JPS5883967A - Separation of fluid - Google Patents
Separation of fluidInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5883967A JPS5883967A JP18214481A JP18214481A JPS5883967A JP S5883967 A JPS5883967 A JP S5883967A JP 18214481 A JP18214481 A JP 18214481A JP 18214481 A JP18214481 A JP 18214481A JP S5883967 A JPS5883967 A JP S5883967A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hollow fiber
- soft
- housing
- fiber bundle
- compressive force
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatinine Chemical compound CN1CC(=O)NC1=N DDRJAANPRJIHGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940109239 creatinine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011720 vitamin B Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は多数本の中空糸を束ねて構成した中空糸束なハ
ウジング内に収納し、該中空糸内の流体と、中空糸の外
側の流体との間で、該中空糸の壁を通じて選択的物質移
動を行わしめる流体分離法の改良に関するもので、特に
透析による血液浄化に有用なものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a housing in which a large number of hollow fibers are bundled together, and which is a bundle of hollow fibers. This invention relates to an improved method of fluid separation that allows for selective mass transfer through the walls of hollow fibers, and is particularly useful for blood purification by dialysis.
血液透析は、中空糸タイプの膜の出現により、透−折畳
は小型化され性能も向上したが、なお十分−と−は云え
ない。たとえば通常の血液透析器において行なわれてい
るように、円筒状の筒に中空糸を平行に束ねた場合、中
心部分の膜と外縁部分の膜では異なった挙動をし、とく
に中央部では透析液が中空糸束の抵抗のために還流せず
、効率の低下が著しい。また、透析液側の境膜抵抗が太
きいため、透析効率が低下する。In hemodialysis, with the advent of hollow fiber type membranes, transparent folding has been made smaller and its performance has improved, but it is still not sufficient. For example, when hollow fibers are bundled parallel to each other in a cylindrical tube, as is done in a normal hemodialyzer, the membranes in the center and the membranes in the outer edge behave differently, and especially in the center, the dialysate is not refluxed due to the resistance of the hollow fiber bundle, resulting in a significant drop in efficiency. Furthermore, since the membrane resistance on the dialysate side is large, the dialysis efficiency decreases.
本発明者らは、これらの欠点を改良するため、種々研究
の結果本発明に到達した。The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of various studies in order to improve these drawbacks.
すなわち、本発明は多数本の中空糸を束ねて構成した中
空糸束を、少（とも該中空糸束の側方向に相当する部分
が軟質又は弾性を有する高分子材料からなるハウジング
内に収納し、該中空糸内の流体と、中空糸の外側であり
、且つハウジングの内側にある流体との間で該中空糸の
壁を通じて選択的物質移動を行わしめる流体分離法にお
いて、ハウジングの軟質又は弾性高分子材料より成る部
分に断続的にくり返し圧縮力を加えることを特徴とする
流体分離方法である。That is, the present invention accommodates a hollow fiber bundle formed by bundling a large number of hollow fibers in a housing made of a polymeric material having a soft or elastic portion (at least in the lateral direction of the hollow fiber bundle). , in a fluid separation method in which selective mass transfer is performed through the walls of the hollow fiber between the fluid in the hollow fiber and the fluid outside the hollow fiber and inside the housing, the soft or elastic housing This is a fluid separation method characterized by repeatedly applying compressive force intermittently to a portion made of a polymeric material.
本発明に用いる中空糸は、通常透析用に用いられ′る、
再生セルロース系、セルロースアセテート系、ポリメチ
ルメタクリレート系、ビニルＧ
アルコ−ｌとエチレンなどの共重合体系、多孔質ポリオ
レフィン系その他である。中空糸束は、第１図、第２図
のようにＵ字状に曲げ、２つの両端部を樹脂を用いて接
着し、これを硬質板（８）に固定する形式としてもよい
し、第３図、第４図のごとく平行な繊維の束の両端を樹
脂で接着し、この両端部を夫々硬質板に固定してもよい
。The hollow fiber used in the present invention is usually used for dialysis.
These include regenerated cellulose, cellulose acetate, polymethyl methacrylate, copolymers of vinyl G alcohol and ethylene, porous polyolefin, and others. The hollow fiber bundle may be bent into a U-shape as shown in Figs. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, both ends of a bundle of parallel fibers may be adhered with resin, and both ends may be fixed to a hard plate, respectively.
本発明の方法においては、中空糸束（５）を収納するハ
ウジング（６）の、少な（とも中空糸束の側方向に相当
する部分が軟質又は弾性を有する高分子材料から構成さ
れることが必要である。これは、たとえば第１図、第２
図のように、中空糸束（５）の両端を固定した硬質板部
（８）に袋状の軟。In the method of the present invention, a small portion (corresponding to the lateral direction of the hollow fiber bundle) of the housing (6) that houses the hollow fiber bundle (5) may be made of a soft or elastic polymeric material. This is necessary, for example, in Figures 1 and 2.
As shown in the figure, a bag-shaped soft plate is attached to the hard plate part (8) to which both ends of the hollow fiber bundle (5) are fixed.
板（８）の間に軟質又は弾性を有する筒状物（６）を接
合する。A soft or elastic cylindrical object (6) is joined between the plates (8).
これらの軟質又は弾性を有する高分子材料としては、た
とえばポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、軟質ポリ塩化ビ
ニル、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、′合成ゴム、天然ゴ
ムその他が用いられ、形態としては、袋状、管状フィル
ム状物等を接着、成形等によりハウジングを形成する。These soft or elastic polymeric materials include, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, soft polyvinyl chloride, polyamide, polyester, synthetic rubber, natural rubber, etc., and their forms include bags, tubular films, etc. A housing is formed by gluing, molding, etc.
また、補強材として編地、織物等の布帛を貼り合わせた
複合材料を用いてもよい。布帛は貼り合わせるのみでな
く、単に高分子材料のハウジングを被覆する形態でもよ
い。Furthermore, a composite material made by laminating fabrics such as knitted fabrics and woven fabrics may be used as the reinforcing material. The fabric may not only be bonded together, but may also simply cover the housing of the polymeric material.
一般的な使用法としては、第１図〜４図の（１）より中
空糸内に浄化すべき血液等の液体を導入し、透析により
浄化された血液等の液体は、出口（２）から体内へ還流
される。In general usage, a liquid such as blood to be purified is introduced into the hollow fiber from (1) in Figures 1 to 4, and the liquid such as blood purified by dialysis is passed through the outlet (2). It is refluxed into the body.
透析液は（３）よりハウジング内に導入され、（４）よ
り排出される（この逆でもよい）。中空糸内の血液等液
体中の低分子量溶質（尿素、クレアチニン、低分子イオ
ンその他）は中空糸膜を通して透析液中へ移行し、血液
等の液体が浄化される。The dialysate is introduced into the housing through (3) and discharged through (4) (the reverse is also possible). Low molecular weight solutes (urea, creatinine, low molecular weight ions, etc.) in a liquid such as blood inside the hollow fibers are transferred into the dialysate through the hollow fiber membrane, and the liquid such as blood is purified.
ここで、本発明の方法においては、中空糸束の側方向に
相当するハウジングの軟質又は弾性高分子材料より成る
部分に断続的にくり返し圧縮力を加える。これにより、
ハウジング中の透析液は乱され、中空糸束も動揺するた
め、中空糸束の中心部分と外縁部分の透析効率の差は解
消し、所謂チャンネリングの現象の発生も防止出来る。Here, in the method of the present invention, a compressive force is repeatedly applied intermittently to a portion of the housing made of a soft or elastic polymeric material that corresponds to the lateral direction of the hollow fiber bundle. This results in
Since the dialysate in the housing is disturbed and the hollow fiber bundle is also agitated, the difference in dialysis efficiency between the center portion and the outer edge portion of the hollow fiber bundle is eliminated, and the so-called channeling phenomenon can also be prevented.
また、透析液の乱れによって、透析液側の境膜抵抗が減
少し、透析効率を著しく高めることが出来る。Furthermore, the turbulence of the dialysate reduces membrane resistance on the dialysate side, making it possible to significantly improve dialysis efficiency.
このような効果を十分にあげるためには、くり返し圧縮
力を加える時間的間隔があき過ぎると好ましくないので
、たとえば２０回／分以上のくり返し圧縮力を加えるこ
とが望ましい。くり返し圧縮力を加えるためには、第１
図〜４図のように往復運動をする振動棒（７）を用いて
機械的力を作用させてもよいし、単に第５図のようなモ
ジュールに手で断続的に圧力を加えてもよい。また第１
〜第５図の装置の少なくとも側壁部に相当する部分を密
閉容器に入れ、容器内の気体の圧力を変動させることに
よって、周期的な圧縮力を加えることも出来る。In order to sufficiently obtain such an effect, it is preferable to repeatedly apply the compressive force 20 times/minute or more, since it is undesirable to apply the compressive force repeatedly at too long a time interval. In order to repeatedly apply compressive force, first
Mechanical force may be applied using a vibrating rod (7) that reciprocates as shown in Figures 4 to 4, or pressure may simply be applied intermittently to the module by hand as shown in Figure 5. . Also the first
It is also possible to apply periodic compressive force by placing at least a portion of the apparatus shown in FIG. 5 in a closed container and varying the pressure of the gas within the container.
本発明の方法により、特に血液浄化器の効率は著しく向
上し、これにより浄化器の小型化が可能となったり、透
析時間の短縮が図られその効果は太きいものである。By the method of the present invention, the efficiency of blood purifiers in particular is significantly improved, which makes it possible to downsize the purifiers and shorten the dialysis time, which has great effects.
実施例１
中空糸としてＥＮＫＡ Ｇｒａｎｚｓｔｏｆｆ ＡＧ
ｌ！ＪのＣｕｐｒｏｐｈａｎｅ Ｄ−４を用い、第３図
に示す中空糸８５００本からなる平行繊維束型の膜面積
１−のモジュールを試作した。外筒（６）として軟質ポ
リ塩化ビニル製パイプを用い、これに硬質ポリ塩化ビニ
ル製のキャップ（８）を接着し、この中にＣｕｐｒｏｐ
ｈａｎｅ の繊維束をポリウレタン系接着剤により、
接着固定した。Example 1 ENKA Granzstoff AG as hollow fiber
l! A parallel fiber bundle type module having a membrane area of 1 - consisting of 8,500 hollow fibers as shown in FIG. 3 was prototyped using Cuprophane D-4 manufactured by J. A soft polyvinyl chloride pipe is used as the outer cylinder (6), a hard polyvinyl chloride cap (8) is glued to it, and Cuprop is placed inside it.
Hane fiber bundles are bonded with polyurethane adhesive.
Fixed with adhesive.
血液のモデル液として、尿素０．１ｆｉ、ビタミンＢ、
、０．００２５％を添加した生理食塩水をＱＢ＝２００
ｄ／ｍｉｎで中空糸内に還流した。透析液はＱ Ｄ ＝
５００ ｍｌ／ ｍｉｎで入口（３）よりハウジング
内に導入し、出口（４）から排出した。圧縮装置（７）
により８０回／分の周期で、振巾１０ｍの周期的圧縮力
を加える。この場合のクリアランスを表１に示す。また
、比較例として周期的圧縮力を加えなかった場合のクリ
アランスを表１に併せて示す。As a blood model fluid, urea 0.1fi, vitamin B,
, physiological saline added with 0.0025% QB=200
It was refluxed into the hollow fiber at a rate of d/min. The dialysate is Q D =
It was introduced into the housing from the inlet (3) at a rate of 500 ml/min and discharged from the outlet (4). Compression device (7)
A periodic compressive force with an amplitude of 10 m is applied at a cycle of 80 times/min. The clearance in this case is shown in Table 1. Further, as a comparative example, Table 1 also shows the clearance when no periodic compressive force was applied.
表 １ クリアランス（ｍｌ ／ ｍｉｎ ） 尿 素 ビタミンＢＩ２ 本実施例 １６９ ４５ 比較例 １３５ ５４Table 1 Clearance (ml/min) Urine element Vitamin BI2 This example 169 45 Comparative example 135 54
第１図は本発明の方法に用いる装置の１例を示す斜視図
であり、第２図は第１図の装置の側面図である。第６図
は本発明の方法に用いる他の例の側面断面図である。第
４図、５図は、本発明の方法に用いる更に他の例の斜視
図である。
１・・・・被透析液 入口（又は出口）２・・・・
〃 出口（又は入口）６・・・・透析液 入口
４・・・・ 〃 出口 ・
５・・・・中空糸
６・・・・軟質又は弾性を有する高分子材料７・・・・
振動棒
８・・・・硬質ハウジング材料FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of an apparatus used in the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of another example used in the method of the present invention. 4 and 5 are perspective views of still other examples used in the method of the present invention. 1... Dialysate inlet (or outlet) 2...
〃 Outlet (or inlet) 6... Dialysate Inlet 4... 〃 Outlet ・ 5... Hollow fiber 6... Soft or elastic polymeric material 7...
Vibration rod 8...Hard housing material
Claims (1)
性を有する高分子材料からなるハウジング内に収納し、
該中空糸の内外の流体間で該中空糸の壁を通じて選択的
物質移動を行わしめる流体分離方法において、ハウジン
グの軟質又は弾性高分子材料より成る部分に断続的にく
り返し圧縮力を加えることを特徴とする流体分離方法。A hollow fiber bundle formed by bundling a large number of hollow fibers is housed in a housing made of a soft or elastic polymer material,
A fluid separation method for performing selective mass transfer between fluids inside and outside the hollow fiber through the wall of the hollow fiber, characterized in that a compressive force is repeatedly applied intermittently to a portion of the housing made of a soft or elastic polymeric material. Fluid separation method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18214481A JPS5883967A (en) | 1981-11-13 | 1981-11-13 | Separation of fluid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18214481A JPS5883967A (en) | 1981-11-13 | 1981-11-13 | Separation of fluid |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5883967A true JPS5883967A (en) | 1983-05-19 |
| JPS6348549B2 JPS6348549B2 (en) | 1988-09-29 |
Family
ID=16113119
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP18214481A Granted JPS5883967A (en) | 1981-11-13 | 1981-11-13 | Separation of fluid |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5883967A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6412602U (en) * | 1987-07-14 | 1989-01-23 | ||
| JPH11319079A (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-11-24 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | Hollow fiber hemodialyzer |
| JPH11319080A (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-11-24 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | Hollow fiber hemodialyzer |
| JP2013513466A (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2013-04-22 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Method for making a hollow fiber filtration device surrounded by two thermoplastic parts |
-
1981
- 1981-11-13 JP JP18214481A patent/JPS5883967A/en active Granted
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6412602U (en) * | 1987-07-14 | 1989-01-23 | ||
| JPH11319079A (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-11-24 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | Hollow fiber hemodialyzer |
| JPH11319080A (en) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-11-24 | Nikkiso Co Ltd | Hollow fiber hemodialyzer |
| JP2013513466A (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2013-04-22 | ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ | Method for making a hollow fiber filtration device surrounded by two thermoplastic parts |
| EP2509707B1 (en) * | 2009-12-10 | 2019-04-24 | General Electric Company | Methods for making a hollow fiber filtration apparatus enclosed by two thermoplastic parts |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6348549B2 (en) | 1988-09-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100438933C (en) | Dialyser and its producing method | |
| CA1102710A (en) | Membrane unit and device for cleansing blood | |
| US4623460A (en) | Fluid separation element | |
| US3522885A (en) | Parallel flow hemodialyzer | |
| GB1602060A (en) | Artificial kidney and method for making same | |
| EP0640006A1 (en) | Spiral wound membrane element | |
| CN105771656B (en) | Reverse osmosis membrane assembly and preparation method thereof | |
| CA1163929A (en) | Mass transfer apparatus with collapsed semipermeable membrane | |
| WO1998022161A1 (en) | Hollow fiber dialyzer | |
| JP4524400B2 (en) | Filter for reducing white blood cells from blood products | |
| JPH01151906A (en) | Manufacturing method of hollow fiber membrane module cartridge | |
| US3660280A (en) | Dialysis apparatus | |
| JPS5883967A (en) | Separation of fluid | |
| US3862031A (en) | Multi-layer membrane type mass transfer device and process | |
| US3956449A (en) | Flat plate dialyzer and method of making same | |
| JP2000271457A (en) | Operation of spiral type membrane element and spiral type membrane module and spiral type membrane module | |
| JPS63242268A (en) | Mixed fiber dialyser | |
| JP2937678B2 (en) | Filtration module | |
| JPS60251057A (en) | Packaging vessel for sterilizing autoclave | |
| JPS6361023B2 (en) | ||
| JP4237534B2 (en) | Blood purifier | |
| JPS6031764Y2 (en) | Separation device | |
| JPH04247223A (en) | Hollow-fiber membrane module | |
| JP2000070360A (en) | Hollow fiber membrane type dialyzer | |
| JPH0451851Y2 (en) |