JPS60253907A - Shape measuring instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure with good accuracy in non-contact type and yet continuously by providing a position detecting means detecting the rotation or reciprocating motion position of a detecting means and an arithmetic means obtaining the shape of the body to be measured with the calculation of the output which is from a photoelectric transducer. CONSTITUTION:A shape measuring instrument is equipped with a position detecting means encoder 12 detecting the rotation or reciprocating motion position of detectors 2, 2 and an arithmetic means 13 obtaining the shape of the body 1 to be measured with the calculation of the output transmitted from a photoelectric transducer 10. And it inputs the output (VP, VG) and (HP, HG) of the photoelectric transducer 10 into a microcomputor 21 via an interface 20 every position change of (n-2) (n-1) (n). The shape is then displayed on a displayer 22 while a circular arc for three tangent lines (n, n-1, n-2) from the three tangent lines thereof is drawn and the detectors 2, 2 are rotated for 360 deg. or reciprocated more than 90 deg.. Measurement is thus enabled with good accuracy and with non- contact and yet continuously.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is capable of changing the shape of a strip material, such as a rolled material, bar, wire rod, etc., which has relatively little change in the longitudinal direction, either online or offline. The present invention relates to a shape measuring device that is suitable for measuring the shape of an object in a non-contact manner and is suitable for measuring the shape of an object to be measured, such as the strip.

(Prior art) For example, if it is possible to continuously measure the diameter and shape of round steel bars or steel wire rods during the rolling process, the measured values can be immediately fed back to the rolling system and the dimensions of the steel bars or wire rods can be measured. It becomes possible to continuously perform shape control and shape control, and significant improvements in quality and productivity are realized.

In this case, the measurement of diameter and shape requires high rolling temperature,
It is necessary to use a non-contact method for reasons such as the high running speed of the rolled material and the fact that the rolled material vibrates vertically and horizontally.

Conventionally, non-contact measuring devices have been disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-37806 for measuring the diameter of objects to be measured, but there are no devices that can measure the shape of objects in a non-contact manner. There was nothing that could be applied in the field. Therefore, it has been desired to develop a shape measuring device that has a relatively simple structure and can easily and accurately measure the shapes of steel bars, wire rods, etc. at rolling sites and the like.

(Purpose of the Invention) The present invention was made to meet such needs, and is a shape measurement method that can measure the shape of objects to be measured such as rods and wires in a non-contact manner and continuously with high accuracy. The purpose is to provide equipment.

(Structure of the Invention) A shape measuring device according to the present invention includes a light source that irradiates a light beam onto an object to be measured, and a photoelectric conversion element that detects a boundary between the light beam that has passed through the object to be measured and a shadow caused by the object to be measured. a non-contact detection means, a drive means for rotating or reciprocating the detection means around the object to be measured, a position detection means for detecting the rotational or reciprocating position (including angle) of the detection means; The present invention is characterized by comprising a calculation means for calculating the output from the photoelectric conversion element to obtain the shape of the object to be measured.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the light source in the non-contact detection means may include a first optical system, and may irradiate the object to be measured with parallel light. In this case, the parallel light beam irradiation is not affected even if the distance between the light source and the object to be measured changes, so it is suitable for determining the shape of rolled material etc. online.
The (parallel) light beam that has passed through the object to be measured can be directly received by the photoelectric conversion element, but it is also possible to receive the (parallel) light beam by the photoelectric conversion element via a second optical system. can.

The object to be measured is not particularly limited; for example, in the case of a rolled material, a feedback means is provided to automatically adjust the rolls of the rolling mill based on the shape of the rolled material obtained by the calculation means. You can also do that.

Furthermore, in an embodiment of the present invention, the non-contact detection means may be arranged in two channels orthogonally in the same plane substantially orthogonal to the object to be measured, or the non-contact detection means may be arranged in two channels orthogonally to the object to be measured. Three or more channels may be arranged at a constant angle on the same substantially orthogonal plane or on adjacent planes. The shape of the object to be measured can be measured by reciprocating the non-contact type detection means around the object to be measured by 3600 rotations or more than 90'.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of the shape measuring device according to the present invention, and the line ■■■ indicates the boundary between the light and the shadow of the light beam irradiated onto the object to be measured over time or simultaneously. . Therefore, the lines ■, , ■ is -, and an arc with radius r is drawn with the intersection O as the center within the range of these lines ■, ■, ■ (range of angle α), and line ■.

The shape of the object to be measured can be determined by drawing an arc with each radius each time the directions (1) and (2) change continuously and plotting this over 3,600 degrees.

(Embodiment) FIGS. 2 to 7 are diagrams showing embodiments of the present invention. In FIG. 2, 1 is an object to be measured, and 2.2 is a two-channel structure constituting a non-contact detection means. It is a non-contact type detector. Each non-contact type detector 2 includes a first optical system 6 consisting of a light source 4 and a lens 5 for irradiating parallel light rays 3 onto the object to be measured 1, and a first optical system 6 for irradiating the parallel light 3 that has passed through the object to be measured 1. A lens 8 as a second optical system for condensing light, and a position (P) and width (G) of the shadow of the light beam by the object to be measured 1 that receives the light beam passing through the lens 8. Photoelectric conversion element 10 consisting of a group of minute photoelectric conversion elements that detects
Both detectors 2.2 are arranged orthogonally in the same plane that is substantially orthogonal to the object to be measured 1.

Further, 11 is a driving means for rotating or reciprocating the detectors 2, 2 around the object to be measured 1, and 12 is a driving means for rotating or reciprocating the detectors 2, 2.
．． Position detection means 13 detects the rotational or reciprocating position (including angle) of 2, and calculation means 13 calculates the output from the photoelectric conversion element 10 to obtain the shape of the object 1 to be measured.

In addition, in the figure, HH' is the horizontal plane of the absolute system, vV'
indicates the vertical plane of the absolute system.

The output of the photoelectric conversion element 1o is as shown in FIG.
The width of the shadow part where the light beam is blocked by the object to be measured 1 (G
) is Lo, which allows us to know the dimensions of the object to be measured 1, and the part hit by the light beam is H4, and this Hi
The position P of the object to be measured 1 can be determined by the width of the portion.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the arithmetic means 13, in which 15 is a driver that drives the photoelectric conversion element (for example, a charge-coupled device; CCD) 10, and 16 is a receiver 117 that receives the output from the photoelectric conversion element 10. The waveform shaping circuit 18 is a counter.

Further, 12 is an encoder as the position detecting means;
20 is the output (VP (n)) of the photoelectric conversion element 1o
, VG (n), HP (n), HG (n)) and an interface 22 that inputs the output (EN (n)) from the encoder 12 to the microcomputer 21;
is a display that displays the shape of the object to be measured 1 based on the output from the microcomputer 21.

Next, the procedure for measuring the shape of the object to be measured 1 using the shape measuring device having the above configuration will be explained with reference to FIG.
The light sources 4, 4 are turned on to irradiate the object to be measured 1 with parallel light beams 3, 3, and the photoelectric conversion element 1o.

10 to detect the position (VP (n), HP (n)) and width (VG (n), HG (n)) of the shadow, and at the same time actuate the driving means 11 to move the non-contact type detector 2.
2 is rotated 3600 times or reciprocated over 90 degrees, and the position (angle) (EN (n)) at this time is recorded using the encoder 12.
Detected by.

Therefore, in step 1o1 shown in FIG. 5, the output EN of the encoder 12, the output directions (VP, VC) and Pi (HP, HG) of the photoelectric conversion element 1o on the vertical and horizontal sides are shown in FIG. The position change ■→■→■, that is, (n-2)→(n-1)−(n), is inputted to the microcomputer 21 via the interface 2°, each is read in step 102, and the output (
In step 103, the drift amount is corrected according to the drift amount of the object to be measured 1 determined by t'l (VP, VG) and (HP, HG), and then in step 104.
The equation f of the tangent in the absolute system that is in contact with the surface of the object to be measured 1 at each position detected by the encoder 12 in
vp (n) + fvc (n),, fo p (n
), fHG(n) is calculated, and then in step 105 three tangents (n, n-
1, n-2) to its three tangents, and plot this continuously while the detector 2゜2 rotates 360° or reciprocates over 90', the display 22 rotates and the object to be measured is drawn. Display the shape of 1. Therefore, for example, the shape of the object 1 to be measured as shown in FIG. 6 is displayed as shown in FIG. Feedback means is provided to feed back to the finishing mill, and depending on the shape measurement result, the caliber is adjusted in one direction in the finishing mill.

To automatically and continuously perform roll adjustment by recognizing the free surface direction and knowing roll clearance and roll deviation.

Although the shape measuring device according to the present invention can measure the shape even if the non-contact detector 2 has only one channel, it is preferable to provide two channels perpendicular to each other as shown in the above embodiment. Furthermore, by providing three channels, it is possible to obtain an accurate radius r and center O (FIG. 1) without being affected by drift, making extremely accurate shape measurement possible. However, in this case, it is necessary to take measures such as slightly shifting the positions of the three-channel detectors to prevent mutual interference.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the drift correction when the object to be measured 1 fluctuates is performed using the position (VP (n), HP (n)) and width (VG (n)) of the shadow of the light irradiated onto the photoelectric conversion element 10.
), HG (n)), but in addition, 1.For example, the center line of both tangents of the light irradiated to the object to be measured 1 always passes through the center of the optical system. The moving process can also be performed electrically.

Furthermore, although the above embodiment shows a case where the object to be measured 1 is irradiated with a parallel beam of light, the distance between the light source and the object to be measured is constant, for example when the object to be measured is in a stationary state. Therefore, measurement is possible even if the beams are not parallel.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to know the surface shape (curvature) of the object to be measured 1, and when measuring the shape of a bar, wire, etc. coming out of a finishing mill, it is possible to know the surface shape. By analyzing the distribution of , it is possible to know the measurement location of the rolled material and the degree of roughness of the caliber. That is, in normal cases, when looking at the cross section of the bar or wire rod, etc., it is composed of several types of curvature. For example, the cross section of round steel has a caliber shape transferred to it, as shown in Figure 8, and the product dimensions are It consists of a part rl which is l/2, a part r2=2r1, and a part r3 which is a free surface. Therefore, when such a round steel is measured using the shape measuring device according to the present invention, the curvature shown by the solid line in Fig. 9 is obtained immediately after the rolling roll starts to be used, and when the rolling roll wear progresses, This is transferred to the rolled material to obtain, for example, a curvature as shown by the broken line in FIG. Therefore, even if the rolled material is twisted, the roll direction and free surface direction can be known, and the degree of wear of the rolling rolls can also be known.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, the shape measuring device according to the present invention detects the boundary between the light source that irradiates the object to be measured and the shadow caused by the object of the light that has passed through the object to be measured. a non-contact detection means comprising: a photoelectric conversion element for detection; a drive means for rotating or reciprocating the detection means around the object to be measured; and a position for detecting the rotational or reciprocating position of the detection means. Since it has a configuration including a detection means and a calculation means for calculating the output from the photoelectric conversion element to obtain the shape of the object to be measured, it is possible to determine the shape of the object to be measured such as a bar or wire. It is possible to perform non-contact measurement continuously and with high precision. For example, in a rolling mill where high-temperature steel wire rods run at high speed, the shape of the steel wire rods can be continuously measured and the results sent to the rolling system. Feedback makes it possible to always roll a product having an accurate cross-sectional shape, and brings about the remarkable effect that it becomes possible to realize a remarkable improvement in rolling accuracy and rolling workability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the measurement principle of the shape measuring device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an overall explanatory diagram of the shape measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the output of the photoelectric conversion element.
Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of the calculation means, Figure 5 is a flowchart of the calculation process, Figures 6 and 7 are explanatory diagrams showing the shape of the material to be measured and the display output after calculation, and Figure 8 is the cross section of the round steel. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a shape example, and FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in curvature measured by shape. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Object to be measured, 2... Non-contact detection means, 3... Light beam, 10... Photoelectric conversion element, 11... Drive means, 12... Position detection means, 13...・Calculation means. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4/15 Figure 5 Figure 8 Figure 9 Position 1

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A non-contact detection means comprising a light source that irradiates a light beam onto an object to be measured, and a photoelectric conversion element that detects the boundary between the light beam that has passed through the object and the shadow caused by the object; A drive means for rotating or reciprocating the detection means around the object to be measured; a position detection means for detecting the rotational or reciprocating position of the detection means; A shape measuring device comprising: arithmetic means for obtaining the shape of an object to be measured; (2) The shape measuring device according to claim (1), wherein the object to be measured is a rolled material, and the device includes feedback means for adjusting the rolls of a rolling mill based on the shape of the rolled material obtained by the calculation means. (3) A shape measuring device according to claim (1) or (2), wherein the non-contact detection means are disposed in two orthogonal channels in the same plane substantially orthogonal to the object to be measured. (4) Claims (1) or (2) in which three or more channels of non-contact detection means are arranged at a constant angle on the same plane or adjacent plane substantially perpendicular to the object to be measured.
) The shape measuring device described in section 2. (5) Non-contact detection means 360° around the object to be measured
A shape measuring device according to any one of claims (1) to (4), which is configured to rotate. (6) The shape measuring device according to any one of claims 8(1) to (4), wherein the non-contact type detection means is configured to reciprocate by 90 degrees or more around the object to be measured.