JPS59134663A - Method and device for cooling and purifying casting - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for cooling and cleaning metal castings, in which the metal castings are cast in a mold, then demolded, and then residual sand grains of the casting are removed using a blasting material and cooled.

Usually, castings are left in the mold for a certain period of time after being poured.
The temperature of the casting is lowered below the solidification temperature (and in some cases even below the transformation point of the structure). In this case, cooling takes place essentially by heat being transferred from the casting through the mold to the atmosphere. Once the cooling time has elapsed, demolding is carried out, further cooling is carried out in the atmosphere, and the casting is then sent to a cleaning chamber, where the remaining sand grains are removed from the casting by means of a blasting material. Cooling of the casting can be accelerated by various measures, such as wetting the mold sand, blowing dry air or moist air over the demolded casting. Traditionally, these processes have been difficult and environmentally unfriendly operations.

Conventional cooling processes reduce the final temperature of the casting to approximately 150°C.
Problems arose especially when the range was set to . That is, in this case air cooling is almost impossible to implement at reasonable expense due to the relatively low air velocity and therefore small temperature gradient. Furthermore, in the case of hollow castings with a large number of cores or castings with a large amount of stuck residual sand grains, there is the problem that the desired final temperature of the casting cannot be achieved at all in a reasonable amount of time.

The object of the invention is to propose a complete method and apparatus with which the cooling cleaning process can be carried out in a controlled manner and, moreover, the desired final temperature of the casting can be achieved in the shortest possible time.

In terms of process technology, the aim is to pre-blast all castings removed from the mold, constantly controlling and changing their orientation and orientation, and expose them to refrigerants during and/or after the above-mentioned treatment. This is accomplished by applying a finishing plast.

The first essential feature of the inventive method is the pre-blasting of the vj material. In this way, it is possible to sufficiently remove residual sand grains that have adhered after demolding from castings (particularly castings with many cores).Residual sand grains generally cause uneven cooling of the casting and an increase in cooling time. That is, in areas where there are no or very few residual sand grains, cooling is rapid, and in areas where there are many residual sand grains, cooling is slow and uneven.

This is because the remaining sand grains will still receive heat and a temperature equilibrium will be established between the casting and the remaining sand grains, thereby delaying heat exchange with the atmosphere. The heat exchange between the casting and the atmosphere is
Experiments have shown that the heat exchange between the heated mold sand and the atmosphere proceeds more rapidly, so that after the temperature has stabilized, the casting is reheated. In accordance with the invention, the above-mentioned consequences can also be avoided by early removal of residual sand grains from the casting by means of pre-plasting. Based on another measure of the invention, the orientation and posture of the casting are constantly controlled and changed, so that on the one hand, the exfoliated residual sand grains can fall, and on the other hand, the always new part of the casting The casting is then exposed to a flow of blasting material that also cools it.The casting is then exposed to a refrigerant while controlling its orientation and orientation for finishing blasting. is responsible for the heat transfer to the refrigerant, thus ensuring uniform cooling.In fact, as is well known, the higher the temperature of the casting, the more the blasting material (steel ball or shot) Increased consumption.With the method according to the invention, the temperature of the casting is kept to a low value, so that the consumption of the blasting material is also reduced.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, a granular carrier soaked with a coolant is used as the coolant and is applied to the casting.

In this case, the carrier itself may be a blasting material.

In this case, it is advantageous to inject and mix a refrigerant into the accelerated blasting material. This is because otherwise, during the acceleration of the blast system, the refrigerant would be released in bulk. When using water as a coolant, it is convenient to mix an anticorrosive agent into it. In addition to the blasting material cooling described above, conventional refrigerants (eg, atmospheric air, high-velocity air) can, of course, also be used.

Hitherto, in order to reduce the burden on the environment during the entire movement of the casting between the valley stay/yon and, at the same time, eliminate the discontinuities in the cooling process that appear in this way, it has been proposed, furthermore, on the basis of the invention, to During cooling and finishing blasting, a single transport means transports the entire casting in a defined position relative to the blasting material flow and the cooling phase flow, but with constant changes in the orientation and orientation of the casting. Therefore, there is no need to perform handovers between each station. Furthermore, by positioning and controlling the casting during the entire process, the coolant always acts on the casting under uniform spatial conditions. In this case, for example, if a cooling air stream is used, the air velocity at the casting surface can be essentially increased, thus.

Temperature gradients can be increased.

In terms of equipment technology, the above purpose is to provide a transfer means that accommodates castings in a predetermined position and can constantly change its posture, a front blasting device installed in the movement path of the transfer means, and a blasting device installed behind the blasting device. This is achieved by at least one cooling device and a finishing plaster device at the end of the transfer path.

In the case of small foundries with low production capacity, the transfer means can be laid out as a closed path (loop) through the blast-cooling chamber, with the blasting device placed in the path in the region of the entrance of the chamber. It is advantageous if a cooling device is arranged in a separate path section, the casting passes through the blasting device twice as it passes through the chamber, and the blasting device is used for pre-blasting and finishing blasting.

Devices of this type can be operated discontinuously or continuously.

In the first case, a predetermined number of castings are loaded into a plast-cooling chamber and passed sequentially through a pre-plast stage, a cooling stage and a finishing plast stage within the chamber. In the second case,
Deaf castings and cooled castings can also be treated in a blasting device located at the chamber inlet.

In the case of large foundries with large production capacities, the transfer means may be installed as a direct spinning path through a blast-cooling chamber, with a front blasting device at the entrance of said chamber and one after said blasting device. (It is preferable to provide multiple cooling devices and a finish blasting device at the outlet of the chang. In this case, the casting after demolding passes through the pre-plast zone, the cooling zone and the finish blast zone in sequence. In this configuration of the device, the blasting device and the cooling device are preferably constructed as a unit and arranged one after the other in series.

In order to determine the attitude of the casting with respect to the blasting equipment and cooling equipment, and to constantly change the unique attitude of the casting,
As a transfer means, a pass queso (12) with one side open is used, and the basket is pivotally supported on a conveyor provided essentially outside the chamber, and is slightly inclined upwardly with respect to the horizontal plane from the bottom toward the opening; Rotate 9 around an axis slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. In this case, the conveyor can be an overhead conveyor with an L-shaped suspension of the transfer basket.

The invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the drawings, which show embodiments of the device.

In the embodiment shown in FIG.
A transfer line 1 is provided. This transfer line is
It runs through the chamber as a loop with two parallel sections 5,6. In the inlet area of the chamber 20, a preplast device 3 is provided in the transfer line 10 section 5. The drawing schematically shows the impeller of the blasting device. In the other section 6 of the transfer line after the reversal, a cooling device 4 is provided, also in the chamber 2 . This cooling device uses, for example, blasting material wetted with a refrigerant. When the blasting material hits the casting, the refrigerant is separated and cleanses the casting, removing heat of vaporization and accelerating cooling.

After passing through the cooling device 4, the casting reaches part 6 of the line and again reaches the area of the blasting device 3, where it is subjected to finishing blasting.

FIG. 1 also shows modified examples. In this case, the transfer line 10 section 5 is connected after the chamber 2 to another line section 7, 8.9 in the form of a storage line and, via said extension, to the section 6 in the chamber 2. Transition. This type of configuration is particularly suitable for casting materials that are at risk of stress cracking and therefore have to be slowly cooled down to the transformation point of the structure after demolding.

FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the transfer line 1 passes through a plurality of chambers 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 as an inline. In this case, the first chamber 11 is provided with a pre-blasting device 3, the chambers 12, 13, 14 are each provided with a cooling device, and the chamber 15 at the end of the transfer line is provided with a finishing blasting device 16. be. These chambers can be constructed in unit form and can be arranged one after the other in the required number.

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the transfer means. In FIG. 3, the side wall 17 of the plasto-cooling chamber is provided with a recess opening 18 for the drive shaft 19. The drive shaft 19, which is inclined at an angle α with respect to the horizontal plane, is further provided with a transport plate 20, which is inclined at an angle β with respect to the drive shaft 19. The drive shaft 19 is pivotally supported on an L-shaped suspension member 21 fixed to a ceiling conveyor placed above the chamber 17.

Attached to the smooth bottom 23 of the transfer basket 20 are a plurality of parallel rods 24 whose protruding free ends form an opening in the transfer basket 2o. Based on the transfer basket described above, there is no need to hang the castings on the cross beams, making filling and discharging easy. Furthermore, the casting is thus held in a predetermined position and attitude relative to the blasting device and the cooling device. When the transfer bar kerato is rotated, it swings and rotates, so that the orientation and posture of the castings are constantly changed. This type of movement also often causes residual sand grains separated in the pre-plasting device to fall out of the openings in the casting.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment of the device, FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment of the device, and FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the transport means. 1. Transfer line, 2. Plast-cooling chamber, 3
... Blasting device, 4... Cooling device. LL41 people Bmd Birdy r'/ Eng.
Masiyonfaprik Durlanohake - Mbeno 1 - Agent Patent Attorney Asami Kato

Claims (1)

[Claims] ■) In a cooling and cleaning method for castings, in which the casting is performed in a mold, the casting is broken down, and then the remaining sand grains of the casting are separated and cleaned using a blasting material, and the casting is cooled. , first, a pre-plasting treatment is performed while constantly controlling and changing the orientation and posture of the casting, and during and after the above-mentioned treatment, the casting is exposed to a refrigerant, and then a final blasting treatment is performed. Method for cooling and cleaning castings. 2) The method according to claim 1, characterized in that a granular carrier wetted with a cooling liquid is used as the refrigerant and is applied to the casting. 3) The method according to claim 2, characterized in that a blasting material is used as the carrier. 4) The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the accelerated blasting material is irradiated with a refrigerant. 5) The method according to claims 2 to 4, characterized in that water mixed with an anticorrosive agent is used as the cooling liquid. 6) During pre-blasting, cooling and finishing blasting, the casting itself is constantly changed in a predetermined orientation and orientation relative to the blasting material flow and/or refrigerant flow by means of a single transfer means; The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the casting is transferred. 7) In a device for carrying out a method in which the mold is completely disassembled after casting with cast metal, and then the remaining sand grains of the casting are separated using blasting material, the casting is cleaned, and the casting is cooled.・Transportation means that can constantly change the posture, and a front plast device installed on the movement path of the transportation means,
A device characterized in that it comprises at least one cooling device located behind the plast device and a finishing plast device located at the end of the transfer path. 8) the transfer means (1, 20) pass through the plast-cooling chamber (2) as a closed line, the plast device (3) being arranged in the line section (5) in the inlet region of the chamber (2); Another line section (6) is equipped with a cooling device (4), which passes the casting material through the entire chamber (2) and then through the blasting device (3) twice. Processing and Finishing Apparatus according to claim 7 for the production of small portions, characterized in that it uses a plast process (1). 11-15) At the entrance of the chamber there is a front plast device (3), and behind the plast device there is one or more cooling devices (1).
8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that a finishing plast device (16) is provided at the outlet of said chamber. 10) Plast-cooling device (3, 12-14, 16)
10. The device according to claim 9, wherein the devices are constructed in a unit-like manner and are arranged one after another in series. 11) One side 1 is open and essentially the chamber (17
) is pivotally supported on an external conveyor, is slightly inclined upward with respect to the horizontal plane from the bottom (23) toward the opening, and rotates around an axis slightly inclined with respect to the horizontal plane. Transfer that can be done (20)'! i=
The apparatus according to claims 7 to 10, characterized in that it is used as a transport means. 12) The device according to claim 11, characterized in that an overhead conveyor is used as the conveyor, which is provided with a transfer basket (2 fold-shaped suspension members (21)) (z).