JPS60149681A - Material which can be deformed by application of electric current - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable a force to be readily applied to filling or an object by a simple operation comprising only switching on an electric circuit, by utilizing a force generated when an elastic material is reverted to its original form by lowering the binding force of a restraining material. CONSTITUTION:An elastic material 1 molded in an appropriate shape is deformed into a form capable of facilitating operation, and is restrained as such by a restraining material 2 which loses a binding force at a high temp., such as a thermoplastic material. An electrical resistance wire 3 is arranged in the restraining material 2 so as to electrically heat it, and a contact material 4 in contact with the surrounding materials by the force of the elastic material 1 is provided. Depending on the kind of materials, the material 1 can be directly electrified, or a conductor is mixed with the restraining material 2 to form the electrical resistance wire 3, or a conductor such as a metal is arranged around the material 2 to allow it to function as the wire 3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is primarily concerned with a material for filling gaps in civil engineering and architectural structures. However, it can also be used in other fields to seal gaps that occur in areas that require airtightness, to fill areas that are difficult to fill due to high pressure, and to apply force to objects in such areas. It is something.

Traditionally, to fill or make a gap airtight, a rubbery material is forced into the gap so that it elastically conforms to the surrounding undulations, or a filler material in the form of a veneer is filled and cured. methods were used.

In the former method, forcing the filler into a narrow gap is
This can be difficult depending on the location; for example, in order to make a joint of a humid pipe watertight by putting a rubber seal on it, it is first necessary to wrap the rubber seal around the male part and push it into the female part using a jack. This work was often carried out deep underground or in areas with weak soil, requiring quick and skilled work in confined spaces, and was also dangerous. In addition, sealing materials such as rubber pads are often used by press-fitting into the gaps to connect concrete panels together and make the space between them watertight or to fix window glass to the window frame. In areas with poor working conditions, such as outdoors or underwater, it is difficult to forcefully press-fit the material to make it watertight, and requires skill and special equipment.

On the other hand, in the latter method using Venist, it is difficult to fill watertightly because most of the filling materials shrink during curing, and filling materials that shrink less are expensive and difficult to handle and manage. There were some. There is also a method of foaming Benist to ensure filling, but when filling by foaming, it is difficult to give directionality to the pressing force applied to the filler, and the material may escape in unnecessary directions. There is a limit to the pressure, and even if the plastic material expands due to foaming, the plastic material deforms itself due to its plasticity when it receives pressure from the surroundings, so watertight filling that presses against the surroundings is not possible. was difficult.

The present invention is a material used in a filling method that compensates for the above-mentioned drawbacks, and does not require special equipment or equipment at the filling work site, nor does it require skilled techniques, and does not require force to be applied to filling or objects. To provide a material that can be quickly turned on by simply turning on an energizing switch.

To describe the general configuration of an example of its implementation, the first
As shown in the figure, an elastic material 1 molded into an appropriate shape is fixed with a restraining material 2 while being deformed into a shape convenient for work. For the restraining material 2, a material such as a thermoplastic material that loses its binding force at high temperatures is used. An electric resistance wire 3 is arranged in the restraint material 2 so that the restraint material 2 can be heated by electricity, and a contact material 4 is provided which receives the force of the elastic material 1 and comes into contact with surrounding objects. It is. Depending on the material conditions, the elastic material 1 may be directly energized, or a conductor may be mixed into the restraint material 2 to form an electrical resistance wire 3 for electrical heating.
A conductor such as a metal may be placed around it to act as the electrical resistance wire 3. Also, the contact material 4 may be filled with a material that has an adhesive force that is more suitable for applying force to the object. The desired function can be further improved by selecting a material with adhesive strength, elasticity, etc. Regarding the thermal properties when the restraining material 2 is heated, the elastic material 1 has an extremely high modulus of elasticity. For example, it is sufficient that the elastic modulus of the constraining material 2 simply decreases at high temperatures, and if the elastic modulus of the elastic material 1 is extremely low, the constraining material 2 must melt or break at high temperatures.

To use the present invention, it is sufficient to fix the device at the location where the desired filling or force effect is to be utilized, and to apply electricity at the desired time.

The material that was being restrained by the electric heat generated by electricity is heated and softened, the binding force weakens, and the deformed material tries to return to its original shape. This can be used to ensure reliable filling and to apply pressure to the object. It can be made to act.

The characteristics of some application examples of the present invention are as follows.

The first example is applied to the case where a filler is filled into the gap between the male and female parts of a hume pipe in order to make the joint part of the hume pipe watertight. In this case, as shown in Fig. 2, the present invention involves compressing a steel helical spring obliquely and flattening it so that the loops overlap each other to form a tape-like elastic material 1. Manufactured by hardening it with the restraining material 2. This elastic material 1 also serves as an electrical resistance wire 3, and the restraining material 2 also serves as a contact material 4.

The method of using the first example of the present invention is as shown in FIG. The asphalt restraining material 2 is heated to 70 degrees Celsius or higher to soften it. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the present invention expands and deforms, the material 1 returns to the shape before being crushed, and the softened asphalt restraining material 2 is pressed against both the male and female surfaces of the fume pipe. When the asphalt restraint material 2 is cooled to room temperature, it hardens in its original shape, completing a watertight filling. At this time, by reinforcing the asphalt with fibers or nets made of a heat-resistant material such as glass fiber or slag wool, desired properties can be easily imparted to the restraining material. For example, restraint material 2 made of straight asphalt reinforced with glass fiber cloth.
By using the elastic material 1, even if the heating or softening is uneven, the elastic material 1 using the springs will not jump out or move towards the reader, and the female part 6 will be pressed against the surrounding area with an even force. Since it can adapt to the undulations of the surface inside the pipe, it has been possible to further improve the watertightness of the joint.

The second example is an application of the present invention to make the abutting surfaces of two concrete panels watertight. First, an elastic material 1, which is a helical spring made of steel, is tightly wound and thinned and restrained with a restraining material 2 made of asphalt mixed with glass fiber, and then wrapped around it with a contact material 4 made of a thin film of straight asphalt. A material 1 is made that also serves as an electrical resistance wire 3. As shown in Fig. 5, this is molded into a cylindrical shape that can be inserted loosely into the groove 8 provided on the end face of the panel 7, and it is left in the groove 8 with a dot after the panel has been fixed in position. When the spring is energized, it is possible to easily obtain a temperature of over 90 degrees Celsius, and as that heat is transferred to the asphalt, the binding force weakens, and as shown in Figure 6, the spring deforms as if the coil has loosened and expanded. , the softened asphalt restraining material 2 and the straight asphalt contact material 4 completely fill the gaps between the panels. In such cases, if an expanding material such as granular styrene is mixed inside the spring, and the material is foamed and hardened during the threading period after the winding of the spring has loosened, it will cause the winding to loosen. The resulting internal cavity is filled with foam material, further improving watertightness.

The third example uses the present invention in which materials with high elastic modulus and strength are used for the elastic material 1 and the restraining material 2 in the second example above. This is applied to filling. The elastic material 1 is made by stacking two spring plates molded into irregular shapes like ribs.The bulge formed when stacked is strongly crushed, tied with a restraining material 2 made of vinyl chloride string, and the surrounding area is covered with glass fiber. Wrapping it with asphalt contact material 4 reinforced with
When heated to over 90 degrees Celsius, the restraining material 2 softens due to the heat, and the elastic material 1 swells, pressing the contact material 4 against the wall hole, so it can be used even when water is gushing out from the hole. It is a strong water-stopping filler that can The water-stopping effect can be further improved by changing the materials and shapes of the elastic material 1 and restraint material 2 depending on the material of the wall, the size of the holes, and the water pressure. Moreover, the time required for the filling operation can be shortened by lowering the softening point of the material of the restraining material 2 or increasing the amount of heat generated by electric heating.

The fourth example is used when attaching plate glass to a frame, and is made by sewing an elastic material 1 made of a rubber plate material with a relatively high softening point into a cylindrical shape with a string-like restraining material 2 of vinyl chloride. The electrical resistance wire 3 made of iron wire is arranged along the seam, and the elastic material 1 also serves as the contact material 4. When initially installed, there is a gap between the plate glass and the groove in the frame, so the present invention is placed in this gap, the electrical resistance wire 3 is energized, and the restraining material 2 is heated to 90 degrees Celsius or higher, which softens it. The elastic material 1 deforms in the gap so that the diameter of the tube increases, pushing the glass sheet to the opposite side, so that
There is no gap in the groove, and force is applied to fix it so that it does not move.

The fifth example is one whose main purpose is to exert power. The elastic material 1 is made into a rigid and strong material like metal,
If the restraining material 2 has a relatively low melting point but high strength, it is possible to easily apply a strong force for pushing or pulling the object. That is, the present invention can be used for static crushing and anchoring by inserting the present invention into cracks in rocks, concrete, etc. and applying a pushing force to the surrounding area. In this case, controlling the operation by energizing facilitates remote operation and avoids dangerous work. In addition, in static crushing, cracks can be prevented by controlling the softening rate of the restraint material by adjusting the amount of current applied, or by combining multiple units of the present invention and controlling the heating start order and heating time. While observing the occurrence and growth, effective work can be carried out in accordance with the actual progress of destruction. On the other hand, when the elastic material 1 is restrained in tension, it can also be used as a power source for tensile force.

As described above, the present invention has a simple structure, and makes it possible to quickly and reliably fill complex shapes and narrow gaps with the simple operation of energizing at a desired time. The deformation is used to produce effects such as making it possible to apply a controllable force to the object.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings do not show the embodiments of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general configuration of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional perspective view of the present invention when applied to a Huyum pipe joint. , Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the construction of the Huyum pipe joint, Fig. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the present invention in the middle of expansion during the construction of the Huyum pipe joint, and Fig. 5 is the application of the present invention to the joint of panels. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a joint in the preparation stage, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a joint after heating and expansion when the present invention is applied to a panel joint. 11, the elastic material 2 is the restraint material 3, the electrical resistance wire 4 is the contact material 5 is the male part of the Huum tube joint, 6 is the female part 7 is the panel, 8
is the panel groove

Claims (1)

[Claims] An elastic material 1 is molded into an appropriate shape, deformed into a shape convenient for construction and work by applying force, and then restrained using a restraining material 2 to maintain the same shape. The restraint material 2 has the necessary elasticity and strength at room temperature or the temperature at which the material is normally handled or used, and when the temperature is raised beyond that range, the elastic material 1 is restrained during that time. The restraining material 2 is made of a material that loses its elasticity and strength, and an electric resistance wire 3 is provided as a means of energizing and heating the restraining material 2.
The contact material 4 placed around the elastic material 1 is deformed into the desired shape by heating the elastic material 1 and reducing the restraining force of the restraining material 2, thereby utilizing the force generated when the elastic material 1 returns to its original shape. A material that deforms when energized, and is characterized by the ability to apply force to the surrounding area through the material.