JPS6011725Y2 - AC generator voltage control device - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to an improvement in a voltage control device that controls the power supply state of a load such as a battery lamp that is supplied with power by the output of an alternating current generator.

This type of device is used for the voltage control of capacitive loads such as battery lamps powered by an alternator, e.g. a three-phase magnet generator, and the control means are three-phase It consists of a bridge rectifier circuit, and when the load voltage increases due to the power supplied from the generator, the three thyristors turn off at an appropriate time and operate to reduce the supplied power. When the voltage approaches the control voltage of the thyristor more and more, and finally reaches the same level as the control voltage, one of the three thyristors will bear the final power supply.

At this time, when the generator rotates at high speed, the thyristor conduction angle reaches 360°, making it impossible to turn off the thyristor responsible for the last power supply, and the load voltage is completely uncontrolled. This causes problems such as damage to the load.

The present invention provides an excellent voltage control device for an alternating current generator that eliminates the above problems.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described in detail below.

In the figure, 1 is a three-phase magnet generator, and 3 is a three-phase Y-connected generator.
Two phase windings2. 3. It has 4.

5, 6. Reference numeral 7 designates three diodes connected to the negative side of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, and reference numerals 8, 9, and 10 designate three thyristors connected to the positive side of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit.

Note that the phase winding 2 is connected to the connection point between the cathode of the diode 5 (hereinafter referred to as A) and the anode of the thyristor 8 (hereinafter referred to as A).
The output end of phase winding 3 is connected to the connection point between diode 6 K and thyristor 9 A, and the output end of phase winding 4 is connected to the connection point between diode 7 K and thyristor 10 A. and diode 5. 6. All A of 7 are connected to the negative side of the battery 30 and one end of the load 31, and the thyristors 8 and 9 are connected to the negative side of the battery 30 and one end of the load 31.
．． 10 K are all connected to the positive side of the battery 30 and the other end of the load 31.

11, 12 and 13 are commutation capacitors connected between A- of thyristor 8°9.10, 14 and 15, respectively.
．． 16 are resistors 17, 18, .
19 is a diode, A is connected to each output terminal of the phase winding 2.3.4, and K is connected to each other.

20, the collector (hereinafter referred to as C) is the diode 17
．． The emitter (hereinafter referred to as E) is connected to the G of thyristors 8 and 9.10 via diodes 23, 24.25, and the base (hereinafter referred to as B) is connected to K of 1.8.19. A transistor which is a first semiconductor switch is connected to the negative side of the battery 30 via a voltage diode 21, 22 is a transistor connected between C and B of the transistor 20, 26 is a diode 7 with K connected to A, and K connected to the negative side of the battery 30; niA
is connected, and G is a second semiconductor switch connected to the positive side of the battery 30 via a constant voltage diode 27 and a resistor 28, and this thyristor 26
A resistor 29 is connected between G- and G-.

The operation of this embodiment will be explained in detail using the waveform diagram shown in FIG.

First, each phase winding 2 is rotated by rotating the generator 1.
, 3.4, when the voltage of the battery 30 is below the specified value, the power generated in the A- of the diode 17, 18, 19,
between C and E of transistor 20, and diode 23.
24 and 25 A- through the thyristor 8, respectively.
G of 9.10° is supplied as a gate current.

Then, since the thyristors 8, 9, and 10 are turned on, each phase winding 2. 3. The phase current shown at 8 in Fig. 2 generated at 4 is full-wave rectified, and the current shown at the opening in Fig. 2 that energizes each thyristor 8, 9, and 10 is synthesized and is shown in A in Fig. 2. This becomes a pulsating current, and this current causes the battery 3 to
0 is charged and the load 31 is powered.

Note that the energization of C-E of the transistor 20 is because the base current is supplied to B by the resistor 22.

In this case, the start of charging the battery 30 by the generator 1 is as follows:
Y-connected windings for each phase 2. 3. The sum of the generated voltages of 4 is the voltage across diode 17, (1B or 19), between C and E of transistor 20, and between diode 23, (24 or 25).
, G- of thyristor 8 (9 or 10), the voltage drop begins when the voltage drop occurs in the series circuit consisting of battery 30 and diode 5 (6 or 7).

As the power supply progresses, the voltage of the battery 30 increases, and the voltage drop between the power supply voltage of the battery 30, the voltage drop between B and E of the transistor 20, the voltage drop of the diode 23 (24 or 25), and the voltage drop of the thyristor 8 (9 or 10). ) exceeds the zener voltage of the constant voltage diode 21, the base current of the transistor 20 is cut off, so no current flows between C and E, and the transistor 20 is turned off.

Therefore, since no gate current flows into the thyristor 8 (9 or 10), the thyristor 8 (9 or 10) is turned off, and as a result, the power supply from each phase winding 2, 3.4 to the battery 30 and load 31 is stopped.

It is clear from the above operation that when the power supply voltage of the battery 30 falls below the specified value, the transistor 20 is naturally turned on again, so that power supply to the battery 30 and the load 31 is started.

Now, the operation of the battery 30 during a transition from power supply to power stop will be explained in more detail using the waveform diagrams shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

First, the waveform diagram of the current in each part of the circuit during 100% power supply is shown in FIG.

That is, when the power supply voltage of the battery 30 increases, the transistor 20 is turned off. For example, the transistor 20 is turned off near the rising edge of the b phase, and the thyristor 9.
If it is turned off, the B-phase current shown at the beginning of FIG. 2 will no longer flow, and the power supply voltage of the battery 30 will drop again. The C-phase current shown in will flow.

However, if the voltage of the battery 30 decreases in an extremely short period of time, the transistor 20 may turn on earlier and the b-phase current may begin to flow.

Or, conversely, if the voltage drop is slow, the C phase and a' phase may not flow either.

In this way, in response to the voltage of the battery 30, power is repeatedly supplied or stopped to the battery 30 and the load 31 by the output of each phase winding 2, 3.4.

However, when one or two of the three thyristors 8, 9, and 10 are turned off and the power supply to the battery 30 and the load 31 from the power generation output of any phase winding is stopped, the power supply of the phase windings other than the one that has been stopped is The conduction current is larger than the current value during 100% power supply when all phase windings are energized, and the conduction angle is increased.

This is due to the influence of the armature reaction of the generator 1, and the rate of increase in the current value and conduction angle is larger when two thyristors are off than when one thyristor is off, and the It is larger at high rotation than at low rotation in No. 1.

This state will be explained in further detail using FIG.

That is, when the generator rotates at low speed, the current flowing through each phase winding 2.3.4 has a waveform width difference as shown by the dotted line in the figure if all three thyristors 8, 9.10 are in the on state. On the other hand, the load voltage increases and the three thyristors 8 and 9
．． Two out of 10 are turned off, and if thyristor 8
If only thyristors 9 and 10 are in the on state, the waveform in the negative direction of phase winding 2 (lower in the figure) and the waveform in the positive direction (in the upper direction in the figure) of phase windings 3 and 4 are the OFF state of thyristors 9 and 10. is cut by.

Therefore, the positive and negative waveforms a and b that are continuous to the cut waveform are
, c are no longer affected by the phase delay caused by the cut waveform, and are also affected by the armature reaction, so that the rising time of waveform a, c advances by a predetermined period.
The widths of the waveforms b and c are cherry blossoms.

Therefore, when these positive and negative waveforms a, b, and c are synthesized, the width of the waveform becomes large as t3, as shown by d in the figure, and the combined current is energized only to the thyristor 8, and the battery 30 and the load 3
1.

Therefore, when the generator 1 rotates at high speed, each phase winding 2.3.
The output current of No. 4 further increases, and the al
, bl, and C□, and the width of the waveform becomes t, and the combined current, that is, the current passing through the thyristor 8, becomes dl shown by the dashed line in the figure, and the width of the waveform becomes pure, Moreover, the waveform exhibits a continuous waveform that never drops to zero level.

In this case, since the width of the waveform of the composite current flowing through the thyristor 8 is t, which is 13 or more, even if the gate current to the thyristor 8 is cut off by increasing the load voltage and turning off the transistor 20, the thyristor 8 is Since the composite current d, which is greater than the holding current for turning on, is continuously flowing, the thyristor 8 continues to maintain the on state.

Therefore, the power supply current of the battery 30 increases significantly, a high voltage is applied to the load 31, and this state continues until the rotation of the generator 1 decreases.

This phenomenon occurs not only when the generator 1 rotates at a high speed, but also when the generator 1 rotates at a similar medium speed.
, 10 also appears.

Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention uses thyristor 8.9. When only one of the batteries 30 and 10 remains on, the battery 30
detects that the power supply voltage has reached a voltage higher than the specified value, and energizes the thyristor 8, 9, or 10 by short-circuiting the energizing current of at least one of the phase windings 2, 3, and 4. The combined current value is reduced to zero level, and the thyristor 8, 9, or 10 is turned off when forced to protect the battery 30 and the load 31.

That is, when the power supply voltage of the battery 30 reaches a voltage higher than the specified value, the resistor 28 is connected to the gate of the thyristor 26.
Since the gate current flows through the constant voltage diode 27, it is reversed from off to on.

When this thyristor 26 is turned on, the current in the reverse direction of the combined current d1 flowing through the thyristor 8, that is, the windings 2 and 3 of each phase.
．． The output current of 4 is connected to each diode 5 by the thyristor 26.
, 6.7, the current flowing through the thyristor 8 becomes less than the original holding current and is forcibly turned off, thus stopping power supply to the battery 30 and the load 31.

When this power supply is stopped, the power supply voltage of the battery 30 naturally decreases, the gate current disappears, and since the reverse voltage is applied by the phase winding 2, it is turned off, and the thyristors 8, 9, and 10 are turned off. It is controlled on/off and starts energizing.

FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

This embodiment differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that a thyristor 26' equivalent to the thyristor 26 is connected between the lines of the three-phase bridge rectifier circuit.

Even in such a circuit, if the thyristor 8 continues to be in the on state, it will detect that the power supply voltage of the battery 30 has become abnormally high, and the thyristor 8 will be forcibly turned off by turning on the thyristor 26'. I can force it.

Note that the connection positions of the thyristors 26 and 26' are not limited to the embodiments.

Further, similar effects can be achieved with generators other than the magnet generator 1.

As described above, when using the series control method to control the output of an alternator, this circuit is designed to prevent one of the three thyristors connected to each phase of the three-phase bridge from being energized. When the battery's power supply voltage rises abnormally, a second semiconductor switch that operates in response to this is connected in parallel to one of the diodes of each phase of the three-phase bridge or between the lines of the three-phase bridge. By connecting the thyristor, the output of the generator was bypassed and the thyristor, which had been kept in the on state, was forced to turn off, resulting in damage caused by abnormal charging of the battery caused by the on state of the thyristor. To provide an excellent voltage control device that can of course prevent load deterioration and damage.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an operating waveform diagram of the circuit shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a three-phase magnet generator, 5. 6.7 is a diode, 8, 9, 10, 26, 26' is a thyristor, 20
is a transistor, 21.27 is a constant voltage diode, 30
is a battery, and 31 is a load. Note that the same reference numerals in each figure indicate corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The three windings of a three-phase Y-wired alternator, these three
It consists of three series circuits of a thyristor and a diode connected in series, each corresponding to one winding, and the output end of each of the windings is connected to each connection point of the series circuit of the thyristor and the diode. A three-phase bridge rectifier circuit, a load connected to the output end of this rectifier circuit and supplied with power, turns on and off according to the output voltage values of the three windings, controls the three thyristors on and off, and supplies the load to the load. a first semiconductor switch that controls the power supply state of the load, and short-circuits at least one of the three windings when the voltage applied to the load becomes higher than the voltage to which the first semiconductor switch responds; A voltage control device for an alternator with a second semiconductor switch.