JPS60234797A - Screw-type waste treatment device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent surely and easily overloading in a waste treatment by rotating backward a screw to discharge the coarse and large waste or changing the attitude thereof or opening the open/shut part at the front end of a casing when the device is overloaded. CONSTITUTION:A cutter 12 is attached to the front edge of a feed port 4a of the treating device to cut the coarse and large waste 3. The overload is detected from the current of an electric motor, etc. when the device is overloaded. The screw 2 is then rotated backward to return the waste 3 toward a discharge port 4b. An annular plate 14 which closes the penetrating part of a screw shaft 8 is attached to the rear end of the rear casing 4 and the waste 4 which is the cause for the overload is scraped by said plate through the port 4b. The attitude thereof is otherwise changed and thereafter the forward rotation of the screw 2 is resumed. The waste 3 which is the cause for the overload is removed by opening the cone part 26 and nozzle part 27 (open/shut part) at the front end of the casing 21 and thereafter the stationary operation is resumed in the case of overloading such as bite of the coarse and large waste 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field to which the Invention Pertains] The present invention relates to a complete screw waste treatment apparatus and method that can prevent overload due to excessive input of waste or bulk waste.

[Prior art and its problems]

When waste such as garbage is pulverized and reduced in volume using a screw set processing device, if an excessive amount of waste or bulky waste is introduced, the load becomes excessive. In such cases, the normal load was generally restored by repeating forward and reverse rotation of the screw, or by removing the tip of the cylindrical casing surrounding the screw and removing the waste that caused the overload. However, the former method is uncertain, and the latter method requires a lot of effort to remove.

[Purpose of the invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for treating waste with a screw set that can reliably and easily prevent overloading.

[Key points of the invention]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, this invention rotates the screw in the opposite direction when overloaded, and discharges bulky waste, etc., which is the cause of the overload, from the discharge port provided in the cylindrical casing at the rear of the waste input port. The load can be returned to normal by changing the position of the casing, and if necessary, an opening/closing part is provided at the tip of the casing to remove waste that may cause an overload.

[Embodiments of the invention]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, in which a cylindrical cable ring 1 and a rotary suction pipe L are driven by an electric motor (not shown) so as to be able to rotate in reverse. -2 is arranged. The casing 1 includes a large-diameter cylindrical rear casing 4 having an input port 4a for waste 8 on the outer periphery of the front end, and a medium-diameter cylindrical front casing 5 integrally connected to the front end surface of the rear casing 4. It consists of a small-diameter cylindrical nozzle part 7 that is integrally connected to the front end surface of the front casing 5 via a cone part 6, and a discharge port 4b for the waste 3 is provided on the outer periphery of the rear end of the rear casing 4. .

The screw 2 integrally connects the screw shaft 8 in the rear casing 4 and the front casing 5 and the degassing rod 9 in the nozzle part 7 with a tapered part 10 in the cone part 6, and It is formed by providing a series of screw blades 11 on the outer periphery from the part to the root part of the gas venting rod 9. The waste 8 inputted from the input port 4a is transported while being crushed into small pieces as the screw blades 11 rotate, and is compressed and solidified in the cone portion 6. Said waste 3
If it contains a large amount of plastic, frictional heat is generated when the fine pieces are mixed together with the rotation of the screw blade 11 and compressed in the cone part 6, and some of the low melting point melted by this generated heat is generated. The plastic acts as a binder when it solidifies. The waste 8 compressed by the cone part 6 is extruded from the tip of the nozzle part 7 as a cylindrical solid having a gas vent hole in the center.

A cutter 12 is attached. When there is an overload caused by excessive input of waste 8 or bulky waste 8, this is detected by the current of the electric motor, etc., and the screw 2 is rotated in the reverse direction, thereby returning the waste 8 toward the discharge port 4b. It has become.

The outer diameter of the rear part of the input port 48 of the screw shaft 8 is narrower than that of the front part so that the gap with the rear casing 4 is large, and a low-height screw blade 18 is provided in series with the screw blade 11 on the outer periphery. ing. screw blade 18
A plurality of pins 15 are provided behind the discharge port 4b to facilitate the discharge of waste from the discharge port 4b. The screw blade 1B or the bottle 15 can also be omitted. An annular plate 14 is attached to the rear end surface of the rear casing 4 to close the passage through which the screw shaft 8 passes. The screw 2 scrapes out the waste 8 that causes overload from the discharge port 4b or changes the attitude of the bulky waste 8 to restore the normal load, and then rotates in the normal direction again. Note that the waste 3 can also be discharged in the axial direction with a structure in which the discharge port 4b is closed and the annular plate 14 is not provided.

Second, this is an embodiment of the waste treatment apparatus according to claim 2, in which a single-rotation screw 2 is provided inside a cylindrical casing 21 and is driven to be reversely rotatable by an electric motor or the like (not shown).
is installed. The casing 21 includes a large-diameter cylindrical rear casing 4 having an input port 4a for the waste 3 on the outer periphery of the front end, and a medium-diameter cylindrical front casing 5 integrally connected to the front end surface of the rear casing 4. The front casing 5 consists of a small-diameter cylindrical nozzle part 27 that is integrally connected to the front end surface of the front casing 5 via a cone part 26.
It is hinged to the front end of the front end so that it can be opened and closed.

A discharge port 4b for the waste 3 is provided on the outer periphery of the rear end of the rear casing 4. The screw 2 is formed by providing a screw shaft 8 in the rear casing 4 and the front casing 5, a degassing rod 9 in the nozzle part 27, and a screw blade 11 in series on the outer periphery of the cone part 26. The waste 3 input from the input port 4a is transferred to the screw blade 11.
As the material rotates, it is transported while being crushed into small pieces, and compressed and solidified in the cone section 26. When the waste 3 contains many plastics, frictional heat is generated when the pieces are mixed together as the screw blades 11 rotate and when they are compressed in the cone portion 26, and this generated heat lowers the melting point of the molten material. Some of the plastic acts as a binder during solidification.

The waste 8 compressed by the cone part 26 is transferred to the nozzle part 27.
It is extruded from the tip as a cylindrical solid with a gas vent hole in the center.

A cutter 12 is attached to the front edge of the input port 4a for cutting the bulky waste 8 with a gap between the cutter 12 and the outer periphery of the screw blade 11. When there is an overload caused by excessive input of waste 8 or bulky waste 8, this is detected by the current of the electric motor, etc., and the screw 2 is rotated in the reverse direction, thereby returning the waste 8 toward the discharge port 4b. It has become.

The rear part of the screw shaft 8 from the input port 4a has a narrower outer diameter than the front part to have a larger gap with the rear casing 4, and a low-height screw blade 18 is provided in series with the screw blade 11 on the outer periphery. ing. This screw blade 18 can also be omitted. An annular plate 14 is provided on the rear end surface of the rear casing 4 to close the passage through the screw shaft 8.
is installed. If the screw 2 is still overloaded due to the waste material 3 being caught in the discharge port 4b, the screw 2 opens the cone portion 26 provided at the tip of the casing 21 and the nozzle portion 27 (opening/closing portion) to eliminate the cause of the overload. After removing the waste 8, the opening/closing parts 26 and 27 are closed again to return to normal operation.

In the embodiment described above, the cone section 26 and the nozzle section 27, which are divided into two parts in the radial direction, are hingedly connected to form an opening/closing section. It can also form an opening and closing part,
Further, the opening/closing portions 26, 27 can be formed to be able to be pulled out in the axial direction using a guide. In the case of this pull-out type, the opening/closing parts 26 and 27- are supported by hydraulic sills, etc., and the cone part 26
It is necessary to prevent it from moving due to the pressing force. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a partial opening/closing part 88 may be hinged to at least one of the cone part 36 and the nozzle part 87 so as to be openable and closable.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, in the waste treatment apparatus and method with a screw set, the screw is rotated in the opposite direction when overloaded, and bulky waste, etc. The casing is discharged or its position is changed to return it to normal load, and the tip of the casing is also provided with an opening/closing part that can be opened and closed as necessary to remove waste that may cause overload. The effect is that it is possible to reliably and easily prevent overloading due to excessive input of bulk waste or overloading of the input layer of bulky waste.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are longitudinal sections of an embodiment of the invention. ■, 21...Casing, 2...Screw, 8.
...Waste, 4a...Input port, 4b...Output port, 8
...Screw shaft, 11...Screw blade, 26
．． 27.38...Opening/closing part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A rotating screw with screw blades provided on the outer periphery is disposed in a cylindrical casing, and while the waste input from the input port provided on the outer periphery of the casing is transferred by the screw, Mixed wires of screw blades, crushed by compression action,
In a waste treatment device that molds, solidifies, and extrudes from the tip of a casing, the screw is provided so as to be able to rotate in reverse, and the screw blades are provided at the front part from the input port of the screw, and the screw blades from the rear part of the screw are provided from the input port to the rear part. A waste disposal device with a screw set, characterized in that the gap between the outer circumference of the shaft and the casing is made larger than that in the front part, and a waste discharge port during reverse rotation is provided near the rear end of the rear casing. 2) A rotary screw with screw blades on the outer periphery is installed in a cylindrical casing, and while the waste is transferred through the input port provided on the outer periphery of the casing, the screw blades are mixed and compressed. Shattered by action,
In a waste treatment device that molds, solidifies, and extrudes from the tip of a casing, the screw is provided so as to be able to rotate in reverse, and the screw blades are provided at the front part from the input port of the screw, and the screw blades from the rear part of the screw are provided from the input port to the rear part. It is characterized by making the gap between the outer circumference of the shaft and the casing larger than that of the front part, providing a waste outlet near the rear end of the rear casing during reverse rotation, and providing an opening/closing part at the tip of the casing. Screw set waste processing equipment. 8) A rotary screw with screw blades on the outer periphery is installed in a cylindrical casing, and while the waste is fed through the input port provided on the outer periphery of the casing and is transferred by the screw, the screw blades are mixed and compressed. Shattered by action,
In a waste disposal method in which the waste is molded, solidified, and extruded from the tip of the casing, the screw is rotated in the opposite direction when overloaded, and bulky waste that causes overload is removed from the discharge port provided in the casing at the rear of the input port. After discharging or changing its position, it is rotated in the forward direction, and in the event of an overload, an opening/closing part provided at the tip of the casing is opened to remove the waste that causes the overload. A screw set waste disposal method characterized by: