JPS6023720B2 - Oil and fat refining method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for refining fats and oils, and more particularly to a method for obtaining refined fats and oils with excellent color and stability.

The usual refining of fats and oils involves a decamming process using key acid or an organic acid, or a deacidification process consisting of neutralizing free fatty acids with an alkaline aqueous solution and washing and removing the resulting soap with warm water. The process then goes through a number of steps, including a decolorization process using adsorbents such as activated white paper and activated carbon, and then a deodorization process using steam under high vacuum.

However, the quality of oils and fats refined by such ordinary refining methods, such as hue, storage stability, and thermal stability, is not constant, so it is necessary to increase the amount of adsorbent added in the decolorization process,
There are many cases where it is necessary to change the type of oil, and even with this method, it may not be possible to obtain refined oils and fats of good quality. This is mainly due to the quality of the raw material oil. In other words, differences in the extraction method, storage method, period, transportation method, etc. of the raw material oils and fats cause differences in the hue, acid value, peroxide value, carbonyl value, impurity content, etc. of the raw material oils and fats. . This has led to differences in the quality of refined oils and fats. The present invention solves these drawbacks and is a refining method that can always obtain refined oils and fats of excellent quality even if the quality of the raw material oils and fats is different. That is, the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to known methods for refining fats and oils, a step of contacting fats and oils with a compound selected from the following a or b (hereinafter referred to as an amino compound) is carried out before the deacidification step. This is a method for refining fats and oils.

'a} A compound having an amino group and a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof.

'b' A compound having an amino group and a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof.

Although the contact treatment step of the present invention is carried out before the deoxidation step, it is particularly preferably carried out before or simultaneously with the degumming step.

If the next deoxidizing step is carried out carefully, refined fats and oils with such a light color that the decolorizing step can be omitted can be obtained. When the amino compound is brought into contact with the raw oil or fat, oxidation products such as peroxides and carbonyl compounds, gums, and other impurities are thought to be converted into stable reduced compounds or compounds that are easily removed.

The contact treatment conditions in the present invention are as follows: 0.01 to 5% by weight of an amino compound is added to the raw material oil and fat;
The contact is carried out for 2 to 90 minutes.

The fats and oils to which the method of the present invention is applied include animal fats and oils such as fat, lard, fish oil, and whale oil, palm oil, soybean oil, cottonseed oil,
These include vegetable oils and fats such as linseed oil, olive oil, coconut oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, and rice bran oil, and synthetic triglycerides obtained by the esterification reaction of fatty acids and glycerin.

Among the aminocarbon compounds used in the present invention, examples of compounds having an acid group having an a-amino group and a carboxylic acid group or salts thereof include aspartic acid, lysine, valine, methionine, cystine, alanine, phenylalanine, In addition to arginine, glutamic acid, leucine, glycine, serine, threonine, histidine, tryptophan, anthranilic acid, aminosalicylic acid, and aminophthalic acid, these include hydrochloride, sodium salt, or potassium salt. Examples of compounds having a 'b-family/ group and a sulfonic acid group or their salts include sulfamic acid, 4-sulfoanthranilic acid, 4-nitroaniline-2-sulfonic acid, and 1-amino-2naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid. In addition to these, there are also sodium and potassium salts. Next, the present invention will be explained using examples and comparative examples.

Note that % indicates weight %. In addition, the analytical values and AOM test (
The peroxide value in AOCS test method Cd-12-57) is shown in Table 1, and the refined fats and oils obtained by the method of the present invention have better hue and lower peroxide value than the refined fats and oils obtained by the conventional method. It is clear that it exhibits excellent stability in tests.

Example 1 Palm oil heated at 80:00 (acid value 0.7, peroxide value 6.0, iodine value 53.U hue is dark red light color and cannot be measured)
After 1% of 75% phosphoric acid and 1% of water were added to the mixture and roped for 30 minutes, 0.5% of phenylalanine was added and roped for 30 minutes.

After removing insoluble matter by centrifugation, 3.0% (1.3 sonic equivalents based on the acid value of palm oil) of a 4-degree casein soda aqueous solution was added and stirred for 5 minutes. The resulting liquid was centrifuged and then washed with water. Next, after dehydration under reduced pressure, 1% activated clay was added and the mixture was heated at 1400qo.
I worshiped for 0 minutes. After the activated clay was removed by filtration at 10,000 ℃, steam deodorization was performed at 5 Hg and 260° C. for 90 minutes.

Example 2 Palm oil was refined under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that sodium glutamate was used instead of phenylalanine.

Example 3 Palm oil was purified under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1 except that aspartic acid was used instead of phenylalanine.

Example 4 Palm oil was purified under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1 except that sulfamic acid was used instead of phenylalanine.

Example 5 Palm oil was purified under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the degumming step using phosphoric acid was not performed.

Comparative Example 1 Palm oil was refined under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the contact treatment step with phenylalanine was not performed.

Comparative Example 2 Palm oil was purified under exactly the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the degumming step with phosphoric acid and the contact treatment step with phenylalanine were not performed.

Example 6 Beef tallow heated to 80°C (acid value 57, peroxide value 15.0
Iodine value 46. Hue: Lovibond R5.0Y4o [5
After adding 0-5% of 75% phosphoric acid to the cellulose cell and incubating for 3 minutes, 1% of glycine was added and incubating for 30 minutes.

Next, the steps of deoxidation, decolorization, and deodorization were carried out in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. Example 7 Beef tallow was purified under exactly the same conditions as in Example 9 except that methionine was used instead of glycine.

Comparative Example 3 Beef tallow was purified under exactly the same conditions as in Example 6 except that the contact treatment step with glycine was not performed.

Example 8 An esterification reaction was carried out at 0 to 240° C. for 1 hour using 184 mol of glycerin (2 mol), 170 mol of oleic acid (6.1 mol) and 19 mol of zinc oxide as a catalyst.

The acid value of the obtained esterified product was 9.7. 80℃
After cooling, 1% sulfamic acid was added and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes, followed by centrifugation of the unused portion.

Next, add 7.2% caustic soda solution at 20 degrees Baume.
(1. needle sound equivalent relative to the acid value of the esterified product) was added to the soap for 5 minutes, and the resulting soap was separated by far-D and washed with water. After dehydration, 2% activated clay was added and the mixture was heated at 120 mm for 30 minutes. After the activated clay was furnace-separated at 100°C, it was deodorized with steam for 60 minutes at 5 g/day and 250 x ○ to obtain purified oleic acid triglyceride.

Comparative Example 4 Oleic acid triglyceride was purified under exactly the same conditions as in Example 8, except that the contact treatment step with sulfamic acid was not performed.

Table 1 Analytical values of refined oil and AON test results Example 9 Glycerin 92 moles (1 mol), palmitic acid 7 moles (3 moles)
．． 1 mol) and zinc oxide as a catalyst.
The esterification reaction was carried out at 00 to 24 pi for 10 hours.

The oxidation value of the obtained esterified product was 13.5. 90
After cooling to 30℃, 1% sulfamic acid was added to
The mixture was stirred for 0 minutes, and then the insoluble matter was centrifuged.

Next, add 10% (
1.5 times equivalent to the oxidation of the esterified product) was added and incubated for 10 minutes, and the resulting soap was centrifuged, washed with water, and then dehydrated under reduced pressure.

The hue of the obtained palmitic acid triglyceride was R on Lovibond (5-word inch cell). -3Y28. Next, 2% of activated clay was added and heated at 120°C for 30 minutes, then cooled to 100°C and the activated clay was separated.

The hue of palmitic acid triglyceride that underwent the decolorization process was RO. It was 3Y2.2. Comparative Example 5 Palmitylic acid triglyceride was made under exactly the same conditions as in Example 9 except that the contact treatment step with sulfamic acid was not performed.

The hue of palmitic acid triglyceride that was subjected to a deoxidizing step after the reaction was RI. 1, YIO. 0, and the hue after the bleaching process is RO. &Y was 9.0.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for refining fats and oils, which comprises carrying out a step of bringing a compound selected from a or b below into contact with hydraulic pressure, followed by a deoxidizing step. (a) A compound having an amino group and a carboxylic acid or a salt thereof. (b) A compound having an amino group and a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof. 2 A compound having an amino group and a carboxylic acid group or a salt thereof is aspartic acid, lysine, valine, methionine,
cystine, alanine, phenylalanine, arginine,
The purification method according to claim 1, wherein the purification method is glutamic acid, leucine, glycine, serine, threonine, histidine, tryptophan, anthranilic acid, aminosalicylic acid, aminophthalic acid, or their hydrochloride, sodium salt, or potassium salt. 3 A compound having an amino group and a sulfonic acid group or a salt thereof is sulfamic acid, 4-sulfoanthranilic acid, 4-sulfamic acid,
-Nitroaniline-2-sulfonic acid, 1-amino-2naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid, or their sodium or potassium salts Claim 1
Purification method described in section.