JPS5819592Y2 - electronic musical instruments - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to an electronic musical instrument, and particularly to displaying sound generation channels in an electronic musical instrument having a plurality of sound generation channels.

In recent years, with the rapid development of electronic technology, various electronic musical instruments have been developed, and electronic organs, which are represented by electronic musical instruments, are rich in musical expression because they can produce many tones and various sound effects. It is widely used as an instrument that is relatively easy to play, even for beginners.

In this case, methods for forming musical tones in electronic musical instruments include a sound source signal opening/closing method and a synthesizer method.

The sound source signal opening/closing method has been applied to commonly used electronic organs in the past, and it generates a sound source signal with a frequency corresponding to the pitch of the duplicate key, and responds to the pitch of the operated key by key operation on the keyboard. A desired musical tone is obtained by selectively deriving a sound source signal and supplying it to a tone forming circuit.

In addition, the synthesizer method generates a voltage signal (hereinafter referred to as pitch voltage) in response to the pitch of the key operation, and uses this pitch voltage to drive and control a voltage-controlled oscillator. A sound source signal corresponding to the key pitch is obtained, and this sound source signal is used to obtain a desired musical tone.

In this case, in a synthesizer-based electronic musical instrument, it would be expensive and complicated to provide a musical tone forming circuit corresponding to the master key, so the maximum number of simultaneous sounds is limited to a specific number, and a musical tone forming circuit corresponding to this specific number is used. In other words, it has been proposed to generate a plurality of sounds at the same time by providing a sound generation channel and assigning the sound specified by a pressed key to the appropriate sound generation channel.

The channel processor allocates key depression signals representing keys operated on the keyboard section to the specified number of sound generation channels.

This channel processor sequentially allocates key press signals to empty channels of each sound generation channel, and when all key press signals are assigned to a specific number of sound generation channels, it stops allocating subsequent key press signals, and when a key is released, Only when an empty channel exists, subsequent key press signals are assigned to this empty channel for processing.

Therefore, in the electronic musical instrument configured as described above, the position of the sound generation channel with respect to the pressed key is not determined (because it is not known which sound generation channel a certain key pressed signal will be assigned to).

It becomes extremely difficult to check the operation of each sound generation channel.

In other words, when a certain key is pressed, it is difficult to determine which sound generation channel this key press signal is assigned to.
Maintenance will be carried out accordingly.

It has various drawbacks, such as the inability to perform inspections and other services quickly.

Therefore, an object of this invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can easily determine the channel to which a key press signal is assigned by a channel processor.

In order to achieve this purpose, the electronic musical instrument according to this invention is provided with a sound generation channel display section that is driven by a sound generation channel selection signal of a channel processor that allocates and processes key press signals to each sound generation channel, thereby indicating the assigned channels. It is designed for display.

The electronic musical instrument according to this invention will be explained in detail below using one drawing.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to this invention.It can be roughly divided into key switches provided on each duplicate key, which operate depending on the key press (in the case of make contacts, closing operation, break operation, etc.). Detects a key switch that has opened (in the case of a contact, the key switch is open).

The coded signal displayed on this detected key switch,
That is, there are a key coder 100 that generates the key code KC and a channel (much fewer than the number of keys) that can simultaneously sound the key code KC supplied from the key coder 100.

), and a key code/pitch voltage converter 300 that generates a pitch voltage KV corresponding to the key code KC supplied via the channel processor 200. , a channel-by-channel tone pitch voltage control section 400 that controls the tone pitch voltage KV in response to key presses and key releases of operation key switches assigned to each channel by the channel processor 200, and a channel-by-channel tone pitch voltage control section. A musical tone forming section 500 that generates musical tone signals corresponding to the tone pitch voltages KV supplied from each of the 400 channels, and a timing signal generating section 600 that supplies various timing signals to each of the above-mentioned sections. Sound generation channel display section 700 that displays the channel being played.
It is composed of.

In the key coder 100, a large number of key switches 10
A key switch circuit 102 having 1a to 101n is provided, and each of the key switches 101a to 101n of this key switch circuit 102 is divided into a plurality of blocks (for example, a group for each octave), and the key switches 101a to 101n in each block are key switch for multiple notes (e.g. c
, c#.

D, . □ ~ While drawing out Nm.

The other terminal (fixed terminal) b side is commonly connected for each block, and wirings B1 to BL are drawn out for each block.

Therefore, in this key switch circuit 102, each key switch 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101a to 101b are connected to each other in a matrix (matrix wiring) in which the block wirings B1 to BL are "rows" and the note wirings N to Nm are "columns". 101n are connected to each other.

As a result, the total number of wires drawn out from the key switch circuit 102, that is, the total number of wires of the block wires B0 to BL and the note wires N0 to Nm, is equal to the total number of wires drawn out from the key switch circuit 101a.
The number is much smaller than that of ~101n.

For example, the number of all key switches 101a to 101n is "L×
If the number of wires is "m", the total number of wires drawn out from the key switch circuit 102 is the number of notes (m)+the number of blocks, and the number is rm+LJ.

Each of the key switches 101a to 101n of the key switch circuit 102 configured in this way is connected to the notebook wiring N to Nm.
It is connected to the note detection circuit 103 via block wiring B1 to BL, and connected to the block detection circuit 10 via block wiring B1 to BL.
Connected to 4.

In this case, the detection of all operating key switches among all the key switches 101a to 101n is completed by sequentially executing several types of detection operation states (hereinafter simply referred to as states).

The first stage ST) connects all the key switches 1 from the note detection circuit 103 to the note wiring N~Nm.
A signal is applied to the movable contact side a of 01a to 101n, and the block wiring B1 to the block to which the operating key switch belongs is applied through the fixed contact side of only the operating key switch.
The applied signal is derived from the BL, and the derived signal is supplied to the block detection circuit 104 and stored.

This will tell you which blocks are active (turned on).
The presence of one or more key switches is detected.

Note that the block detection circuit 10 in this first state
The storage timing of No. 4 is determined by the first state signal supplied from the state control circuit 105 operating in synchronization with the timing signal generating section 600.

When the storage operation of the block detection circuit 104 is completed, the state control circuit 105 detects this and controls the second state.

Next, in the second state ST2, one flock is extracted from among the blocks (one block or a plurality of blocks) stored in the block detection circuit 104 according to a predetermined priority order, and the block detection circuit 104
A signal is applied to the fixed contact side of each key switch included in the block through the block wiring B to BL corresponding to the block extracted from 4, and thereby the movable contact of the key switch of each note in the block is applied. The signal is derived from the note wirings N0 to Nm on the a side and stored in the note detection circuit 103.

In this way, the operating key switches 101a to 1
The signal from the flock detection circuit 103 will be transmitted only to the note wiring N~Nm corresponding to 01n, and by storing this signal in the note detection circuit 103, the operating key switch in the extracted block will be transmitted. (one or more) notes will be detected.

Furthermore, the block signal extracted by the block detection circuit 104 is as follows.

Multiple bits representing the block (3 bits in this case)
The flock code signal (hereinafter referred to as flock code BC) is K-converted and supplied to the sample hold circuit 106 for storage.

Note that the block detection circuit 10 in this second state
40170 track extraction timing and note detection circuit 1
The memory timing in 03 is determined by the second state signal supplied from the state control circuit 105, as in the case of the first state described above.

When the storage operation of the note detection circuit 103 is completed, the state control circuit 105 detects this and controls the third state.

Next, the third state ST3 is an operating state following the second stage 1, in which the note (one or more) stored in the note detection circuit 103 in the second stage
are synchronized with the system clock and sequentially extracted according to a predetermined priority order, and the extracted note signals are converted into a multi-bit (4 bits in this case) note code signal (hereinafter referred to as note code NC) representing the note. ) and sequentially supply it to the sample hold circuit 106.

Since this third state is executed only for notes stored in the note detection circuit 103, no time is wasted at all.

For example, if three types of notes are stored in the note detection circuit 103, the third state regarding a certain block is 3.
Ends in flock time.

Then, the state control circuit 10 requests that all note code signals stored in the note detection circuit 103 be read out.
5 detects this and controls to the next state.

In this case, if the block signal is still stored in the block detection circuit 104, the second state and the third state are
Return to state control.

These states are executed in the same manner as described above.

In addition, if there is no block signal stored in the flock detection circuit 104, the charge remaining in the flock wiring B1 to BL of the key switch circuit 102 (the stray capacitance of the wiring or the minute capacitor connected to each wiring is charged) After resetting by discharging all the charges (charges accumulated), the state returns to the first state.

On the other hand, the sample and hold circuit 106 stores and holds the block code BC supplied from the block detection circuit 104 in the third state, and outputs it in synchronization with the note code NC supplied from the note detection circuit 103.

That's a car. The sample and hold circuit 106 sends out a key code KC having a 7-bit configuration in which a block code BC and a note code NC are combined, and the operating key switch can be easily identified by this key code KC.

In this way, the first state ST1 → the second state ST
→ 3rd state ST3 and so on,
When the block detection circuit 104 sends out the block codes BC related to all the blocks initially stored and finishes sending out the note code NC related to the note of the t1 key switch in the last block, the block detection circuit 104
This causes the fourth state S
To, that is, the state becomes a standby state.

and. Key switch circuit 102. Note detection circuit 10
After confirming that all operations of 3 and the block detection circuit 104 have been reset, the state is returned to the first state ST, and thereafter the state of the second state 4ST and the third state ST3 are repeated as described above, and the state is returned to the fourth state). STo
That is, by reaching the standby state, the detection operation of all the key switches is repeated once.

The key code KC sent out from the sample hold circuit 106 of the key coder 100 is transmitted to the channel processor 2.
00, where the channels forming the musical tone signal are assigned.

In this case, the key code KC sent out from the sample and hold circuit 106 is held for a certain period of time.

This holding time is set at 1 in channel processor 200.
This corresponds to the operating time during which two allocation processes are executed.

Second, the channel processor 200 includes a key code memory 201, a key on/off detection circuit 202, a truncate circuit 203, and a key depression state memory 204.

The key code memory 201 is provided with a specific number of storage circuits corresponding to the number of channels that can be sounded simultaneously, and this storage circuit is advantageously constructed of a circular shift register.

In this case, the number of channels is A. Assume that the number of bits of key code KC is B.

An A stage (1 stage B bits) shift register having B storage units is used, and the stored (already assigned) key code KC is sequentially shifted by clock pulses and sent out in a time-division manner to create a musical sound waveform. It is used as a control signal for generation, and is fed back to the input side of this shift register for circulation.

The key-on/off detection circuit 202 detects the input key code KC supplied from the key coder 100 and the key code memory 2.
Compare all stored key codes KC that are sequentially sent out from 01 in a time-sharing manner, and if they match, the input key code KC is
It is assumed that the same key code KC has already been assigned to a certain channel and is prevented from being stored in the key code memory 201, that is, the channel assignment is stopped.

Also. If the above comparison results do not match, it means that a new key has been operated, so this input key code K
C is stored in an empty channel of the key code memory 201.

Furthermore, if the above comparison results do not match and the key code KC is assigned to all channels, the channel to which the sound whose attenuation has progressed the most among the sounds whose keys have already been released by the truncate circuit 203 is assigned. Detects the key code KC stored in this channel.
is forcibly rewritten into the input key code KC.

In addition, this key-on/off detection circuit 202 supplies the assignment state of the input key code KC to each channel to the key press state memory 204 for storage, and controls the sound generation operation of each channel, which will be described later, based on the readout output. At the same time, the key release is detected and the key press state memory 20 is stored.
4, and the sound generation of that channel is terminated while complying with predetermined conditions, that is, while performing control such as gradual attenuation.

In the subsequent operation, an empty channel is selected from the contents stored in the key press state memory 204, and the input key code KC is stored in the stage of the corresponding channel in the key code memory 201.

Note that the key code memory 201 and key press state memory 204
The signals are stored by selecting portions corresponding to each channel in a time-division manner in synchronization with each other.

The key coder 100 and channel processor 200 having the above-described configurations are described in detail in, for example, the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 50100879 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 52-24518) entitled "Key Switch Detection Processing Device". ing.

Of course, other key coders that have already been released,
A channel processor may also be used.

Next, the key code tone high voltage generation section 300 includes a sampling circuit 301, a sampling control circuit 302 that controls the sampling period, and a digital-to-analog conversion circuit 30.
3.

This key code tone high voltage generation section 300 generates a key code KC supplied from the channel processor 200.
is sampled in a sampling circuit 301, and the sampled key code KC is supplied to a digital-to-analog conversion circuit 303.

In this case, the sampling period of the sampling circuit 301 is determined by the output of the sampling control circuit 302, and the period is the time when the clock for shifting the contents of the key code memory 201 is counted by one more than the number of channels. ing.

Therefore, the sampling circuit 301 sequentially samples the key codes KC corresponding to different channels every time the key code memory 201 is shifted approximately once.

This sampled key code KC continues to be output until the next sampling, thereby performing deceleration sampling.

this is. While the key coder 100 and channel processor 200 described above need to quickly detect the states of the key switches 101a to 101n (key pressed state and key released state) and assign them to channels, the part that handles the pitch voltage is Since parallel processing is performed, high-speed operation is not required, and the operation cannot follow the high-speed voltage of the analog signal.

That is, the waveform becomes dull due to minute capacitance in the circuit system and wiring system, and as a result, it becomes impossible to obtain an accurate musical tone that matches the key code KC.

For these various reasons, the key code KC is sampled at a deceleration rate, and the sampled key code KC is converted into an analog signal and supplied as a pitch voltage KV to the voltage-controlled variable frequency oscillator of each channel.

A digital-to-analog conversion circuit 303 connected to the output side of the sampling circuit 301 is a part that converts the above-mentioned key code KC into a corresponding tone pitch voltage KV.

The digital-to-analog conversion circuit 303 inputs the key code KC decelerated and sampled by the sampling circuit 301 as described above, divides the key code KC into a flock code BC and a note code NC, and decodes each code.

Then, a voltage signal corresponding to the block is extracted from the resistor voltage divider circuit by the decoded output of the block code BC, and this extracted voltage signal is transferred to the note code NC.
By further dividing the voltage according to the note using the decoded output, a tone pitch voltage KV corresponding to the key code KCK is generated.

This sound pitch voltage KV is controlled by the sampling circuit 30 by a control signal supplied from the sampling control circuit 302.
Each sampled key code KC of 1 is distributed to the same channel to which it is assigned.

In this case, the operation of distributing the pitch voltage KV to each channel operates in synchronization with the key depression state memory 204 described above, and the channels selected as 0 also match.

In this way. The tone pitch voltage KV converted to the analog voltage corresponding to the key code KC is distributed to each channel, but when converting the key code KC to the tone pitch voltage KV, the circuit system in the digital-to-analog conversion part is Due to the minute capacitance of , some distortion (smear) occurs at the rising edge of the converted sound pitch voltage KV.

Therefore, the key code KCK corresponds to the converted pitch voltage KV, its first part.

In other words, when the tone is supplied from the rising start portion to the subsequent musical tone forming circuit, a musical tone that is completely different from the key code KC is generated in the rounded portion of the rising portion of this tone high voltage KV, and the frequency of this musical tone gradually increases to reach the target. A musical tone having a frequency corresponding to the key code KC is generated.

In this case, although the above-mentioned rounding occurs at the rise of the pitch voltage KV for a very short time, in a musical instrument, importance is placed on the musical tone at the start of sound generation.

For this purpose, the above-mentioned digital-to-analog conversion circuit 30
3 is configured to distribute the tone pitch voltage KV to each channel only after 5 digital-to-analog conversion has been completed.

That is, after the key code KC is supplied from the sampling circuit 301, the gate is closed for a very short time (1/1 of the sampling output), and then the pitch voltage KV is distributed to each channel.

Next, the channel-by-channel sound high voltage control section 400.

It is constituted by pitch voltage control circuits 401a to 401hK provided independently for each channel.

The tone pitch voltage control circuits 401a to 401h input the tone pitch voltage KV supplied from the digital-to-analog converter circuit 303 for each channel, and store the key press state memory 2.
The tone pitch voltage KV is stored in a capacitor by opening the gate circuit in response to a key-on signal supplied from 04, and the terminal voltage of this capacitor is sent to a tone forming section 500, which will be described later.

Next, the tone forming section 500 has tone forming circuits 501a to 501h provided for each channel.

These musical tone forming circuits 501a to 501h. A voltage controlled variable frequency oscillator (hereinafter referred to as VCO), not shown.

) Voltage controlled variable filter (hereinafter referred to as V-CF).

) and a voltage-controlled variable gain amplifier (hereinafter referred to as VCA).

) and an envelope generator (E'G) that programs the control timing and control amount of each section ξVCO, VCF, VCA), and is supplied with pitch voltage KV from pitch voltage control circuits 401a to 401h. Then, the VCO oscillates at a frequency corresponding to the input pitch voltage KVK.

This oscillation output is sent out as a musical tone signal via the VCF and VCA, mixed with the musical tone signal sent out from the musical tone forming circuit in charge of other channels via a mixing resistor, and then supplied to a speaker (not shown). It has become.

In this case, by controlling the VCO, VCF, and VCA with a control waveform signal generated from the enprobe generator EG, the oscillation frequency of the VCO changes slightly according to this control waveform signal, and the frequency characteristics of the VCF change. It forms a musical tone signal that is rich in naturalness and musicality, and furthermore, in the VCA, the musical tone envelope is controlled according to the control waveform.

This envelope generator EG is placed under the control of an adjustment lever provided on the L/operation panel (not shown) of the electronic musical instrument, and its control start timing is determined by a key-on signal supplied from the key press state memory 204. It is being done.

The timing signal generator 600 receives a reference clock signal (system clock) supplied from a reference oscillator (not shown).
is counted to generate various synchronization signals, and these synchronization signals are supplied to each of the above-mentioned parts to obtain overall operational synchronization.

Next, the sound generation channel display section 700 displays the channel /L/
Drive circuits 701a to 701 connected to each output terminal of the key press state memory 204 constituting the processor 200
01h, and display elements 702a to 702h, such as light emitting diodes, connected to the output terminals of each of the drive circuits 701a to 701h, respectively.

In the electronic musical instrument configured as described above, when a certain key is pressed and the corresponding key switch 101 is closed, the key code signal KC corresponding to the pressed key is generated in the key coder 100 as described above.

This key code signal KC is sent to the channel processor 200.
is supplied to

The channel processor 200 selects an empty channel or the channel in which the truncation has progressed most in cooperation with the truncate circuit 203 in the key-on/off detection circuit 202, and stores a key code signal in the corresponding position of the code memory 201 corresponding to the selected channel. Memorize KC.

On the other hand, the key-on/off detection circuit 202 stores one selected channel in the key-depression state memory 204.

The key depression state memory 204 is a pitch voltage control circuit 401a of the sound generation channel corresponding to the channel in which the key depression state is stored.
By supplying a key-on signal to channels 401h to 401h, musical tone signals corresponding to key depressions are transmitted from the respective channels.

On the other hand, the key-on signals are supplied in parallel to each channel from the key press state memory 204.

Drive circuits 701a to 7 provided for each channel
01hK is supplied, and after being amplified here, it is supplied to each of the display elements 702a to 702h, respectively.

As a result, when the channel processor 200 selects a certain channel, only the display elements 702a to 702h corresponding to the selected channel are lit, and the selection is made by looking at the lighting state of each display element 702a to 702h. This allows you to know which pronunciation channels are currently being used, which allows for quick maintenance.

As explained above, the electronic musical instrument according to this invention has a channel processor that sequentially allocates key press signals to vacant sound generation channels and generates sound corresponding to key presses, and displays the channels assigned by the channel processor. Since the sound generation channel display section is provided, the channel allocation status by the channel processor can be clearly displayed, which has the excellent effect of making maintenance extremely easy.

In the above explanation, the synthesizer method is used as a means for forming a musical tone signal based on the key code KC sent from the channel processor 200, but this invention is not limited to this, and can be used as a musical tone forming method. It goes without saying that other methods may be used.

In short, this invention can be applied to electronic musical instruments having a channel processor.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The figure is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to this invention. 100...Key coder, 200...Channel processor, 300...Key code tone high voltage conversion unit, 400...Channel specific tone high voltage control unit, 500 ...Musical tone formation section, 600...
. . . Timing signal generation section, 700 . . . Sound generation channel display section.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] A plurality of sound generation channels for forming musical tones, and a key press signal corresponding to a key operated on a keyboard is assigned to an empty channel among the sound generation channels, and a musical sound corresponding to the key press signal is generated. An electronic musical instrument comprising at least a channel processor that performs control. An electronic musical instrument comprising a channel display section that displays channels assigned by the channel processor.