JPS60172322A - Filtration apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve filtration efficiency by adjusting the flow rate of water passing through pebbles in a water tank to a uniform and appropriate value over a wide range of the pebble layer, and filtering the water again which has been filtered by the pebble layer. CONSTITUTION:A casing 7 of a filtration apparatus 3 is constituted of a flat box shaped suction part 8 opened at the bottom and a pair of rectangular cylindrical purifying part 9 extending vertically and covered with a pair of lid 10, 11, and constructing the both parts uniting to form one body, and the relatively wide part of the casing is buried in a pebble layer. And a water sucking means 4 is driven while setting the above described filtration apparatus 3 in the water tank, thus the water in the water tank is sucked in the filtration apparatus 3 by permeating the water through the pebble layer and fed back to the top of the water tank after filtering through the filter medium 5, 6. As the result, the filtration efficiency is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a filtration device, and particularly to a filtration device installed at the bottom of an aquarium with at least a portion of the left side buried in gravel spread inside the aquarium.

Conventionally, such a filtration device has been generally used as a so-called bottom type filtration device. That is, gravel is used as a filtering material, and water is filtered by flowing from above to below through a layer of gravel spread inside the aquarium. However, in conventional bottom-type filtration devices, a flat box-shaped casing with multiple water absorption holes on the top surface is buried in gravel, and a water absorption means connected to the casing is activated.
Water is sucked into the casing through the gravel layer.

Therefore, near the connection position of the water absorption means, the negative pressure inside the casing is large and the water absorption speed is relatively high, whereas in the area away from the connection position, the negative pressure inside the casing is small and the water absorption speed is low. relatively late. As a result,
In severe cases, the filtration effect of the gravel is performed only near the connection position of the water absorption means, and as the gravel in that area becomes clogged, the filtration effect occurs in areas distant from the connection position. . Moreover, if the water absorption rate in the gravel layer is too slow and water stagnates, the growth of anaerobic microorganisms will be promoted and the aquarium fish in the aquarium will be more likely to have negative effects such as disease. If - is too fast, the reproduction of aerobic microorganisms will be inhibited, making it difficult for aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter. Therefore, the water absorption rate needs to be maintained at an appropriate level. Furthermore, there is a limit to the filtration effect of gravel alone, and in order to keep the water in the aquarium clean for a long period of time, it is necessary to perform an additional filtration effect.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to make the speed of water passing through the gravel in the aquarium uniform and appropriate over a wide range, and to further filter the water that has been filtered through the gravel. It is an object of the present invention to provide a filtration device with improved filtration efficiency.

In order to achieve such an object, the present invention provides a flat suction section that is buried in gravel to define a flow path and has a plurality of water absorption holes in its upper wall that communicate with the flow path. , a casing is constructed by integrally combining a purification section defining a filtration chamber that communicates with one end of each of the flow passages, and within the purification section, a filtration chamber is connected to an inner purification chamber and an outer purification chamber. A filtration material is connected endlessly in a horizontal plane to separate the purification chamber.
A water absorption means is installed over the entire width of the connection port between the suction section and the purification section, and is connected to the purification section for circulating water in the purification chamber into the water tank.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. First, in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, gravel 2 is spread throughout the water tank l, and the filtration device 3 of the present invention has at least Part of it is buried in gravel 2, and aquarium 1
installed at the bottom of the interior.

By operating the water absorption means 4 with the filtration device 3 installed in the aquarium l in this way, the water in the aquarium 1 passes through the gravel 2 and is sucked into the filtration device 3.
, 6, and then refluxed to the upper part of the water tank 1.

The casing 7 of the filtration device 3 is integrally composed of a flat box-shaped suction section 8 with an open bottom and a rectangular cylindrical purification section 9 whose top is covered with a pair of lids 10 and 11 and extends vertically. For example, they are integrally molded from synthetic resin. The suction section 8 includes an upper wall 12 and a U-shaped side wall 13 that is open on the purification section 9 side. The purifying section 9 consists of a pair of side walls 14 and 15 facing each other, and a pair of end walls 16 and 17 facing each other by connecting the ends of the side walls 14 and 15. The suction part 8 is coupled to the connection port 50 at right angles. Therefore, the casing 7 is formed so that its longitudinal cross-sectional shape as a whole becomes an abbreviated shape. Moreover, the suction section 8 is formed to be relatively long both in the direction perpendicular to the side wall 14 of the purification section 9 and in the direction extending horizontally along the side wall 14, and is buried in the gravel 2 over a relatively wide range. .

The upper wall 12 of the suction part 8 is composed of a lower part 18 and a higher part 19 connected via a step part 20, and the higher part 19 is connected to the purifying part 9.
is coupled to the lower part of the side wall 14 of.

The lower part 18 extends relatively long along the bottom part 1a of the water tank 1, and on the lower surface of the lower part 18, a plurality of partition walls 21 extending in a direction perpendicular to the side wall 14 of the purification part 9 are connected to each other. Hanging parallel to each other at intervals. Therefore, when the casing 7 is placed on the bottom la of the aquarium 1, the lower part 18, each partition wall 21, the bottom la of the aquarium 1 and the suction part 8
A plurality of mutually parallel flow passages 22 are defined by the side walls 13 of.

In the upper wall 12 of the suction part 8, in the lower part 18.

A plurality of water absorption holes 23 communicating with each flow passage 22 are connected to each flow passage 22.
2 are bored at intervals along the longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the distance between the water absorption holes 23 is set to become smaller as the distance from the purification section 9 increases. In the upper wall 1, water absorption holes 23 are also formed in the high part 19 and the step part 20 on the extension of the flow path 22, and the side wall 13 of the suction part 8 also has a plurality of water absorption holes spaced apart from each other. 24 is drilled.

In the purification section 9 each side wall 14.15 and end wall 16.1
The upper open end of 7 is closed with a pair of lids 10.11. Thereby, when the casing 7 is placed on the bottom 1a of the aquarium 1, a filtration chamber 25 is defined within the purification section 9. The lower part of this filtration chamber 25 is located at the upper part 19 of the suction section 8.
It is commonly communicated with one end of each of the flow passages 22 through a gathering chamber 26 defined below.

Inside the filtration chamber 25 of the purification section 9, there are a pair of filters bent in a waveform in a horizontal plane. '5.6 are respectively held and charged in the frames 27 and 28, and the filter media 5,
6 are connected endlessly in a horizontal plane by a connector 29. Therefore, the inside of the filtration chamber 25 is partitioned into a purification chamber 30 inside the filter media 5 and 6 and an unpurified chamber 31 outside the filter media 5 and 6.

A pair of lids 10, 11. Filter media 5, 6 and frame 27.
2'8 have exactly the same shape and configuration, and the frame 27
．． The filter media 5, 6 held by 28 are supported by the lid 10.11, respectively, and are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other in the filter chamber 25. This is taken into consideration when the size of the filter device 3 is reduced to 1/2, and the size of the filter device 3 is reduced to 1/2.
/2, it is sufficient to use a combination of one lid, one frame, and one filter material. Below, one 1i
10. Only the configurations of the filter medium 5 and the frame 27 will be explained.

Referring also to FIGS. 4 to 6, the lid 10 includes the purifying section 9.
side walls 14.1 of the purifying section 9 so as to be able to fit into the upper end of the
It is formed into a substantially U-shaped cross section, consisting of a pair of side plates 32, 33 facing each other with an interval greater than the distance between the two side plates 32, 33, and a top plate 34 connecting the side plates 32, 33. In this lid 10, a support cylinder 35 that communicates with the inside of the purification chamber 30 is suspended from one end of the top plate 34.
5 has a plurality of vertically extending slits 36 spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction in order to expand and exert elastic force radially inward. Also, on the side edge of the top plate 34,
A plurality of engaging claws 38 are provided to protrude downward. Furthermore, water holes 39 extending vertically are formed at intervals in each of the side plates 32 and 33.

The frame body 27 consists of an upper support plate 40, a lower support plate 41, and a plurality of connecting rods 42 that connect both support plates 40, 41. The upper support plate 40 is formed in a rectangular shape with a width that can fit into the lid 10, and the upper support plate 40 includes:
A plurality of fitting holes 43 into which the engaging claws 38 can fit are formed, and a fitting cylinder 44 into which the supporting cylinder 35 can fit.
are integrally protruded. In addition, the dimensions of the fitting hole 43 are set to such an extent that when the engaging claw 38 is fitted, the connection state between the lid 10 and the frame body 27 can be maintained by frictional force.

On the other hand, the lower support plate 41 is formed in a zigzag shape except for both ends in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of locking protrusions 45 are protruded from the central part in the width direction corresponding to each trough. , through holes 46 are drilled at positions corresponding to the winter mountain areas. The upper support plate 40 corresponds to each of these locking protrusions 45.
A locking protrusion 47 is provided in a protruding manner, and a connecting rod 42 is installed in the upper support plate 40 in correspondence with each through hole 46 . Further, locking protrusions 45, 47 are provided in necessary parts other than the locking protrusions 45, 47 to protrude from both support plates 40, 41, and the connecting rods 42 are also provided in necessary parts outside the connecting rod 42. is planted on the upper support plate 40.

The tip of each connecting rod 42 is formed with a small diameter through a step 48 so that it can be inserted into the through hole 46, and the small diameter portion is spaced from the step 48 by the thickness of the lower support plate 41. A locking protrusion 49 is provided in a protruding manner at the open position. Therefore, when the tip of each connecting rod 42 is inserted into the through hole 46 of the lower support plate 41, the lower support plate 41 is held between the step portion 48 and the engagement protrusion 49, so that both support plates 40, 41 are connected by a connecting rod 42 to form a frame 27.

The filter material 5 is formed into a plate shape, and the outer surface of the filter material 5 engages with the locking protrusion 45.47 between the support plates 40 and 41, and the inner surface of the filter material 5 is wrapped around the connecting rod 42. It is attached to the frame body 27 in this manner. Thereby, the filter material 5 is attached to the fitting cylinder 4.
At one end of the four cases, the fitting tube 44 is faced inward and closed.
Further, the other end opposite to the fitting cylinder 44 is open, and the whole is bent in a wave shape. Moreover, at the other end of the frame body 27, both support plates 40.41 have a fitting portion 51, which has a substantially U-shaped cross section.
52, 53, and 54 are integrally provided, and the filter material 5
Both ends of the filter medium 5 are fitted into the fitting portions 51, 52i53 and 54, thereby maintaining the open state of the filter medium 5 at the other end.

A plurality of inflow holes 55 are formed in the lower support plate 41 of the frame body 27 at positions that communicate with the inside of the filter medium 5, that is, the inside of the purification chamber 30 when the filter medium 5 is attached. These inflow holes 55 allow a portion of the water in the unpurified chamber 31 to flow into the purified chamber 30.
By guiding the water into the purification chamber 30, the permeation rate of water flowing from the unpurified chamber 31 through the filter medium 5 into the purification chamber 30 is maintained at an appropriate level. Also, a fitting tube 4 is provided at one end of the lower support plate 41.
For example, a stopper 56 having a cross-shaped cross section is integrally provided at a position corresponding to the lower part of 4, and this stopper 56
This prevents the rising pipe 71 of the water absorption means 4 from being pushed too far into the purification chamber 30 and the lower end of the rising pipe 71 being blocked by the lower support plate 41.

The upper support plate 40 of the frame body 27 has each of the engaging claws 38 fitted into the fitting holes 43, and the supporting cylinder 3 in the fitting cylinder 44.
5 is fitted into the lid lo. on the other hand,
A locking edge 57 that can be engaged with the engaging claw 38 is provided at the upper end of the purifying portion 9 in the casing 7 and protrudes inwardly, and the lid 10 fitted with the frame 27 is attached to the purifying portion 9. When fitted to the upper end of the locking edge 57, the locking claw 38 engages with the locking edge 57. This engagement force is set to such an extent that the locked state is released when the lid 10 is pulled up manually.

Further, on the upper edge of one side wall 14 of the purification section 9,
A plurality of notches 59 are provided, and these notches 5
9 forms a water passage hole 60 between the lid 10 and the upper support plate 40 when the lid 10 is attached. Therefore, the upper part of the filtration chamber 25 communicates with the inside of the water tank 1 via the water passage hole 60 and the water passage hole 39 of mIO.

By fitting Mlo to the upper end of the purification section 9, the frame body 2
The filter material 5 held by the filter member 7 is housed in the filter chamber 25, but at this time, the connecting rod 4 that protrudes downward from the lower support plate 41
The tip of 2 comes into contact with the bottom 1a of the water tank 1. Therefore, the tip of the connecting rod 42 functions as a leg, and the frame 27 is accommodated in the filtration chamber 25 while floating above the bottom 1a of the water tank 1.

7 to 9, the width direction (
In the center (left and right direction in FIG. 2), both side walls 14 of the purification section 9 are
．． A connecting plate portion 61 is provided between the upper ends of the connecting plate portion 15, and an engaging groove 62 is provided on the lower surface of the connecting plate portion 61, extending in a direction perpendicular to the side walls 14, 15. On the other hand, retaining slits 63 and 64 are formed in the lower portions of the side walls 14 and 15, respectively, and the connector 29 is supported by these engaging grooves 62 and retaining slits 63 and 64.

The connector 29 basically has a flange 66 integrally provided on the outer periphery of a rectangular cylindrical body 65. It is formed to such an extent that it comes into contact with the bottom portion 1a. Moreover, the flange 66 has a locking slit 63.・Protrusions 67.6B each engage with the filter chamber 25.
A communication hole 69 is provided to avoid partitioning the interior with the connector 29. Furthermore, the upper end of the flange 66 is fitted into the engagement groove 62, and the lower end of the flange 66 is provided with a notch recess 70 for communicating the filtration chambers 25 on both sides of the connector 29.

Such a connector 29 connects the open ends of a pair of filter media 5.6, thereby allowing the filter media 5, 6 to be connected in a horizontal plane.
are connected endlessly. Moreover, these filter materials 5 and 6 are arranged within the filtration chamber 25 over the entire width of the connection port 50, that is, between both ends of the flow passages 22 in the suction section 8 in the arrangement direction.

Referring again to FIG. 3, the water absorption means 4 includes a riser pipe 71 extending vertically and a discharge pipe 72 connected to the upper end of the riser pipe 71.
, a pressurized air source 73 such as a small compressor, and an air supply pipe 74 such as a vinyl tube whose one end is connected to the pressurized air source 73 and inserted into the riser pipe 72 through the discharge pipe 72; It consists of a bottomed cylindrical air injection cylinder 75 fixed to the other end of the air supply pipe 74 near the lower end of the riser pipe 71 .

The rising pipe 71 is fitted into the support cylinder 35 of the lid 10 and the purification chamber 3 is opened.
0, and its upper end is placed slightly below the water surface l in the water tank l. Moreover, the rising pipe 71 is formed to have an outer diameter slightly larger than the inner diameter of the support tube 35 in its natural state, so that when it is fitted into the support tube 35, the support tube 35 can be moved by the action of the slit 36. Since the support cylinder 35 is enlarged, it is held fixedly by the radially inward elastic force of the support cylinder 35. The discharge pipe 72 is bent into an abbreviated shape, and is inserted into the upper end of the riser pipe 71 with its lower discharge end positioned at approximately the same level as the water surface l. The air injection tube 75 is made of a breathable material such as foamable synthetic resin, and pressurized air is injected into the riser pipe 71 from this air injection tube 75 in the form of fine bubbles. rise within.

Such a water absorption means 4 is connected to the purification section 9 as in this embodiment.
It may be provided only on one side of the purification section 9, or it may be provided on both sides of the purification section 9. However, when the water absorption means 4 is provided only on one side, the support cylinder 3 on the other lid 6
5 is closed with a cap 77 as shown in FIGS.

Next, to explain the operation of this embodiment, the water absorption means 4
, that is, by supplying pressurized air from the pressurized air source 73 to the air injection tube 75 via the air supply pipe 74, a large number of bubbles are generated at the lower end of the riser pipe 71, and these bubbles rise. By rising in the pipe 71, an upward flow occurs in the water in the riser pipe 71. Therefore, a negative pressure is generated in the purification chamber 30, and due to the pressure difference between this negative pressure and the lower water pressure in the water tank 1, water is sucked into the filter device 3 after flowing through the gravel 2.

That is, after the water flowing through the gravel 2 is filtered by the filtration action of the gravel 2, it flows into each flow passage 22 of the suction part 8 from the water suction holes 23 and 24, and then collects from each flow passage 22. It is introduced into the unpurified chamber 31 through the chamber 26 . Water is sucked into the unpurified chamber 31 from the water tank 1 through the water passage hole 39.60 from the upper part thereof, and some of this water flows into the purification chamber 30 through the inflow hole 55. The remaining water is sucked into the purification chamber 31 while being filtered through the filter media 5 and 6. In this way, the water in the aquarium 1 is first filtered through the gravel 2, and then a portion of the water is further secondarily filtered through the filter material 5.6, and then returned to the aquarium 1.

In this filtration device 3, the inside of the purification chamber 30 defined by the filter media 5, 6 and both support plates 40, 41 is maintained at approximately the same negative pressure, and the purification chamber 30 is maintained at approximately the same negative pressure. Since it is provided between both ends in the arrangement direction, each flow passage 22
The negative pressure inside is almost the same. In addition to this, water absorption hole 23
Since the mutual spacing is set to become smaller as the distance from the purification chamber 30 increases, the negative pressure on the upper surface of the suction section 8 is maintained almost uniformly over the front surface thereof. Therefore, gravel 2
The velocity of the water flowing through the pipe is approximately uniform and has an appropriate value over the entire flow range. For this reason, within gravel 2,
By promoting the reproduction of chlorella, aerobic microorganisms, etc., these aerobic microorganisms can decompose organic matter such as leftover food and feces of aquarium fish, thereby preventing clogging of the gravel 2. It can also be served as live bait.

In addition, in the filtration chamber 25, a portion of the water in the unpurified chamber 31 flows into the purification chamber 3o through the inflow hole 55, so that the speed of water passing through the filter material 5.6 can be maintained at an appropriate rate. , can promote the reproduction of the aerobic microorganisms. Moreover, since the filter media 5 and 6 are bent in a wave shape and extend vertically,
The filtration area can be made relatively large within a limited space to improve filtration efficiency, and the filtration material 5.6
This prevents air bubbles from accumulating on the outer surface and obstructing the flow.

It is conceivable that the filter media 5.6 may become clogged after long-term use, but in this case, all you need to do is remove the lids 10.11 from the purification section 9, and attach the frame to the lids 10.11. Since the filter material 5.6 is supported via the filters 27 and 28, the filter material 5.6 can be removed from the filter chamber 25 very easily. Therefore, the filter material 5.6 is attached to the frame 27.2.
By removing the filter material 5.6 from the frame body 27.28 and cleaning it, the clogging state can be released. The action can be performed again.

In the above embodiment, two sets of lids 10.11 frames 27.28
Although the filter materials 5 and 6 are used, it goes without saying that only one set of them may be provided in the purification section 9. However, in this case, a single filter medium is connected endlessly in a horizontal plane. Further, the purifying portion 9 may also be buried in the gravel 2. Further, the inside of the suction section 8 does not have to be partitioned into a plurality of flow paths 22 by the partition wall 21.

As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a flat suction section that is buried in gravel to define a flow path and has a plurality of water absorption holes drilled in the earth wall that communicate with each flow path; A casing is constructed by integrally combining a purification section defining a filtration chamber that communicates with one end of the flow path, and within the purification section, the filtration chamber is divided into an inner purification chamber and an outer unpurified chamber. In order to divide the
A filtration material connected endlessly in a horizontal plane is installed over the entire width of the connection port between the suction section and the purification section, and the purification section includes a water absorption means for circulating the water in the purification chamber back into the water tank. Since it is connected, the inside of the suction part has almost the same negative pressure,
The flow rate of water flowing through the gravel can be made almost uniform within the flow range, which improves the filtration efficiency of the gravel and prevents clogging. Efficiency can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the main parts of a filtration device, Fig. 2 is a view taken in the direction of the ■ arrow in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows the filtration device installed in an aquarium. I [I in Figure 2 showing the situation
- A cross-sectional view along line III, Figure 4 is IV-I of Figure 2.
5 is a sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the lid, frame, and filter material, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line ■-■ in FIG. 2. , Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along the line ■-■ in Figure 7,
FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view showing the state of connection between the connector and the refiltration material. 1...Aquarium, 1a...Bottom, 2...Gravel, 3...
・Filtering device, 4... Water absorption means, 5, 6... Filtering material,
7... Casing, 8... Suction section, 9... Purification section, 22... Distribution path, 23... Water absorption hole, 25... Filtration chamber, 30... Purification chamber, 31.・Unpurified room, 50・
...Connection port Figure 7 Figure 5 n Figure 9 Figure 6 Procedural amendment (method) Mr. Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office 1, Indication of the case 1982 Patent Application No. 29890 2, Title of invention Filtration device 3, Amendment Relationship with the case of a person who does

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a filtration device that is installed at the bottom of the aquarium by being at least partially buried in gravel spread in the aquarium, the filtration device is embedded in the gravel to define a flow path, and the upper wall is connected to the flow path. A casing is constructed by integrally combining a flat suction part with a plurality of water suction holes and a purification part defining a filtration chamber commonly communicating with one end of each of the flow passages,
Inside the purification section, a filtration material is connected endlessly in a horizontal plane in order to partition the filtration chamber into an inner purification chamber and an outer unpurified chamber. 1. A filtration device, wherein the filtration device is attached to the filtration device, and the purification section is connected to a water absorption means for circulating water in the purification chamber into the aquarium.