JPS59189565A - Nonaqueous electrolyte battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a nonaqueous electrolyte battery having improved high- temperature preservation characteristic and high-rate discharge characteristic by using a solute containing lithium dodecachloro dodecaborate and a solvent which can combine with said compound to form a complex to prepare nonaqueous electrolyte. CONSTITUTION:In a battery having a negative electrode in which a light metal such as Li or Na or its alloy is used as an active material, a positive electrode and nonaqueous electrolyte made of a solute, a mixture solute consisting of lithium dodecachloro dodecaborate used as the inevitable solute and another solute such as lithium perchlorate which has an excellent high-rate discharge characteristic is used as the solute. In addition, a solvent which can combine with lithium dodecachloro dodecaborate to form a complex is used. Owing to the nonaqueous electrolyte, the high-temperature preservation characteristic and the high-rate discharge characteristic of the nonaqueous electrolyte battery are improved.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (a) Industrial application field End 14Ii is a negative electrode using lithium, sodium, etc. as an active material, and metal-like oxides, sulfides, g) rognides, etc. A non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a positive electrode as an active material and a non-aqueous electrolyte consisting of a negative bath and a solvent/! ! Regarding L battery,
In particular, it relates to the improvement of non-hydrocarbon (N) liquids.

(b) Prior art The non-aqueous electrolyte of this type of battery contains lithium perchlorate (LiOJO4) and chloride (LiCF8S) as solutes.
(L)
12B 12cls2 and the like are used, and as a solvent, propylene carbonate)% r-butylorataton, 1.2 dimethoxyecune, tetrahydrofuran, etc. are used alone or in combination of two or more. In recent years, with the expansion of the fields in which this tub battery is used, improvements in battery characteristics have been made. One of them is that the vehicle weight γ is the same as above for high rate release characteristics after storage at both temperatures.

By the way, among solutes, lithium perchlorate, lithium fluoroctate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, etc. have high conductivity and are suitable for high-rate discharge, but they have problems in high-temperature storage characteristics, and lithium dodecachlorododecaborate (L i , 2 B 1204+ 12)
Although it has excellent high-temperature storage characteristics, it has a low inducing property, so there is a problem with high-potency discharge.

Therefore, in order to improve the high-temperature storage characteristics and high-rate discharge characteristics, it is conceivable to use an F mixed solution in which VC is the sole solute.

On the other hand, speaking of solvents, propylene carbonate is commonly used as K, but due to its high viscosity, it is difficult to obtain a ball with high viscosity. There are also 8 considerations. Another point that needs to be taken into consideration is that the evaporation and loss of the solvent at high temperatures must be suppressed.

In this way, various solutes and solvents have various characteristics, so in order to satisfy both the high temperature storage characteristics and the discharge characteristics at room temperature, we must consider various combinations of solutes and baths t1 that are unique to Y + JJ. There must be.

(c) Purpose of the Invention The entire purpose of the present invention is to improve the non-aqueous electrolyte and provide a non-aqueous electrolyte that has good high-temperature storage characteristics, high-rate discharge characteristics, and the like. .

□) Structure of the invention The present invention has been modified to achieve the purpose of the present invention.
It is fully equipped with a negative electrode whose active material is a light metal such as lithium, sodium, or an alloy thereof, and a non-aqueous electrolyte consisting of a solute and a solvent. is a mixed solute containing L
1i, the above-mentioned medium is a single solvent that forms a complex with rorododecaborate, or a mixed solvent containing the same.

Here, 'a', the combined solutes are 1% lyticum dodecaporate, which has excellent heat retention properties, lyticum perchlorate, lyticum perchlorate, lithium trifluoromethane sulfonate, which was lost due to high-speed discharge, etc. 9. From an abutment with at least one of the following. In addition, the solvent (or at least one solvent in the case of a mixed solvent) is combined with lyticum dode and rorododecaborate.
It does not evaporate even if it is self-sealed at one point and contributes to +a1 in high temperature storage characteristics.

(e) Examples Examples of the present invention will be described below.

A lithium rolled plate punched to a specified size was used as the negative electrode, and manganese dioxide (active material), carbon powder (carrying agent), and 7-carbon resin powder (binder) were used as the positive electrode. After mixing at a ratio of 85:10:5, this mixture was pressure molded and heat treated.

Then, button type batteries were prepared using various combinations of electrolytes as shown in the table below. In addition, the solvent hapropylene carbonate (PC) and 1.2 dimethoxyethane (
An equal volume mixed solvent with DME was used.

Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are comparison diagrams of the discharge characteristics of the batteries in the table above.
Figure 2 shows the initial characteristics of both sides when discharging at a constant resistance of 0.00°C.
Using the value of a mixed bath of caporate and lithium perchlorate when discharging at a constant resistance of 0Ω, a battery was assembled using a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate and 1.2 dimethoxyethane as a solvent, and the battery was heated at 60°C. After storage for 6 months, 25
This is a diagram showing the relationship between the mixed concentration of mixed solutes and the discharge capacity under the condition of discharging with a constant resistance of 500 Ω at C. 'tO,15
The reason why it is set as mol/II is because when chikumudoderiborate is used by mixing it with other solutes, the amount dissolved is at most 0.2 mol/l, and no more is dissolved.

(f) Effects of the invention The present invention is based on the Nozoike pond, /i, has excellent properties as a non-aqueous interfacial fluid, and has excellent properties as a chikumudode force, rorodode force borate, and high rate release properties. In addition to using a mixed B solution with a solute, the use of a solvent that forms a complex with lithium dodecachlorododecaborate suppresses evaporation and loss of the ↓V bath solvent, which improves high-temperature storage characteristics and cylinder rate release. It is possible to provide non-aqueous electrolyte batteries that are tailored to the city's characteristics.

Incidentally, although 1.2-dimethoxyethane is exemplified in the example as a solvent that forms a complex with lithium dodecachlorododecaborate, other solvents include tetrahydro7rane, dioquinrane, and the like.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are battery characteristic diagrams, with Figure 1 showing initial high rate discharge characteristics and Figure 2 showing high discharge characteristics after high temperature storage. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the relationship between the limit of solute and discharge capacity. (4) (B)... Comparison battery, (C)... Honbo battery. Haruma fH)

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■ Comprising a negative electrode made of a light wire mesh of lithium, sodium, etc. or an alloy thereof as an active material, a positive electrode, and a non-aqueous electrolyte consisting of a solute and a solvent, A mixture containing at least lithium dodecachlorododecaborate
:i, ur: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery characterized in that the solvent indicated in + is a single solvent that forms a complex with lyticdomodecachlorododecaborate or a mixed solvent containing such a solvent.