JPS58216868A - Method of preventing generation of ribbon winding in case when yarn is rolled through rough pitch winding - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention is directed to the prevention of ribbon winding (Bild) or (Elpiegel) in yarn winding with coarse pitch winding.
(also referred to as prevention of recirculation winding). When winding the thread onto the tappin, the thread is reciprocated across its direction of travel over a predetermined distance (stroke or stave) that substantially corresponds to the length of the bobbin. This reciprocating motion of the thread is called tragus motion or simply traverse motion. The characteristic quantity of the truss speed is the number of reciprocating strokes. Here, the number of round trip strokes is the sum of two consecutive strokes,
That is, it is expressed as the sum of the forward motion and the return motion, and the number of reciprocating strokes is the number of reciprocating strokes per unit time. The number of revolutions of the spindle per unit time and the number of reciprocating strokes are 12. For example, since the spindle and the truss drive are connected via a transmission (there is a certain mutual dependence relationship), as a result For kneading, the present invention is generally applicable to the winding of full-feed yarn (traverse winding at the paddy pitch, coarse winding) in which the number of rotations of the spindle does not depend in a fixed relationship on the number of reciprocating strokes. Pitch winding, in particular, relates to twill winding in which there is a certain relationship between the number of reciprocating strokes and the circumferential speed of the dubbing according to D Engineering N (West German Industrial Standard) 61801. Coarse pitch twill in the narrow sense of DIN 6] 801. Winding is carried out especially in the winding of chemical fiber yarns, which are rolled at a constant high speed after spinning or yarn processing. (drive with drive rolls bearing against the periphery of the bobbin) or by measurement and control of the circumferential speed of the bobbin.The travel speed, i.e. the number of reciprocating strokes, is constant (DIN 61801) or by measuring and controlling the circumferential speed of the bobbin. The ratio of the rotational speed of the spindle to 2 does not have a fixed ratio and varies slightly.As a result, during the process of forming a thread or a thread bobbin (winding process), the winding coefficient (Spulen
fahtor ), ie the ratio of spindle rotational speed to traverse/Z-traverse speed, decreases hyperbolically as the diameter of the thread bobbin increases. In coarse pitch winding in the sense of the present invention, there is "coincident winding" in the bobbin running area.
or “ribbon wrapping” (hereinafter referred to as “ribbon wrapping”)
There is a risk that this will occur. In this IJd winding region, the yarn portions of several successive turn layers directly overlap. As a result, there is a risk, inter alia, of thread sections that overlap one another slipping laterally and twisting into each other. Therefore, ribbon winding may adversely affect the yarn pay-out characteristics from the yarn bobbin, leading to yarn breakage or, in some cases, 1) rendering the yarn bobbin unusable. Also as a result of ribbon winding there is an asymmetry with respect to the center and axis of the thread bobbin, and therefore also the thread H? This results in asymmetry in bobbin hardness, yarn density and mass distribution [Secondly, when using drive rolls, the contact force becomes asymmetric, causing vibrations in the winding process and damaging the susceptible yarn material. give. Ribbon winding occurs in a bobbin running region where the winding increase coefficient, that is, the quotient of the number of revolutions of the spindle and the number of reciprocating strokes, is an integer. When the winding coefficient deviates from the integer winding 1) coefficient value by the true value, especially l/2.1/3, the mixing (
Part) Resene winding (Zwischenspiegel)
occurs. In this mixed Hj 7-wrap, multiple layers with thread sections that overlap one another and layers consisting of thread sections wound regularly, that is, next to each other, are formed one after the other. Therefore, in mixed lysine winding, the yarn pay-out characteristics of the yarn bobbin are not so adversely affected. On the contrary, there is a risk that the thread bobbin will become angular and zero-symmetrical, making the thread bobbin susceptible to damage. The winding coefficient at which ribbon winding or mixed ribbon winding occurs is hereinafter referred to as the winding occurrence value or the winding coefficient value (Spiege-IWθrt). Ribbon windings with large IJ +47 winding occurrence values are referred to as higher order ribbon windings. It is known to achieve reel winding prevention by continuously varying the number of reciprocating strokes periodically or aperiodically within narrow predetermined limits. In this case, as the winding number) coefficient approaches the d winding occurrence value, especially the integer ribbon winding occurrence value, this ribbon winding occurrence value will inevitably be passed over with a duration of several times. o Ribbon wrap prevention as described above therefore merely removes or mitigates the symptoms of each ribbon wrap, rather than eliminating the ribbon wrap occurrence value from being passed (e.g., US 5'1 Specification No. 3235191, Swiss Patent No. 416406
(see specification). Furthermore, when the winding coefficient approaches the ribbon winding generation value, the traverse speed, that is, the number of reciprocating strokes, temporarily decreases, and when it exits the ribbon winding region, it increases to its original value (from 2). It is known to achieve a ribbon wrapping closure (see German Patent Application No. 2914924). It is an object of the present invention to improve the known method by providing an appropriate safety interval for each ribbon winding occurrence value, and by providing a suitable safety interval for each ribbon winding occurrence value. This is achieved by imparting a certain jump height to the traversing speed (-, where the jump height is to be understood as the change in the winding jl coefficient caused by a change in the traverse speed. is the minimum safety interval that will be defined in detail later.As a tentative definition, this minimum safety interval is the value of the winding coefficient and the occurrence of adjacent ribbon winding (+8 or mixed recycle winding occurrence value (ribbon winding or mixed 7+
e] is the minimum allowable difference between the winding coefficient fiI\) at which winding occurs. This minimum safe distance is determined by the winding factor obtained from the starting value of the traverse speed and the initra ζ-
The soot velocity l511 must be maintained for the take-up factor obtained from the cutoff value. This minimum safety distance can be predetermined to be of different magnitudes; however, it is preferred that it be of the same magnitude for the occurrence of gluing. When the winding number) coefficient reaches or approaches this minimum safe distance from the ribbon winding occurrence value, the
A change in speed occurs, which changes the winding factor. According to the invention, it is proposed that the traverse speed is switched in such a way that a jump in the winding factor occurs.
Ru. The magnitude of this take-up factor is such that the changed take-up factor lies outside the safe area. The safe region is here defined as the region of winding factors that does not include the minimum safe distance from the ribbon winding occurrence value or the mixed IJ, f winding occurrence value, both in its positive and its defense. This means that the jump height of the winding factor is at least equal to twice the minimum safety distance. The method according to the invention is based on the following recognition. That is, IJ,
The risk of the occurrence of winding symptoms also occurs within the interval before and after each IJ winding occurrence value, and moreover, the jump height caused by the order of ribbon winding and the change in speed of the ribbon, that is, the winding coefficient. Starting from the recognition that the change in jump height depends on the jump height.According to the invention, it is not necessary to limit the predetermined safety distance to a minimum safety distance.On the contrary, it is not necessary to limit the predetermined safety distance to a minimum safety distance. Even in this case, in order to quickly pass through the safety area, the jump height of the winding coefficient caused by the change in the speed of the (equal to double or fidget) should also be larger. In the present invention (2), the safe interval of the winding coefficient when approaching the ribbon winding occurrence value is represented by 81, and the safe interval of the winding coefficient after switching the tra/ζ-sus speed is represented by 82. et al.2
Both safety intervals can be the same, but both safety intervals must be greater than or equal to the minimum safety interval. In this case, IQ1 is defined as a predetermined fraction p of the winding factor given as the quotient of the ribbon winding occurrence value to be avoided or the instantaneous measurement of the spindle rotation speed and the traverse speed (number of reciprocating strokes). The above difference is simply due to the D1 essential configuration f of the electronic control device.
There are only two, and in the case of Izuwa (both are those skilled in the art) (for the second, a reasonable method can be devised. However, the difference in the safety interval caused by the computational power method disclosed herein is very small, and it is can be ignored.The fractional value p is multiple inheritance<IJ passed to the Bonmaki occurrence valueI]
It is preferable to keep it constant. However, it has been empirically found that especially in low-order ribbon winding, the ribbon winding symptom occurs relatively quickly before the ribbon winding occurs (D-), so in such cases, the number p can be changed. According to the magnitude of the order, p ); J is smaller than s% and generally larger than 0.1%. The fractional value p can be determined experimentally or t-J.As will be explained in detail later (2.
It can be determined from the spinning data during the process. in this case,
The minimum safe distance is 1. The winding coefficient is +)4 while the f-bin is running.
It is a safety 184 interval that must never be below (must not be exceeded) when approaching the ribbon winding occurrence value or the mixed ribbon winding occurrence value I1^. In this case, the risk of +J Z winding is relatively (2) large, and the indication of ribbon winding is when the winding factor moves away from the ribbon winding occurrence value or the mixed 127 winding occurrence value in forward direction of the vane travel. This is because it is difficult to appear compared to 5. As already mentioned, the safety interval S and the minimum safety interval are
It can be determined empirically. Alternatively, or as a supplementary method, according to the invention, two adjacent turns Q with a safety distance S measured on the generatrix of the bobbin at the center of the thread
→It is proposed that the length of one stroke be proportional to the minimum allowable yarn spacing between adjacent yarns and the ribbon winding generation value, and inversely proportional to twice the length of one stroke (reciprocating stroke). Here, we will consider the order of winding -+i, lJ&n, especially the properties of the thread. Depending on the titill and the number of filaments, the thread wound around the bobbin is forced out in a direction transverse to its axis. Therefore, IJ s? In order to avoid ribbon winding, it is necessary that the adjacent yarns of two successive turns maintain a minimum distance from each other and give rise to the phenomenon of ribbon winding. This spacing can be determined experimentally. However, this song also refers to the number of threads: negative, especially according to the thread titill, filament number, filament titill, filament composition, e.g. knot formation, Tangle, Priiparation, winding tension. Furthermore, according to the teaching of the present invention, the shorter the bobbin length, the larger the safety interval must be. That is, as the bobbin length decreases, the number of strokes becomes relatively large.Therefore, particularly harmful low-order ribbon winding occurs.
, HF 2 turns, 1; tl, ytF unevenly distributed in some cases on the bobbin due to the small bin length, resulting in an asymmetric at distribution with respect to the axial and/or radial direction of the thread wound on the bobbin This is because, if the yarn speed is too high, this will cause breakage of the pick pin. According to the invention, such a phenomenon is avoided by making the safety distance inversely proportional to the bobbin length. As can be seen, the factor p indicated in connection with claim 1 corresponds to the quantity A/2H mentioned here. Instead of the thread spacing A, the bobbin winding may also use the thread width B, measured with respect to the generatrix of the bobbin, in which case the winding angle is taken into account. In this case the coefficient p is B/2
becomes equal to H. If the minimum safe distance determined in this way is exceeded in a decreasing direction, this is a sign of ribbon winding. By predetermining the safety distance as described above, I), according to the invention, the tras-ζ-suspension velocity change is also predetermined. The reason for this is that A) according to the invention, the changes in the number of windings caused by the changes in the safety distance and the jump height, i.e. the track speed, are correlated with each other7, so that the ratio Q −
The jump height/safety distance or Q=jump height/minimum safe distance can be predetermined to a constant predetermined value for a plurality of IJs, with the jump height/minimum safe distance being at least equal to 2.
rather, the jump height is at least equal to the predetermined safety distance plus the minimum safety distance. This dependence of the jump height on the safe distance and the minimum safe distance is #lJ-like and is effective in avoiding the ribbon winding symptoms. In order to avoid the appearance of harmful ribbon winding symptoms when the winding coefficient passes through the full winding value or the mixed ribbon winding value, the traverse speed I should therefore also be minimized to minimize changes in the winding coefficient. It is proposed to do this quickly, i.e. as leaps and bounds as possible. For this purpose, the traverse Z-drive "Jj" is an important factor for the traverse speed.
F4 drive 4 rammeter (DE-082914924=B
ag・114), the voltage, and the frequency when using an asynchronous motor, as far as technically possible by a jump function, preferably by superimposing differential components0
That is, it is proposed to initially increase the speed so that the target value (I) also increases to a larger value and vice versa), and then after a period of time (secondary value (I), it is proposed to switch between the two). Despite the fact that the track drive is changed with a delay at the rotational speed determined by the drive g parameter (it is unavoidable that the track drive will run), the winding coefficient will also be a finite acceleration. In this case, in addition to the technical impossibility of infinitely large accelerations or decelerations and the limitations of constant accelerations or decelerations, Constant and then decreasing acceleration or deceleration (varying function with linear delay) and increasing traverse speed from the beginning to the maximum value 7J
ll L then increases and decreases with acceleration and deceleration IW which decreases again (first order and (j number of changes IW with higher order delay)
It is necessary to technically distinguish between When you do,
The ratio Q can be increased. Special (2, this ratio Qba,
If the change in the traverse speed (and therefore the winding) coefficient is first made with a thicker then decreasing acceleration, then J, lIJ, a function of change in the traverse speed or winding coefficient with a first-order lag. used for. Usage You can also choose the safety distance S to be larger than the minimum safety distance S', and set the jump height to the sum of the safety distance and the minimum safety distance (which can be equal to 0), which is the traverse speed and therefore also Winding 1) If the acceleration or deceleration of the number increases steadily from an initially zero or small value to a maximum value, i.e. second-order or higher-order slowness 9. can be employed in the case of a changing function of the traverse speed or the winding coefficient with , and can be taken into account, for example, when transmitting changing traverse speeds with a slip clutch. Furthermore, according to the invention, the change function of the winding coefficient determined from the technological change process is such that the summerizing winding coefficient passes within a minimum time +) the center winding occurrence value, i.e. is ribbon winding occurrence (iM and ribbon winding occurrence value + safety interval S1 to sen winding occurrence value - safety interval S2 safety area so that it intersects in the area of maximum steepness or slope) It is proposed that the jump heights of the coefficients be predetermined and matched to each other. The closing value of the S-speed is maintained only for a period of time. The changeover of the traverse speed from the closing value to the starting value and the resulting variation in the winding factor is a safety interval between the ribbon winding onset value and the winding factor (which depends on the spindle speed and the winding factor) that is to be avoided. - When the spindle speed decreases so much that the starting value of the S-speed (determined from the quotient with the starting winding coefficient) is again obtained? ■Rope f. To avoid ribbon wrap occurrence values, the traverse speed can be increased or decreased from its starting value NOA. The generated value NCS of the traverse speed is therefore either greater or less than the starting value NOA. In any case, the initial value and the closing value should preferably be kept constant over the entire spinning run, at least over the continuous part of the bobbin run, especially in traverse drives where several spinning stations are common. This is true when the When the winding factor falls within the safety interval (as the nitro-noise speed decreases from the recent pasting winding occurrence value, the winding coefficient increases accordingly, and the ribbon winding occurrence value is not initially reached). However, if the spindle speed decreases so much that the winding factor (1 net winding factor) determined from the generated value of the traverse speed reaches a predetermined safety interval, The first speed was increased again to its starting speed of 11. The winding factor must be reduced again to pass the ribbon winding occurrence value. It is important to do this within the shortest possible time. According to the present invention, this can be achieved by changing the driving ξ parameter, which is an important factor determining the traverse speed, in an abrupt (-) or convex Q (= jumping height of winding coefficient/safety interval) greater than 2, or even by selecting the safety interval greater than the minimum safety interval and the jump height at least equal to the selected safety interval plus the minimum safety interval. No.) achieved. As long as the ratio Q is larger than 2, and ribbon winding occurs,
If the emphasis is not on passing through the values as fast as possible, the described switching can be done early, but at the very least, if the starting winding factor is a predetermined safe value for the ribbon winding occurrence value. This can be done when the spindle rotational speed has decreased enough to reach the interval. As long as the ratio Q is greater than 2 and the traverse speed is gon 1 with a quadratic or higher order lag
If the starting winding factor is IJ N
This must be done when the spindle speed has decreased to such an extent that the predetermined minimum safety interval for the 7-turn occurrence value is again reached or exceeded. Increasing the traverse speed when the take-up factor is within a safe interval for the richin roll occurrence value will thereby decrease the take-up zero factor. In this case, the lithine winding occurrence value is quickly passed through. This is achieved according to the invention as follows. That is, when increasing the traverse speed with a first-order delay, the safety interval is predetermined to be as small as possible, that is, smaller than the minimum safety interval, and the force ratio Q is selected to be larger than 2. It is. In this way, the ribbon winding safety area will be passed through with a large acceleration. If the traverse speed is to be increased by a quadratic or sieve delay, a safety interval greater than the minimum safety interval must be predetermined, and [7] essentially the safety interval and the maximum/JS safety A jump equal to the sum of the distance is predetermined. If you do this, I) +′I? The winding safety area will be traversed with maximum acceleration. Such a rapid passage through the ribbon winding region applies in particular in particularly dangerous ribbon windings smaller than 4. In both cases, the increased threshold value of the speed is maintained until the spindle speed is reduced to such an extent that the starting winding factor again reaches the safety distance for the ribbon winding point. The magnitude of this delay in traverse speed is limited for technical reasons, so that the switching can take place earlier or later. If the speed of the ζ-soot is increased in order to prevent the winding of the bobbin, an adverse effect on the bobbin structure can be avoided and concerns about it can be reduced. If the traverse speed is increased, the actual winding stroke of the yarn winding onto the bobbin is reduced. Therefore, the risk of the thread slipping out of the end face of the bobbin due to an excessively large stroke is avoided. Therefore, it can be said that this type of lithium winding 15IJ and tJ is excellent. The starting speed value NCA is determined by the desired bobbin construction and in particular by the desired winding angle. for example,
The twill color when winding glossy spun yarn made of fibers onto a bobbin using a spinning machine or a stretching machine is in the range of 5 to 12 degrees, especially 6V to 9 degrees. It is the quality of the bin structure.The traverse speed, expressed in the number of reciprocating lines f, is determined in this case from a predetermined yarn speed and a predetermined bobbin length or stroke length.In that case, the traverse speed Within the scope of the present invention, the change in DC of the previously determined tra-ζ-soot velocity starting value (initial value) NCA (7) is between 0.1% and 5%, preferably between 1% and 1%. 5%. Within this limit range, the change in traverse speed DC is as follows. In the case of filament-processed chemical fibers, it is selected so that it does not change by more than 0.1%, and in the case of filament processed chemical fibers it does not change by more than 0.5%. Winding

[) There is no sense of security in compensating for changes in speed (=yarn speed) by appropriately changing the circumferential speed of the bobbin, that is, the drive roll speed so as not to cause ribbon winding. In addition, the change in the traverse speed can be achieved by cutting the traverse speed to a constant value of 1 and maintaining it over rg41 when the IS target value is reached.
It is limited by the close II N7 winding occurrence value or the mixture jl N7 winding occurrence value which has a detrimental effect or its safe area not to be reached. The teachings of the present invention disclosed above are directed to avoiding lithine winding symptoms in successive ribbon windings and mixed lithine windings. Relatedly and in addition to this, the present invention is also based on the recognition that not all IJ, 377 roll occurrence values are necessarily indicative of harmful ribbon roll. This holds true for high-order IJHj windings that occur at the beginning of the bobbin run when the bobbin diameter is small and the spindle speed can therefore be changed very quickly. In addition, not all ribbon windings necessarily have a harmful effect, but there are only a few mixed ribbon windings that have a particularly harmful effect.On the other hand, the ribbon winding can be passed without showing any signs of ribbon winding. It is also 6'W. For this reason, it is proposed to make the ribbon winding occurrence values to be reduced or avoided freely programmable. In this way, the IJ gun winding stop according to the present invention,
Individual N-bin winding process... ξ lameter (zevin speed test, tra S-s speed liver, yarn phase material, pre-ξ rayon and other ξ ram meters) (two can be adapted) (A second advantage is that the irregular changes in the traverse/ξ-soot speed that often accompany changes in the traverse/ξ-soot velocity and the resulting negative effects on the bobbin structure are avoided. Furthermore, it is based on the recognition that the recirculating winding conditions may differ depending on the recirculating winding.Therefore,
It is proposed that the safety distance be predetermined as a function of the ribbon winding occurrence value to be stopped and preferably be freely programmable. In this case, it may be advisable to make the safety spacing of mixed or partial IJ, 32 turns smaller than the safety spacing of an integer number of ribbon wraps. As already mentioned, in this way the +J, t, -=n winding occurrence values and their safe areas are quickly passed. This is particularly expedient at a rehaken occurrence value of less than 4. In addition, the ratio Q=jump height/safety distance is predetermined depending on the shear winding occurrence value to be corrected, and is preferably made freely programmable in square cutting. In this way, ribbon winding occurrences that exhibit particularly pronounced and harmful symptoms are passed through more quickly than other ribbon winding occurrences. For low-order glue windings, especially for ribbon winding occurrence values smaller than 6,
It is proposed to choose the ratio Q greater than 2. The above-mentioned means for controlling S and Q can be combined, and the above-mentioned 1ljHs and In addition, it is also possible to program the IS target value for setting the traverse and ζ-suspension speed.Here, the safety interval in the sense of the present invention can be freely determined for each ribbon winding. Recall that this safety interval depends on the ribbon winding occurrence (11!) according to equation 5 = FSP-p. This applies to the case where [2] is predetermined as a constant for one group of stitches.If p is predetermined as a constant in this way, then p=A/ According to 2H or winding the bobbin, the winding of the crimp thread is based on the width p = B / z
It can be determined according to H. The factor or coefficient p, however, varies and obtains during the bobbin running process, especially from ribbon winding to ribbon winding or from winding to full winding group, in accordance with a stored program. for example,
An integer number of IJ can be varied for each half-wrap and mixed or partial ribbon wraps or for higher order ribbon wraps and every seven rib wraps less than 4. In order to complement the IJ center winding IS marking method according to the present invention, the 157 windings appearing at the end of the bobbin run are
? It is proposed to avoid this by reducing the traverse speed discretely or preferably continuously at the end of the bin run. In this way, the winding factor can be reduced in the same proportion as the spindle speed so that the winding factor remains constant. If you do this,
Precision winding takes place in the last turn of the bobbin run. According to the method of the present invention, it is possible to obtain products that were previously impossible to manufacture. In particular, it is not necessary to produce a spinning bobbin in a usable form from spinning for stockings on a spinning machine or a stretch spinning machine using a diameter larger than H/π tan α and a stroke of 120 mm or less. Ta. Here, as a spinning material for stockings,
Polyamide-6°6-(nylon) single spun yarns in the titillic range of 0 to 50 d, tex are used. Such polyamide-6,6-spun yarns are currently available in 4,500
After orientation or pre-stretching, the yarn is spun at a spinning speed of more than 7 minutes and wound on a spinning bobbin at a winding speed of more than 4,500 m/min. For the purpose of obtaining high throughput, a number of threads are simultaneously spun and wound onto a corresponding number of bobbins at one spinning station. The winding angle of such bobbins is usually between 6° and 5° and 8.5°. Conventionally, such bobbins are It was not possible to manufacture with a diameter larger than a given diameter, since larger than a given diameter would result in a bobbin with IJ, 7th turn and a mixed or partial IJ 47 turn of lower order. This is because the bobbin will eventually collapse.On the other hand, the spinning bobbin of polyamide F-6 according to the present invention, which is a waste of low stocking spinning, has a diameter range of D=H-π・tanα and an average winding The winding is characterized in that the corner is preferably increased in leaps and bounds by up to 20 minutes. Here, the winding is not constant along the length of the bobbin, and the corner is It may become larger or smaller in parts, and may also vary between the forward stroke and the backward stroke.Here, the average winding is the angle and its tangent (j
an) is defined as the angle calculated from the average traverse angle and the bobbin circumferential speed. - The force, average traverse speed, is determined from a predetermined constant number of revolutions or strokes of a traverse device, for example a grooved roll or a reciprocating threaded shaft. In the winding according to the invention, the angular increase takes place in predetermined areas before and after a predetermined diameter. This region is a region of up to ±1% of the defined diameter, and in particular can be 10% of the defined diameter B/2H1, where B is the width of the thread measured on the generatrix of the bobbin. When the bobbin diameter is further increased, it is recommended to increase the winding angle accordingly in the range of diameter D = 1.33H/π" tan α. Conventionally, titills larger than 50 dtex When producing spinning bobbins from polyester burnished yarns in the range, especially in the 78 to 167 dtex range, it is important to note that this polyester, especially polyethylene terephthalate burnished yarns, has high filament counts thicker than 40 monofilaments or medium fineness (2,4 0 to 7 dtex) and with correspondingly small capillary titills in the ultra-fine range (1°0 to 2.4 dtex), very great difficulties were encountered. This also happened when producing spinning bobbins from optical ester gloss spun yarns with filament cross-sections, especially octagonal cross-sections, with four or more sides.In this case too, small lengths, e.g. less than or equal to 24 Q mm, were used. (
It was not possible to produce bobbins with equal lengths and a bobbin diameter larger than D=2H/3π·tanα. This problem can be solved according to the invention by at least the diameter D=2H/3π' tanα and D=s/y
r-tan α and D = 2 H/ 1.5 π・
The average winding in the region ta, nα is solved by increasing the angle by up to 20 minutes (2). Such an average winding 1; an increase in the J winding angle is the diameter region D (1 ± B / 2H), 5, and is carried out over the diameter region D (1±1%) at most. (Secondly, it takes on a circular shape. Therefore, the diameter can be defined. However, if the same yarn is wound in two layers on a sleeve or a tp bobbin, the single filament will expand into a belt-like shape and form a predetermined The width B is measured on the generatrix of the sleeve or bobbin.According to an example of the configuration of the spinning bobbin that can be used in the present invention, the final spinning for stockings up to 50 dt, ex. Made from polyamide-6°6 gloss spun in the Titil range, with a bobbin length in the range of 120 to 70 mm, with a large IU diameter of H/π tan α, 4500
If the winding is greater than rn/min (pre-oriented fl and/or winding 'i1 at speed J, where α is the average winding of the thread on the bobbin measured between the tangent of the bobbin and the thread in It is between 6°5° and 8.5°, and at least in the diameter region D=H/π・tan α (1+B/2H), the average winding of the bobbin increases dramatically up to 20 minutes. In the above formula, B is the width of the yarn measured with respect to the generatrix of the bobbin.In the above example of the spinning bobbin configuration, the maximum diameter area of the winding angle jump is such that D= H/π・tanα (1±1%)
can be made so that Further, in the above-mentioned spinning bobbin configuration example, the bobbin diameter is 1.33H/π・ta
, nα, the average winding changes the angular jump change to the diameter area D = 1.33 H/π' tanα(l±B/
2H). Furthermore, in the above spinning bobbin configuration example, the winding is increased so that the maximum diameter area of the corner is 1.33H/π・tan α (l±1%). Another spinning bobbin is formed from polyester spun with a large final titillation area such as l 67 dtex, 3000
m/min (preoriented and/or wound at a speed of
It has two edges, and the bobbin diameter is 2H/3π・tanα
) is large, where α is the bobbin measured between the tangent to the bobbin and the thread (the average winding of the thread on two pairs represents the angle and is between 6.5° and 8.5° On a spinning bobbin, the average winding is such that the corners have at least a diameter area D =
2H/3π tanα. p==n/yr ・tan α+D== 2 H/ 1.
5 π・tanα is increased to 20 minutes, and this increased area extends over at least the diameter area D C,1±B/2H) and at the maximum D(.1±1%). be. Furthermore, according to the spinning machine which can be used in the present invention, the grooved drums of the traverse devices of the plurality of winding stations are driven by one common drive shaft extending in the longitudinal direction of the machine, the drive shaft being one central drive shaft. In a multi-stage spinning machine for chemical fibers driven by an electric motor (two), two drive shafts are provided, the two shafts are driven by the central drive at different rotational speeds, and each groove drum is driven by two The above-mentioned spinning machine is selectively connected to one or the other of the two drive shafts through two clutches. The grooved drums are mounted freely (two rotationally), and each grooved drum is selectively mounted starting from the drive shaft via two transmission connections with different transmission ratios and suitable latches. Further, in the multi-stage spinning machine described above, each grooved drum is supported floatingly on the drive shaft, and each grooved drum is supported at two different rotation speeds. A transmission connection is made via a transmission connection on both sides with a shaft and a clutch, and said intermediate shaft and drive shaft are connected to a third
Each grooved drum is supported on a drive shaft by a freewheel clutch (1), and each grooved drum is supported on a drive shaft (2) by a freewheel clutch (1) connected to each other via a transmission connection of -5 r'. A drive connection [7] via a transmission connection with a shaft and a clutch, and said intermediate shaft and drive shaft are interconnected by a third transmission connection. The present invention will now be described in detail in connection with embodiments. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a thread winding machine for chemical fibers. The thread l travels at a constant speed V through a truss thread guide 3 which is reciprocated in a direction transverse to the running direction of the thread by a reciprocating screw shaft. In addition to the thread guide 3, a grooved roll 4 is included.
The yarn is guided within the endless reciprocating groove 5 formed in the roll 4 while partially winding the roll 4. The reference numeral 7 refers to the bobbin, and 6 in turn refers to the freely rotatable bobbin spindle (simply referred to as the spindle). A drive roll 8 is in contact with the periphery of the bobbin 7, and this drive roll 8 is driven at a constant circumferential speed. Here, the drive roll, the traverse mechanism, the bobbin spindle, and the bobbin are movable relative to each other in the radial direction, and the distance between the axes between the spindle 6 and the drive roll 8 is equal to the diameter of the bobbin. It is variable as it increases (two points of caution). Reciprocating threaded roll 2 and grooved roll 4
is driven by a three-phase rotary motor, for example, an asynchronous electric motor 9. The reciprocating threaded roll 2 and the grooved roll 4 are connected to one another by a transmission means, for example a drive belt 10. The drive roll 8 is driven at a constant circumferential speed (by means of a synchronous 74 motor 1.1). Here, the bobbin spindle 6 is driven using an electric motor whose rotation speed is controlled so that the circumferential speed of the bobbin remains constant even when the bobbin diameter is increased. I would also like to mention that this is also possible. 3. The phase motors p71.9 and 111 obtain their energy via frequency converters 12 and 13. The synchronous motor 11 used to drive the bobbin 1 is directly connected to a frequency converter 12 which generates an adjustable frequency f2. The asynchronous motor 9 is selectively connected via a switching device to a frequency converter 12 or a frequency converter 13, so that the truss drive 9 can be driven at different speeds. A computer 15 is used to operate the switch device 14. The output signal 16 of it @ 8% + 5 depends on the input. The following signals are continuously supplied as input. The traverse/S-sse movement rotation speed determined by the measurement sensor 17 and converted into i, the number of forward strokes in the computer according to the corresponding standard; the rotation speed of the bottle spindle 6 determined by the measurement sensor 18; This is the output signal of a programming device 19 connected upstream of the programmer 19, which is preferably freely programmable and which, according to the invention, has +J・ξ parameter, especially the ribbon winding occurrence value to be measured by IS, the safety interval to be maintained, especially the coefficient p-A / 2 H or p =
B/2H and the ratio Q (-winding coefficient/jump size of safety interval) and (2) pre-given traverse speed are stored. In order to be able to vary the soot speed difference during the bobbin running process, the computer 15 is provided with a further output 20 for controlling the frequency generator 13. FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing a cross-wound bobbin formed on a sleeve 2J provided in FIG. length, which corresponds angularly to the stroke of the thread guide 3 or groove 5. D represents the instantaneous bobbin diameter. The angle α is measured between the thread and the tangent perpendicular to the generatrix of the bobbin. The angle of inclination or winding represents the angle.The angle r represents the cross-winding angle of the thread.The characteristic of phase pitch winding is that the winding of the thread on the bobbin is essentially based on the angle of inclination and the cross-winding angle during the traverse movement. However, at the end of the traverse of the thread relative to the bobbin, a deviation occurs and this deviation is utilized according to the invention to improve the bobbin formation (1). Figure @3a shows the occurrence of resen winding, secondary winding on the lees, and +7 winding.In condition 1, the bobbin has a diameter D1.The thread is , this bobbin has a tilt angle α
It can be wrapped around. Note that only a small number of windings or turns are shown in the figure. Furthermore, instead of showing the iE surface of the bobbin as in the case of Fig. 2, I have only shown half of the wound yarn layer around the bobbin. The other half side, that is, the back side of the bobbin (= the part of the thread that is located is indicated by a dotted line). This thread part moves to the back side of the bobbin at point 23 and becomes invisible, but it reappears on the front side at point 22.
And H! In this way, between the yarns of successive turns, there are points 23 and 26, measured between the centers of the system on the generatrix, for example. As shown in between, there is an interval A. That is, the threads of adjacent turns are juxtaposed. This interval is an integer IJ d
It becomes smaller as it approaches the winding generation value. Figure 3a (state values shown in Figure 2, 2) shows the same bobbin with the same tilt angle α but with an increased diameter DSP, with a secondary ribbon winding occurring on this bobbin. With an increased diameter DSF, the length of one thread turn is exactly equal to one stroke, and the length of two thread turns is equal to a reciprocating stroke, so the ratio of the number of spindle revolutions to the number of forward strokes is equal to 2. .The result is that successive turns lie exactly one above the other.The result is a purely optical mark on the bobbin surface, which can be called an "image" or "coincidence". It is also known as "mirror (ribbon winding)".As is easily understood, if the end of the thread is wound up and down accurately, the thread will be wound on the side even if the number of wound layers is very small. In addition, the fabric becomes non-uniform in mass over the length of the bobbin and/or around the circumference of the bobbin.Such drawbacks can be solved according to the invention by using a bobbin as described above. In this case, wrapping is avoided by changing the corners as indicated by the dotted lines in the diameter region in question, in particular by making them larger. In this case α is smaller than α. FIGS. 3b and 3C. shows the geometry of threads that are not wound (=J) and those that are wound on bobbin susoles or other thread layers. In the latter case, the threads are It is wrapped with a width B. This width is
For example, it can be determined by calculation from filament number and filament titill as well as other winding/ξ parameters, such as yarn tension, but can be determined experimentally with great nominal accuracy. On the other hand, the yarn center spacing A varies during the ribbon winding process (taken as m; this value is equal to zero for ribbon winding, where a mirror image occurs). It is possible to experimentally determine the minimum value at which the winding sign does not appear. With reference to the graph shown in FIG.
An example of a method for preventing wind winding will be described. Curve 27 is
The winding factor 5 = NS/NCA, which decreases hyperbolically during the bobbin winding process, is shown in this figure as a function of time.
shows. This curve □, line shows that in the case of coarse pitch winding, the starting traverse speed is 1'rb, N OA is constant at least on average, while the yarn speed and bobbin surface speed are the same and 4? This results from the fact that as the bottle diameter increases, the spindle rotational speed NS decreases by 61g. A bobbin structure is shown exhibiting 4th, 3rd and 2nd order ribbon winding occurrence values. At this point, ribbon winding prevention is performed. In this example, it has been found that it is also effective to block the mixed resene windings at 2.5. Please note that the change in the winding coefficient for the ribbon winding β mark is scaled (= exaggerated) for clarity of illustration.
Figures 4a and 4 apply to the figures shown in Figure b.
Figure b illustrates the prevention of ribbon winding with respect to third-order ribbon winding (-). In this specification, the winding coefficient obtained from the starting value NAqA of the traverse movement is expressed as the starting winding coefficient FA. The winding coefficient obtained from the positive value of ISl of the traverse motion is called the IS stop winding order FS.If the starting winding coefficient FA shown by curve 27 in FIG. 4a reaches an integer ribbon winding occurrence value 3, On the other hand, when approaching by the safety distance S, the traverse speed is switched from the starting value NCA to the blocking value Ne5t with a winding factor F A of 3.1. In the illustrated example, the traverse speed increases. As a result, the winding factor becomes This closed winding factor FS is further reduced correspondingly to the decreasing spindle speed as shown in curve 28. Now, according to the invention, for the safety distance S, The ribbon winding occurrence value and a predetermined percentage (a proportional value is given in advance. This percentage is smaller than 5%. Furthermore, the jump height DF, i.e. the starting traverse speed NCA is inhibited by the traverse speed N
Starting winding factor 27 at time 3.1 when switching to C8
The difference between and the blocking winding factor 28 is an integer multiple, with the exception of multiples, in particular twice, of the safety distance. In the illustrated example, the distance is three times the safety distance. In this way, by increasing the jump height to more than twice the safety distance, the winding coefficient can be changed from 11M3 and 3+8 to 3. When passing through a safety area extending to -8,
It can change with greater acceleration, ie it can change very sharply. Related to this, technically speaking, increasing the tiger gear's speed infinitely is 3
Please note that this is a 6-cho Noh play. As proposed in the present invention, the switching device 14 is used to change the driving frequency to the frequency f.
Even in the case of a jump switching from 2 to frequency f3, and corresponding programming of the computer 15 (transiently changing frequency f3 during switching from 2 to 2), it is necessary to Even if the winding factor is increased to a value greater than the desired frequency, it is technically unavoidable that the winding factor will shift with a delay to the winding factor shown by curve 28. Curve 29 showing the change process
(change function). As is clear from this curve, the approach to the blocking winding factor (
1. In response to the definition that will be explained later, the delay increases.
Therefore, the winding coefficient changes with a variation function having a first-order delay. By choosing n>2 I), ie by making the jump height more than twice the safety distance, the integer winding occurrence value 3 is passed through very quickly. If the jump height is less than twice the safety distance, the closing winding factor is 36.
The curve becomes a curve (change function) 37, which passes through the ribbon winding occurrence value 3 more flatly than the curve 29. Therefore, the residence time of the traverse velocity in the rise-winding region, i.e., within the positive and negative safety intervals shown as 12 in Figure 4a, is less than the corresponding residence time, shown as Tn in Figure 4a, for n>2. growing. The blocking winding factor, represented by curve 28, decreases with increasing diameter and decreasing spin pull speed, so that the starting winding factor, represented by curve 27, is again at a predetermined safe distance from the rise winding value 3. When reaching
8 to the starting value NCA, the jump height DF of the winding factor again corresponds to at least twice (in this example three times) the safety distance. It has been found that the minimum interval of the winding factor from the generated value is proportional to the IJ Hin winding generated value or to the instantaneous winding factor; in the latter case, the winding factor FA3°], i.e. At the time when the speed increases, the safety interval for the coefficient before reaching the U Z winding generation candy is the winding coefficient F A
3.2, ie the safety distance for the winding factor at 3.2 at the point in time when the traverse speed is switched to the starting value. Therefore, if the safety interval is always correlated only with the instantaneous ribbon winding occurrence value, only a small f (dividing deviation) will occur, and it will not be considered technically when forming the pin.Furthermore, as shown in FIG. By keeping the winding coefficient greater than the value at which the winding occurs (in the illustrated example, 2), it is possible to completely avoid the occurrence of winding when the winding edge shown by line 30 is exceeded, or at both ends. This is because the traverse speed decreases at the same rate as the spindle speed decreases with increasing diameter.In this case, the winding jl coefficient is
Follow. In the illustrated example, ie, when the winding factor is constant, a precision winding occurs in the last part of the dubbing run. As already mentioned (-1) Despite the dramatic fluctuations in the drive and ξ parameters that affect the rotational speed, how can changes in the truck and engine speed be technically realized? is shown in principle.The upper graphs in Figures 6a and 6b show that the jump in the driving frequency of the three-phase motor used to drive the toranosem system superimposes the differential component ( In the case of electric drives, especially three-phase drives, the result is that the acceleration or deceleration is initially at its maximum value, as shown in the lower graph of FIG. 6a. When the three-phase motor approaches the predetermined drive speed with the changed frequency, the acceleration or deceleration decreases according to a linear or nonlinear function. After this acceleration process (2, A first-order delay occurs in the change function of traverse speed shown in the middle graph of Figure 6a. This means that, with a delay, the new [, ξ-ss velocity, which is predefined by the frequency With a constant change, there is first an acceleration or deceleration that increases from zero or a small value. After reaching the maximum value of the acceleration or deceleration, this acceleration falls back to zero either abruptly or steadily. This is illustrated in the lower graph of Figure 6b. This results in l) a change in the tras-ζ-sus velocity that is initially slow and then becomes steeper when switching to higher or lower speeds. . Tiger, S-High speed is target value NCA or N
Approaching C8, a delay intervenes again, resulting in the Tiger S
- The change function for large speeds becomes flat (second order or higher order delay). This is illustrated in the acceleration graph (FIG. 6b) in that the acceleration or deceleration decreases from its maximum value to zero not in a jump, but according to a steady function, for example a linear function. With reference to FIG. 4a, it can be applied according to the invention, in particular, when the change function of the high speed is jump-steep and there is no delay in the phase after switching. The method according to the invention is as described above. Referring now to FIG. In this case, the safety distance is chosen to be greater than the minimum safety distance.The jump height DF is determined by the winding factor changing the traverse speed so that the total safety area of ribbon winding, i.e. FSP+
8 to F S P -Sm,nin. That is, the jump height is at least equal to the minimum safe distance plus the selected safe distance. In accordance with the technically defined traverse speed change function, the predetermined safety distance S and jump height DF are such that in each case the safe region is the steepest region of the traverse speed change function or It is chosen to pass through the region of maximum steepness of the change function of the winding factor. In the illustrated example, DF is exactly equal to the sum of the chosen safe distance and the minimum safe distance. As long as the variation function of traverse speed and take-up factor results in a large delay in approaching the 11th mark, the DF should be set to be greater than the sum of the selected safety distance and the minimum safety distance. In the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 4b, the traverse speed is switched back from the blocking value to the starting value according to the principle described with reference to FIG. 4a. In that case, the minimum safety interval Smi for ribbon winding is
. or a selected safety interval date. FIG. 5 illustrates, in another illustrative manner, an embodiment of the present invention for preventing ribbon winding by reducing traverse speed. In this figure, a hyperbolic function curve 32 represents the spindle rotational speed NS as a function of the bobbin travel (time). In this example, the spindle rotation speed is the traverse speed M
It is shown as being an integer multiple of the starting value of cA. The traverse speed, expressed as number of round trips per minute, is curve 3.
As can be seen from the diagram shown in FIG. 3, the traverse speed is always switched from the starting value NCA to the IS standard: NO3 when the spindle speed is equal to an integral multiple of the traverse speed 11NOA. This integer multiple corresponds to the resene winding factor value and the mixed ribbon winding factor value. N.C.
A and NO8 are set in advance as fixed prices. The switching process will be explained in detail with reference to FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c. Note that FIG. 5b corresponds to FIG. 5 regarding the jump height. The reduced jump quotient of FIG. 5a is shown in dotted lines in FIG. Figures 5a and 5b
A fourth-order ribbon winding machine is illustrated in FIG. 5 and FIG. 5c. Switching is performed when the value of the starting value of the starting speed jp,'NCA, that is, the value four times the starting value (4・NCA), approaches the spindle rotational speed NS by the safety interval S'. It is done. Note that in the example shown in FIG. 5, S=S-NO. That is, 5=FSP-A/2H or 5==F-A/2H or 5=FSP-B/2H or S=F-B/2
As long as H, S'=F8P・No-A/2
H or S'=NS-A/2H or 5=FSP-N
CB/2H or S'=NS.B/2H. Therefore, the value S' measures the spindle rotation speed and the constant value A
It can be easily determined electronically by multiplying by /2H or B/2H and set by a circuit device. However, this value S' also depends on the traverse speed N
It is also possible to obtain it by measuring o. In that case,
To the starting value NCA or to the blocking value NO8, the value A / 2 H
Alternatively, it may be multiplied by B/2H and a programmed round winding occurrence value (winding coefficient at which ribbon winding occurs). In this way, the traverse jump DC is in the 4th order spiral winding region, which is 4 times the inhibition value of the traverse speed (4・NC3
)become. According to the invention, the winding factor F=NS/No
The view-height DF is equal to Q.S. Here, Q≧2. This means that in the illustrated example of FIG.
= Q-8, where DC is a tiger and S-
This is the difference in speed (NOA - NO8). According to the definition of Q, it is therefore possible to calculate the traverse ζ-speed with a given starting value of the blocking value. If the value 4.NC8 then again approaches curve 32, i.e. the rotational speed of the Tisevin spindle, the switching will occur at the latest with an interval of N5-4"
This is done when NOS=S (curve 35). FIG. 5b shows that the quotient Q is greater than 2 and that technically a function of variation of the traverse speed is obtained with a delay of the first order. As is clear from FIG. 5b, the reversal of the traverse speed from the blocking value NO8 to the starting value NOA means that the spindle speed is an integral multiple (in this example 4) of the starting value of the traverse speed.
(function 34) 0 This switching can also take place when the spindle speed 32 increases to a safety interval S It is also possible to do this at a later point in time when the object approaches the enemy (function 35). In principle, the switch from the β target value to the starting value can take place at any point between functions 34 and 35. Switching at the final possible point, that is, when the spindle rotational speed approaches an integral multiple of the blocking value by a safety interval, is performed when the ribbon winding generation value is positive and the safety interval is equal to 1. very short time Ta
It will be passed within 2! 1711 This provides the advantage that the variation function 35 crosses the spindle rotational speed function 32 in a very steep region. If the switch is made early according to function 34, the intersection will be located in an area with a large degree of flatness, and as a result, the intersection will be in the ``winding danger area'' (
safety interval) is a time T greater than T35
Within a2? Here, it should be mentioned that the diagram is not drawn to the correct scale for clarity. In reality, the safety interval S' cannot be drawn to the correct scale. Therefore, the flatness of functions 34 and 35 is considerably thicker than that shown. In the method shown in FIG. , the spindle rotation speed is (14X (NOA + N c s
) / I went there when it turned 2. As a result, at the time of switching, the f-value FSP-NC6 as well as the value FSP-NCA have a safety distance S' from the spindle speed NS. Q>2
The method of Figure 5b, set to This is advantageous in that the speed is maintained at the same speed until this minimum safe interval is reached. 1r'b"1
Fig. 5c shows that 2 for the change function of traverse velocity.
An example is shown in which the following delay (Figure 6b) occurs: In this embodiment, it is advantageous to carry out a reversal from the tras·ζ-ssus velocity inhibition value to the starting value when the starting winding factor has again reached the safety distance S, in particular the minimum safe distance from the regeneration winding onset value. Purposeful and advantageous. This can be seen in the example of Fig. 5c) l) Switching the run speed from the blocking value to the starting value means that the starting value of the traverse speed is 4 times or an integer multiple close to it is equal to the spindle rotation number. Safety distance S'
This means that it is advantageous to carry out the test when . This switching point is switching point 36. In this cutting and stretching, a J1 elapsed time T36 occurs in which the winding coefficient or the 4 times value of the drag/zeta-suspension speed passes through the ribbon winding safety area. On the other hand, if the switching is performed when the 4 times the IS mark att of the traverse speed reaches the safety interval S of the spindle rotation speed, then at the switching time 37, the passage through the 4th-order glide winding danger area A time T37 occurs, which is much greater than the transit time T36. In any case, the fifth
If the change function of the traverse speed exhibits a large degree of flatness on approach to its target value, in particular the starting value of the traverse speed, as indicated by the dotted line in diagram c, the switching point is set in the area between 36 and 37. In other words, it is preferable to increase the safety distance between an integral multiple of the starting value of the traverse speed IW and the spindle speed. In other words, even in the case of the ribbon winding closure embodiment shown in FIG. Care should be taken to pass through the intersection with the Mill 1 rotation number. FIG. 5 also shows that the mixed ribbon winding 2.5 is also blocked. A possible secondary ribbon wrap at the bin run end (line 30) is avoided by reducing the thread speed by the same ratio as the spindle speed. According to the present invention, the IJ and J windings to be closed can also be freely zologrammed. To the best of the inventor's knowledge, it has not heretofore been possible to make accurate predictions as to the harmful effects of ribbon winding to be prevented. Effect #7 of each individual ribbon winding can be determined by experiment or test. Furthermore, it has been found that the yarn quality distribution on the zepin also depends very strongly on the safety spacing maintained. this is,
This is based on the fact that when the bobbin rotation speed is high, ff1J, and the bobbin diameter is small, ribbon winding appears in a significantly localized distribution around the bobbin and in the length direction. On the other hand, when the spindle speed is low, i.e. when the bobbin diameter is large and the bobbin is short, the IJ g winds at the same location around the circumference and/or length of the bobbin for a considerable period of time. appear. However, this phenomenon is not limited by the winding coefficient, and may also appear between the winding coefficient (tb) and the mixed 1 yy winding occurrence value.For this reason, the safety interval is also , ribbon winding and mixed ribbon winding are preferably freely programmable. For this purpose, in particular, the factor p=19/FSF could also be variably programmed. Preferably, Q = D F /s is predetermined and freely programmable depending on the value of ribbon winding that should occur at any given moment. It is possible to pass through the ri-sen winding occurrence value by increasing the traverse/Z-thus speed to IJ speed or decelerating it.Also, by setting the safety interval (Sl) of the 914M coefficient that approaches the ri-kin winding occurrence value. , the winding J4y coefficient after switching may be set differently from the safety interval (S2), or the ratio S 1 /
It should be mentioned here that the variation of the traverse speed cannot, as has been mentioned, be carried out exclusively by electric devices. i.e. one central trough for multiple bobbins (e.g. in filament spinning machines);
In six-spinning machines equipped with an S-speed drive, the traversing device of each individual bobbin can be rotated at two different speeds through suitable latches, freewheel transmissions, self-riding clutches, or other transmission connections. can be driven selectively by the shaft, in which case switching of such a transmission connection maintains a safe distance of the winding factor from the integer or fractional winding generation value according to the invention, and in addition the starting value of the traverse speed. and the blocking value is set in such a way that the change in the winding factor caused by switching the traverse speed is at least twice the safety distance. In the case of filament textured yarns, the yarn tension changes relatively only slightly, so large changes in the traverse speed are possible. FIG. 7 shows a filament processing machine as a multistage spinning machine for processing chemical fibers. Heater 38
, yarn 39, false twist spindle 40, second transporter 41. Winding, +bin 42, drive roll 43, drive roll drive unit 44, associated drive shaft 45, grooved drum or reciprocating threaded shaft 46 (hereinafter referred to as grooved drum), traverse drive unit 47, and A drive shaft 48 is shown with a plurality of grooved drums mounted thereon. Note that the drive shaft 48 extends in the longitudinal direction of the machine. In FIG. 8, the drive of the grooved drum 45 is schematically shown. A grooved drum 45 is rotatably supported on a drive shaft 48 and has gears 49 and 50 on both sides.
0 These gears have slightly different sizes. Drive shaft 48 is axially displaceable via gears 51 and 52 and drives intermediate shaft 53 with latching members 54 and 55. The clutch member has fixed position magnets 56 and 57.
This allows suction in the direction of the friction liners of gears 58 and 59. The gears 58 and 59 are supported on the intermediate shaft 53 so as to be freely rotatable and are in constant engagement with the gears 49 and 50 of the grooved drum. By mutually operating clutch members 56 and 57, the grooved drums can be driven at slightly different rotational speeds. The clutch members are actuated in tandem by a computer and programming device as described in connection with FIG. One component of the transmission clutch connection (e.g. gear 50,
59, clutch part phase 55 and one of the magnets 57) to the flywheel clutch 60 (direction switching clutch: D
ubbel's [Ta5chen-buch f'G
r den Maschinenbau J, 14th edition, 1
981, page 414), which transmits the slow rotation of the drive shaft 48 directly to the grooved drum 45. On the other hand, the high speed rotation of the grooved drum is achieved by actuating the clutch member 56, which causes the gear 51.5 to rotate at high speed.
It is transmitted via a transmission thread consisting of 2,58,49. Furthermore, elements so, sc+, s7. If a freewheel 60 is used instead of ss'4, the transmission connection 51,52 can be connected to the shaft 5.
．． 0 can be replaced by 3 automatic drives. Method claims 34, 36 and 37 can be combined with all method claims of the invention. In the above, when the winding coefficient approaches the ribbon winding occurrence value, the traverse speed is temporarily switched to the closing value, and IJ, 4? The present invention has been described in connection with avoiding the symptoms of recirculation υ1 by jumping through the winding occurrence value rapidly. For the first time, this method was successful in producing large-diameter spinning bobbins or stretch spinning bobbins from chemical fibers having a specific Ikuyu thread. Ribbon-wrapping symptoms appear in many mixed ribbon-wraps,
And since the ribbon windings and mixed men windings are located very closely together, the method described above
Afterwards +) It is not possible to prevent the appearance of the symptoms. Such a winding phenomenon can occur, for example, when the traverse speed is switched from a starting value to a blocking value which is within the mixed ribbon winding region. In this case, the switching of the traversing device to the blocking value can be prohibited, or alternatively, the ribbon winding symptoms that appear after switching to the blocking value can be regarded as not so bad a symptom. In addition, by delaying the switching of the speed,
That is, it can also be performed without considering the safety distance. Otherwise, there is a risk that the switching of the traverse and Z-trace speeds may result in entering the resen winding region or the #J mixed reson winding region. In order to eliminate such drawbacks and to avoid switching of the traverse speed which is not absolutely necessary but can lead to defects, at least the traverse speed should be changed. - It is proposed to constantly change the soot velocity starting pressure between the maximum value and the minimum value (shaking #I). It is already well known to vary the traverse speed periodically or non-periodically around an intermediate value for the purpose of preventing ribbon winding. In the case of a mixed IJ g winding in which the signs of winding or ribbon winding are very low, by vibrating the starting value of the traverse speed as described above, the traverse speed F can be brought to a positive value. This eliminates the need for switching and can also be performed with reduced safety intervals. As already mentioned, alternatively or additionally
Oscillating the soot velocity inhibition value can avoid or reduce ribbon winding symptoms that appear in the mixed resene winding region of the traverse velocity inhibition value. The above-mentioned oscillations can also be carried out in the integer resonant winding region, especially in the higher order integer resonant winding region. It is also applicable to the mixed ribbon winding region, especially the low order mixed IJ, f-wound region. Thus, according to the invention, ribbon winding prevention by jumps in the ribbon winding occurrence value is combined with increasing and decreasing oscillations between the starting 4tfi of the traverse speed and/or the limit values of the arrest value. According to the authors, defect-free spinning properties over the entire volume even at large diameter-to-stroke ratios;
Particularly homogeneity and uniform coloration, e.g. 1. ooom/
Yarn O-ζ from l bin at high withdrawal speed of more than 1 minute
- It is possible to obtain defect-free l-bins characterized by very good unwinding properties even in head unwinding, overhead yarn unwinding without yarn breakage or fluctuations in yarn tension, and in addition to avoid unfavorable winding properties. Yarns with yarns, such as those for stockings, and individual capillary tees, chilled yarns with small yarns? Also suitable for pin formation. According to the present invention, when combining (superimposing) vibrations as described above, the safe interval from the winding coefficient +J It is measured from the average value of the winding coefficient obtained from This average or intermediate value of the safety interval is determined according to the invention. That is, this value should be greater than the amplitude of the take-up factor resulting from oscillations in the traverse speed. This means that the limit value of the winding coefficient resulting from oscillations in the traverse speed must not fall within the ribbon winding generation range or the mixed ribbon winding generation value range. Rather, it is preferred that these limit values of the winding factor also maintain a safety distance. However, this safety interval can be set relatively small, since the time to pass through this limit value of the winding factor is quite short. However, the limit value of the winding factor is According to S,
A minimum safe distance of -FSP×pm□111n =FSPXB/2H should be maintained. The amplitude of the vibrations in this case preferably corresponds to the minimum safe distance. For this purpose, it is advantageous to make the sixth fraction a of vibration essentially equal to the coefficient p. In that case, a =
It becomes B/2H. Here, a is AMP/NO=
The maximum of the traverse speed (iM, - the minimum value of the speed of the traverse/the average value of the speed of the drag pulse, B is the previously defined thread width, HIJ is the previously defined bobbin stroke. Therefore, the safety distance according to the invention is always , should be thicker than the amplitude of the winding factor in the ribbon winding region, which is determined by the formula: F
Calculated according to a. However, the limit of vibration116
It is also important to maintain the minimum safe distance. In this case, the safety distance is the minimum safety distance FSP x pm
i. 0, which is larger than the sum of the amplitude of the width coefficient in the ribbon winding region and the minimum interval of the limit value of the winding coefficient from the ribbon winding occurrence value, expressed as
Advantageously, it is equal to /2H. However, if vibration is applied, the limit value of the winding coefficient may approach the ribbon winding occurrence value in some cases. The average or intermediate value of the traverse speed, which is important for setting the switching point, is advantageously determined by measuring the vibration layer and integrating the continuously measured vibration values, even if vibrations are superimposed. As mentioned above, it is not necessary to vibrate the entire bobbin travel range. Therefore, it is recommended that the vibration time be predetermined in relation to the occurrence of ribbon winding. This vibration time can be determined experimentally. Also, the duration of the vibration and its relative amplitude a=NO-Ncm, /Ncm can be predetermined and programmed depending on the winding occurrence. The relative amplitude is determined by the starting value N of the traverse device.
It is advantageous to make them the same for OA and l5 (1 stop, N OS).Here, if the stroke reduction movement is additionally superimposed or combined in a known manner, the stroke reduction of the traverse device The kinematic and oscillatory motions can be matched to the peaks such that the resultant yarn speed remains essentially constant. The ribbon winding stops due to jumps in the take-up factor and oscillations in the traverse speed are superimposed or combined. An example will be described with reference to FIGS. 9f and 11. FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate an example corresponding to FIG. This fourth-order ribbon winding occurs when 4 times the average starting value of the track speed is equal to the spindle rotation speed, i.e. 4×NCAm2NS According to the invention, a switch-over to the ζ-S speed inhibiting value takes place when the mean value NCA of the starting point reaches a safety distance S from the spindle station, where S is 4 times Minimum safety problem 16 between the limit value of the tracker speed and the spindle rotation speed.
The size is predetermined so that z' is maintained. Therefore, in the present invention, 2' is the minimum safe distance S'
□,. It is advantageous to make it equal to . FIG. 9 shows a case where the IE value of the traverse speed is greater than the departure value. The coefficient Q is thicker than 2. FIG. 10 shows the case where the blocking value of the traverse speed is smaller than the starting value. The factor Q is equal to 2. Here, in order to achieve as abrupt a change as possible in the traverse speed and the winding factor, the switching points and the vibrations must be adjusted so that the direction of variation in the traverse speed is as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. It is particularly emphasized that they should always be aligned with each other to coincide with the vibration direction. 9th
In the illustrated example, when the starting value of the traverse speed approaches the spin 1 rotation speed, the traverse speed is increased to the blocking value, so that the switching takes place in the vibration layer where the traverse speed is increased. This is especially the case when passing through the IJ winding generation region in a gland that changes the traverse speed, as in the case of switching from the starting value to the stopping value in FIG. In order to carry out the method of using superimposition of the traverse speed on the IJ width IS mark as described above according to the present invention, it is necessary to modify the apparatus shown in FIG. 1. That is, the first
As shown in FIG. 1, an integrator 61 is additionally provided, which integrates the successive measurements of the traverse speed detected by the sensor 17 to obtain an average value. Furthermore, an additional frequency converter 62 is required. Frequency converters 3 and 62 generate drive frequencies corresponding to the starting and stopping values of the traverse device. On the other hand, the frequency generator 12 is used only for driving the drive roll 8. The frequency generators 13 and 62 are controlled by an oscillating device 63 which superimposes the oscillator frequency on the target average frequency of the tra·ζ-ss velocity starting value and the l51a end value. The vibration generator 63 can be controlled by the programming device 19 via the computer 15. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a thread winding machine for chemical fibers; Fig. 2 is a front view schematically showing a cross-wound bobbin formed on a sleeve provided on a pick-bin spindle; Figure 3a is a diagram illustrating positive twill winding and lidar/winding generation; Figure 3b is a perspective view showing a portion of the yarn before it is wound on a sleeve; Figure 3C is a diagram illustrating the winding on a sleeve or +-t zebin. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the thread wrapping and closing method of the present invention; FIG. 4a and FIG. Fig. 4b is a graph illustrating the generation and closure of a third-order winding, and Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating another embodiment of the method of the present invention for reducing the torano ζ - speed. Figures 5a, 5b and 5c are diagrams illustrating the switching of the traverse speed, and Figures 6a and 5b are diagrams illustrating changes in the traverse/course speed of the traverse/course device. Figure 7 is a diagram showing a graph illustrating the principle realized by changing drive parameters, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a multi-stage spinning machine for processing chemical fibers, and Figure 8 is a diagram showing the drive mechanism for the spinning machine. Diagram, No. 9
1 and 1θ are diagrams showing another embodiment of the method of the present invention for imparting vibration to the traverse speed, and FIG. 11 is a drive for realizing the method shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a spinning winding machine in which a portion of the spinning winding machine is shown. l, 39... Thread, 2... Threaded roll, 3...
Thread guide, 4...grooved roll, 5...groove, 6...
- Bobbin spindle, 7... Bobbin, 8... Drive roll, 9... Asynchronous motor, lO... Toothed belt, 11... Synchronous motor, 12.13... Frequency converter, 14-X one device, 15-=total 31. Js4.
17.18...Measurement sensor, I9...Zologram device, 2]...Sub IJ-bu, 38...Heater, 41...
...transporter, 42...winding bobbin, 43
+45.48... Drive shaft, 44... Drive shaft drive motor, 46... Grooved drum, 47... Toranosu-su sliding part, 49.50.51.52.58.59. ... Gear, 53 ... Intermediate shaft, 54. ．． 55...Clutch,
56.57...Magnet, 60...Freewheel clutch Fig. 3Q Fig. 3b Fig. 3c Fig. 4 Fig. 40 Fig. 4b Fig. 5b Fig. 5C Continuation of page 1 Priority claim ■1982 May 3rd ■West Germany (DE)
■P"3216334.7 ■May 11, 1982 ■West Germany (DE) ■P3217562.0 ■May 27, 1982 ■West Germany (DE) ■P'3219880.9 @Inventor Manfred Meyer Federal Republic of Germany Remscheid 11 Hoenwwerk 73 0 Inventor Wuerner Bieper Radeformwald Bornhofstrasse, Federal Republic of Germany 19 0 Inventor Siegfried Putsch Würzpeltal, Federal Republic of Germany Kronenberg Kampfstrasse 32 0 Inventor Person Seekumar Gerharz Federal Republic of Germany Remscheid 11 Otto-Bahn-Stra Proceedings Amendment (Method) (Voluntary) June 17, 1980 Dear Commissioner of the Patent Office 1, Indication of Case 1988 Patent Application No. 44559 2 , Name of the invention: Method for preventing the occurrence of glue winding when winding yarn with coarse pitch winding 3, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Patent applicant 4, Sub-agent Showa Month, Day, Year 1999 (Shipment date) 6, Amendment However, engraving of the drawings (no change in content) Procedural amendment (voluntary) June 1q, 1988 Mr. Commissioner of the Japan Patent Office 2 Relationship with the case of the person who amends the name of the invention 34 Patent applicant 4, sub-agent Person 5. Number of inventions increasing due to multiple amendments 06. Subject of amendment 7. Contents of amendment (Re) On page 44, line 19 of the specification, "spinning machine" is corrected to "spinning or textile machine". (2 ) In the same page 45, lines 9 and 10, the phrase ``freely rotatable'' has been corrected to [not transmission-connected. (1) Correct the phrase ``can be rotated to a greater extent'' to read ``without transmission connection.'' (4) Correct the phrase ``more than'' to ``greater than'' in lines 5 and 6 of page 56. (5) On page 72, lines 6 and 7, "45" is corrected to "46." (6) On page 73, line 14, "power transmission thread" is changed to "46." (7) l-NCAmJ on page 8o, lines 15 and 17 of the same page.
[Corrected to read NCAM J.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Winding factor FA=NS/NOA or FS=N
S/NC3 (where NS represents the number of revolutions of the bobbin spindle per unit time, and Nc represents the number of reciprocating strokes of the truss per unit time) is predetermined or approaches the winding generation value FEP. When the transition occurs, the speed of 6 seconds is N
In a method for preventing recurrent winding that occurs when winding a yarn at +3 $1 pitch winding by switching G from a starting value NOA to a blocking value NO6 or vice versa, winding from a recurrent winding occurrence value FSP is performed. Coefficient FA=NS
/NOA or F'5-NS/NcS klJ/NcS By predetermining the minimum safe spacing Sm1n as a measure of the allowable spacing, and changing the trough speed, the winding coefficient can be adjusted to the resen winding occurrence value FSP and its safe area FSP: E:
Sm1n approximately in a jump, and the jump height D of the winding factor for the minimum safety distance Sn+in
A method for preventing the occurrence of recirculation in winding a yarn in coarse pitch winding, characterized by setting F to the relationship Q=DF/Sm1n≧2. 2. Winding coefficient F = N to resen winding generation value FSP
As a measure of the permissible proximity of the S/N O, a safety distance S greater than or equal to the minimum safety distance "min" is predetermined and the said winding factor h caused by varying the traverse speed is 3. The method for closing ribbon wrapping according to claim 1, wherein the viewing height DF with respect to the safety distance satisfies a ratio Q = DF/S≧2 with respect to a plurality of ribbon wrapping occurrence values. Claim 1: When the winding coefficient F approaches the ribbon winding occurrence value FSP, the traverse speed is changed by a sudden change in the drive parameter of the traverse drive unit. Or the method for preventing the occurrence of ribbon winding as described in item 2.4 When a three-phase electric motor is used in the traverse ζ-slide drive unit, the change in traverse ζ-speed is controlled by jumping at a predetermined frequency. 5. When a three-phase synchronous motor is used for truss/two-seat drive,
A method for preventing ribbon winding according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined frequency is changed according to a jump (two-steep relationship) that prevents the synchronous motor from going out of synchronization. 6. Driving/ξ parameter change function 7. A method for preventing the occurrence of ribbon winding according to claim 3, in which a differential component is superimposed on the ribbon winding. 7. When the winding coefficient FA or FS approaches the ribbon winding occurrence value FSF, the traverse speed is reduced. 8. A method for preventing IJ chin curling according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the IJ changes according to a jump-steep function with constant or decreasing acceleration or deceleration upon switching. When passing through the ribbon winding occurrence value by looking at the speed change, especially h+n winding occurrence value FSF < 4
8. A method for preventing IJ coiling according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a minimum interval is predetermined as a safety interval. 9. Claim 1 in which the jump height DF of the winding coefficient is greater than twice the predetermined safety interval S (7,)
The method for preventing the occurrence of seaweed roll according to any one of Items 8 to 9. 10. A method for checking the occurrence of IS according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the traverse speed is changed by increasing acceleration or deceleration from zero or a small value. 11. By changing the traverse speed 1) When the winding coefficient is passed through the chin winding generation value 1. In particular, when the IJ winding occurrence value FSF<4, the winding occurs according to any one of claims 1 to 6, in which the predetermined safe interval day is larger than the minimum safe interval Sm1n. Method for preventing this 0] 2 When the winding coefficient force passes through the 1 rise winding generation value due to changes in the track and goose speed,
In particular, when the winding occurrence value FSP<4, the jump height DF of the winding coefficient is set equal to the sum (2) of the predetermined safety interval and the minimum safety interval. 6) (Two words: A method to prevent the occurrence of ribbon winding. 13 Tras/ζ - Change in speed DC = (NOA - NOB)
/ N c A is between 0.2% and 5%),
When the yarn speed is changed by a change in speed (any one of claims 1 to 7 and 12: σ described in 2) in which the yarn speed does not change by a factor of 0.5 or more, one winding occurs. How to hide IS. 14. The change in the traverse speed is between 1% and 5 factors, and the yarn speed does not change by more than 0.1 factor due to the change in the traverse speed σ). A method for closing the occurrence of winding described in IJ.
J, 47 turns When a safety interval between the occurrence value FSP is reached and the safety interval is not exceeded, the traverse speed is cut back from the blocking value NC8 to the starting value NOA. 15. The method for preventing the occurrence of seaweed curling according to any one of items 1 to 14. 16.Tora・ζ-Susu speed starting value NCA is IS target value N
A method for preventing the occurrence of glue-to-thread winding according to any one of claims 1 to 15, which is smaller than C8. 17. The starting value NCA of the traffic speed is the blocking value NC8.
y) is also large, the ratio Q=DF/S is greater than 2, and the spindle speed NS has decreased such that the winding factor N S / N c s again reaches the safe distance S from the ribbon winding occurrence value. 16. The method for checking the occurrence of IJd winding at 1 ≦ according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the traverse speed is increased by switching the traverse speed from the blocking value NO8 to the starting value NCA again. 18. The starting value NOA of the traverse speed is the blocking value NCE!
, the ratio Q-DF/S is greater than 2, and the interval of the ribbon winding occurrence value FSP from the winding coefficient F obtained from the blocking value and the starting value of the traverse speed is a safety interval S. When the spindle rotation speed NS decreases to be greater than or equal to
The traverse speed is increased by switching back from the blocking value NC8 to the starting value NCA.
6. The method for preventing ribbon winding according to any one of Item 5. 19 Calculate the safety distance S according to the following formula: 5=FA/2H, where F is the winding coefficient determined as the quotient of the instantaneous measurement of the spindle rotation speed and the track and goose speed. Or IJ to be closed, winding generation value FSP
Winding coefficient close to ! and H represents the truss stroke or gib length, and A is the minimum permissible thread spacing between adjacent threads of two successive turns, measured on the generatrix of the bobbin. 16. The method for detecting the occurrence of IJ winding according to any one of Item 15. 20. Minimum safe distance S. in is expressed as follows, “ml−n=
F - B72 H is calculated according to the above formula, where F is the winding coefficient determined as the quotient of the instantaneous measurement of the spindle rotational speed and the traverse speed, or the winding coefficient close to the prevention value FSP. , H represents the traverse stroke or the I-pu bobbin length, and B represents the yarn width measured in the bobbin generatrix direction of the yarn wound around the bobbin. A method for preventing the occurrence of IJ curling as described in the above. 21. A method for preventing the occurrence of IJ and I7 winding according to any one of claims $1 to 20, wherein the shear winding occurrence value to be prevented can be freely zologrammed. 22. Ribbon according to any one of claims 1 to 21, in which the safety distance is freely programmable with a predetermined force depending on the IJ17 winding value to be closed. How to prevent curling. 23. According to any one of claims 1 to 22, the ratio Q, = DF/S is predetermined depending on the IJJ winding generation value to be determined and is freely programmable. A method to prevent IJ and l7 winding from occurring. 24 Low-order +) h+n winding, especially ribbon winding at the bobbin running end, is avoided by stepwise or continuous reduction of the traverse speed NG [7) 1, item 1] 24. The method for preventing the occurrence of curling according to any one of items 23 to 23. 25. The starting value NOA of the traverse speed is constantly changed (oscillated) between the maximum value and the minimum value over a predetermined section of bobbin travel. A method for stopping the occurrence of IJ curling in one bird according to any of the above. 26. Predetermined mixing of vibrations (partial) IJ HF
26. The method for preventing ribbon winding according to claim 25, which is carried out in a two-wrap region. 27. The generation of spiral winding according to any one of claims 1 to 26, which oscillates the tra-ζ-soo speed inhibition value NO8 for a predetermined or mixed winding and/or mixed tail/winding. How to stop it. 28 As a measure of the minimum permissible interval of the winding coefficient FA or FS from the resen winding occurrence value FSP, a predetermined or resen winding occurrence value and the oscillated traverse speed NC1 are used.
28. A method for preventing ribbon winding according to any one of claims 25 to 27, characterized in that there is a safe interval between the winding coefficient determined from the average value of A or NC8. 29. Safety distance is traverse speed NCA or t, +
29. The method of claim 28, wherein the amplitude of the winding coefficient resulting from the vibration of a S is greater than the amplitude of the winding coefficient. 30, the safety interval between the limit value of the winding factor determined from the oscillations of the traverse speed NOA or NC8 and the ribbon winding occurrence value is less than or equal to S□in, and preferably FSP-B A method for preventing ribbon winding according to any one of claims 1 to 29, wherein the method is less than or equal to /2H. 31, Percentage a = A M P / N C (However, A
MP represents the imaging width of the vibrating traga movement) is B/
31. A method for preventing ribbon winding as claimed in any one of claims 25 to 30, wherein the method is less than or equal to 2H. 32. A method for stopping the occurrence of curling according to any one of claims 25 to 31, wherein the traverse speed is measured and integrated to obtain an average value. 33. A method for preventing IJ winding from occurring as set forth in any one of claims 25 to 32, wherein the vibration time is predetermined depending on the value at which winding occurs. 34. Duration of vibration and/or percentage aggregation 27
34. A method for preventing ribbon winding according to any one of claims 25 to 33, wherein a predetermined value is programmed depending on the winding occurrence value. 35. Any one of claims 25 to 33, wherein the vibration percentage a is predetermined to the same value for the starting speed NCA and the opening value NC8 of the traverse/two-speed change during the vibration time. A method for preventing the occurrence of ribbon wrapping on crabs. 36. Safety interval S≧S□. The change function of the take-up coefficient obtained from the change profile of the traverse speed is the jump height DF of the take-up coefficient, which is the ribbon winding occurrence value FS.
P and its safety area FSP+Sm1n or F S
A method for preventing the occurrence of spiral winding according to claim 1, wherein P - Sm1n is selected and aligned so as to intersect in a region of maximum rate of change (maximum steepness or slope). 37. The ribbon according to claim 36, in which the safety interval S1 of the winding coefficient FA or FS approaching the IJ&N winding occurrence value is not equal to the safety interval S2 of the winding coefficient changed from the resen winding occurrence value. How to prevent curling. One relative safety interval S for the ribbon winding occurrence value of the 381 group
/ F 8 P = p = p is predetermined to be constant. Claim 36 or Claim 37. 39. IJ H? according to any one of claims 36 to 38, wherein the relative safety distance S/F S P = p is predetermined depending on the rekin winding occurrence value and is freely programmable. How to prevent winding from occurring.