JPS5993883A - Chromating process of galvanized steel plate - Google Patents
Chromating process of galvanized steel plateInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5993883A JPS5993883A JP20096882A JP20096882A JPS5993883A JP S5993883 A JPS5993883 A JP S5993883A JP 20096882 A JP20096882 A JP 20096882A JP 20096882 A JP20096882 A JP 20096882A JP S5993883 A JPS5993883 A JP S5993883A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- replenisher
- chromate treatment
- amount
- amt
- steel plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract 5
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000004532 chromating Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 dichromate ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CMMUKUYEPRGBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L dichromic acid Chemical compound O[Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr](O)(=O)=O CMMUKUYEPRGBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/77—Controlling or regulating of the coating process
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は亜鉛系めっき鋼板のクロメート処理方法に係り
、特に亜鉛系めっき鋼板のクロメート処理におけるＣｒ
付着量を制御するクロメート処理方法に関するものであ
る。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for chromate treatment of zinc-based plated steel sheets, and particularly to a method for chromate treatment of zinc-based plated steel sheets.
This invention relates to a chromate treatment method for controlling the amount of adhesion.
鋼板、例えば亜鉛系めっき鋼板のクロメート処理には、
大きく分けて反応タイプ、塗布タイプおよび電解タイプ
がある。For chromate treatment of steel sheets, such as zinc-plated steel sheets,
There are roughly three types: reaction type, coating type, and electrolytic type.
これらのうち、反応タイプは、スプレー法或いはディッ
プ法によシ、処理時間に比例したＣｒ付着（」が得られ
、容易でかつ経済的であるので現在最も多く使われてい
る。反応タイプの場合、Ｃｒ付着ｌを決める因子として
は、処理時間の他に温度、ｐ）ＩｓＣｒ’十 濃度、Ｃ
ｒ３＋ 製置、ｚｎ２＋波度、５０４２−やＦ−等の添
加物濃度等が挙げられる。従来は、温度、ｐＩ（、Ｇ添
加物イオンの濃度について、連続測定或いは分析を行な
い、これらが一定になるように管理する方法をとってい
る。Among these, the reaction type is the most commonly used at present because it is easy and economical to obtain Cr deposition in proportion to the treatment time using the spray method or dip method. In addition to treatment time, the factors that determine Cr adhesion are temperature, p)IsCr' concentration, and C
Examples include r3+ setting, zn2+ wave degree, and concentration of additives such as 5042- and F-. Conventionally, temperature, pI(, and concentration of G additive ions) are continuously measured or analyzed and managed so that these are constant.
しかしながら、長時間の連続処理の場合、各成分の濃度
には少なからぬ変動があシ、安定して一定のクロメート
付着量を維持することは非常に難しかった。However, in the case of continuous treatment for a long time, the concentration of each component fluctuates considerably, making it extremely difficult to maintain a stable amount of chromate deposited.
本発明は、反応タイプのクロメート処理において、長時
間の連続処理の場合においても、容易に一定のＣｒ付着
量を維持することができる亜鉛系めっき鋼板のクロメー
ト処理方法を提供することを目的としたものである。The present invention aims to provide a method for chromate treatment of zinc-based plated steel sheets that can easily maintain a constant amount of Cr even in the case of long-term continuous treatment in reactive type chromate treatment. It is something.
本発明は、クロメート処理液に、必要とするＣｒ付着量
の設定値から予め求められるＪ（”の消費量に対応した
Ｈ＋を補給することを特徴とする鋼板のクロメート処理
方法、を要旨とするものである。The gist of the present invention is a method for chromate treatment of a steel sheet, which is characterized in that a chromate treatment solution is supplied with H+ corresponding to the consumption amount of J('', which is determined in advance from a set value of the required amount of Cr deposited. It is something.
以下本発明の詳細な説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below.
亜鉛系めっき鋼板のクロメート処理におけるクロメート
被膜の生成機構は一般に次のように解釈されている。The formation mechanism of a chromate film in the chromate treatment of zinc-based plated steel sheets is generally interpreted as follows.
即ち、クロメート液中に亜鉛系めっき鋼板を浸漬すると
、鋼板のめつき層の表面が溶解（亜鉛溶解）シ、水素を
発生する。しかして、この水素によシ、めっき層表面付
近で重クロム酸イオンとクロム酸イオンの還元反応が起
こり、この亜鉛溶解と還元反応とによシ、めっき層表面
付近のｐＨが上昇して水酸化クロムを主体とした不溶性
のクロメート被膜が生成するのである。That is, when a zinc-based plated steel plate is immersed in a chromate solution, the surface of the plated layer of the steel plate dissolves (zinc dissolves) and generates hydrogen. As a result of this hydrogen, a reduction reaction between dichromate ions and chromate ions occurs near the surface of the plating layer, and as a result of this zinc dissolution and reduction reaction, the pH near the surface of the plating layer increases. An insoluble chromate film consisting mainly of chromium oxide is formed.
この反応のマスバランスは次式のようになる。The mass balance of this reaction is as follows.
４Ｚ？ｌ＋１８１１ ＋Ｃｒ２０ｔ ＋ＣｒＯ４＝
４Ｚｎ＋Ｃｒ （ＯＨ） ｓ”ｃ ｒ （Ｏｆ−Ｉ）Ｃ
ｒｏ４＋７Ｉ−Ｔｚ ０従って、３Ｃｒを得るのに１８
Ｈ＋を消費することになる。4Z? l+1811 +Cr20t +CrO4=
4Zn+Cr (OH) s”cr (Of-I)C
ro4+7I-Tz 0 Therefore, 18 to obtain 3Cr
This will consume H+.
本発明はクロメート処理液に、必要とするＣｒ付着ｊｆ
から、予め求められるＨ＋消費量に対応したＨ＋を補給
するものであるが、単位時間当りに得られる処理鋼板の
Ｃｒ付着量は、ラインによる処理の場合、ライン速度と
鋼板の板幅によって決まシ、次式によって表わされる。The present invention provides the necessary Cr adhesion jf to the chromate treatment solution.
Therefore, H+ corresponding to the H+ consumption determined in advance is replenished. However, in the case of line treatment, the amount of Cr deposited on the treated steel sheet obtained per unit time is determined by the line speed and the width of the steel sheet. , is expressed by the following equation.
７／ ＝ ２ ａ Ｘ Ｌ
従ってこの式及び上記した化学反応式から、単位時間当
シのＨ＋の消費量Ｚ Ｕｍｇ／ｍｉｎ ３は（但し、ク
ロムの原子量を５２、水車の原子量を１とする）
で表わされることとなる。7/= 2 a It will be expressed as
本発明では、この原理に基づきクロメート処理液に予め
求められるＨ＋の消費量に対応するｆ（＋を補給しよう
というものである。In the present invention, based on this principle, the chromate treatment solution is supplied with f(+ corresponding to the consumption amount of H+ determined in advance).
なお、Ｈ＋の補給のための補給剤のｐＨをｐとした場合
、補給剤の補給量Ｆ 〔１／ｍｉ ｎ コは下記■式に
より求められる。Note that when the pH of the replenishment agent for replenishing H+ is p, the replenishment amount F [1/min] of the replenishment agent is determined by the following formula (2).
このように、ライン速度又と、板幅りと、補給補給剤の
補給量Ｆが求められ、Ｈ＋の補給を自動的に制御するこ
とができる。本発明に２いては、このようにＨ＋の補給
剤の補給量Ｆを（ＩＩ）式によ逆演算し、自動制御する
ことによシ、クロメート処理におけるＣｒ付着量を自動
制御することができる。In this way, the line speed, the plate width, and the replenishment amount F of the replenishment agent are determined, and the replenishment of H+ can be automatically controlled. In the second aspect of the present invention, by inversely calculating the replenishment amount F of the H+ replenisher according to equation (II) and automatically controlling it, the amount of Cr deposited in the chromate treatment can be automatically controlled. .
なお、クロメート処理液へのＨ＋の］口給剤としては重
クロム酸、硫酸、ンツ敵など処理液と同成分の強酸なら
何でもよ−。この場合、処理液中の各成分が長時間の処
理において一定となるように補給剤の組成を決めるのが
望ましい。As an agent for feeding H+ into the chromate treatment solution, any strong acid with the same composition as the treatment solution may be used, such as dichromic acid, sulfuric acid, or sulfuric acid. In this case, it is desirable to determine the composition of the replenisher so that each component in the processing liquid remains constant over a long period of processing.
以上詳述した本発明方法の実施に好適な装置としては、
第１図にプロセスを示す如きものが挙げられる１、即ち
、循環ポンプ１ｏにょシ処理タンク１１に処理液を送る
クロメート処理液循環タンク８には、補給剤の補給タン
ク１から補給ポンプ２によシ補給剤が補給されるが、本
発明においては補給剤は鋼板の板幅検出器５、ライン速
度検出器６、Ｃｒ付着量設定器７および補給剤のｐ Ｈ
計９からのデータによシ、演算器４において補給剤の供
給針が演１１．され、その値に基づｂて、補給剤のｂｌ
ｔ ｆｋ調節−９′Ｐ３が開閉して、補給剤の供給計が
調節されるのである。Apparatuses suitable for implementing the method of the present invention detailed above include:
The process is as shown in FIG. In the present invention, the replenisher is supplied to the steel plate width detector 5, the line speed detector 6, the Cr adhesion amount setting device 7, and the pH of the replenisher.
Based on the data from Total 9, the supply needle of the replenisher in the computing unit 4 is set to 11. and based on that value, the bl of the replenisher
tfk adjustment-9'P3 opens and closes to adjust the supply meter of the replenisher.
以下に実施例により本発明を更に具体的にｉ況明するが
、本発明はその要旨を越えない限シ、以下の実施例に限
定されるものではな−。The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof.
実施例１
下り己表１のクロメート処理条件で亜鉛付層ｆｉｉ２０
ｇ／−の両面電気亜鉛めっき鋼板を連続１００時間本発
明法に従ってクロメート処理した。Example 1 Zinc coating fii20 under the chromate treatment conditions shown in Table 1
A double-sided electrogalvanized steel sheet of g/- was subjected to chromate treatment according to the method of the present invention for a continuous period of 100 hours.
１００時間における処理液のｐ ＨおよびＺ？＋濃度（
ｇ／ｌり変化と鋼板のＣｒ付着量（−ｑ／−２）の変化
を第２図に示す。また従来法によシ処理液のｐＨを一定
にした場合の結果を第３図に示す。pH and Z? of the treatment solution at 100 hours? +Concentration (
Figure 2 shows the change in g/l and the change in the amount of Cr deposited on the steel plate (-q/-2). Further, FIG. 3 shows the results when the pH of the treatment solution was kept constant according to the conventional method.
表１ クロメート処理条件
第２図から明らかなように、本発明法に従えば連続１０
０時間の処理においても、一定のＣｒ付’Ｉｊ ”；ｘ
”（が得られる。一方第３図から明らかなように処理液
のｐ Ｈが一定になるように補給剤の補給量を調節する
従来方法では、処理液中のＺｎ’ｌＪＡ度の増加に伴な
いＣｒ付着量は減少し、経時変化している。Table 1 Chromate treatment conditions As is clear from Figure 2, according to the method of the present invention, the
Even in the 0-hour treatment, a constant Cr-attached 'Ij'';x
On the other hand, as is clear from Fig. 3, in the conventional method in which the amount of replenisher is adjusted so that the pH of the processing solution becomes constant, the amount of Zn'lJA in the processing solution increases. The amount of Cr attached decreases and changes over time.
このように本発明法でＣｒ伺着量がＺ？Ｌ濃度の増加に
より経時変化しない理由は、処理面のＺ？Ｌ濃朋が増加
ｉ〜、Ｃｒ付着量が減少した場合、当然ｉｔ＋の消費量
も減少するのに対し、本発明法では、１］標Ｃｒ付着量
に相当する分の１１１を補給しているので、１−１＋＜
Ｊ、”Ｊ度は増加し、その結果、処理液のｐ 、［（は
低下し、Ｃｒ付着附は増加することとな択目標Ｃｒ付着
ボ・まで戻った時、１■＋の消費“吊と補給量はバラン
スするので、ｐ１■は一定とな）、以上の現象を繰り返
してＣｒ付着量が一定となるためと考えられる。In this way, with the method of the present invention, the amount of Cr adhering can be reduced to Z? The reason why there is no change over time due to the increase in L concentration is the Z on the treated surface? When L concentration increases and Cr deposition amount decreases, naturally the consumption amount of it+ also decreases, whereas in the method of the present invention, 1] 111 corresponding to the target Cr deposition amount is replenished. Therefore, 1-1+<
J, "J" degree increases, as a result, p, [( of the processing solution) decreases, and Cr adhesion increases. This is thought to be because the amount of Cr deposited becomes constant by repeating the above phenomenon.
実施例２
表２に示す如き各種クロメート処理液および処理鋼板に
おいて、実施例１と同様に連続１００時間処理し、処理
液とＣｒ付着量の経時変化を表２に示した。Example 2 Various chromate treatment solutions and treated steel sheets as shown in Table 2 were treated continuously for 100 hours in the same manner as in Example 1, and Table 2 shows the changes over time in the treatment solutions and the amount of Cr deposited.
表２より本発明法に従えばクロメート処理液の濃度変化
があった場合にでも、自然にｐＹ■が変化し、Ｃｒ付着
量は一定となっていることが明らかである。It is clear from Table 2 that according to the method of the present invention, even if the concentration of the chromate treatment solution changes, pY■ naturally changes and the amount of Cr deposited remains constant.
表−２
以上詳述した通υ本発明によれば、クロメート処理液に
Ｈ＋を補給制御することにより、処理鋼板へのＣｒ・付
着量を安定して一定に維持することができ、処理製品の
品質を大幅に向上させることができる。また、Ｈ＋補給
量を演３′１． して Ｈ＋ ノ補給を自動制御するこ
とが可能であるので、工業的に極めて有利である。Table 2 According to the present invention as described in detail above, by controlling the supply of H+ to the chromate treatment solution, the amount of Cr/adhesion on the treated steel sheet can be stably maintained at a constant level, and the amount of Cr attached to the treated steel sheet can be maintained constant. Quality can be significantly improved. Also, the amount of H+ supply is expressed as 3'1. Since it is possible to automatically control the supply of H+, it is extremely advantageous industrially.
第１図は本発明方法の実施に好適な装置の概略を示すプ
ロセス図である。第２図および第３図は実施例１におけ
る処理液のＺｎ濃度とｐＨおよび処理鋼板へのＣｒ付着
量の経時変化を示すグラフであり、第２図は本発明法に
よる場合、第３図は従来法による場合を示す。
１・・・補給タンク、 ２・・・補給ポンプ、 ３
・・流量調節弁、 ４・・・演算器、 ５・・・板
幅検出器。
６・・・ライン速度検出器、 ７・・・Ｃｒ付着吊設
定器。
８・・・クロメート処理液循環タンク、 ９・・・ｐ
Ｈ計。
１０・・・循環ポンプ、 １１・・・処理タンク。FIG. 1 is a process diagram schematically showing an apparatus suitable for carrying out the method of the present invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are graphs showing changes over time in the Zn concentration and pH of the treatment solution and the amount of Cr deposited on the treated steel sheet in Example 1, FIG. A case using the conventional method is shown. 1... Replenishment tank, 2... Replenishment pump, 3
...Flow rate control valve, 4...Arithmetic unit, 5...Plate width detector. 6... Line speed detector, 7... Cr adhesion suspension setting device. 8...Chromate treatment liquid circulation tank, 9...p
H meter. 10... Circulation pump, 11... Processing tank.
Claims (5)
の設定値から予め求められるＨ＋の消費量に対応したＨ
＋を補給することを特徴とする亜鉛系めつき銅板のクロ
メート処理方法。(1) Add H to the chromate treatment solution corresponding to the amount of H+ consumed, which is determined in advance from the set value of the required Cr adhesion amount.
A method for chromate treatment of zinc-based plated copper plates, which is characterized by supplying +.
ロメート処理することを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１
項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板のクロメート処理方法。(2) Claim 1, characterized in that cyclomate treatment is performed by supplying zinc-based plated steel sheets on a line.
Chromate treatment method for galvanized steel sheet as described in .
とする特許請求の範囲第２項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板
のクロメート処理方法。 ＬＬ：鋼板の板幅(3) The method for chromate treatment of a zinc-based plated steel sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that the amount of H+ consumed is determined by the following equation. LL: Width of steel plate
ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項々いし第３項の
いずれか１項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板のクロメート処
理方法。(4) A method for chromate treatment of a galvanized steel sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that H+ is replenished using a replenishing solution containing H+. .
、Ｈ＋の補給量を自動調節することを特徴とする特許請
求の範囲第４項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板のクロメート
処理方法。 ０−ｐ Ｆ：補給液の流量ＣＩ！ ／ ｍｉｎ ３（ ｐ：補給液のＩ）Ｈ(5) The method for chromate treatment of a zinc-based plated steel sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that the amount of H+ replenishment is automatically adjusted by determining the flow rate of the replenishment liquid using the following formula (2). 0-p F: Replenishment fluid flow rate CI! / min 3 (p: I)H of replenishment liquid
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20096882A JPS5993883A (en) | 1982-11-16 | 1982-11-16 | Chromating process of galvanized steel plate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20096882A JPS5993883A (en) | 1982-11-16 | 1982-11-16 | Chromating process of galvanized steel plate |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5993883A true JPS5993883A (en) | 1984-05-30 |
Family
ID=16433306
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20096882A Pending JPS5993883A (en) | 1982-11-16 | 1982-11-16 | Chromating process of galvanized steel plate |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5993883A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62262675A (en) * | 1986-05-09 | 1987-11-14 | Canon Inc | Oscillatory wave motor |
-
1982
- 1982-11-16 JP JP20096882A patent/JPS5993883A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS62262675A (en) * | 1986-05-09 | 1987-11-14 | Canon Inc | Oscillatory wave motor |
| JPH0546194B2 (en) * | 1986-05-09 | 1993-07-13 | Canon Kk |
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