JPS5819716B2 - Kakohouhou - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION When a workpiece is processed by a method conventionally used as a polishing, grinding, cutting, etc. The present invention relates to a processing method in which the processing is performed by supplying polymeric carbon fluoride in powder form.

Conventionally, methods for processing workpieces by polishing, grinding, cutting, etc. include cutting with a cutting tool, file, etc.;
Alternatively, many processing methods are known, including jet processing methods including lapping, sandblasting, and shot peening, and processing methods using abrasive grains such as puff processing and barrel processing.

With these conventional processing methods, the amount of processing is small, it is difficult to achieve a highly accurate surface condition, or it is not suitable for mass production for surface processing of highly hard materials, and the amount of finish per unit of work is small. There are many problems in terms of abrasive grain processing efficiency and economic efficiency, such as the occurrence of scratches called grains caused by the intervention of abrasive grains and foreign matter.

In order to solve these problems, improvements have been made to each processing method, but all of them involve selecting the abrasive grain material, particle size, mixing ratio with the dispersion medium, or changing the pressure, rotation speed,
The effect was slightly improved by selecting physical conditions such as the amount of machining fluid input.

Selection of these conditions conversely results in a reduction in machining speed, an increase in cost, etc., and a fundamental solution has not been reached.

The present invention eliminates these common drawbacks of the conventional technology, and does not cause damage such as cracks, scratches, discoloration, or rough skin.
The purpose is to improve industrial processing efficiency, obtain economic benefits, and obtain a good finished surface.

That is, the present invention provides a method for applying inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder to the surface of a workpiece without intervening a liquid while polishing, grinding, or cutting the workpiece using abrasive grains or cutting means. By supplying the material in a form, processing efficiency is significantly increased.

Here, cutting means include a cutting tool, a file, etc., and abrasive grains are used for lapping finishing, sandblasting, injection processing methods including shot peening, puff processing, barrel processing, etc.

The effect of this inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder is not clear, but it is thought to be roughly as follows.

The first action is a mechanochemical action based on the fluorine content, which is a constituent of the inorganic polymer fluorocarbon.

Mechanochemical action is mainly a process in which solid substances are crushed,
Impact, shear, stretching5. It refers to the physicochemical changes caused by mechanical energy applied by means such as friction, as well as the series of chemical phenomena that occur between them and the surrounding solids, liquids, or gases.

In other words, it refers to the formation of highly active new surfaces of solid substances caused by mechanical energy and the chemical reactions between them and other substances.

That is, the inorganic polymer fluorocarbon containing fluorine receives local pressure and frictional heat due to the mechanical action of various abrasive grain processing methods to generate new surfaces, and extremely active fluorine is also liberated on these surfaces. .

On the other hand, the surface of the workpiece similarly generates an active new surface due to strong shear and large strain due to friction and wear.

This new surface reacts with the active fluorine to form an extremely brittle fluoride or highly soluble substance on the surface of the workpiece.
Therefore, shedding or solubility of the surface layer is promoted.

According to our experiments, in conventional abrasive processing methods, such as glass lapping, an abrasive suspension and an inorganic polymer fluorocarbon are added alone or in water between the polishing machine and the glass workpiece. A significant increase in abrasive processing efficiency was observed by supplying abrasive grains in a dispersed state, and similar trends were confirmed with other processing methods compared to conventional methods.

On the other hand, the inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder itself is an extremely stable compound under normal conditions, and no change is observed on the surface of the workpiece unless it is accompanied by various abrasive processing operations.

In other words, the inorganic polymeric carbon fluoride used in the present invention generates active fluorine only when mechanical energy such as high pressure and frictional heat is generated between the workpiece and various abrasive processing devices. Although it reacts with the workpiece, it is a completely stable compound under normal circumstances, and can only improve processing efficiency without damaging processing tools and equipment.

In fact, an increase in the processing efficiency of various abrasive grains, which is thought to be caused by mechanochemical reactions, is observed in any form using inorganic polymer fluorocarbon, and as a result, it is possible to reduce roughness, scratches, discoloration, etc. on glass or metal surfaces. We have succeeded in increasing industrial abrasive processing efficiency without causing damage such as cracking, and achieving economical benefits.

The second effect is based on the lubricating effect of the inorganic polymer fluorocarbon.

As mentioned above, inorganic polymeric carbon fluoride is a reaction product of fluorine and carbon, and is a solid lubricant having good self-lubricating properties due to its layered structure.

The role of a lubricant on the self-growing edge of the abrasive grain itself and on the workpiece is extremely important.

The first reason is that when the temperature of the abrasive grain self-growing blade and workpiece increases due to frictional heat, the initial hardness decreases compared to when the temperature is low, causing unevenness in the finished surface and shortening the life of the abrasive grains. Therefore, it is extremely important to suppress the increase in frictional heat through the action of a lubricant.

The second reason is that the action of the lubricant reduces the wear of the self-sharpening blade and extends the life of the abrasive grains themselves, while at the same time giving good results to the surface condition of the workpiece.

The inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder used in the present invention is
A reaction product of a carbon material and fluorine, which is provided in No. 25012 as a "method for producing inorganic polymer fluorocarbon having heat-resistant, chemical-resistant, water-repellent, oil-repellent, and lubricating properties." Usually presents as a fine powder of 7μ or less.

Inorganic polymer carbon fluoride is a type of solid lubricant with a layered structure, and it has extremely excellent friction and wear properties, especially under high loads and high speeds, and has excellent water and oil repellent effects. It is based on the low surface tension common to fluorine compounds, and has characteristics that are equal to or better than those of fluorine resins.

Furthermore, the decomposition temperature of inorganic polymer carbon fluoride is 450-500℃.
It has properties such as being highly stable against acids, alkalis, and solvents, and is stable at room temperature, but has considerable reactivity when exposed to heat and other forms of energy.

Applications for processing using inorganic polymeric carbon fluoride can basically be divided into the following three types.

In the first form, the inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder alone or mixed together with abrasive grains is applied to the processing surface.

Although it is rarely used in this form, it is used, for example, when inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder is supplied as a powder alone or together with an abrasive between the wrap and the workpiece during glass lapping processing, or as a puff. An example of its application is when an abrasive of the above type is attached to a surface and puff processing is performed.

As one of the forms in which inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder is used alone, for example, in the past, grinding fluid or cutting fluid was supplied to the workpiece surface during grinding or cutting, but instead of that, inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder In some cases, only carbonized carbon powder is supplied.

The second form is obtained by dispersing the first form in a viscous body such as water, oil or grease, or a solution already prepared as a cutting fluid or grinding fluid.

This dispersion medium may contain abrasive grains, or may not contain abrasive grains when used as an auxiliary agent for cutting means or the like.

The dispersion medium broadly refers to a medium in which the movement of abrasive grains is relatively free, and the substance is not particularly limited.

For example, when supplying a suspension of inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder and abrasive grains dispersed in an aqueous solution between the glass workpiece and the lapping machine during glass lapping, or inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder The liquid honing method involves jetting by mixing abrasive grains with a liquid, or the liquid honing method involves mixing inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder and abrasive grains with stearic acid and hydrogenated fish oil during puff processing to create an oil-based abrasive. This corresponds to cases in which they are attached to the surface of a puff and processed.

The third form is one in which inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder and abrasive grains are fixed to a substrate with some binder. This corresponds to the case where the fibers that make up the puff are fixed to a relatively leading end.

This form has many similarities to a grindstone or abrasive cloth paper that also uses a binder, but the difference is thought to be due to the difference in momentum of the abrasive grains during processing.

In the abrasive grain processing method of the present invention, the abrasive grain materials include cerium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide (red iron), artificial diamond, boron carbide, emery, garnet, corundum, diamond sand, diamond, spinel, alundum, and carborundum. , manganese steel balls, glass peas, walnut powder, iron powder, quartz, diatomaceous earth, or media for barrel polishing, etc., singly or in combination, but basically, ( The function of providing mechanical action is important, and the material is not limited in any way.

On the other hand, non-polymerized carbon fluoride refers to a compound in which fluorine is covalently bonded to petroleum coke, coal coke, natural graphite, charcoal, carbon black, etc. alone or in a mixture as raw carbon, but due to the characteristics Due to the effect, the fluorination rate (reaction ratio of fluorine to total carbon) is not limited to 100%.

Further, although variations in the average particle diameter do not essentially affect the present invention, a range of about 3 to 5 μm is appropriate.

Actually, the abrasive grain processing method and the method of supplying inorganic polymeric polymer fluorocarbon can be easily carried out using an automatic supply device or a spoon on the processing surface, or by hand in small-scale cases when used alone and in powder form. It is possible.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described.

Example I C0.9-1.0% by weight, SiO, 35% by weight, Mn
0.9-12% by weight, Po, 03% by weight, 80.03% by weight, CoO, 5-1.0% by weight, Wo, 5-1.0
An alloy tool steel of JIS symbol 5KS-3 having a composition of 50 mrtt x 100 m by a milling machine
m x 10.5 mm, and coated with coarse wrap agent (Alundum 4 (,10#)) and fine wrap agent (Alundum 800).
#) to finish the surface roughness to IS (one side only),
The dimensions were 50 mm x 100 mm x 10 mm.

By the wrapping method shown in Fig. 1, the pressing force P is 1 to 9/crit, and the wrapping speed V: 20 m 7
'rn t n N Lapping plate 1: Lapping is performed under cast iron conditions, with a particle size of 3μ between the laps and a fluorination rate of 100%.
An inorganic polymeric carbon fluoride was added at a rate of 5 g/min.

As a result of looking at the lapping finishing efficiency and surface roughness in the lapping time (min) in this case, it was found that it was more effective than conventional lapping agents.

In the drawings, 1 is a lapping plate, 2 is a workpiece, and 3 is a lapping agent.

In FIG. 2, a shows the case of the present invention in which inorganic polymer fluorocarbon is added.

b is a case where a conventional wrapping agent (10% by weight of cerium oxide dispersed in water) was used.

In the lapping method according to the present invention, the lapping efficiency can be significantly increased in a short period of time, and there is almost no change over time.

Further, in FIG. 3, a shows the case of the present invention in which inorganic polymer fluorocarbon is added, and b shows the case where wrapping was performed using the above-mentioned conventional wrapping agent.

The surface roughness (μ) in Figure 3 is JIS BO6
According to 01.

As time passed, the surface roughness could be effectively finished.

In addition, in the dry lapping method, the lapping efficiency of conventional lapping agents suddenly decreases when the pressure or speed increases, but when inorganic polymer fluorocarbon is used, it can be used over a wide range of pressures and speeds. It is effective even if

Example 2 The amount of grinding was measured under the following conditions.

Sample: B s R2A specified in JIS H3321 (100m7rLX 50mmX 1
．． 5mm) (Composition: Cu; 64.0 to 68.% by weight,
Pb: 0.07% by weight or less, Fe: 0.05% by weight or less, Zu: remainder) Sandblasting equipment: with turntable, automatic abrasive supply, collection device, nozzle diameter 8 mrrt.

Jet part Nikkei 4 mm, air pressure 3 kg 7'cwt
) Working distance 20 mm, spray angle 30° Abrasive material; Grid #120 (abrasive), grain: diameter 3 μ
Inorganic polymer fluorinated carbon having a fluorination rate of 100% was added at a weight ratio of 5, 10, 20, and 40%, respectively.

Grinding conditions: The center line of the sample was aligned and fixed at the set position of a turntable with a diameter of 800 mvt, the turntable was set at 40 RPH, and the grinding time was set for 3 minutes.

Amount of grinding; shown in Table 1.

As a result, it was found that the product to which inorganic polymer fluorocarbon was added was significantly more effective than the product without the addition.

In addition, the wear of the nozzle, which is a problem in sandblasting and shot peening, was significantly improved, and it was also found that the product has the effect of improving the life of the shot as well as sand and grid.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram for one embodiment of the processing method according to the present invention. 2 and 3 are graphs comparing the method according to the present invention and the conventional method. FIG. 4 to FIG. 6 are perspective views showing an example of a workpiece and a container when performing the method of the present invention. 1... Wrap plate, 2... Workpiece, 3
...Wrap agent.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. When polishing, grinding, or cutting a workpiece using abrasive grains or cutting means, inorganic polymer fluorocarbon powder is supplied in powder form to the surface of the workpiece without intervening liquid. A processing method characterized by: