JPS59578A - Swash plate type heat driven engine - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device that converts thermal energy into mechanical energy by utilizing the properties of shape memory alloys.

The shape memory effect, which is one of the properties of shape memory alloys, is literally the property of the material remembering its original shape.
This is a phenomenon in which something that has been deformed at a certain temperature or whose shape is changed returns to its original shape when the temperature is raised without any external force being applied. It is well known that this phenomenon is caused by thermoelastic martensitic transformation. A heat-driven engine is a typical device that extracts the restoring force of a shape memory alloy when it returns to its original shape as mechanical energy.

The temperature at which the martensitic transformation occurs can be arbitrarily set by appropriately selecting the composition, processing conditions, and heat treatment conditions of the shape memory alloy. It is also possible to cause the transformation and reverse transformation to occur in a temperature range of several tens of degrees Celsius. Thermal-driven engines using such shape memory alloys are powered by geothermal heat, factory exhaust heat,
Since it can effectively recover thermal energy such as solar heat or low-quality thermal energy from heated wastewater, it can be said to be an extremely effective means at a time when energy depletion is being called for.

FIG. 1 shows the structure of a conventionally proposed thermal single drive engine. A shape memory belt 3 made of shape memory alloy is hung between the boots IJ-1 and 2 of the same diameter, and the pulley 1
, 2 and drive pulleys 4 and 5 of mutually different diameters which are fixed coaxially with each other, a drive belt 6 made of a material that does not expand or contract due to heat is stretched. This heat-driven engine is
Pulley 1°2.4.5 radius R1, R2, R4, R5
It rotates counterclockwise when the relationship RI R5>R2R4 exists.

The torque characteristics of this heat-driven engine are as shown in Figure 2.
The characteristic curve in this figure is uniquely determined once the heating/cooling temperature and the ratio of each pulley are determined.

Therefore, once the heating/cooling temperature and the ratio of each pulley are determined, there is only one number of rotations for a predetermined load torque. In other words, this shows that it is impossible to change the rotation speed with the same load torque, and also that it is impossible to change the load torque without maintaining a constant rotation speed. There is.

As mentioned above, although conventional heat-driven engines can recover low-quality thermal energy, there are many disadvantages in terms of practical use, but it has been difficult to utilize all of the recovered energy effectively.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is capable of controlling the output, such as a heat-driven engine whose rotational speed is variable for the same load torque, or a drive engine that changes the load torque while maintaining the same rotational speed. The object of the present invention is to provide a thermally driven engine that obtains a thermally driven engine.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a swash plate type heat-driven engine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

3 is a partial side view of the swash plate type thermally driven engine according to the present invention, FIG. 4 is a partial plan view of the swash plate type thermally driven engine of FIG. 3 seen from above, and FIG. 5 is the same as that of FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view taken along arrow B in FIG. 3. FIG. In the above drawings, 7 is a rotating shaft, 8
is a rotating disk fixed to the rotating shaft. Reference numeral 9 denotes a swash plate having a hollow center, through which the rotating shaft 7 or the universal joint 10' passes through.

The swash plate 9 can be rotated in the horizontal direction by the operation of the support rod 11, as will be described later. The swash plate 9 has a rotating surface inclined diagonally with respect to the rotating shaft 7, and drives the rotating shaft 7 in an obliquely rotating state. A plurality of coil springs 12 made of a shape memory alloy such as T1Ni alloy or CuAlNi alloy are hung between the swash plate 9 and the rotating disk 80. This coil spring 12 has been subjected to shape memory processing to have a contracted shape in advance. In the figure, a total of four coil springs 12 are hung, one on the top, bottom, left and right.

The swash plate 9 has a holder 13 fixed to the support rod 11.
It is supported by a bearing 14 disposed inside the body and is configured to rotate smoothly.

I5 is a frame material with two pieces arranged on the upper side and two pieces placed on the lower side,
A beam 16a is placed between the upper two frame members 15a and 15a'.
The hook is passed, and the beam +6b is passed between the two lower frame members 15b and +5b'. An adjustment unit 18a is rotatably attached to the center of the upper beam 16a with a screw 17a, and similarly an adjustment unit 18b is rotatably attached to the center of the lower beam +6b with a screw +7b. The adjustment units 18a and 18b
rotates around the screws 17a and 17b, and moves the support rod 11 in accordance with the rotation.

Along with this movement, the inclination angle of the swash plate 9 changes. Note that the screws 17a and 17bij are installed in the direction passing through the intersection of the slope of the swash plate 9 and the rotary shaft 7, so the adjustment units +8a and 1
Even if 8b is rotated, the center of gravity of the swash plate 9 remains stable. The four frame members 15 are fixed to the end plate 19. As shown in FIG.
It is rotatably attached by one bearing 22. Next, the structure of the universal joint 10 will be explained. As shown in FIG. 6, the structure of the universal joint 10 includes a frame 23 fixedly connected to the rotary shunt 7Vc, and a round bar 25 rotatably connected to the frame 23 by a ball bearing 24. It consists of the round rod 25 and a round rod 26 that is fixedly connected.

The round bar 26 is connected to the swash plate 9 by a ball bearing 27.
combined by

The swash plate type heat-driven engine having the above structure generates rotational power as follows. It is assumed that the area below the line A-A' in FIG. 3 is filled with hot water, and the area above the line A-A' is exposed to air. At this time, the coil spring I2 made of a shape memory alloy located below the line AA' is heated and contracts with a strong force due to its return to shape. Moreover, the coil/l/ha 412 made of a shape memory alloy located above the line A-A' is cooled and easily stretches. As a result, the heated coil spring 12 rotates the rotary disk 8 and the swash plate 9 until they reach the position where they are closest to each other. On the other hand, since the cooled coil spring 12 is expanded by a very weak force, it does not prevent the rotation of the rotating disk 8 and the swash plate 9. Further, since the heated coil spring 12 and the cooled coil spring 12 are sequentially changed, the rotating disk 8 and the swash plate 9 continue to rotate. In this system, the output of the rotating shaft 7 is changed by adjusting the tilt angle of the swash plate 9. Furthermore, by setting the inclination angle of the swash plate 9 in the opposite direction to the perpendicular direction of the rotating shaft 7, the rotation directions of the rotating disk 8 and the swash plate 9 can be reversed. Further, the output generated on the rotary shaft 7 also changes by rotating the end plate 19 with respect to the base 21. That is, when the end plate 19 is rotated, the distance between the swash plate 9 and the rotating disk 8 changes, so the forces applied to the rotating disk 8 and the swash plate 9 naturally change.

Next, another example of the universal joint will be explained. 7 and 8 show other examples of universal joints. This universal joint is composed of an inner ball 28 shown in FIG. 7 which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 7, and an outer ring 29 shown in FIG. 8 which is fixedly connected to the swash plate 9. FIG. 8(a) is a plan view, FIG. 8(b) is a front sectional view, and FIG. 8(c) is a side sectional view. Two protrusions 30 protrude from the inner sphere 28 in a direction of 180 degrees from each other (there may be only one protrusion 30). The outer ring 29 has a seven-disk shape, and the inner ball 2 is placed inside it.
A contact surface that slides on the surface 8 and a retaining groove 31 in which the protrusion 30 of the inner ball 28 can slide are formed.

In the above embodiment, a coil spring made of a shape memory alloy is provided between the rotating disk 8 having a rotating surface perpendicular to the rotating shaft 7 and the swash plate 9 having a rotating surface oblique to the rotating shaft 7. The coil spring 12 made of a shape memory alloy was passed between two swash plates having oblique rotating surfaces at different angles with respect to the rotating shaft 7 to create a swash plate type heat and drive system. The engine may also be configured.

According to the swash plate type thermally driven engine of the present invention described in detail above, the output state of the engine can be changed by adjusting the inclination state of the swash plate.

For example, this provides a thermally driven engine that is capable of changing the rotational speed for the same load, which was not possible with conventional thermally driven engines, or changing the load torque while maintaining the same rotational speed. . Therefore, it is extremely versatile as a power generating device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional heat-driven engine, FIG. 2 is a characteristic curve diagram thereof, FIG. 3 is a partial side view of a swash plate type heat-driven engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 4 is an oblique view of FIG. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' in FIG. 3, FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view taken from arrow B in FIG. 3, and FIG. A perspective view of the inner sphere of another embodiment of the universal joint, FIG. 8 shows the outer ring thereof, and FIG.
1 is a plan view, FIG. 2B is a front sectional view, and FIG. 1C is a side sectional view. In the figure, 7: Rotating shaft 8: Rotating disk Il: Support rod 12: Coil spring 13: Holder 1
4: Bearing 15: Frame material 16: Beam 17: Screw 18: Adjustment unit 19: End plate 21: Base agent Patent attorney Aihiko Fukushi (and 2 others) 21 Flute 5 diagram

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 18 A rotational output shaft, a swash plate having a rotational surface tilted diagonally with respect to the rotational output shaft and driving the rotational output shaft by rotation thereof, and a swash plate that is fixed to the rotational output shaft. a rotating plate coupled to the swash plate and having the rotational output shaft as the central axis of rotation; a plurality of elastic bodies made of a shape memory alloy stretched between the swash plate and the rotating plate; and mutually different elastic bodies. What is claimed is: 1. A swash plate type thermally driven engine, comprising: means for imparting mutually different thermal effects. 2. a rotation output shaft, a first swash plate having a rotation surface tilted diagonally with respect to the rotation output shaft, and driving the rotation output shaft by rotation thereof; a second swash plate having a rotating surface and driving the rotation output shaft by rotation thereof; and a plurality of pieces made of a shape memory alloy stretched between the first swash plate and the second swash plate. A swash plate type thermally driven engine comprising an elastic body and means for applying different thermal effects to different parts of the elastic body. 3. The swash plate type heat-driven engine according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising means for adjusting the angle of the rotating surface of the swash plate.