JPS5820703B2 - Gas cutting combustion equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a combustion method and apparatus in a gas solvent process.

This method basically supplies heat onto the material (material to be solvent) using a movable heating source, which in principle has a point-like action, resulting in The heated and melted portion forms a band-like shape extending essentially perpendicular to the direction of flow of solvent oxygen.

The apparatus for carrying out the method comprises one or more solvent burners;
one or more combustion means for ignition, the combustion means being relatively movable parallel to the solvent burner and at right angles to the direction of the solvent, and at the same time essentially point-shaped heat sources. It has the function of preheating the strip on the surface of the material, or applying molten metal to the strip along with preheating.

Steel gas solvent is a heat dissipation process with a combustion temperature of 1250°C.

It is then necessary to preheat to this temperature the smallest area on the surface of the material on which the solvent process is to be carried out.

For this local preheating, the flame from a combustion burner, which is an essential part of a solvent burner, is usually used.

With either manual or mechanical solvents, the material and preferably the solvent burner associated with the combustion device must remain relatively stationary during the combustion process.

This also applies to so-called low-temperature solvents that are solvated at room temperature or to highly mixed solvents that are solvated at 800°C.

This stationary requirement reduces the throughput of the solvent machine since the machine must be stopped after each combustion.

The time loss due to the above-mentioned requirements is greater with point solvents where the solvent is applied to each surface defect.

If the frequency of defects is high, the processing capacity of the point solvent machine will be reduced, so it is advantageous to apply the solvent to the entire surface even if material loss increases.

In order to solve this problem in selective point solvents in a rudimentary manner, improvements have been proposed to shorten the combustion process.

When the combustion process occurs at a sufficiently high speed, the material is allowed to move relative to the solvent burner and the combustion device during the combustion period.

This method is called a flying start (flying star).
t).

To speed up combustion with manual solvent, a small amount of molten iron in the form of droplets is fed to the preheat combustion point.

The droplets are formed by melting iron wire in a preheating flame.

In mechanical solvents, a similar solution is to blow iron powder into the preheating flame instead of iron wire.

The heat of combustion of iron, combined with the favorable action of slag,
Good results for local heat transfer and accelerated preheating at the combustion surface.

The flying start method can only be continued when the relative speed is low.

Unfortunately, this is not the only disadvantage involved when using iron powder.

Therefore, instead of burning the iron powder, it has been proposed to use an electric arc to effect the initial melting.

The electrodes can be solid or insoluble. In either case,
The material is heated and melted by the action of the arc at the point on the material surface where the combustion of the solvent process is carried out.

If a soluble electrode is used, the amount of melting at the combustion point can be reduced to 'Jt71
There are advantages that can be reduced to zero.

During the operation of the arc, the electrodes may be stationary relative to the material or may be moved synchronously relative to the material (ζ).

In the first case, the melting section occurs parallel to the solvent direction and its length depends on the burning time of the arc.

In the second case, the melting is point-like, the size of which depends on the burning time of the arc.

The solvent burner begins operation immediately after melting is complete.

The preheated area or spot and the molten metal combust in a stream of oxygen from the solvent burner.

Depending on the plane in the melt zone and the direction of the oxygen flow, the solvent process actually takes place in a point or a line, from which point or line the solvent spreads out in the form of a wedge over a predetermined overall width.

Concentration of the melt and preheat metal at a point or area extending along the solvent direction substantially shortens the combustion process and allows a flying start even at very high relative speeds.

A significant disadvantage of this method is that it results in a relatively deep starting cavity and a starting area with steep edges.

Removing these steep sides by rolling is cumbersome and sometimes impossible.

This new second drawback occurs in rolled sheet metal.

The method of combustion of gaseous solvents according to the invention and the apparatus for carrying out this method eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and meet the above-mentioned requirements even in the case of flying starts in conventional gaseous solvents at high speeds.

In the method of this invention, a band-shaped metal contact portion preheated to a combustion temperature by a point heat source is formed in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the solvent.

In this preheating process, while moving the solvent burner in the direction of the solvent relative to the material to be solvent, the heat source is caused to travel in the direction of the solvent at a speed component equal to that of the material to be solvent.

Next, while the movement of the solvent burner relative to the material to be solvent in the direction of the solvent continues from the above preheating process without stopping, the molten metal is combusted by blowing an oxygen stream from the solvent burner onto the belt-shaped molten metal part. .

The apparatus for carrying out this method is equipped with a solvent burner and a point heat source, and continuously moves the solvent burner and the material to be solvent in the direction of the solvent, while heating the preheated belt-shaped molten metal part. Means is provided to control the heat source so that formation can occur in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the solvent.

The heat source is controlled relative to the burner, both parallel and perpendicular to the solvent direction.

Simultaneously with the above relative movement, the heat source is activated.

By appropriately setting the relative movement of the combustion device to the burner in relation to the relative velocity of the material to the burner,
According to the invention, a strip of molten, preheated metal is formed by operation of an activated heat source and extends transversely to the direction of solvent oxygen flow.

As a heat source in a combustion device, an electric arc composed of a soluble or insoluble electrode that burns with a material is mainly used.

In this invention, the point heat source is not limited to an electric arc.

Any point-like, high-energy heat source can be used, such as a plasma burner, a laser, an electron beam or perhaps a high-efficiency combustion burner.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings, FIGS. 1a and 1b show a first embodiment of the apparatus using an electric arc burning between a material and a fusible wire electrode as a point heat source for carrying out the method of the invention; Figure 1a is a side view of the device, and Figure 1b is a top view.

Figures 2a and 2b show a fusible thin plate electrode and a material as a point heat source for carrying out the method of the invention.

A second embodiment device using an arc burning between
FIG. 2a is a side view, and FIG. 2b is a top view.

In FIG. 1a, reference numeral 1 designates the control device for the combustion wire 11, which is shown in the starting position for preheating and melting of the combustion zone formed in the form of a strip.

2 is a drive device consisting of, for example, a pressurized air cylinder,
During the melting period, the control device 1 is driven in a pendulum-like movement 10 about the fixed axis 3.

The rocking surface of the control device 1 is formed within a predetermined angle in the direction of the relative movement 12 of the blank 7 with respect to the solvent burner 6 .

(See Figure 1a). The wire electrode 11 is fed out from the magazine 5 by the supply device 4 .

During combustion and solvent, the solvent burner 6 directs a flow of solvent oxygen in the direction shown at 8 and directs a preheating flame to the solvent location.

In FIG. 1a, the dotted line indicates the position 9 of the control device 1 after preheating and melting of the ribbon-shaped combustion zone has been completed.

In FIG. 1a, a crack is shown as an example of a surface flare that should be treated with a solvent.

13 indicates the crack at the position when the combustion device is activated and melting of the electrode begins, and 14, indicated by a dotted line, indicates the position of the crack at the point where the solvent starts after melting is complete.

In Figures 1 and 2, the solvent device is fixed;
The material moves relative to the solvent device in a direction opposite to the direction of the solvent.

In the solvent combustion method of the present invention, instead of the above, the material may be kept stationary while the solvent device may be moved to cause relative movement.

According to the invention, the speed and angle of the pendulum movement 10 are always selected in relation to the speed of the relative movement 12.

The velocity component of the pendulum movement parallel to the relative movement 12 is equal to this relative movement speed.

In this method, during the operation of the combustion device, the directional component of the relative movement of the electrode 11 with respect to the blank 7 is essentially zero.

The orthogonal component of the pendulum movement 10 is independent of the movement of the material.

At the beginning of the pendulum movement 10, an electric arc is ignited in the combustion device in the starting position 1.

The arc combustion that occurs between the electrode 11 and the material 7
Preheat and melt a small spot on the surface of the material closest to the

At the same time, the electrode 11 is fed out by the wire supply unit 4 while being melted.

The molten electrode material is fed towards the blank.

Energy to the arc is supplied from a current source connected between the material and the contact means of the electrode control.

This current source and its electrical circuit are not shown.

During combustion of the arc, the control device 1 moves from the starting position to a further end position 9.

This movement and all other movements (the pendulum plane is formed at an angle with respect to the relative movement 12).

) as a result of the preheated and melted metal strip 1
5 is formed on the material T.

By suitably positioning the shaft 3 and suitably selecting the start time of the pendulum movement 10, after the said pendulum movement 10 has been completed, the melting section 15 becomes an extension of the nozzle passage through which the solvent oxygen flow from the burner 6 exits. It has reached just before line 8.

As the oxygen stream now begins to flow out, the metal in the melt zone 15 burns and the combustion of the solvent process begins.

As a result of the diffusion of the preheated molten metal in this invention, the solvent is applied over the entire length of the melting zone 15, which in FIG. 1 is equal to the width of the burner 6.

The fact mentioned above is that the solvent groove occurs over the entire width, so that no starting cavity with wedge-shaped sharp edges is formed.

The full-width start of the solvent groove allows the solvent to start right in front of the surface defect 13.14.

Reducing the starting distance of the solvent groove saves material and at the same time reduces solvent time and saves time.

The combustion zone according to the invention extends across the front of the burner, so that the solvent process is more reliable, faster and easier to carry out.

A further important advantage of the combustion device of this invention is that surface defects located near the front edge of the material can also be solvated.

Conventional combustion devices using point heat sources do not provide the advantages described above with the solvent being maintained on the material.

The melting section 15 does not have to have the same width as the burner 6.

According to the invention, the width of the melting section 15 may of course be wider than the burner 6.

Tests under valid conditions have shown that a flying start can be achieved even with a strip substantially narrower than the burner.

Iron wire can be effectively used as the wire electrode in FIG.

This melting of the iron wire increases the amount of combustion melting.

Other metals and alloys can be used as electrode materials to burn exothermically or otherwise burn solvent processes to carry out the combustion method of the present invention.

This invention is not limited to one wire electrode.

Two or more electrodes can also be used effectively.

The arc may be generated between each electrode and the material, or between each electrode.

The mark may be generated by one common power source or multiple power sources.

The control device may be configured such that the arcs of two or more electrodes occur either one after the other or in parallel with one another.

The same effect can be achieved by repeating the melting period with a simple combustion device with a plurality of combustion wires, provided that there is a rapid return from the end position 9 to the starting position 1 in FIG.

The burning rate at flying start can be increased by using more than one electrode or by repeating the melting period.

A way to increase the amount of metal above the combustion temperature in the process of this invention is to utilize the heat of chemical combustion before the solvent starts.

For example, melting of the electrodes can take place in an oxidizing atmosphere.

The required oxygen is supplied by a suitably arranged auxiliary oxygen nozzle, for example mechanically connected to the control device of the electrode.

This device is not shown in FIG. 1 because it is very simple.

On the other hand, the same effect can be obtained by using a tubular electrode and supplying oxygen from this tubular electrode to the melting point, or by filling the tubular electrode with an appropriate oxidizing medium. In the description above, it was mentioned that a soluble electrode and an arc were used to form the melted portion 15 on the surface of the material.

It is clear that the essence of the invention does not change even if an insoluble electrode is used.

The apparatus using this method is basically the same as that shown in FIG.

The difference is that the magazine 5 and supply device 4 are not provided.

The control devices 1, 9 likewise replace support devices for non-consumable electrodes with pendulum movement.

When using non-consumable electrodes as well as when using consumable electrodes, it is an aid to blow oxygen onto the already molten part during preheating to increase the temperature and increase the amount of molten metal. A nozzle can be used.

Also, instead of simple non-consumable electrodes, more advanced heat sources based on arcs can be used, such as plasma burners, for example.

Furthermore, any suitable non-electrical point heat source, such as a high-energy laser, can also be used for combustion of the solvent according to the invention.

In this case, the control device 1 in FIG. 1 is configured with an optical system for projecting a laser beam onto the material during the combustion process to form a metal strip heated to the combustion temperature, extending in the direction of the intended solvent. change to a reflective system.

As is clear from the above description, the desired effect of the invention is that the pendulum movement 10 swinging between the starting position and another position 9 in FIG. This can be obtained by changing to .

The present invention requires that during operation of the combustion device over the material, a preheated metal molten zone is created by the combined relative motion of the material and the combustion device.

This melt zone extends essentially across the solvent oxygen stream.

In practice, some tolerances must be allowed depending on the accuracy of the relative motion control.

Other examples of combustion in solvents are shown in Figures 2a and 2b.

In this embodiment, instead of controlled transverse movement of the electrode, the electric arc has free or controlled movement along the soluble strip electrode.

In FIG. 2a, reference numeral 16 denotes a control and contact device for controlling the strip electrode 26 advanced from the container 20 by the supply device 19.

An electric arc 29 is generated between the electrode 26 and the blank 22 during operation of the combustion device, which is supplied from a conventional welding power source.

A current source is connected between the blank 22 and the control device 16, but is not shown for simplicity.

During operation of the combustion device, the control device 16 performs a pendulum movement 25 about the axis 18 by means of the drive mechanism 17 .

The speed of the pendulum movement between the starting position 16 and the end position 24 shown in dotted lines is adjusted correspondingly to the speed of the movement 30 of the blank 22.

As a result, the terminal position of the strip electrode 26 (and the material 22
The arc 29) for burning is fixed to the material 22.

The arc 29 generated during operation of the combustion device is controlled by the magnetic field created by the electromagnetic device 27,28.

During the pendulum movement 25 the arc moves at least once from one end of the strip electrode to the other.

Furthermore, in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the defect position at the beginning of the operating period is indicated by 31, and the defect position 32 after the completion of dissolution of the strip electrode 26 is indicated by a dotted line.

As a result of the pendulum movement 25 and the action of the arc 29, a molten and preheated metal strip 33 is produced.

The metal strip 33 reaches in front of the solvent burner 21 and approaches it at a relative speed 30.

Arrow 23 indicates the direction of outflow of solvent oxygen from burner 21 .

Oxygen is released when the molten zone 33 reaches the extension in the direction of the arrow 23.

The solvent process begins immediately, with the melt zone 33 burning in the oxygen flow, and burning the entire solvent groove width at the same time.

The combustion process is then completed and the combustion device returns to its non-operating position.

In this position the combustion system waits for a control signal for the next operation between positions 16 and 24.

From the above description of the invention, it can be seen that the same effects of the invention can be obtained even if the pendulum movement in FIG. 2 is changed to a movement in which the control device is moved vertically between the start position and the end position it is obvious.

Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the width of the strip electrode is made equal to the width of the bar, but there is nothing to the essence of the invention whether the width of the strip electrode is wider or narrower than the burner width. is not affected either.

In addition, in order to control the arc to move along the strip, means other than a magnetic field may be used, for example, the arc may be moved freely along the strip by melting the strips one after another.

This invention is suitable for use in high-speed flying starts as well as low-speed flying starts.

It is therefore clear to those skilled in the art that this combustion method can be used even in extreme cases where the velocity of the material to the burner is zero.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1a and 1b show a first embodiment of the invention using an electric arc burning between the material and a fusible wire electrode as a point heat source, and Figure 1a is a side view of the above embodiment. , FIG. 1b is a top view, and FIGS. 2a and 2b show a second embodiment of the invention using an arc burning between a fusible thin plate electrode and a material as a point heat source, FIG. 2a is a side view, and FIG. 2b is a top view. 1.16... Electrode control device, 6... Solvent burner, 7
゜22...Material, 11...Wire electrode, 13.33
... Melting part, 26... Strip electrode.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A point heat source capable of preheating a predetermined portion of a material to be solvent to a combustion temperature;
The heat source is supported by a predetermined fixed shaft so as to be able to reciprocate like a pendulum, and the heat source is moved toward the solvent at a speed component equal to that of the material to be solvent, and the heat source is moved toward the material to be solvent in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the solvent. control means for driving with a velocity component to form a band-shaped molten metal zone in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the solvent, which is preheated by the heat source; and a means for continuously moving the solvent burner and the material to be solvent in the direction of the solvent throughout the preheating process and the solvent process. Combustion device. 2. The heat source consists of an arc generating means that burns between the material to be solvent and a wire electrode, and the arc generating means is provided in a pendulum-shaped control means, and the plane of motion of the pendulum is at an acute angle with respect to the relative movement of the material to be solvent. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the velocity component of the control means in the direction of the solvent is equal to the velocity of relative movement of the material to be solvent. 3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the heat source includes a strip-shaped electrode extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the solvent, and the electrode is provided on the control means, and the movement of the control means in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the solvent is zero. . 4. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat source is a high-energy light beam. 5. Claims 1 to 4 in which the melting is carried out in an oxidizing atmosphere in order to increase the amount and temperature of preheated metal.
Apparatus according to any of paragraphs. 6. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the melting is carried out with the addition of oxidizing and/or combustible material in order to control the amount and temperature of the metal to be preheated.