JPS5917250B2 - internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel internal combustion engine that utilizes static electricity.

Recently, various technologies have been developed to reduce harmful components in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, but these technologies require major modifications to the main parts of the engine, including the carburetor and combustion chamber. As a result, development and manufacturing costs are high, and the structure is generally much more complex than conventional engines, leading to higher costs and lower reliability.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and by causing corona discharge to occur in the fuel using opposing electrodes, the fuel is efficiently charged, and the electric field generated in the combustion chamber is used to charge the fuel in the mixture. The purpose of this invention is to provide an internal combustion engine that locally enriches the air-fuel mixture to improve ignitability by attracting particles to the vicinity of the spark plug, thereby enabling stable operation with a leaner air-fuel mixture.

In the present invention, the main parts of the engine can be used as conventional ones by simply adding a high voltage power supply, electrodes, etc., so there is no need to change the engine plant etc. It is also characterized by high reliability.

The present invention will be described in detail below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a vaporizer, 2 is a venturi, 3 is a throttle valve, 4 is a nozzle, 5 is a blade-shaped electrode, 6 is a slit-shaped electrode, 7 is an air bleed, 8 is a float chamber, 9 is an orifice, 1
0 is the intake manifold, 11 is the combustion chamber, 12 is the piston,
13 is an intake valve, 14 is a spark plug, 15 is a center electrode of the spark plug 14, 16 is the same (side electrode), 17 and 18 are high voltage power supplies, and 19 is a control circuit.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a blade-like electrode 5 and a slit-like electrode 6 (the shapes of these electrodes will be described later) are provided in a nozzle 4.

When a high voltage of several kV to several tens of kV is applied between the blade-like electrode 5 and the slit-like electrode 6 from a high-voltage power source 11 to generate corona discharge in the fuel liquid, the fuel is charged.

The polarity of the above-mentioned charge varies depending on the shape of the corona discharge electrode and the polarity of the voltage applied to the electrode, but it is assumed that the electrode is charged to O, for example.

The fuel charged to e is mixed with intake air in the carburetor 1 to form a mixture, and is sent to the combustion chamber 11 through the intake manifold 10.

On the other hand, the central electrode 15 of the spark plug 14 provided in the combustion chamber 11 is connected to the ■ pole of the high voltage power supply 18.
Therefore, an electric field (3) is generated in the vicinity of the spark plug 14, which attracts fuel particles charged with E contained in the air-fuel mixture, so that the air-fuel mixture locally becomes rich in the vicinity of the spark plug 14.

Therefore, the ignitability and combustion speed are improved, and the overall lean mixture can be reliably ignited.

Therefore, the engine operates stably even if a leaner air-fuel mixture is supplied than before, so it is recommended to reduce N0x (nitrogen oxides) by using a lean combustion method or increase the exhaust gas recirculation rate of EGR (exhaust gas recirculation system) (mixing I feel weak) and N
A method for reducing Ox can be easily realized.

Further, as shown in Fig. 1, the e-pole of the high-voltage power supply 18 is connected to the combustion chamber 11 and the intake manifold 10 (both of which are normally electrically connected), and a voltage of the same polarity as that of the fuel particles is applied. Then, since the fuel particles receive repulsive force from the combustion chamber 11 and the intake manifold 10, they are prevented from adhering to the intake manifold 10 and the inner wall of the combustion chamber 11, and are more likely to concentrate near the spark plug 14.

Further, the voltage applied to the center electrode 15 of the spark plug 14 causes spark discharge between the center electrode 15 and the side electrodes 16 (usually electrically connected to the combustion chamber 11) or the combustion chamber 11. The value must be within the specified range.

The center electrode 15 of the ignition plug 14 is also connected to an ignition system (not shown), and at the time of ignition, the ignition plug 14 discharges a spark through normal operation and ignites.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the center electrode of the spark plug 14 is used as a concentration electrode for attracting fuel particles.
(needle-shaped, etc.) may be provided near the ignition plug 14.

Furthermore, if the side electrodes 16 of the spark plug 14 are insulated from the combustion chamber 11, the voltage applied to the center electrode 15 can be increased.

Further, a control circuit 19 can be connected between the high voltage power supply 18 and the ignition plug 14 as shown by a broken line, and the value of the voltage applied to the center electrode 15 can be changed.

For example, when the engine is idling, the discharge starting voltage is low, and when the engine is rotating at high speed, it is high.

Furthermore, since the intake stroke time is short when the engine rotates at high speed, it is necessary to concentrate the fuel particles in a short period of time.

Therefore, if the control circuit 19 is controlled according to the rotational speed of the engine, and the applied voltage is low at low speed rotations and high at high speed rotations, there is no risk of electrical discharge occurring even at low speed rotations, and the fuel particles are effectively reduced even at high speed rotations. It is possible to concentrate, etc.

Next, Figure 2 shows nozzle 4. FIG. 6 is an example diagram of a blade-like electrode 5 and a slit-like electrode 6, in which A is a side sectional view and B is a side sectional view.

and C-1 is a-a' sectional view of A, B-2 and C-2
is a bb' cross-sectional view of A.

In FIG. 2, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts.

In FIG. 2, a nozzle 4 is made of an insulator, and a blade-shaped electrode 5 and a slit-shaped electrode 6 facing the blade-shaped electrode 5 are provided therein.

The electrode for corona discharge is not limited to the combination of a blade-like electrode and a slit-like electrode as shown in FIG. 2, but may also be a combination of a needle-like electrode and a flat plate-like electrode.

Next, FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which A is a side sectional view and B is a cc' sectional view of A.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, a blade-like electrode 21 and a slit-like electrode 22 are provided in the fuel passage 20 leading from the float chamber 8 to the nozzle 4, and corona discharge is performed in this part to charge the fuel. , and other operations are similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.

In order to prevent the charge on the charged fuel from disappearing,
Fuel passage 20. All of the fuel flow paths such as the air bleed 7 and the nozzle 4 are covered with an insulator (the thin hatched area in the figure).

In addition, in FIG. 3, the same symbols as in FIG. 1 indicate the same things,
In addition, parts such as a combustion chamber and a high voltage power source are omitted from illustration.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, only the main system of the nozzle and air bleed is shown, but it goes without saying that a slow system may also be added.

As described above, according to the present invention, the fuel is efficiently charged, and as a result, the air-fuel mixture near the spark plug becomes locally rich, so that the ignitability and combustion speed are improved.

Therefore, it is possible to operate the engine in a leaner range than usual, which reduces harmful components in the exhaust gas such as NOx, HC, and CO, and improves fuel efficiency.

In particular, since the amount of EGR exhaust gas recirculation can be increased, NOx can be significantly reduced and drivability can be improved.

In other words, by causing corona discharge between opposing electrodes in the fuel (in the fuel that has not been atomized), even fuels that are difficult to charge, such as gasoline, can be reliably and efficiently charged. It can be widely applied to institutions.

In addition, the device of the present invention only requires adding a high voltage power source and electrodes, and the engine body may be the same as the conventional one, so there is no need to change the engine plant etc., and it can be manufactured at an extremely low cost. , there are no mechanically moving parts in the extension, so it has the effect of being of equal length with high reliability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram of an embodiment of a nozzle blade-shaped electrode and a slit-shaped electrode, and FIG. 3 is a diagram of another embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of symbols: 1... Carburizer, 2... Venturi, 3... Throttle valve, 4... Nozzle, 5... Blade shaped electrode, 6... slit shaped electrode, T... air bleed, 8......
Float chamber, 9... Orifice, 10...
Intake manifold, 11... Combustion chamber, 12...
...Piston, 13...Intake valve, 14...
... Spark plug, 15 ... Center electrode, 16 ...
... Side electrode, 17.18 ... High voltage power supply,
19... Control circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an internal combustion engine that burns an air-fuel mixture of fuel particles and air in a combustion chamber, a corona discharge electrode (both consisting of two electrodes) and a , a means for applying a voltage sufficient to generate a corona discharge in the fuel liquid to the corona discharge electrode, a concentrated electrode provided in the combustion chamber, and a voltage that is low at low revolutions and high at high revolutions depending on the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine. and means for sometimes applying a high voltage to the concentrating electrode, the fuel particles charged by the corona discharge being attracted by the electric field generated by the concentrating electrode,
An internal combustion engine that is characterized by locally enriching the air-fuel mixture within the combustion chamber. 2. The corona discharge electrode consists of a blade-shaped electrode provided in the main nozzle of the vaporizer or in the fuel passage connecting the nozzle and the float chamber, and a slit-shaped electrode facing the blade-shaped electrode,
2. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a voltage is applied between the two electrodes to cause corona discharge. 3. The internal combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the center electrode of the ignition plug is used as the concentration electrode to locally enrich the air-fuel mixture near the ignition plug. 4. In an internal combustion engine that burns a mixture of fuel particles and air in a combustion chamber, a corona discharge electrode consisting of at least two opposing electrodes provided in a fuel liquid passage and a corona discharge electrode in the fuel liquid are used. means for applying a voltage sufficient to generate the corona discharge to the electrode for corona discharge; a concentrated electrode provided in the combustion chamber; a voltage having a polarity opposite to that of the fuel particles charged by the corona discharge; A means for applying a voltage of the same polarity as the fuel particles to the mixture passageway leading to the combustion chamber and the combustion chamber itself, and a means for applying a voltage of the same polarity as the fuel particles, and a means for applying a voltage to the central electrode depending on the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, such that it is low at low rotational speeds and low at high rotational speeds. What is claimed is: 1. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that the engine is equipped with a means for controlling the air-fuel mixture to locally enrich the air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber and prevents fuel particles from adhering to the inner wall of the air-fuel mixture passage. 5. The corona discharge electrode consists of a blade-shaped electrode provided in the main nozzle of the vaporizer or in the fuel passage connecting the nozzle and the float chamber, and a slit-shaped electrode facing the blade-shaped electrode,
5. The internal combustion engine according to claim 4, wherein a voltage is applied between the two electrodes to cause corona discharge.