JPS5980166A - Voltage regulator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stabilize the voltages supplied to a battery and a load in a simple circuit configuration by turning ON or OFF a switching element provided in a full-wave rectifying bridge corresponding to the variation in the voltage of the battery. CONSTITUTION:When a voltage between both terminals of a battery 18 is high, the collector voltage of a transistor TR22 varies in response to the difference between the battery voltage and the Zener voltage of a Zener diode 26. Accordingly, only a TR32(R) is turned ON. Accordingly, only a transistor 14(R) is fired, and only R-phase is supplied to the battery 18. When the voltage of the battery 18 decreases, the TR32 (S) is turned ON, and thyristors 14(R), 14(S) are fired. Therefore, the output of a generator 10 is supplied at the R-phase and S-phase to the battery 18. When the voltage of the battery further decreases, the TR32 (T) is turned ON, and 3-phases of R, S, T are supplied to the battery 32.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a voltage regulator that stabilizes the voltage supplied from a permanent magnet alternator to a battery and a load.

Conventionally, power generation devices for motorcycles and other devices have adopted a so-called phase control method in which a part of the waveform is cut using a thyristor to control the output of a permanent magnet alternator (alternator) that uses permanent magnets. However, in the conventional type, when a part of the waveform of the generator output is cut (the second output is grounded), it is difficult for the generator to connect the output end while the waveform is being cut. This meant that the power generator was short-circuited, increasing the load on the generator and further reducing the overall efficiency of the entire plant.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a voltage regulator that can stabilize the voltage supplied to a battery and a load with a relatively simple circuit configuration.

To achieve this object, the present invention provides a voltage regulator for rectifying and controlling the output voltage of a permanent magnet alternator to supply a stabilized voltage to batteries and loads connected in parallel with each other. A full-wave rectifier bridge circuit having a switching element for each phase of the output voltage of the generator, a comparator that outputs a voltage that changes depending on the difference between the battery voltage and a reference voltage, and an output of this comparator. and an opening/closing control circuit that opens and closes the switching element based on the configuration 1, so that at least a part of the phase of the output voltage is dropped when the battery voltage is excessive. The present invention will be described in detail below based on the illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an output waveform diagram thereof. In FIG. 1, the reference numeral 10 is a permanent magnet type three-phase alternating current generator, a 12G full-wave rectifier bridge circuit, and this bridge circuit 12 is connected to each phase R of the output of the generator 10,
Thyristor 14 as a switching element for ST
(R), 14(S), 14(T), and diode 16
, 16.16. 18 is a battery 20 is a load,
These batteries 18 and loads 20 are connected to this bridge circuit 12.
are connected in parallel to the output ends of.

22 is a PNP) transistor (hereinafter T) as a comparator.
R). The 'I'R 22 has its emitter connected to the positive pole of the battery 18, its collector connected to the negative pole of the battery 18 via a resistor 24, and its base connected to the negative pole of the battery 18 via a constant voltage diode 26. This diode 2
6 is connected in parallel with the battery 18 via a forward junction between the emitter and base of the TR 22, and the Zener voltage V(Z) of this diode 26 becomes the reference voltage.

28 is an opening/closing control circuit which opens and closes the thyristor 14 according to the output of the TR 22 serving as the comparator. This circuit 28
is a PNP interposed between the positive electrode of the battery 18 and the gate of the thyristor 14 (R))
2 (R), a constant voltage diode 30 (S) and P interposed between the positive electrode and the gate of the thyristor 14 (S).
With NP-TR32(S).

A constant voltage diode 30 (T) and a PNP-TR 3 interposed between the positive electrode and the gate of the thyristor 14 (T)
2(T).

The base of each TR32(R), 32(S), and 32(T) is connected to the collector of TR22 as the comparator. Here, the diode 30 (Tf""; ener voltage is
It is larger than the Zener voltage of diode 30(S).

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained. When battery 18° is fully charged and both Ha battery voltages V(B) are high (see Figure 2 (A)), T as a comparator
The base G of R22 is the Zener voltage of diode 26■
(Z), the collector potential of TR22 becomes the battery voltage V
It changes depending on the difference between (B) and this Zener Electric Works (Z). On the other hand, TR32(R), 32(S), and 32(T) are not turned on because they have diodes 30(S) and 30(T).
The operating voltage levels are different. That is, only TR32(R) is turned on, and the other TR32(S) and 32(T) are turned off. Therefore, only the thyristor 14 (R) is fired, and only the R phase is supplied to the battery 18. As a result, overcharging of the battery 8 is prevented. During this time, no current flows through the S and T phases, so the load on the generator 10 is reduced.

When the battery 18 voltage V(B) decreases, the collector potential of the TR 22 also decreases. Therefore, not only TR32, (R) but also TR32 (S) is turned on, and thyristor 14 (R) is turned on.
, 14(S) fires. Therefore, the output of the generator 10 is R
phase and S phase are supplied to the battery 18 (see FIG. 2(B)).
.

When the battery voltage V (B) further decreases, TR32 (T) also turns on, and the three phases R, S, 'T are supplied to the battery 18 (
(See 2nd tJ(C)).

FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment, and this embodiment differs from that of FIG. 1 in the opening/closing control circuit. That is, the opening/closing control circuit 28A is interposed between the collector of the PNP TR 40 whose emitter is connected to the positive electrode of the battery 18 and the base of each thyristor 14 (R), (S), and (T). diode 42 (R).

42(S), 42(T), and a resistor 44(R) interposed between the key-talk cathode of each silisk.

44 (S) and 44 (T), and the gate sensitivity of each thyristor 14 is differentiated by the resistor 44. For example, if the gate sensitivity of thyristors 14 (J), 14 (S), and 14 (T) is set to decrease in the order of ) is fired, and as the voltage V(B) decreases, thyristor 1
4(S) and 14(T) also start firing.

In the second embodiment, each thyristor 14(R)(S),
Although (T) has been described as having the same characteristics, the resistors 44 (R), (s), and (T) in FIG. 3 can be omitted by using thyristors with different gate sensitivities for each thyristor.

In addition, in the above explanation, each thyristor J4(R), (S
) and (T) are sequentially fired at different battery voltages, so that the battery charging voltage changes smoothly. However, in the present invention, each thyristor may be turned on and off all at once at a predetermined battery voltage.

Furthermore, the present invention is of course applicable to a device using a single-phase alternating current generator.

As described above, the present invention turns on and off the switching element provided in the full-wave rectifier circuit in response to fluctuations in battery voltage.
Since it is turned off, when the battery voltage is high, the battery can be charged with some phases of the generator output being omitted, or charging can be stopped by cutting off the gold phase.

Since the generator output end corresponding to the missing phase will be open, the generator will be in no-load operation for this missing phase. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to various vehicles, engine failures can be reduced and overall efficiency can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an output waveform diagram thereof, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of another embodiment. 10. Generator, 12. Bridge circuit, 14. Thyristor as a switching element, 18. Battery, 20.
Load, 22...Transistor as a comparator, 28.
28A...Opening/closing control circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A voltage regulator that rectifies and controls the output voltage of a permanent magnet alternator and supplies a stabilized voltage to batteries and loads connected in parallel with each other, for each phase of the output voltage of the generator. An aftereffect rectifier IJ circuit having a switching element, a comparator that outputs a voltage that changes according to the difference between the battery voltage and a reference voltage, and an opening/closing circuit that opens and closes the switching element based on the output of the comparator. A voltage regulator comprising: a control circuit, wherein at least some phases of the output voltage are dropped when the battery voltage is excessive.