JPS58198715A - Optical fiber laser gyro - Google Patents
Optical fiber laser gyroInfo
- Publication number
- JPS58198715A JPS58198715A JP57081251A JP8125182A JPS58198715A JP S58198715 A JPS58198715 A JP S58198715A JP 57081251 A JP57081251 A JP 57081251A JP 8125182 A JP8125182 A JP 8125182A JP S58198715 A JPS58198715 A JP S58198715A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- beam splitter
- optical fiber
- polarization
- incident
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Gyroscopes (AREA)
- Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は光フアイバレーザジャイロに関するものである
。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an optical fiber laser gyro.
従来、リング干渉計を利用した光フアイバーレーザジャ
イロの干渉状態の変化を検出する方法としては大別する
と次の２つである。Conventionally, methods for detecting changes in the interference state of an optical fiber laser gyro using a ring interferometer can be broadly classified into the following two methods.
（１）干渉縞変化検出法。（′２Ｊ干渉光強度変化検出
法。(1) Interference fringe change detection method. ('2J interference light intensity change detection method.
これらの方法のうち、（１）は縞を作るために片方の回
転の光の入射条件焦点を最適結合点からはずすため結合
損が大きく、また干渉光の１部のみ利用するため雑音の
影響を受けやすく、光学系の波長オーダの位置ズレで誤
差が発生するという欠点があった。Among these methods, (1) has a large coupling loss because the incident focus of the light of one rotation is moved from the optimal coupling point to create fringes, and it uses only a part of the interference light, so it is difficult to reduce the influence of noise. This has the disadvantage that errors occur due to positional deviations on the order of wavelengths in the optical system.
（２）の方法では回転による両方向回転光の位相差をΔ
θとするとＣＯＳΔｅに比例した干渉光出力が得られる
ためΔθが微小量のときは、感度が悪く、Δθが正負に
変化しても、回転の向きが不明であるという欠点がある
。In method (2), the phase difference of the bidirectionally rotated light due to rotation is Δ
When θ is used, an interference light output proportional to COS Δe is obtained, so when Δθ is a minute amount, the sensitivity is poor, and even if Δθ changes to positive or negative, the direction of rotation is unknown.
更に、伝送路として使用する従来の単一モードファイバ
は偏波保存性が悪く、偏波の不安定性が干渉光のゆらぎ
になっていた。Furthermore, conventional single mode fibers used as transmission lines have poor polarization preservation, and instability of polarization causes fluctuations in interference light.
上記の欠点を解消するため、ｓｉｎΔθに比例した出力
を得ようとする案もあるが、位相差が±（π／２）を越
えた場合にはやはり不都合がある。In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, there is a plan to obtain an output proportional to sin Δθ, but there is still a problem when the phase difference exceeds ±(π/2).
本発明は斯かる状況に鑑み、回転方向の検出ができ、回
転による位相差が小さい場合にも検出感度が優れており
、さらに位相差が大きい場合にも不都合が生じない光フ
アイバレーザジャイロの提供を目的とする。In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides an optical fiber laser gyro that can detect the direction of rotation, has excellent detection sensitivity even when the phase difference due to rotation is small, and does not cause any inconvenience even when the phase difference is large. With the goal.
本発明の構成を、一実施例を示す図面を参照して具体的
に説明する。The configuration of the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to the drawings showing one embodiment.
図において、５は偏光ビームスプリッタであり、コイル
状偏波面保存光ファイバ６の両端が固定されている。偏
波面保存光ファイバとは、固有偏光軸を有し伝搬する光
の偏波面を保存する機能を有する光ファイバである。In the figure, 5 is a polarizing beam splitter, and both ends of a coiled polarization-maintaining optical fiber 6 are fixed. A polarization-maintaining optical fiber is an optical fiber that has a unique polarization axis and has the function of preserving the polarization plane of propagating light.
レーザ光源１からの光は１／２波長板２によって、偏光
ビームスプリッタ５に対して約４５°の方位の直線偏光
として入射するように設定される。The light from the laser light source 1 is set by the half-wave plate 2 so that it is incident on the polarization beam splitter 5 as linearly polarized light oriented at about 45°.
３はビームスプリッタである。3 is a beam splitter.
偏光ビームスプリッタ５の透過光と反射光とはコイル状
偏波面保存光ファイバ６のひとつの固有偏光軸に両端か
ら入射される。The transmitted light and the reflected light from the polarization beam splitter 5 are incident on one characteristic polarization axis of the coiled polarization-maintaining optical fiber 6 from both ends.
偏光ビームスプリッタ５と偏波面保存光ファイバ６とは
マイクロレンズを介して固定することが望ましい。It is desirable that the polarizing beam splitter 5 and the polarization maintaining optical fiber 6 be fixed via a microlens.
偏波面保存光ファイバ６中を時計方向（ＣＷ）で伝搬し
た光と反時計方向（ＣＣＷ）で伝搬した光とは、ともに
偏光ビームスプリッタ５からビームスプリッタ３に戻さ
れる。Both the light propagated in the clockwise (CW) direction and the light propagated in the counterclockwise direction (CCW) in the polarization maintaining optical fiber 6 are returned to the beam splitter 3 from the polarization beam splitter 5.
このとき、上記所定の固有偏光軸からずれて他のモード
に変換された成分は除かれ、ノイズとなることがない。At this time, components that are deviated from the predetermined eigenpolarization axis and converted into other modes are removed and do not become noise.
また、ＣＷ光とＣＣＷ光とは空間的に直交する形で得ら
れる。この光の位相は、コイル状偏波面保存光ファイバ
６が静止している場合は等しいので、直線偏光である。Further, the CW light and the CCW light are obtained in a form that is spatially orthogonal to each other. Since the phase of this light is the same when the coiled polarization-maintaining optical fiber 6 is stationary, it is linearly polarized light.
この光をビームスプリッタ４で分岐し、一方は光の偏光
軸に方位を合わせた１／４波長板７を介して１／４波長
板と４５°回転した方位の偏光ビームスプリッタ８に入
射する。This light is split by a beam splitter 4, and one side passes through a quarter-wave plate 7 whose orientation is aligned with the polarization axis of the light, and enters a polarizing beam splitter 8 whose orientation is rotated by 45 degrees with respect to the quarter-wave plate.
また、他方は光の偏光軸に対して４５°回転した方位の
偏光ビームスプリッタ９に入射する。The other beam enters the polarizing beam splitter 9 at an orientation rotated by 45 degrees with respect to the polarization axis of the light.
偏光ビームスプリッタ８．９に導かれた光は双方ともそ
れぞれ差動増幅器１１によって差動出力３−
が得られる。すなわち、前記一方の光の場合には（１−
ｓｉｎΩ）、（１＋５ｉｎＫΩ）の光の差動出力２ｓｉ
ｎＫΩが得られ、前記他方の光の場合には（１−ＣＯＳ
ＫΩ）、（１＋ｃｏｓ）（Ω）の光の差動出力２ＧＯ８
ＫΩが得られる。（ただしΩは角速度であり、Ｋは定数
である。）
この双方の差動出力を演算処理回路１２により演算処理
することにより、前記ＣＷ光、ＣＣＷ光の位相差すなわ
ち、偏波面保存光ファイバ６の回転角速度を求める。Both of the lights guided to the polarizing beam splitter 8.9 are provided with differential outputs 3- by differential amplifiers 11, respectively. That is, in the case of one of the lights, (1-
sinΩ), (1+5inKΩ) optical differential output 2si
nKΩ is obtained, and in the case of the other light, (1-COS
KΩ), (1+cos)(Ω) optical differential output 2GO8
KΩ is obtained. (However, Ω is the angular velocity, and K is a constant.) By processing these two differential outputs by the arithmetic processing circuit 12, the phase difference between the CW light and the CCW light, that is, the polarization-maintaining optical fiber 6 Find the angular velocity of rotation.
この演算方法は特に限定するものではないが、例えば、
前記差動出力にＣＯ８Ｗ、 ｓｉｎ Ｗを乗じて２ＣＯ
３ＫΩＣＯ３Ｗ、 ２ｓｉｎ ＫΩｓｉｎ Ｗを得、こ
れを加えて２ ＣＯＷ （Ｗ −ＫΩ）を得、位相検
出器により（Ｗ−にΩ）のリニアな信号を得る方法など
が望ましい。This calculation method is not particularly limited, but for example,
Multiply the differential output by CO8W, sin W to get 2CO
A desirable method is to obtain 3KΩCO3W, 2sin KΩsin W, add this to obtain 2COW (W −KΩ), and obtain a linear signal (Ω to W−) using a phase detector.
なお、図において各素子間に空気を媒体として光を伝搬
しているが、この媒体として偏波面保存光ファイバを用
いてもよく、この場合振動に対する信頼性が高くなる。Note that in the figure, light is propagated between each element using air as a medium, but a polarization-maintaining optical fiber may be used as this medium, and in this case, reliability against vibrations is increased.
＝４− 図において、１０は光電変換器である。=4- In the figure, 10 is a photoelectric converter.
以上説明したように、本発明の光フアイバーレーザジャ
イロであれば、次のような顕著な効果を奏する。As explained above, the optical fiber laser gyro of the present invention has the following remarkable effects.
（１） ｓｉｎΔｅに比例した出ノｊとＣＯＳΔθに
比例した出力とが同時に得られるので、回転方向の検出
ができ、回転による位相差が微小な場合にも検出感度が
良好であり、位相差が大きい場合にも不都合を生じない
。(1) Since output j proportional to sinΔe and output proportional to COSΔθ can be obtained at the same time, the direction of rotation can be detected, and the detection sensitivity is good even when the phase difference due to rotation is minute. Even if it is large, no inconvenience will occur.
（′２Ｊ 光源や光ファイバの温度特性による変動の
影響が問題とならず、消光比の劣化が出力に影響しない
ため、検出感度が良好であり信頼性が高い。('2J) The influence of fluctuations due to the temperature characteristics of the light source and optical fiber does not pose a problem, and the deterioration of the extinction ratio does not affect the output, so detection sensitivity is good and reliability is high.
図は本発明の一実施例を示す説明図である。
１：レーザ光源、２：１／２波長板、
３．４：ビームスプリッタ、
５．８，９：偏光ビームスプリッタ、
６：偏波面保存光ファイバ、
７：１／４波長板、１０：光電変換器、１１：差動増幅
器、１２：演算処理回路。
：ｌｌｌニ
ア−
２イ ζ
ｉｕノ’／２The figure is an explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. 1: Laser light source, 2: 1/2 wavelength plate, 3.4: Beam splitter, 5.8, 9: Polarizing beam splitter, 6: Polarization maintaining optical fiber, 7: 1/4 wavelength plate, 10: Photoelectric conversion 11: differential amplifier, 12: arithmetic processing circuit. :lll near-2i ζ iuノ'/2
Claims (1)
方位で入射し、該偏光ビームスプリッタ５の反射光と透
過光とをコイル状偏波面保存光ファイバ６のひとつの固
有偏光軸に両端から入射し、コイル状偏波面保存ファイ
バ６を両方向に伝搬させ、出射した光を分岐して一方は
１／４波長板７を介して偏光ビームスプリッタ８に導い
て差動出力を得、他方は１／４波長板を介さずに偏光ビ
ームスプリッタ９に導いて差動出力を得、双方の差動出
力を演算処理するこにより前記両方向伝搬光の位相差を
検出するように構成したことを特徴とする光フアイバレ
ーザジャイロ。Linearly polarized light is incident on the polarization beam splitter 5 at an azimuth of about 45°, and the reflected light and transmitted light from the polarization beam splitter 5 are incident on one unique polarization axis of the coiled polarization-maintaining optical fiber 6 from both ends. Then, the coiled polarization-maintaining fiber 6 is propagated in both directions, and the emitted light is split and one is guided to the polarization beam splitter 8 via the 1/4 wavelength plate 7 to obtain a differential output, while the other is 1/4. The present invention is characterized in that the light beam is guided to the polarizing beam splitter 9 without passing through a four-wavelength plate to obtain a differential output, and the phase difference of the bidirectionally propagating light is detected by arithmetic processing of both differential outputs. Optical fiber laser gyro.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57081251A JPS58198715A (en) | 1982-05-14 | 1982-05-14 | Optical fiber laser gyro |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57081251A JPS58198715A (en) | 1982-05-14 | 1982-05-14 | Optical fiber laser gyro |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS58198715A true JPS58198715A (en) | 1983-11-18 |
| JPS6344174B2 JPS6344174B2 (en) | 1988-09-02 |
Family
ID=13741167
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57081251A Granted JPS58198715A (en) | 1982-05-14 | 1982-05-14 | Optical fiber laser gyro |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS58198715A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02132394A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1990-05-21 | Kenwood Corp | Moving body identifying device |
-
1982
- 1982-05-14 JP JP57081251A patent/JPS58198715A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6344174B2 (en) | 1988-09-02 |
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