JPS5986814A - Control method for automatic combustion of refuse incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To normally maintain an excellent combustion condition and to enable complete combustion of refuse, by a method wherein the speed of a stroker and the amount of blast are automatically regulated so that ignition loss of ash in a refuse incinerator is normally held at below a specified value. CONSTITUTION:In a dry zone 2, combustion zones 3 and 4, and an after-combustion zone 5 of a step type refuse incinerator 1, radiation thermometers (a), (b), (c), and (d), such as silicon element radiation thermometers, are located facing stokers 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively, so that a temperature distribution condition in the flow firection of refuse in the incinerator is detected. Temperature energy signals, detected by the radiation thermometers (a), (b), (c), and (d), are respectively A/D-converted by an input device (e) to input them to an arithmetic unit (f), which operates them to input the results to an output device (g). The output device (g) D/A-converts the results to input the results to speed regulators 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 and an opening regulator 18..., and this regulates the speeds of the stokers 6, 7, 8, and 9 and a feeder 10 and the opening of a damper 17 and the like.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] It is about law.

Conventionally, garbage incinerators were used to incinerate all kinds of miscellaneous garbage.
Its operation relies on the operator's intuition. Recently, various combustion methods have been proposed for controlling combustion parameters in waste incinerators, but all of them have the drawback of causing large unevenness in the amount of ash burnt.

An object of the present invention is to provide a variable combustion control method that allows the loss of ash by burning in a garbage incinerator to always be below a certain value.

The gist of the present invention is (4) in a waste incinerator in which each of the drying zone, combustion zone, and post-combustion zone is provided with a stator force, and garbage is fed into the drying zone pressure feeder. Detect the temperature valve A11 status in the direction of waste flow in the incinerator using a radiation thermometer for each zone (~, (B)
The detection signal is processed by the input device, arithmetic device, and output device,
(The waste characterized by automatically adjusting the speed of the stoking force in each zone and the amount of air blown to the stoker as necessary so that the loss of ash by burning is always below a certain value. This is an automatic combustion control method in an incinerator.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

A first diagram showing a cross-sectional view of a waste incinerator implementing the method of the present invention.
In Fig. 1, a step-type waste incinerator is shown in which a drying stoker 6, an 18th combustion stoker 7, and a second combustion stoker are installed in each of the drying zone 2, combustion zones 3 and 4, and post-combustion zone 5, respectively. The drying zone 2 is equipped with a post-combustion stoker 9, and waste 11 is fed into the drying zone 2 by a feeder 1o. The stokers 6.7, 8.9 are each equipped with a speed regulator 12, 1314, 15'fI: and the feeder 1o is equipped with a speed regulator 16.

In addition, the stokers 6.7, 8.9 are each equipped with a damper with an open adjustment of the car. 17 is a damper with an opening adjuster 18 for the force 6;

Dampers for other stokers are not shown. Each band 2, 3, 4.5) - #6
．． 7+ 819. Radiation thermometers (a, b, c,
d is placed. e is an input device, f is an arithmetic device, and g is an output device. The temperature energy signals detected by the radiation thermometers a+b, c, and d are input to the input device e, A/D converted, and input to the arithmetic device f, where the arithmetic processing is performed and input to the output device g. Then, the output device g performs D/A conversion and outputs the speed controllers 12, 13.1+.

15.16 and the opening degree adjuster 18..., the speed # of the stokers 6.7, 8.9 and the feeder 10, as well as the opening degree of the damper 17, etc., are adjusted.

Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 2 showing a model temperature curve X of the present invention. Model temperature curve In Figure 2, 2, 3, 4.5u
Each i″L is the same band as shown in FIG. 1. xl
is the upper limit temperature value in the drying zone 2, x2/'i is the lower limit temperature value in the first combustion zone 3, o'/+ and y
2 is the reference temperature value and lower limit temperature value in the second combustion zone 4, respectively, and y3 is the burnout temperature value in the post-combustion zone 5. These xl l X2 + y+ + y
The temperature value of 2 + y3 is set in the calculation device f.

The values T+ and Ti measured by radiation thermometers a and b are calculated by comparing the magnitude of both temperatures and at the same time comparing the magnitude of both temperatures.
It detects the temperature level of Therefore, the combustion is controlled so that the combustion temperature in the drying zone 2 approaches the temperature shown in the model temperature curve X using the values T+ and T2 measured by the radiation thermometers a and b to achieve the model combustion state. is, T
All arithmetic units f determine whether or not the i condition of I < T2 Tl < They mutually adjust.

Temperatures T1 and T2 in drying zone 2 and combustion zone 3 are the second
As shown in the figure, when the three conditions mentioned above are satisfied, it is a model combustion state, which indicates that good combustion is occurring and the amount of fuel is 1L. Next, T1 is layered on top to become Tζ',
If 1i'>7['2 or Tζ'>X,
To indicate that combustible waste has been supplied, the damper 17 of the drying stoker 6 is closed to suppress combustion of the waste in the drying zone 2. Furthermore, the temperatures T, , and T2 in the drying zone 2 and combustion zone 3 decrease to TI' and TI, respectively, and even though Tr<T4, T'
If 2 < x2, the combustion in combustion zone 3 is gradually increasing, but the level is low and the combustion efficiency is decreasing. The speeds of the inter-drying stoker 6 and the first combustion stoker 7 are increased to thin the layer and increase the stirring effect to increase the combustion efficiency. Furthermore, at the same time, the operation of the feeder 10, the second combustion stoker 8, and the after-combustion stoker 9 is stopped for a period of time t1, and the garbage on the first second combustion stoker 8 and the after-combustion stoker 9, which are burning well, is cleaned. The system maintains a good condition, and as soon as TI rises and approaches X2V, each device of 8, 9, and 10 starts operating to return to the model combustion condition.

Next, in order to control the combustion so that the combustion temperature in the combustion zones 4 and 5 approaches the temperature shown in the model temperature curve X using the values T3 and T4 measured by the radiation thermometers c and d, T3>T
4, T3. so that the three conditions of 5'l>T3>y2 and y3>T4 are satisfied. If T satisfies the above three conditions, this indicates a model combustion state and good combustion is occurring. T3 is higher than yI
If Tf' is detected, this indicates that the combustion in the second combustion stoker 8 is too intense, in other words, the combustion efficiency of the garbage in the first combustion stoker 7 is decreasing. The feeder 10, the drying stalk 6, and the first
As the combustion stoker 7 decelerates, the air flow to the feeder 10, the drying stoker 6 and the first combustion stoker 7 is also regulated.

At the same time, the rough combustion stoker 9 stops at time t2, gives combustion time to the unburnt garbage supplied from the second combustion stoker 8, and completes combustion at OT, which is lower than y2. If this happens, it means that there is not enough garbage to burn on the second combustion stoker 8 and it is being stored. The speed of the feeder 10 is increased as it rises, increasing the total amount of feed given.

Next, if the temperature T4 in the after-combustion zone 5 is T3<actual' or '/s<Ti', the burn-out point has shifted to the end of the after-combustion stoker 9. ,
Since it becomes difficult to reduce the ignition loss of the incinerated ash to a certain value or less in the Hr period, the second combustion stoker 8 and the post-combustion stoker 9 are stopped by the detection of T', and the stoker 8.9 is stopped. The retention time of the combustion waste is extended, and the burnout point is moved to the middle of the post-combustion stoker 9.

As can be easily understood from the above explanation, in the case of non-invention, each stoker can be operated, stopped, and speed adjusted depending on the quality of the waste to be supplied and the combustion temperature of the waste on the stoker installed in the incinerator. Since the amount of air blown to the stoker is automatically adjusted, there is no need for operator's intuitive operation, and it is possible to maintain good combustion conditions at all times, and complete combustion is possible, reducing the amount of incinerated ash. can always be kept below a certain value.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a sectional view of a waste incinerator in which the entire method of the present invention is carried out;
FIG. 2 is a model combustion curve diagram. 1: Stepped garbage incinerator 2: Drying zone 3.4: Combustion zone 5: Post-combustion zone 6: Drying stoker 7: First combustion stoker 8, second combustion stoker
9: After-combustion stoker 10: Feeder 11: Garbage 12.13, 14, 15, 16: Speed regulator 17: Damper 18: Opening regulator a, b, c, d: Radiation thermometer e: Input device direct f , arithmetic device g:
Output device X: Model combustion curve Patent applicant Sanki Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A waste incinerator is provided with a stoker in each of a drying zone, an incineration zone, and a post-combustion zone, and waste is fed into the drying zone by a feeder. A radiation thermometer is used to detect the temperature distribution in the direction of waste flow inside the incinerator, and the detection signal is sent to an input device, arithmetic device,
Automatic combustion in a waste ash incinerator, characterized in that the speed of the stoker in each zone is automatically adjusted so that the burnt loss of the ash is always below a certain value. How to do it. 2. Garbage incineration according to claim 1, wherein the amount of air blown to the stoker in each of the drying zone, combustion zone, and post-combustion zone is automatically controlled based on a detection signal of the temperature distribution condition. A method for controlling variable combustion in a furnace.