JPS59201953A - Piston used for internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve heat resistance and wearing resistance of a piston, by forming at least one of the top ring groove of ring grooves, formed in the peripheral surface of the piston, and the opening edge part of its combustion chamber to be compounded with an inorganic fiber aggregate in which a containd shot is restricted. CONSTITUTION:In the case of a piston 12 respectively having plural stripes of ring grooves 13 on its peripheral surface and a cavity part 16 forming a combustion chamber on the top face, at least one of the top ring groove 13, located in the uppermost position of ring grooves 13, and the opening edge of the cavity part 16 is compounded with inorganic fiber aggregates 14, 15. These aggregates 14, 15, in which a granular material (shot) of 8000mesh (11mu diameter particle) or more is not contained in their inorganic fiber further a granular material of 8000mesh or less occupies an area of 0.001% or less for that of an optional cross section in the compounded part, are used. While designing each aggregate 14, 15 respectively for its arrangement direction and aspect ratio, whearing resistance of the piston and its quality against a thermal crack are improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a screw for an internal combustion engine, which is particularly cast from metal, and which has a combustion ring groove formed on its outer peripheral surface and a four-part screw. 7E”t
=- Relates to the piston provided.

With the improvement in the performance of internal combustion engines, the 4T
A large load is applied to each of the various parts that make up the 11 parts.
The screws 1-15, which are service parts, are drilled with 4C so that high mechanical loads and thermal zero loads are applied. (to be taken by high-performance internal combustion engine)
The first wire must be strong enough to withstand such a load.
As shown in the figure, part 1 and part 2 are required to have high wear resistance. Also directly 11ζ°) Kenga 1 Sunai (
The piston used in the engine has a combustion chamber 3 consisting of four parts on its beating surface, and this combustion
During this period, one edge receives a high thermal load and is likely to cause cracks 1.

A that is subject to such mechanical or thermal loads.

1. To strengthen the tubing groove and the opening edge of the combustion chamber,
Measures are being taken in each department. For example, 1-Tubbling groove 2
As an example of reinforcement, an attempt has been made to attach a ring made of Minose metal. In addition, as a countermeasure against thermal cracks at the opening edge of the combustion chamber 3, another member (such as inserting a steel material in this part or a hinoki hole) may be connected, or
Hard positive 4! Countermeasures such as forming an oxide film have been taken.

Another countermeasure is reinforcement with inorganic wX navy blue, which has a remarkable iQ-step in the near future1.In general, there are three types of inorganic fibers: glass fibers, metal fibers, and renomic fibers, and internal combustion engines11 The material used for the bis(s) of [C] is the most reliable one, taking into account the properties of the material after production, etc.

The Hiramic fiber is divided into η Rudo, continuous paper layer 11. , 11 crystal short fibers, crystal short fibers, o, ", bi rice) J's 4
It is classified into type 1111'1. The first continuous weave is i
t++3)+4 Fabrication of navy blue and ceramizing it by oxidation or carbonizing chemical treatment-(゛A C1 Generally, the diameter is thick and the diameter is about 10 parts. Amorphous short fibers are made into fibers by browning or spinning a ceramic melt (with a diameter of 2 to 5 μm).
, the maximum length is about 250 cm. This fiber is amorphous and can be turned into crystal by heat treatment. The 441 characteristic of this fiber is that particulate matter called shot is mixed in during its manufacture. The culms can be removed by cutting, submerging, submerging, centrifuging, sieving, etc. The crystalline short fibers of 13 are produced in a similar manner to the second short fibers described above, and since they are made of short fibers of approximately 50 mm or less in diameter, their diameters also vary from 3 to 5.
It develops into μ culmpox, which is characterized by a diameter of 1 mm.

Then, it is crystallized by performing C heat treatment.
.

In fact, the fourth whisker is composed of a whisker-like single crystal, with a diameter of 1 μ or more and a length of 1 0°2 n+
Many of them are less than m.

By the way, the purpose of composite screws made of metal such as aluminum alloy with fiber is to improve wear resistance or resist stress fracture as described above. The piston, which is cast from metal, is then made into a viscous material (for geometrical machining).
The υ mark must adapt to this mechanical addition.

In addition, since relatively weak stress such as fatigue is applied to Bis 1 Hen (J), these stresses should not be considered.
1. '4Pi 1 to achieve these objectives accurately! The factor that gives J is J41'!η'!-＼ゝ) of the composite reinforced fiber 11, 13
Yohi 1, shi mixed in paper waste 1 to be composited, ``tsu 1''
〜 etc. can be mentioned.

When a bis-one bonded by metal is combined with 7p + +, when a continuous fiber with a small diameter is composited,
Machining becomes difficult and follows - (this J,・)I1j1
1! It is quite difficult to use woven fibers.
(-Reni'iJ L (The known fiber of JL crystal is thin in diameter 1,1, and has a remarkable r
u: to influence;

It is fully usable. However, there are particulate matter intervening in these fiber aggregates, and the content of this shot is also quite large. It accounts for as much as 20% of the fibers, and accounts for two shots with a diameter of 50 to 150 μm.Therefore, such b shots - &;
E has a negative effect on machinability,
Get to 1. .

Takumi, -(゛)S+ IR1b 7-2101 /l(,
) The sari is 91 [blank;' 11 mixed (t '+Jru shi・jtsu 1 to the person Kisao J, Hio wo ni 1+l L, 10
0 Metsushi J (Idiot diameter 1/l 9μ) to F 1
0 cars 114% or more
1.1.
/ Next to the shot of 1 white R or 149μ people beats II,
This results in a total of (11'18'?i).

Sen! ? In 11, the composite reinforcement of J and Ru screws 1 to 1 is compounded to j:l ii5'' and the purpose of being in contact with water, respectively)!
-If the footing C/, 1J is used, for example, when combined with a ring vortex, the wear resistance must be applied to the horizontal grooves (fq), and the If it is composited at the edge, it is 4f from the edge (the material that provides heat cracking resistance). The particulate matter contained in it is composed of helical particles.
The metal base material of the aluminum alloy has a higher hardness than the chrome plating on the surface of the cylindrical liner, which is also used to create a sliding video. Therefore, the relatively thick
If the right-handed fiber is attached to the ring 16, this shot will fall off and cause damage to the sliding surface (free to move). 41 1lII IIfN when practicing
4, and avoid increasing wear on the contrary (
Strain. In addition, when combined with IS (with a relatively thick C and a relatively thick I sheet 1) It has been confirmed in experiments that when υ fiber is used, it has a -1 minute heat resistance and crack resistance. When we conducted an experiment using the same strips, one containing the first one and one removing it, we found that there was a slight difference between the two.

The present invention has been made in view of these problems. Control the particulate matter found in the inorganic fiber aggregate, that is, the large serrations of the inorganic fibers, to below the value of The aim is to provide a piston for an internal combustion engine which is designed to eliminate the adverse effects caused by shots.

First 1 of the present invention! The I symptom is that there is no shuttle in the composite (one stain mixed in the fiber aggregate).
The following is limited to 1ll11 (゛There is. This person has 1 stain and 1 ~'! The child's +11 diameter is up to 11!
There are some stains larger than 1-1 that are not mixed in the inorganic paper material 1. As mentioned above, if the shot is composed of, for example, hyphmic grains, it may contain aluminum or chlorine that forms the surface of the cylinder liner.
J, Ri too is hard, is this the reason for this shock 1? IIRn? ? There is a screw between the screw 1 ring and the ring iM between the screw 1 and the ring 1.13 between the screw 1 ring and the sinter live. In the case of a sheet of 11μ or more, the size is 69 mm per diameter of the continuous fiber braid.
Is it smaller than that? a'-)" culm 1'
This is because even if the I shot drops IBJ, it will not be affected by the I-C technique, which is resistant to wear and tear.

In addition, the content in inorganic fibers is extremely small, and is suppressed to within 0.001% in terms of 8,000 meshes or less. .The σ11 tree ratio is 0.001%, and the fiL is almost non-existent.
Regarding the first section of the river, paste 10 pieces of business card-sized sheets of paper with a magnification of 8 times 100 times, and place granules with a diameter of 111111 inside them. 1, compounded 7, jj fiber 1 or 14 L < , it's better to remove the amorphous 710 fiber. Even if it is not removed, the surface beat ratio (・0.001% L) must be lowered.

The limitations on the size and proportion of particulate matter contained in such inorganic fibers, i.e., fibers contained in the inorganic fibers, are such that when these fibers are combined at the opening edge of the combustion chamber, This fact has been made clear by the test bundling described later.In general, there is no resistance in the combustion chamber (in the case of combined wear, the fibers can cause thermal cracking). However, the above-mentioned drag force is reduced in the inorganic string (if the inorganic string contains a large amount of 1- or more, the above-mentioned drag force is reduced by +11- 11 Mind power (
Because the 1-1 goal of destruction will not be achieved (there is).

i + Momo (The ring vortex of the screw 1- for opening the internal combustion sense or the lifting platform for compounding the inorganic fiber aggregate on the opening Ill edge of the combustion Y, as shown in Fig. 2) '
Instead of using an inorganic fiber wholesaler 10 that is in a similar condition, it is necessary to use a fiber 10 from which particulate matter 11 has been almost completely removed, as shown in the figure.

Finally, we will describe the arrangement direction d3, J, and aspect ratio of the plain fiber aggregate 1, which is composited in the present invention, and the aspect ratio. Figure 4 shows a state in which the inorganic fiber aggregate 17'l is combined with the 1-tube ring 13 of the piston 12. (If this composite inorganic fiber aggregate 17'l expands, it will become J in Fig. The outer circumferential surface of the screw 1 to ring is 117 II force η with cylintarites. Thank you! It'l
ldo1〉；1 to be touched, therefore [especially/-71
Kawa and Kou? The wear resistance of +41101 is 2 or smaller (kona-) (Ruru 1, generally the wear resistance is -1)! In that case, is it best to strengthen the special sword by 0?
d) '4! Nomanka J, Rif r Jl, Shii.

For example, Jj411 is used for tools! j! Moon-
1ri? i-1 Riemeh 'I used as a thermal additive
'r? (corresponds to 24'7. Therefore, this kind of view 8j
,! Karaji Festival Jre [J, composed of inorganic fiber aggregate J/]
The ratio of the discoloration of the 11 white diameters of the eroded fibers,
Zunawara) l Spectral ratio is small to give culm wear resistance.
- On the 7th side, the end 1f11 (kiruta (j) should be arranged so that it is exposed from the outer periphery W1 of the string.
j It's going to be L.

However, according to Hiroaki 4(), the main target is those where the υ fibers do not have perfect directionality and constitute the jjjI part fiber aggregate (, Z-7[rJ
i Ir11? It is preferable that the fiber distribution shown in FIG. 3 be the same as the fiber distribution shown in FIG.

On the other hand, /-/Then, the orthogonal J X-X plane d3 and Y-
In the case of
It's like 9f. Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inorganic J&' Jli aggregate combined with the inorganic J&' Among them, those with an aspect ratio of 100 or less are arranged in such a way that they account for 70% or more of the surface area of the fibers appearing therein.In other words, when combined into a top ring Ml'i, The length of the fibers should be as short as possible.

The inorganic fiber aggregate 15 is the combustion chamber 1 of the piston 12.
6, the inorganic fiber aggregate 15] is formed into a ring shape and attached to the opening edge as shown in FIG. become. 9th
The figure shows this aggregate -1!11U) and the enlarged part C'.
Person 6) Support etc. ff Following the direction of 10, I will go to the dormitory (
This, this 1A, combination fl+\'15 is intended for stress fracture resistance++ j+'f-') (fiber? If 17) As is clear from the compound law (same as Δ(a) C same [
``When using fibers of one diameter, i, J, 9.; The product ratio of kan is 1
．． 1. Is it possible to open the culm man's 4f effect?'C monkey 1, ji) 1 shi continuous fiber navy blue - as it is, or this l1l
J Ci 1. Except when using the selvedge 11 ((J, the direction of the selvedge 1 is completely the same as the direction of the stress, 1.-) 1. l distribution 11
(J thing (Yu trouble PfI'(゛There is. However, by the set 1 tree 15 consisting of Hano Hanoi L > 41 fiber introductions (-
It is necessary to make sure that there is a predetermined arrangement of fibers within a certain range.

The absence shown in Fig. 9 indicates the fiber aggregate 1b (, □) The typical arrangement of fibers is either the It becomes like this again, Y-
The Y cross-section of the silk 11 is as shown in Figure 7.The inorganic fiber aggregate 15 (14) is made from the thin fibers, and each fiber has a finite length of 1. 'j et al., and if you look at it from the entrance (
, in such a case, the X-x section J3 J,
The cross section should look like this in Figure 12 (J), and the Y-Y cross section should look like this in Figure 13. Uniriba X-X, 7';
It is expected that the direction will be 1 minute in the direction J, and in the Z-Z direction or Y-)/J direction.

Furthermore, J,) ("11 of the combustion chamber 1G
When reinforcing parts in a composite manner, the aspect ratio of the fibers used is 2000 or more. Noshino-C (, l-mount j'
: The ll'l array remains as is. Therefore, in the case of such a row 1'1, J > u) - (- will be oriented or regenerated in the fibers of a certain culmability. However, this directionality is controlled by the manufacturing conditions, and there is a rough pattern between the fibers. Since the fibers are tangled, it is not possible to select the direction according to the usage conditions, which is a disadvantage.Therefore, in order to untangle the fibers during manufacturing, the fibers are made to have an aspect ratio of 200 or less. , cut into U. Then, after that, the underwater precursor, centrifugal separation (, sieve fraction, etc.) can be separated. 1 of 1; The effect of the centrifugal force on the fibers is 1. .

. 111H water collected in the +31i composite that falls on the piston
In this case, it will be possible to use Jino's episode I11 of It Juru Shinzai 11.

And preferred -j; embodiment of the present invention) 2F, Iri (
is 21 (1, I imaginary fibers) combined at the opening edge of the combustion chamber, and the circumferential direction of this opening edge r;
・:The spectral ratio of the inorganic paper waste appearing on the 111th surface of 1 (1)' is 4t'+ (1) 70%j, 1 ('is 3, the whole time of straw burning is 1)
” t in the case of combination of identifications for edges; 1. , r=
By increasing the ratio of thin fibers and increasing the amount of fibers, the heat cracking resistance can be further improved.

(Explaining the present invention as a concrete example/'
,],.

Regarding the first example, 9% aluminum oxide (AJ2203), 20% silicon (Si
02)! ] Regarding the bis I~n of aluminum alloy 1 composited with the inorganic fiber aggregate 14 or 15 consisting of fibers, the 1-tso ring of this bis I~! M+ q) +i+4 Abrasion d3 Tests related to thermal cracking of the front edge of the combustion chamber were not completed. d; For the flFI wear 11 test, a wear test piece was taken from the assembly 14 or a composite part of the screws 1 to 12, and the sliding degree was measured with cast iron having the same composition as the screws 1 to shilling. Its ll11 wear:0 is measured.

Measurements regarding heat cracking resistance are shown in Figure 14.
This device is a heating coil placed close to the edge of the IL/X 6. , 7) (Especially heating the opening edge of the combustion chamber 16,
&Thus, when heating is performed by the heating oil 17, the combustion chamber 1 is
The edges of the 6°C are heated to about 3 b O'C. After heating and cooling, the Ca2 becomes as shown in Fig. 15.
The temperature between the combustion chambers 16 and the cooling comb 11 is about 170°C.

The result of the test regarding the abrasion resistance mentioned above is shown by D in FIG.
J to the inorganic fiber navy blue aggregate 14 ->' (Reinforced 1 hebbling iM 13 ItU extremely low 11/wear 1j)
It shows. 4j, J50-(△-C small j
+ and b are the results for the same frame made of aluminum alloy, and are not at all reinforced by fibers. ; L, aluminum oxide and monoxide 1'' and 7) r
Using a 1jjj low-fiber aggregate consisting of 1jjj r, but not removing sheets 1~ from this aggregate, the results shown by C in the figure are similar to (No. 157-210140 C) Shows wear ♀ when 10% of shots within the regulated range are included.

The thickness of the fibers constituting the inorganic fiber aggregate used in Muriko Q is 2% for 150 mesh or less, 3.5% for 200 mesh or larger, and 2% for 250 mesh and 1"ll. %, 400 meshes or less is 1.5%) (Yes.

As is clear from these ties, one top ring item, one
3 is composited with an inorganic fiber aggregate 14 to make it 2;
, 941 pairs of L type))\10% 7 wear 1i has many 4j - (There are 4j - (.) This is Shock 1-h'j 1ii4 Is! There is a sumo C (, white, j abrasion 11'-), the size of the shot a' and - and (1):'+ (
``1, of course, 1j) that + '+5 must be restricted to the 1st case.

Furthermore, in the IHH (machine fiber assembly '15) of this example, J,
-) (Screw 1 with reinforced L1 edge j111 during combustion)
FIG. 17 shows the results of a test on the heat-resistant crack f1 of No. 2. In the figure, the results indicated by D are the results of this example, and it is clear that the heat cracking resistance is significantly improved compared to the conventional pistons shown in △ and OC. be. Comparing the results of J5Δ and C, we can see that even if shorts 1~ are reinforced with fibers (J, screws made of aluminum alloy with no reinforcement at all) result A
Compared to 114 heat cracker'l LJ B'+11- J
However, if you compare the binding of C and D, it is clear that J and Uni are partially reinforced by inorganic fibers.
If there is no heat resistance, the heat resistance crack 1) + will be reduced. Therefore, it is time to improve heat cracking resistance! 211 which is compounded even in the case of j zuru! In the machine layer 1
You must ().

Next, let me explain the second embodiment of the present invention.

This example shows that the fibers to be composited have a ratio of 77 to 1.
A test was conducted on a fiber made of 95% aluminum oxide, 5% silica, and containing no shot. Here, the aspect ratio is 70 or less.
,! ] Fibers occupy 80% or more of the total fibers, and fibers with a 7/aspect ratio of 0 or more or ε30% of the total fibers.
Wear on surfaces that account for more than - Usu ilj j,
and rIJ thermal cracking tests.

According to this result, when the aspect ratio is 70 or less, the shade hanging is shown by d5 UE in Figure 16, 'Cd3,' and the result of 70 or more is 1. (d in Figure 5) r 1) - (: is shown. From this result, 19
1), the surface where short fibers with an aspect ratio of 70 or more 1 account for ε30% or more is approximately 12 It is shown that the amount of wear will be . In other words, in order to improve wear resistance, J:j i, J aspect 1 ~
The presence and coverage of many short fibers with low ratios will give good results.

At the same time, test for heat cracking resistance under the same condition. As a result of J, t, L, J5, E and DC are shown in Figure 17, and in this case, conversely, fibers with an aspect ratio of 70 or more account for 80% or more of the total TJ&m. It has been found that the case)) has about twice the heat cracking resistance as the case where short fibers with an aspect ratio of 1 to 70 or less occupy 80% or more of the total fiber. Therefore, in order to improve the heat cracking resistance, it is necessary to have more fibers with a large aspect ratio present.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
A silicon carbide wire with a diameter of 8μ is used.
Using this whisker, inorganic fiber aggregates 14 and 15 are formed, and histone 12 is combined into an IC.
, This screw (Hen 12 (1) T-Tubbling bulk 13 wear J3J, combustion + 'f 1 Heat cracking resistance of the opening edge of C3 and is designated as F in FIG. 17.

As is clear from these results, the piston for carbonization that has been compositely strengthened by the whiskers has the least amount of wear on the top ring 13, and also has the least amount of cracking at the opening edge of the combustion chamber 16. I'm J5, and I got the best score in all the exams. 1゜This is a collective 14.15
It is thought that this is due to the fact that the S-XI fibers forming the S-XI are composed of single crystals that do not contain any S-XI, but their diameters and lengths are very small.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a conventional bisjon made of aluminum alloy, and Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of an inorganic fiber aggregate composited in the present invention, including shot. , Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the screws removed from the same shop, Figure 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the screws (~) showing the combined state of the rings 1~ A perspective view of an inorganic fiber aggregate composited into this top ring τj4,
Figures 6 and 7 are enlarged sectional views of this inorganic fiber aggregate, and Figure 18 shows the composite state of the opening edge of the combustion chamber of one piston (partially broken perspective). Figure 9 is a perspective view of an inorganic fiber aggregate composited on one edge of this combustion chamber, and Figures 10 to 13 are 11 of this inorganic fiber aggregate 14\.
Fig. 11'1 is a cross-sectional view of a device for measuring the heat cracking resistance of composite fibers (1 to 1), and Fig. 1b shows the heat applied by this device. ] Graph showing the cycle, Figure 16 (, 1 Example of the present invention 1 Graph showing the test result of the non-wear amount of the hole, Figure 17 is the graph showing the test result of the heat crack resistance of the example of the present invention) It should be noted that the ♀J8 odor used in the drawings is C1 10... Non-molecular fiber 11... Particulate matter (silt 1-) 12...
・Bis 1~13...1~Tsunorinku i+7+14.155
... Insensitive fiber assembly IA-16 ... Combustion chamber. Agent Matsu (・) μ Figure 4, Figure 6, Figure 5, Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 10, Figure 12, Figure 9, Figure 13

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A screw ring that is cast from metal and has a combustion chamber consisting of a ring groove and a recess on its outer circumferential surface and top surface, respectively, wherein the top ring groove in the ring swirl and the An inorganic fiber aggregate is composited into at least one of the openings of the combustion chamber, and granules (of 8,000 meshes (particle diameter 11 μm) or more) of solid fibers constituting the aggregate are added. shot) does not contain
Moreover, the area occupied by the granules of 8,000 mesh or less contained in the above-mentioned non-woven navy blue is 01 of the arbitrary cross-sectional area of the composite part.
2. The inorganic fiber aggregate is combined into the top ring groove, and the inorganic fibers appearing on the surface of the top ring groove. Those with an aspect ratio of 1 to 1 of 100 F or more appear on that surface! The particles are arranged so that they occupy 70% or more of the area occupied by the miscellaneous particles, as set forth in claim 1. Piston for internal combustion crotch. 3. The inorganic fiber aggregate is composited at the edge of the combustion chamber, and during this time, the aspect ratio of the fibers appearing in any cross section in the circumferential direction of the edge of the combustion chamber is The piston for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1 [62], characterized in that the fibers having 50 or more are arranged so as to occupy 70% or more of the area of the fibers appearing on the surface. Claim 1, characterized in that the inorganic fiber aggregate is composed of crystalline ceramic fibers.
A piston for an internal combustion engine according to any one of items 1 to 3. 5. The screw for an internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein the ceramic fibers are composed of ceramic whiskers.