JPS60170459A - Brake device of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To automatically regulate a brake torque in response to a gross vehicle weight by automatically varying an air gap between a rotary disc and poles in response to the gross weight. CONSTITUTION:A rotary disc 11 secured to an axle 2 in formed at both ends with oblique parts 11a to form thick at the central side and thin at the outer peripheral side. When a vehicle body is vacant, the disc 11 coincides at the center with the pole 12. If the body is mounted, a buffer material is contracted to sink the pole 12. Accordingly, an air gap G between the disc 11 and the pole 12 is narrowed, and even in the prescribed exciting ampereturn state, a field magnetic flux is increased to increase the brake torque.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a braking device for a vehicle to which an eddy current brake is applied.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, there have been brake devices of this type as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. In the figure, (l) is the vehicle body, (2) is the axle, wheels (3) are fixed to both ends thereof, and a disc-shaped rotating disk (4) is fixed between these wheels. . (5) is a bearing that supports both ends of the axle (2), (
6) is a cushioning material interposed between the bearing (5) and the vehicle body (11);
(The force is a rail, and (8) is a magnetic pole around which an excitation coil is wound. A plurality of magnetic poles (8) are arranged with a predetermined gap 0 between them so as to sandwich the rotating disk.
As shown in the figure, they are located above the axle (2) and arranged in the circumferential direction. (9) is a yoke to which the magnetic pole (8) is attached, and 01 is a support to which this yoke is fixed, which is attached to the lower surface of the vehicle body +11.

For convenience, the rotating disk (4) is fixed to the axle (2), and the magnetic pole (8) for DC excitation is disposed above the axle (2). When current flows through the excitation coil wound around this magnetic pole (8), a magnetic flux is generated that penetrates the rotating disk (4), and by rotating in this magnetic flux, the rotating disk (4) is undulated. A current is generated, and braking torque is generated from this eddy current and magnetic flux.

When such a rotating disk type eddy current brake is used, it has braking torque characteristics as shown in Fig. 5(a), and the excitation ampere-turns of each magnetic pole, that is, the excitation current of the excitation coil wound around each magnetic pole. If you adjust the 5th
The characteristics are as shown in Figures (b), (c), and (d). However, if curve (a) is the rated characteristic of a general engine, the characteristic of Q)) (C), which greatly exceeds this, cannot be easily achieved from the viewpoint of magnetic saturation, but rather the characteristic of reduced torque. (d) Often controlled toward the curved side.

In a braking device configured in this way, unless the excitation current is adjusted according to the total vehicle weight both when the vehicle is empty and when the vehicle is in operation, the braking torque pattern is the same, and the braking torque pattern does not match the deceleration due to a certain driving pattern. In order to exert a deceleration force according to a strict train operation schedule, it is necessary to adjust the excitation current extremely precisely, which has the disadvantage that the braking device and operating technology are considerably complicated.

[Summary of the invention]

This invention was made in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional system.The invention improves the structure of the air gap between the rotating disk and the magnetic pole, and automatically closes the air gap in accordance with changes in the total vehicle weight. It is an object of the present invention to provide a braking device configured to automatically adjust braking torque according to the total vehicle weight by changing the total vehicle weight.

[Embodiments of the invention]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. In the figure, 01) is a rotating disk fixed to an axle (2), and sloped portions (11a) are formed on both sides so that the center side is thicker and the outer peripheral side is thinner. 0o is the both side e through the gap 6) so as to sandwich the rotating disk θ1).
A plurality of magnetic poles having excitation coils disposed in B have an inclined surface (12a) parallel to the surface of the rotating disk 0υ, which faces the rotating disk 01) of these magnetic poles.

Note that the other configurations are the same as those of the prior art, so explanations will be omitted.

Next, the operation will be explained. When the vehicle body (1) is empty, the centers of the rotating disk (111) and the magnetic pole 02 are aligned, and when the vehicle body (1) becomes an actual vehicle, the cushioning material (6) shrinks and the entire vehicle body sinks. Therefore, since the magnetic pole (2) also sinks, the air gap 0 shown in Fig. 6 becomes interposed, and even though the excitation ampere turn is constant, the field magnetic flux increases, and as shown by the curve (a) in Fig. 5, the car body Curve (b) depending on the subsidence
(C) This increases the braking torque, making it easier to automatically maintain the required deceleration.

In this embodiment, one braking device using a rotating disk is provided between the wheels, but in some cases, one axle may be provided with a plurality of braking devices. Further, although this embodiment shows the case where the magnetic pole is located above the axle, it can also be installed below the axle if there is no particular problem.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, the disc-shaped rotating disk fixed to the axle and the opposing magnetic pole surfaces are not perpendicular to the axle but are formed at an angle, so that the braking force is adjusted according to the total vehicle weight. This has the effect that automatic adjustment can be easily and inexpensively performed.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 4 show a conventional braking device for a running vehicle, with Figure 1 being a bottom view of the vehicle and Figure 2 being the same as Figures 1 - ■.
3 is a front view showing the main parts of the braking device in FIG. 2, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV and -IV in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a diagram showing braking torque and rotational speed. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 3 in one embodiment of the present invention. (1)...Vehicle body, (2)...Vehicle, (3)...Wheels, (5)...Bearings, (6)...Cushioning material, (7)...
Rail, (9)...Yoke, αO..., Support, 01
)...rotating disk, (lla)...slanted part, θ→...
Magnetic pole, (12a)...slanted part. In addition, in the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts. Agent Masuo Oiwa Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] An axle having running wheels fixed to both ends thereof and a disc-shaped rotating disk fixed between these running wheels, a vehicle body supported by the axle via a cushioning material, and a predetermined gap sandwiching the rotating disk. A magnetic pole having a field coil arranged symmetrically through the vehicle body and fixed to a support provided on the lower surface of the vehicle body is provided, and by supplying an excitation current to the magnetic pole, an eddy current is generated in the rotating disk. In a braking device for a running vehicle that generates braking force,
The rotating disk is formed to have inclined portions on both sides so that the center side is thicker and the outer peripheral side is thinner, and an inclined surface parallel to the surface of the rotating disk is also formed on the end face of the magnetic pole facing the rotating disk. A braking device for a traveling vehicle characterized by: