JPS5874516A - Manufacturing apparatus for regularly shaped dry ice - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To stably manufacture regularly shaped dry ice having fixed weight by vertically arranging a cylinder for forming snowy dry ice and a cylinder for molding regularly shaped dry ice with a shutter space in-between and by pushing out molded dry ice into the space. CONSTITUTION:A cylinder 1 for forming snowy dry ice and a cylinder 2 for formfing regularly shaped dry ice are vertically arranged with a shutter space in-between, and shutters are set in the space so that they can move back and forth. Snowy dry ice formed through nozzles 13 for blowing liquefied gaseous CO2 is blown into the cylinder 1 from the upper blowing tubes 12 of the cylinder 1 and pressed to low density with a prepressing tool 8. It is dropped into the cylinder 2 and pressed to high density with a pressing tool 10 to mold regularly shaped dry ice. The dry ice is pushed out into the shutter space and mounted on a discharging table 15. During this time, by working the shutter 6 and the auxiliary shutter 7, prepressing in the cylinder 1, pressing in the cylinder 2 and the discharge of regularly shaped dry ice are carried out simultaneously.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing foot-shaped dry ice using liquid carbon dioxide as a raw material.

That is, the present invention relates to a shaped dry ice manufacturing apparatus used by a dry ice maker to mass-produce shaped dry ice for restaurants, ice cream factories, confectionery shops, and the like.

Among the regular shaped dry ice production devices, a conventional device similar to the device according to the present invention is British Patent No. ll33.
It is described in Publication No. 0/Za (``Improvements in solid dry ice production presses''), and its outline is shown in FIGS. 1 and 8.

Liquid carbon dioxide is ejected from the nozzle 51 at the top of the charging cylinder 5o to generate snow-like dry ice through adiabatic expansion, which fills the charging cylinder 50, and the shutter 52 is opened to press this snow-like dry ice. After falling into the cylinder 53 by gravity, the shutter 52 is closed and the ice is compressed with a breath plunger 55 to form a dry ice block 57. At this time, in parallel with the compression in the press cylinder 56, the charging cylinder 5o is filled with snow-like dry ice for the next cycle.

Thereafter, the press cylinder 53 is lowered by the cylindrical piston 58 at its lower part, so that the dry ice block 57 of the press plunger 55 is exposed outside the press cylinder 53 and taken out.

However, this conventional device still has the following drawbacks.

(1) In order to take out the dry ice block 57 from inside the press cylinder 53, the inside of the press cylinder 53 is raised and lowered, so a driving means for the cylindrical piston 58 is essential, which complicates the structure and reduces durability. , becomes expensive.

(2) In the case of automatic operation, it is necessary to provide a transfer means for removing the salt 9 from the dry ice blot 57 remaining on the press plunger 55, which further complicates the structure of the apparatus.

(3) Since the snow-like dry ice supplied into the press cylinder 53 is compressed and solidified, if you want to manufacture a large dry ice block 57, the height of the press cylinder 56 should be made high, and the Output press drive device 5
Since it is necessary to make 6 into an arrow stroke, the device becomes large and extremely expensive.
・(4) When compressing snow-like dry ice in the press cylinder 53, carbon dioxide residue in the snow-like dry ice is trapped in the dry ice, and this carbon dioxide gas prevents compression. Not only does the density become smaller, but the compression work speed becomes slower. Dry ice block 57 cracks due to the high pressure of carbon dioxide trapped inside.
, or easily chipped.

(5) By providing two shutters 52, even when quantifying the dry ice block 57, some of the snow-like dry ice adheres to the inner wall of the charging cylinder 50 and remains. Dry ice block 57 is difficult to quantify.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention is a snow-like dry ice generating cylinder! Regular-shaped dry ice forming cylinders are arranged vertically with a shutter space in between.2, a preloading tool is installed inside the forming cylinder so that it can move up and down, and snow-like dry ice i inside the forming cylinder is installed.
By pre-squeezing and then feeding into the forming cylinder, and by moving an auxiliary shutter forward from the top of the shutter, it is possible to open only the receiving port while keeping the sending port closed. Then, while continuing to generate snow-like dry ice, regular-shaped dry ice is molded in the molding cylinder 7, and the shaped dry ice is extruded into the shutter space with a pressing tool.
By pushing this with the product extrusion surface in front of the shutter, the regular shaped dry ice is taken out.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, a snow-like dry ice generating cylinder 1 and a regular dry ice forming cylinder 2 are arranged vertically in series with a shutter space 6 in between. The intake port 5 at the upper end of the shutter 2 is open to a shutter space 6, and a shutter 6 that simultaneously opens and closes the outlet port 4 and the intake port 5 is disposed so as to be movable back and forth within the shutter space 3.

A preload tool 8 is installed in the production cylinder 1 so as to be movable up and down via a pre-squeeze driving device 9 consisting of a hydraulic cylinder, and a compression tool 10 is installed in the forming cylinder 2 on the forming side fd consisting of a hydraulic cylinder.
It is installed inside so that it can be moved up and down via the J-equipment 211.

A nozzle 13 for ejecting liquid carbon dioxide gas is attached to the top of a pair of snow-like dry ice blowing cylinders 12 that are symmetrically attached obliquely upward to the upper part of the generation cylinder 1. Ice is blown into the production cylinder 1 to fill it, and then pre-squeezed with a pre-compression tool 8 to compress snow-like dry ice to a low density 1, which is then allowed to fall by gravity into the formation cylinder 2. In this process, dry ice is compressed and solidified to a high density with a pressing tool 10 to form a regular-shaped dry ice. By performing two steps of compression and taking out the regular shaped dry ice out of the molding cylinder 2 in parallel, high quality regular shaped dry ice is manufactured with high efficiency.

Here, the detailed structure of the shaped dry ice manufacturing apparatus will be explained based on FIGS. 2 and 3.

The snow-like dry ice producing cylinder 1 and the regular dry ice forming cylinder 2 are each formed from a rectangular cylinder made of gold maple, and are supported between support frames 17 made of front and rear/pair steel plates.

The generation cylinder 1 is made of a stainless steel plate, and a full-mesh gas vent 18 is opened near its upper end to release carbon dioxide residue sublimated from the snow-like dry ice. Collect carbon dioxide gas in a duct 19 that surrounds the outside of the
The waste is discharged to the outside from the waste discharge port 20 of the duct.

! In addition, the liquid carbon dioxide scum spouting nozzle 16 generates snow-like dry ice from liquid carbon dioxide gas using the principle of adiabatic expansion, and is attached to the rear end of the snow-like dry ice blowing cylinder 12. It is connected to the liquid carbon dioxide gas cylinder 21 via the supply 422f. The snow-like dry ice blowing tube 12 is formed of a rectangular tube that extends toward the front and downward, and the snow-like dry ice blowing port 14 opens at the lower side of the n1 gas escape hole 18. .

The square shaped dry ice cylinder 2 is made of a stainless steel plate, and reinforcing ribs and heat-absorbing fins 24 are formed on the outside of its upper part. That is, since the snow-like dry ice is compressed under high pressure at the end of the step of compressing the snow-like dry ice within the forming cylinder 2, it is necessary to form the upper part of the forming cylinder 2 with a large strength.

Further, when extruding the regular-shaped dry ice 16 into the shutter space 3, the reinforcing lip 24 is arranged so that the inner peripheral wall surface of the forming tube 2 and the outer peripheral surface of the regular-shaped dry ice 16 melt and easily peel off. The heat absorbing performance is increased by increasing the surface area as much as possible, and the fins 24 are formed as supplementary IJ and heat absorbing fins.

Further, in order to improve the peeling off of the regular shaped dry ice 16, it is necessary to form the inner circumferential surface of the molding cylinder 2 into a smooth surface.

The shutter 6 is provided with a shutter drive device 25 consisting of a hydraulic cylinder in the shutter space 6 between the production cylinder 1 and the raw cylinder 2.
This printer 6 can open and close the outlet 4 at the lower end of the producing cylinder 1 and the receiving opening 5 at the upper end of the forming cylinder 2 at the same time.

In addition, an auxiliary shutter 7 that is extended forward from the top of the front surface of the shutter 6 can close the outlet 4 and open the inlet 5, and when the shutter 6 is pulled rearward, both the outlet 4 and the inlet 5 are closed. It will be opened.

In other words, the shutter 6 and the auxiliary shutter 7 are in a fully closed position where the shutter 6 closes the outlet 4 and the intake 5, and a fully closed position where the shutter 6 moves back to open the intake 5 and the auxiliary shutter 7 closes the outlet 4. The bottom opening position and the top closing position, and the shutter 6 and auxiliary shutter 7 are moved back and the outlet port 4 is closed.
It is configured to be switchable between three positions via a shutter drive device 25, including a fully open position in which both the opening and the receiving port 5 are opened.

Here, the process for manufacturing regular shaped dry ice will be explained based on FIG.

At the initial startup, as shown in (I), the shutter 6
is set to the fully closed position, and the preload pusher 8 is switched to the standby position above the snow-like dry ice inlet 14 to open the production cylinder'.
Next, in (U), the pre-pressing tool 8 is driven downward from the standby position to the pre-squeezing position at the bottom of the snow-like dry ice inlet to produce snow-like dry ice. (In the previous step, the shutter 6 and the auxiliary shutter 7 were switched to the fully open position, and then the preload pusher 8 was lowered from the precompression position to a lower pushing position,
The pre-pressed snow-like dry ice 15 is dropped into the forming cylinder 2, and then in (IV) the shutter 6 is again set to the fully closed position, and the pre-pressed snow-like dry ice 1 is placed inside the forming cylinder 2.
5 with a surface pressure of about /30 kq/(M2) to form regular dry ice 16, and in parallel with this, the production cylinder 1 is filled with snow-like dry ice. After that, (V
), the regular shaped dry ice 16 is pushed out from the inside of the molding cylinder 2 into the shutter space 6 with the bottom open and the top closed position, and then the regular shaped dry ice 16 is pushed out of the shutter 6 when moving the shutter 6 to the fully closed position. Front product extrusion surface 28
The product is pushed forward, slid on the product take-out table 29, and transferred to the front side of the shutter space 3.

Further, in parallel with the above, snow-like dry ice is continuously generated in the production cylinder 1 to fill the production cylinder 1 with a predetermined amount of snow-like dry ice. Then (V) → (n) → (II
By periodically repeating the process of I) → (tV),
It produces dry ice with high efficiency.

Here, the explanation based on FIGS. 2 and 3 will be continued again.

When pre-compressing the snow-like dry ice in the production cylinder 1, the carbon dioxide residue in the snow-like dry ice is made easy to escape, and when forming into the regular-shaped dry ice 16 in the forming cylinder 2, the carbon dioxide gas in the dry ice is Shutter 6 to make it easier to escape.
is made of sintered metal, which is a porous material with air permeability, and has a waste removal space 30 open to the outside formed therein.

In this way, regular shaped dry ice can be efficiently formed without being hindered by the carbon dioxide gas pressure, and the regular shaped dry ice 16 as a product also has a high density and is of high quality and difficult to break.

From the above point of view, as shown in FIG. 5, the lower part 31 of the generating cylinder 1 can also be formed of the above-mentioned sintered metal.
□ Furthermore, it is desirable that the upper part of the molded cylinder 2 is also made of sintered metal.

Next, the insulation structure between the forming drive device 11 and the pressing tool 10, the pre-compression, and the drive device 9 and the pre-pressing tool 8 will be explained.

Since the pressing tool 10 and the preloading tool 8 are almost always in contact with dry ice at a sub-cryogenic temperature of about -70°C, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic cylinder is cooled and its viscosity increases, so that the hydraulic pressure supply is reduced. This not only causes a decrease in the output of the device 31, but also absorbs heat from the hydraulic cylinder through the pressing tool 10 and the pre-pressing tool 8, promoting sublimation of the dry ice and reducing the yield.

In order to prevent this, a heat insulating plate 8b made of an FRP heat insulating material with excellent heat insulation properties is provided between the stainless steel pressure receiving plates 8c and 1Dc of the preloading tool 8 and the pressing tool 10 and the substrate 8a and IDa.
10b is interposed.

In addition, the hydraulic cylinder of the shutter drive device 25 is also cooled via the auxiliary shutter 7 and the piston rod.
It is desirable to interpose a heat insulating material (path shown) between the auxiliary shutter 7 and the piston rond.

In the above, the hydraulic pressure supply device 61 that supplies pressure oil to each hydraulic cylinder is composed of an oil tank, a hydraulic pump, an electric motor, other direction switching solenoid valves, a pressure switch, and the like.

Furthermore, the control device 62 is equipped with a sequence control circuit, and the direction switching solenoid valve of the pressure oil supply passage 33 and the opening/closing solenoid valve 23 of the liquid carbon dioxide supply passage 22 are based on the detection signals of the limit switches LS1 to LS8. By controlling the opening and closing of the dry ice, the regular dry ice manufacturing equipment is automatically operated. However, manual operation is also possible if necessary.

Here, detailed explanation of the control system is omitted, but for one cycle of each movement sequence of the preloading tool 8, the pressing tool 10, the shutter 6, and the auxiliary shutter 7, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6. Give a simple explanation.

The upper limit position, pressurization limit position, and lower limit position of the pressing tool 10 that moves up and down in the molding cylinder 2 are detected by a limit switch LS1, a limit switch LS2, a pressure switch (path shown), and a limit switch LS3, respectively. The standby position, precompression position, and falling position of the preload press 8 in the production cylinder 1 are detected by a limit switch LS7, a pressure switch (path shown), and a limit switch LS8, respectively. Further, the fully open position, bottom open top closed position, and fully closed position of the shutter 6 and the auxiliary shutter 7 are detected by limit switches LS4, LS5, and LS6, respectively.

When the automatic start button is pressed, the opening/closing solenoid valve 22 of the liquid carbon dioxide gas supply path opens, filling the production cylinder 1 with snow-like dry ice, and detecting signals from each limit switch LSI to LS8 and the pressure switch and sequence control. The operation is controlled as follows based on signals from timers and relays in the circuit.

After being opened to the fully open position (indicated by reference numeral C), the pre-squeezed snow-like dry ice 15 falls by gravity from inside the production cylinder 1 into the forming cylinder 2 (indicated by reference numeral C).

Next, the shutter 6 is switched to the fully open position (indicated by reference numeral di), and the compressing tool 10 is driven upward within the forming cylinder 2 to form the pre-pressed snow-like dry ice 15 into the regular dry ice 1'6.
(denoted by e).

After this compression molding, the shutter 6 and the auxiliary shutter 7 are switched to the downward opening position (indicated by symbol f), and then the pressing tool 10 is raised to the upper limit position (indicated by symbol g) to dry the regular shape. When the ice 16 is transferred to the shutter space 3 (indicated by the reference numerals) and the shutter 6 is moved forward and switched to the fully closed position, the shaped dry ice 16 is pushed by the product extrusion surface 28 on the front of the shutter 6 and the product is removed. The product is moved to the product take-out position on the platform 29 (indicated by a raised symbol).

In parallel with the process, the on-off solenoid valve 23 of the liquid carbon dioxide gas supply path 22 is opened to supply snow-like dry ice into the production cylinder 1 for the next process cycle.

Since the present invention is configured and operates as described above, it has the following effects. 1.5. 1) To take out the shaped dry ice after molding out of the molding cylinder, a compressor is used to push it into the shutter space, and the shutter is used to transport it to the product take-out position. According to this, since the forming cylinder can be fixedly installed, a driving device for the forming cylinder can be omitted.

And, omitting the device dedicated to taking out ice cream from the regular-sized drum,
Since it can be pushed out using a shutter, the overall structure of the device can be simplified and miniaturized, and it can be manufactured at low cost.

Since its height is reduced, the overall height of the molding cylinder can be lowered.
Accordingly, the stroke of the high-output molding drive device can also be shortened and the molding drive device can be made smaller.

Therefore, the overall height of the device can be reduced, the weight can be reduced, and the device can be manufactured at low cost.

3) Then, by prepressing and pre-squeezing the snow-like dry ice produced inside the production cylinder with a Kadoma and then dropping it, all of it can be supplied to the forming cylinder, resulting in a constant weight of dry ice. It is possible to stably produce foot-shaped dry ice.

4) Possibly, during the pre-pressure pressing of the snow-like dry ice, the transfer from the production cylinder to the forming cylinder and the start of compression, some of the carbon dioxide scum that was trapped in the pre-compression dry ice could easily escape to the outside. Because it escapes, the amount of carbon dioxide gas that can be trapped in regular dry ice is greatly reduced.

As a result, the compression molding is hardly hindered by the carbon dioxide scum sealed in the dry ice during compression molding, so the output of the molding drive device can be used to improve the molding efficiency of the compact U-shaped dry ice and improve the quality of the regular shaped dry ice. can be increased.

5) When the shutter is made of an air-permeable porous material, the carbon dioxide gas in the snow-like dry ice escapes to the outside through the shutter when the snow-like dry ice is compressed, so that the compression is carried out by the pressure of the carbon dioxide scum. Since it is no longer obstructed, the molding drive device can be downsized, molding efficiency can be increased, and the quality of shaped dry ice can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 6 is a diagram of the operating sequence of the compressing tool, preloading tool, shirt starter, and auxiliary shutter that are driven and controlled based on detection signals from each limit switch, etc., and Figures 1 and 8 are longitudinal cross-sectional front views of the conventional device. It is a diagram. 1. Snow-like dry ice production cylinder, 2. Regular dry ice forming cylinder, 6. Shutter space, 4.
Outlet port, 5...Intake port, 6...Shutter, 7
・・Auxiliary shutter, 8.・Preload tool (8b・・Insulation material), 9・・Precompression drive device, 10・・Squeezing tool (
10b...insulating material), 11...molding drive device,
13. Nozzle, 14. Snow-shaped dry ice inlet, 16. Shaped dry ice, 24. Reinforcement and heat absorption fin, 25. Shutter drive device, 28.
・Extrusion surface, 29... Take-out stand. Patent applicant Iwatani Sangyo Co., Ltd. FIG, 4 FIG, 5 FIG, 7 FIG, 8

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A regular shaped dry ice forming cylinder 2 is arranged below the snow-like dry ice generating cylinder 1 with a shutter space 3 left therebetween, and a snow-like dry ice outlet 4 is provided on the bottom surface of the generating cylinder 1. A shutter 6 is disposed in the shutter space 3 to open the receiving port 5 for snow-like dry ice on the upper surface of the forming cylinder 2, and a shutter 6 for simultaneously opening and closing the sending port 4 and the receiving port 5 is disposed in the shutter space 3. The liquid carbon dioxide gas spouting nozzle 16 is faced, the shutter 6 is driven to open and close back and forth by the shutter drive device 25, and the compression tool 10 is inserted into the molding cylinder 2 so as to be slidable up and down.
can be driven up and down by the molding drive device t11, and the nozzle 16
Liquid carbon dioxide gas is ejected from the generating cylinder 1 to generate snow-like dry ice inside the generating cylinder 1, and the shutter 6 is opened by the shutter drive device 25 to send the snow-like dry ice inside the generating cylinder 1 to the outlet 4 and the shutter space 3. and into the molding cylinder 2 through the receiving port 5, the shutter 6 is closed by the shutter drive device 25, and the compression tool 1o is compressed upward by the molding drive device 11,
In a shaped dry ice manufacturing apparatus configured to compress snow-like dry ice and form it into shaped dry ice 16 in a shaping tube 2, a preload presser 8 is inserted into the production tube 1 so as to be slidable up and down. , the precompression press 8 is moved by the precompression drive device 9 to a standby position higher than the snow-like dry ice inlet 14 facing the nozzle 13, a precompression position lower than the suction port 14, and a drop position lower than the precompression position. configured so that it can be switched between
An auxiliary shutter 7 is provided to protrude forward from the top of the shutter 6, and the front surface of the shutter 6 is formed as an extrusion surface 28 for the regular dry ice 16, and the height of the extrusion surface 28 is set to be higher than the height of the regular dry ice 16. A take-out table 29 for the regular dry ice 16 is installed on the lower surface of the front side of the shutter space 3.
a fully closed position in which the shutter 6 closes the outlet port 4 and the inlet port 5; a fully closed position in which the shutter 6 retreats to open the inlet port 5 and an auxiliary shutter 7 closes the outlet port 4; The shutter 6'- and the auxiliary shutter 7 are configured to be switchable and driveable by a shutter drive device 25 in three positions: a fully open position where both the shutter 6 and the auxiliary shutter 7 are moved back and both the outlet port 4 and the inlet port 5 are opened. A shaped dry ice manufacturing device 2, characterized in that in the shaped dry ice manufacturing device described in claim 1, the drive devices #9, #11, and #25 each consist of a hydraulic cylinder; Molding 11 12
, a pre-squeezing drive device 9 is provided directly above the production cylinder 1, and a shutter drive device 25 is provided on the rear side of the shutter space 3. , the pressing tool 10 and the preloading tool 8''fr are connected to the piston rods of the respective hydraulic cylinders of the forming drive device 11 and the precompression drive device 9 via heat insulating materials 10b and 8b, respectively.Claim 1: Any one of the items 3 to 3
5, in which the shaped dry ice forming cylinder 2 and the snow-like dry ice producing cylinder 1 are each formed of a rectangular cylinder in the shaped dry ice production apparatus described in Claims 1 to 4. Any one
6, in which a reinforcing rib and heat-absorbing fin 24 is attached to the outside of the upper part of the shaped dry ice forming cylinder 2 in the shaped dry ice production apparatus described in Claims 1 to 5. 1
In the shaped dry ice manufacturing apparatus described in paragraph 1, at least the upper part of the inner circumferential frame of the shaped dry ice forming cylinder 2 is made of stainless steel and formed into a smooth surface. In the shaped dry ice production apparatus described in any one of the above,
Shutter 6 made of an air-permeable porous material 8; In the shaped dry ice production apparatus set forth in claim 7, the porous material is sintered metal.
'9, any one of claims 1 to 8
10, 4!, in which two nozzles 13 for ejecting liquid carbon dioxide gas are arranged symmetrically in a part of the snow-like dry ice producing cylinder 1 in the fixed-form dry ice production apparatus described in Section 10, 4! In the shaped dry ice manufacturing apparatus described in any one of claims 1 to 9,
At least the lower peripheral wall of the snow-like dry ice generating cylinder 1 is made of a breathable porous material.