with a width approximately the same as the thickness t of these protrusions 4.
1a and 41a can be fitted into the opening.

Incidentally, on the inner surface of the hole 40 on the groove 35, 36 side, convex portions 37c, 37c are formed, which are located on the movable body 6 side of the clamper 37 and have a slope 37b.

The slope 37b is located on an extension of the inner surface 37d of the inner circular surfaces of the grooves 37a9-37a, which is farther from the axis of the chuck body 1.

Further, the slope 37b is configured to come into surface contact with the protrusions 41a, 41a when the horizontal shaft 41 moves in the axial direction of the chuck body 1, as will be described later.

A recess 43 is formed on one side of the other end of the horizontal shaft 41, and the recess 43 is fitted into a recess 44a formed on the right side (front side) of the movable body 6 in FIG. The ends of the combined floating plates 44 are loosely fitted with a gap Z shown in FIG.

The movable body 6 is located near the end of the floating plate 44.
It is attached to a headed threaded rod 46 passing through the flange 45 of the flange 45, and allows slight relative movement via a compression spring 47 sandwiched between the head of the headed screw 46 and the flange 45. is connected to the flange 45.

The side surface of the movable body 6 of the floating plate 44 is formed into a tapered surface shape.
The movable body 6 is capable of swinging in a balance-like manner using the contact portion (X portion shown in FIG. 4) between the center portion and the center portion of the recess 44a of the movable body 6 as a fulcrum.

The end of a crankshaft (workpiece) 51 is fitted into the O-shaped groove 4 of the chuck body 1, and the workpiece reference holder 1
0 and a pair of clampers 37.37 is a crankshaft 5.
A reference seat 53 and a pusher 54 are provided on the chuck body 1 on both sides of the crank arm 52 of the crankshaft 51 that has been fitted in this way in FIG.

The reference seat 53 is fitted into a recess 53a formed in the chuck body 1, and the screw 53 is inserted in the same direction as the moving direction of the clamper 37.
It is attached so that its position can be adjusted freely.

The pusher 54 has a recess 55 provided in the chuck body 1.
A groove 56. which is fitted into the chuck body 1 and formed in the chuck body 1.
Both widthwise ends of the clamp 57 are fitted into the chuck main body 1 so as to be slidable in the same direction as the moving direction of the clamper 37.

Further, the pusher 54 has a pressure receiving portion 58 formed of an inclined surface, as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, a hole 59 is formed in the chuck body 1 in the axial direction of the chuck body 1, and in this hole 59, as shown in FIG. It is fitted so as to be movable in the axial direction of 1.

A slope 60 that engages with the pressure receiving portion 58 of the pusher 54 is formed at one end of the horizontal shaft 67 .

Further, a recess 61 is formed at the other end of the horizontal shaft 67.
A sleeve 62 is fitted into the sleeve 1 so as to be slidable in the axial direction thereof.

A rod 63 and a spring 64 fitted into the rod 63 are fitted into the sleeve 62 .

The spring 64 is located between a spring seat 65 provided at one end of the sleeve 62 and the bottom of the recess 61 of the horizontal shaft 67.
It is provided so as to bias the horizontal shaft 67 and the sleeve 62 in the direction of separating them from each other (in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 4).

A recess 66 is formed in the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 62, and the end edge of the flange 45 of the movable body 6 is fitted into the recess 66.

The lid body 3 is attached to the tip of the main spindle of a lathe, etc., and the piston rod (not shown) of a fluid pressure cylinder attached to the rear end of the main spindle of the lathe, etc. passes through the hole in the main spindle to the tip of the main spindle. The movement of the piston rod causes the movable body 6 to move in the axial direction of the shaft 5 (in the direction of arrows C and D in FIGS. 1 and 4).
It has been made to move.

Further, the pushers 28 and 29 are attached to a main body such as a lathe near the chuck main body 1.

Therefore, when clamping the journal portion of the crankshaft 51, first the pusher 28 or the pusher 29 is operated to the stroke end of the cylinder mechanism 30 depending on the difference in the distance between the journal portion and the pin portion of the crankshaft 51. and push the rack rod 26 using the push piece 31.

Then, as the eccentric shaft 12 rotates, the sliding collar 17 moves in the radial direction of the chuck body 1 while moving left and right in FIG. 2 via the eccentric portion 15.

Along with this, the sliding guide 9 also moves in the radial direction of the chuck body 1, and therefore, the workpiece reference holder 1 moves together with this sliding guide 9.
0 also moves in the same direction as the sliding guide 9.

At this time, if one notch hole 19 or the other notch hole 19 comes directly below the ball 23, the ball 23 will fit into either of these notch holes 19, and the eccentric shaft 12 will be moved when the pusher 28 or 29 retreats. Rotation is suppressed, and in this state, the workpiece reference receiver 10 is set at a predetermined upper or lower position.

Here, the crankshaft 5 is inserted into the U-shaped groove 4 of the chuck body 1.
1 and place the journal portion of the crankshaft 51 on the workpiece reference holder 10.

Next, a fluid pressure cylinder attached to the main shaft of the lathe or the like is operated to push the movable body 6 in the direction of arrow C in FIGS. 1 and 4.

Then, the sleeve 62 is pushed by the edge of the flange 45 of the movable body 6, and moves the horizontal shaft 67 in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 4 via the spring 64.

Then, the slope 60 of the horizontal shaft 67 becomes the pressure receiving part 5 of the pusher 54.
8, this causes the pusher 54 to press the crankshaft 5.
It hits the crank arm 52 of No. 1, presses it against the reference seat 53, and fixes it in that position.

This allows the crankshaft 51 to be positioned around the axis.

At the same time, the movable body 6 pushes the floating plate 44 at its center by allowing the floating plate 44 to swing around the center of the floating plate 44 (X section shown in FIG. 4) as a fulcrum. move.

As a result, the floating plate 44 moves the pair of horizontal shafts 41, 41 toward the front side of the chuck body 1 (in the direction of arrow C in FIG. 4).

Then, the slope 42 of the horizontal shaft 41 touches the pressure receiving part 3 of the clamper 37.
9, the pair of clampers 37 and 37 each move toward the center of the chuck body 1 and approach each other, and the lower slope of each clamp jaw 38 and 38 aligns the journal portion of the crankshaft 51 with the workpiece reference. It is pressed against the receiver 10 and clamped.

The clamper 37 when clamping the crankshaft 51
．． 37 is fast at the beginning of the movement because the protrusions 41a, 41a are fitted into the grooves 37a, 37a, and at the end of the movement, the protrusions 41a, 41a escape from the grooves 37a, 37a, and the slope 42 moves the pressure receiving part 39. It will be slow because it will be pressed.

Therefore, the clamp jaws 38, 38 do not impact against the crankshaft 51.

At this time, the pin portion of the crankshaft 51 is aligned with the rotational axis of the main shaft of the lathe, etc., and the pin portion is ready for turning.

When removing the crankshaft 51 clamped between the workpiece reference holder 10 and the clamp jaws 38, 38, the fluid pressure cylinder attached to the lathe or the like is actuated to move the movable body 6 in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIGS. 1 and 4. All you have to do is move it in the opposite direction.

When the movable body 6 moves in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. In Fig. 4, pull it in the direction of the arrow.

Then, the edge of the floating plate 44 moves the pair of horizontal shafts 41, 41 toward the rear side of the chuck body 1 (in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 4).

As a result, the protrusions 41a, 41 of the pair of horizontal shafts 41, 41
a is the convex portion 37c of the hole 40, 40, the slope 37bt of 37c
37b in the direction of the arrow in FIG.

As a result, the pair of clampers 37 and 37 each move to the groove 3.
5.36 from the center of the chuck body 1 toward the outside.

Then, the protrusions 41a, 41a fit into the grooves 37a, 37a to further move the pair of clampers 37, 37 in the same direction.

As a result, the pair of clamp jaws 38, 38 separate from the crankshaft 51 and unclamp it.

The moving speed of the pair of clampers 37, 37 during this unclamping is as follows, since the projections 41a, slopes 37b, and grooves 37a are inclined by approximately 450 degrees with respect to the axis of the chuck body 1.
Clamper 37.3 when clamping the crankshaft 51
It will be faster than the final movement speed of 7.

As mentioned above, the reason why the floating plate 44 can swing around its center is that the pair of horizontal shafts 41, 41 and the pair of clampers 37, 37 are manufactured with the same precision. Because it is difficult to
This is to enable the pair of clamping jaws 38, 38 to clamp the crankshaft 51 evenly even if there are slight manufacturing errors.

Furthermore, the gap Z is provided between the inner surface of the recess 43 of the horizontal shaft 41 and the edge of the floating plate 44 so that when the crankshaft 51 is unclamped, the pressure receiving parts 39, 39 of the clampers 37, 37 come into contact with each other. This is to give a hammering effect (impact effect) to the horizontal shafts 41° 41, since it is difficult to move the horizontal shafts 41, 41 with quiet force.

In addition, whether the workpiece reference support 10 is placed in the upper or lower position is determined by detecting the size of the crankshaft 51 using two limit switches or the like during the process of supplying the crankshaft 51 to a lathe or the like. This is determined by detecting this with a device and operating one of the pushers 28 and 29 to protrude based on the detection signal.

In the above embodiment, the moving mechanism is constituted by the shaft portion 14, the eccentric shaft 12 having the eccentric portion 15, the sliding collar 17, and the sliding guide 9.
is moved in the radial direction of the chuck body 1, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a cam may be provided on the shaft portion 14 instead of the eccentric portion 15, and the workpiece reference holder 10 is moved to the cam in the radial direction of the chuck body 1. They may be connected so as to be movable in the direction.

As explained above, according to this invention, the workpiece reference holder can be moved freely in the diametrical direction of the chuck body and fixed at a predetermined position, and a shaft-shaped workpiece having an eccentric shaft portion such as a crankshaft can be automatically moved by the clamper. Since it is configured so that it can be clamped automatically, it is possible to automatically clamp different types of shaft-like workpieces such as crankshafts, and the workpiece reference holder can be clamped automatically whenever the shaft-like workpiece is changed. There is no need to manually re-fix the gold, and different types of shaft-shaped workpieces such as crankshafts can be flowed at will on the production line, greatly improving the processing efficiency of crankshafts and the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of this invention, Figure 2A is its front view, Figure 2B is a view in the direction of the ■ arrow in Figure 2A, and Figure 3A.
3B is a partially omitted sectional view of the pusher, FIG. 4 is a partially omitted sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 3A, and FIG. 5 is a partially omitted sectional view of the pusher. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line VI-IX in FIG. 4. FIG. 1... Chuck body, 6... Movable body,
10...Work reference receiver, 18...Movement mechanism, 32...Rotation mechanism, 37...
Clamper, 39...Pressure receiving part, 41...
Horizontal axis, 42... Slope (pressing part), 51...
...Crankshaft (work).

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A chuck body, a movable body provided on the chuck body so as to be movable in the axial direction of the chuck body, a work reference holder attached to the chuck body so as to be movable in the radial direction, and the work reference holder. a moving mechanism having a rotating shaft connected to the chuck body and rotatably provided on the chuck body, and moving the workpiece reference holder in the radial direction of the chuck body when the rotating shaft rotates; and the rotating shaft. a rotation mechanism that is connected to the movable body and rotates the rotating shaft; and a crankshaft or the like that is interlocked with the movable body and moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the chuck body and that is fitted between the workpiece reference holder and the like. and a clamper provided on the chuck body for pressing and clamping the workpiece against the workpiece reference holder.