JPS60175705A - Variable nozzle of radial turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable vane angle to be varied without changing the radial distance between an edge and a rotor by pivoting a nozzle holder to move at a time the position of a trailing edge of the vane circumferentially. CONSTITUTION:When an arm 14 is pivoted about a pivot pin 16 through a link 15 by a drive unit, a nozzle holder 13 is pivoted about the axis of a rotor 5 through a pin 13B engaging a fork 14a on the end of the arm 14. Then, a pin 12 is fitted in a groove 11A of a nozzle vane 11 in a position 20A so that the nozzle vane 11 is slidably pivoted about the pin 12. Thus, the nozzle vane 11 is pivoted while a flange 11B is pivoted in a pivotal groove of a holder 13A, and located in a position 20B. Hence, a trailing edge 1A of the nozzle vane 11 does not have the distance from the rotor end 5A varied but has the wave angle varied.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Technical Minute Hand] The present invention relates to a variable nozzle for a radial turbine, and particularly to a variable nozzle for a radial turbine in which a single or plural nozzle blades are arranged at the inlet of a turbine rotor and these are rotationally displaced. Regarding nozzles.

[Prior art]

Recently, turbochargers for automobile engines and the like equipped with variable nozzle blades of this type have been developed, and exhaust energy is effectively utilized over a wide range from low speeds to high speeds.

Figure 1 shows the variable nozzle of such a radial turbine, and this example is published in Sanyume Heavy Industries Technical Report, Vol.
1983-9), ``Development of Varia-Pull Geometry Turbocharged Engine for Trucks and Buses.''

Here, 1 is a nozzle vane, 2 is a vane rotating shaft attached to the end face of the nozzle vane 1, and a plurality of such nozzle vanes 1, which are rotatable by the rotating shaft 2, are formed in a turbine housing 3. They are arranged at equal intervals along the rotor inlet section 4. 5 is a turbine rotor.

The rotating shaft 2 is pivotally supported by a housing 3 on one side, and a lever (not shown) is attached to the other end of the rotating shaft 2, and a slider slidably holds the lever end of the rotating shaft 2. ,
The rotation shaft 2 is rotated all at once in the same direction through a ring that is connected to the slider through a bottle and rotates together with the slider, and a drive device that rotates the ring (not shown above). The area of the throat is changed by changing the area of the throat.

However, in such a conventional variable nozzle of a radial turbine, the rotating shaft 2 is attached near the center of the chord of the nozzle vane 1, and is rotated by this rigidity. When rotating 2, vane 1
The distance from the trailing edge LA to the tip 5A of the rotor 5 changes significantly, leading to an increase in pressure loss and reducing the efficiency of the entire engine.

〔the purpose〕

The purpose of the present invention is to address these problems and to change the blade angle and throat area of the nozzle vane without changing the position of the trailing edge of the nozzle vane.
An object of the present invention is to provide a variable nozzle for a radial turbine that can effectively utilize the variable nozzle and improve turbine efficiency.

〔composition〕

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has a method in which a bottle is fitted into a groove drilled in the chord direction of the vane, and the bottle is fixed between the nozzle passages, so that the vane is slidably held. None, a disc-shaped flange part whose axis is located near the trailing edge is attached to the end face along the housing wall of the vane, and this flange part is pivotally supported on a ring-shaped nozzle holder. The nozzle holder is rotatable around the rotor axis, and by rotating the nozzle holder, the positions of the trailing edges of the vanes are simultaneously moved in the circumferential direction via the flange portion, and the vanes are moved along the fixed bin. 5) to change the blade angle.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show an embodiment of the invention.

In FIG. 2, 11 is a nozzle vane, and lIA is a sliding groove provided inside the nozzle vane 11.

Note that the sliding groove 11A is located closer to IJ − than the center of the blade chord.
By providing the blade in the chord direction near the ding edge, a suitable deflection angle can be obtained during the blade angle changing operation of the vane 11, which will be described later.

Reference numeral 12 denotes a bottle fitted into the sliding groove 11A of the vane 11, and the bottle 12 is mounted between the housings 3 and the stopper 12
By screwing A, the vane 11 is fitted into the sliding groove 11A.
It is pivotally supported so that it can freely slide along.

Furthermore, a disk-shaped flange portion 11B is attached to the end face of the vane 11 so that its center axis is aligned near the trailing edge of the vane 11, and this flange portion 11B e IJ
It is rotatably fitted into a pivot groove 13A formed in a ring-shaped nozzle holder 13. (6) The nozzle holder 13 is formed concentrically with the turbine rotor 5, and can be rotated around the axis of the rotor 5 via the arm 14.

Incidentally, when the number of hems 711 is singular, the nozzle holder does not need to be a ring.

That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the nozzle holder 13 has pivot pins 13B formed in its four parts.
3B pivots the slit portion of the hole 214A formed at the end of the arm 14, and the link 15 connected to the other end of the arm 14 is driven via a drive device (not shown), thereby driving the nozzle. The holder 13 is rotated.

Reference numeral 16 designates a shaft pin that rotatably supports the arm 14, and is screwed onto the housing 3.

In the variable nozzle of the radial turbine configured in this way, although not shown, a drive device such as an actuator using air pressure or an electric motor is operated via a means for detecting the operating state of the engine and a control means. The arm 14 is swung by the drive device via the link 15, and the swing of the arm 14 moves the nozzle holder 13 to the axis of the rotor 5 via the pin 13B which is pivotally supported by the hoe 214A. It can be rotated firmly.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when the nozzle holder 13A rotates around the rotor axis 5B, the nozzle bay 711 at position 2OA has the bin 12 fitted in its groove 11A. Since the flange portion 11B is slidably and rotatably supported by the holder 13A, the flange portion 11B rotates while being pivotally supported by the pivot groove of the holder 13A, and moves to the position 20B.

Nozzle Bay 711 Trailing Edge IA
can change the blade angle of the vane 11 without changing the distance from the tip 5A of the rotor 5, and can change the throat distance between adjacent vanes 11 (not shown), thereby increasing pressure loss. can be prevented.

In this example, the flange portion 11B is provided at the trailing edge IA where the throat is formed, and the flange portion 11B is fitted into the groove 13A of the nozzle holder 13. No gap is formed between this part of 711 and the housing 3, and therefore gas can be prevented from escaping through the gap in this part, which also contributes to improving turbine efficiency.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention. In this example, disk-shaped flange portions 11B and 11C are arranged on both sides of the page 711 with the axis aligned with the trailing edge IA of the nozzle vane 11.
23 is a nozzle holder rotatably fitted to the wall surface of the housing 3 on the turbine shroud 50 side.

The nozzle holder 23 is made to have a symmetrical shape with the nozzle holder 13, and the flange portion 110 of the vane 11 is rotatably supported in the pivot groove 23A of the nozzle holder 23.

The rest of the configuration is the same as the example shown in FIG. 2, but here there is no need to connect the drive means directly to the nozzle holder 23, and as the holder 13 rotates, the holder 23 is interlocked via the nozzle vane 11. can be done.

(9) In the above explanation, the sliding groove 11A provided in the nozzle vane 711 is made to penetrate the nozzle vane 11, but the groove 11A does not necessarily have to penetrate the entire width of the vane 11. Separate grooves may be drilled on both sides to accommodate and pivot individual bottles.

Further, the nozzle vane 11 and the bottle are not limited to metal, but can also be made of ceramic. Furthermore, the nozzle holders 13 and 23 may be made of ceramics, and the shape of the nozzle holders 13 and 23 is not such that they are in surface contact with the wall surface of the housing 3, but rather that they are in line contact over the entire outer periphery to prevent seizure. You can.

〔effect〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, the bottle is fixed by fitting into the groove in the chord direction provided in the nozzle vane, and the vane is slidably and rotatably held by the bottle. A disk-shaped flange portion centered on the trailing edge (10) is provided on the end face facing the housing, while a ring-shaped flange portion is provided on the corresponding housing wall and is rotatable concentrically with the rotor axis. A nozzle holder is provided, and the flanges are rotatably fitted into the fitting holes formed in the nozzle holder.
By rotating the nozzle holder, the vane is swung around the trailing edge without rotating the flange, so the radial distance between the trailing edge of the nozzle vane and the tip of the rotor can be reduced. It is possible to change the blade angle of the nozzle vane and the area of the throat part without changing the nozzle vane, and the result of efficiently installing a variable nozzle without increasing the pressure loss in this part can be obtained, thereby increasing the turbine efficiency. Can be done.

In other words, if flanges are provided on both sides of the vane that correspond to the trailing edge, and these flanges are fitted into the nozzle holder, no gap will be formed between the vane and the housing in this area, and the gap loss will be reduced. It is possible to smoothly change the angle of the vane even though the angle is reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of the variable nozzle of a conventional radial turbine; Fig. 2 is a sectional view showing an example of the configuration of the variable nozzle of the radial turbine of the present invention; Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the configuration. 4 are diagrams for explaining the operation thereof, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the main parts of another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Nozzle vane, IA... Trailing edge, 2... Rotating shaft, 3... Turbine housing, 4... Rotor inlet part, 5... Turbine rotor, 5A... Tip part , 5B...Axis center, 5G...Shroud, 11...Nozzle vane, 11A...Sliding groove, 11B, 110...Flange portion, 12...Bin, 12A...Screw, 13 ... Nozzle holder, 13A... Pivot groove, 13B... Pivot pin, 14... Arm, 14A... Horn, 15... Link, 16... Axis pin, 2OA, 20B ...position, 23...nozzle holder, 23A...pivot groove. Patent applicant: Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (13)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A variable nozzle for a radial turbine rotor in which a nozzle vane is arranged in a nozzle part between housings along the inlet of a turbine rotor, and the nozzle vane is made to rotate fully; A sliding groove is provided, and a pin fixed to the housing is fitted into the sliding groove so that the nozzle vane is slidably and rotatably held, and at least one of both ends of a trailing edge of the nozzle vane is provided. is provided with a disk-shaped flange portion centered near the trailing edge, and a nozzle holder concentric with the axis of the turbine rotor is provided on a wall surface corresponding to the flange portion of the housing forming the nozzle portion. A variable nozzle for a radial turbine, characterized in that a flange portion of the nozzle vane is rotatably fitted into a fitting hole provided in the nozzle holder. 2. In the variable nozzle for a radial turbine according to claim 1, the flange portion of the nozzle vane is provided at both ends of the trailing edge, and the nozzle holder is provided on both sides of the housing forming the nozzle portion. A variable nozzle for a radial turbine characterized by being installed on the wall. (Margin below)