JPS58109063A - Medical centrifugal pump having mass exchange capacity - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a medical centrifugal pump having a substance exchange ability that enables the integration of an artificial stone and an artificial lung. It was incorrectly evaluated that chaping pumps were used and centrifugal pumps caused more blood damage, and they were not used. However, as part of the artificial heart development research, research on centrifugal pumps was conducted and the results were correct. It has recently been discovered that if properly designed, it is possible to obtain a pump that causes less hemolysis than a chiming bomb. Moreover, the centrifugal pump
Since the discharge pressure is determined by the rotational speed and the outflow amount is determined by the circuit resistance, in clinical extracorporeal circulation, (1) even if the output side is accidentally clamped, the circuit pressure will be dangerous like in a chaping pump. There is no risk of generating high pressure.

(2) Since it loses its function as a pump when a large amount of air flows in, it functions as a safety valve for so-called Massive Air.

(3) When a small amount of air is mixed in, it has the property of retaining this air within the pump rotation field, so it functions as a bubble trap.

There are several advantages, such as: However, centrifugal pumps are more expensive than chaping pumps because they have a more complicated structure, and it would be desirable to sell centrifugal pumps as mere extracorporeal circulation pumps with good marketability.

On the other hand, the inventor thought that integrating an artificial stone and an artificial lung would have advantages such as simplifying the circuit, reducing blood filling volume, and reducing costs. As a means of achieving this, he used a centrifugal pump as an artificial stone and a rotor as an oxygenator, and discovered that the gas exchange capacity of the artificial lung could be greatly increased. For example, when creating a bubble lung that brings oxygen and blood into direct contact, in a normal bubble lung, in order to make sufficient contact between blood and oxygen bubbles,
Oxygenation is performed by running a flow path called an oxygenation tube with a baffle plate attached, but a characteristic of centrifugal pumps is that oxygen bubbles that enter the pump are subject to centrifugal force like blood. The contact time between the blood and oxygen is longer because the pump continues to rotate, and for the same reason, the amount of oxygen blown can be much smaller than with conventional bubble lungs. Damage can be reduced.・1 FIG. 1 shows a case in which the centrifugal pump according to the present invention is implemented by combining a venous pump with a bubble lung, and 10 is a pump housing, which is equipped with an inlet 11 for blood from the human body at the upper center and , an outflow port 12 to the blood reservoir is provided at the lower outer edge. Reference numeral 1 denotes a hollow pump rotor rotatably provided within the pump housing lO, which is integrally connected to a hollow shaft 2 that transmits rotational power and supplies oxygen. 3 is an oxygen blowing hole with a diameter of about 1 m provided at the bottom of the pump rotor 1. 04 is a blood introduction groove formed in a spiral shape on the surface of the pump rotor, which rotates the blood from the top to the bottom. It is configured to send. Reference numeral 13 denotes a gas vent pipe projecting above the pump housing 10.

The centrifugal pump having the above configuration is placed higher than the operating table, and the pump rotor l is rotated to remove the pump housing 10.
By creating a rotating flow of blood from above to below, and adding oxygen little by little from the oxygen blowing hole 3, the blood is pumped out and oxygenated at the same time, and excess oxygen is removed from the gas vent pipe 13. will be released to the outside.

A more advantageous embodiment of the invention is when the pump rotor is given the function of a modified oxygenator. In other words, although it is widely accepted that a ventilation oxygenator is a more ideal oxygenator than a bubble cap oxygenator, conventional oxygenation efficiency is poor, it is expensive, and it is difficult to operate. It has not become widely popular due to reasons such as being difficult to use. In particular, the poor gas exchange performance due to the membrane surface area is one of the problems with the improvement of the 1lIi11 oxygenator, but the performance of the gas exchange membranes currently on the market is not as good as the gas exchange performance of the actual oxygenator. It is 1000 to 10,000 times higher than Noh. Reason 6: When realized as a modified oxygenator, a boundary layer 25 is formed near the lung surface.
This is because this boundary layer impairs gas exchange performance.

The inventor constructed a hollow pump rotor from a material with high gas exchange ability, such as microporous polypropylene,
It has been discovered that if gas exchange is performed through the rotation of the rotor, the boundary layer will be destroyed by the rotation of the rotor, and the oxygenation efficiency will be improved by at least 10 times compared to the conventional method.

FIG. 2 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a membranous oxygenator.
Reference numeral 10 is a Bonpnot-Using, which has a blood inlet 11 at the lower center and a blood outlet 12 at the upper outer edge. 1
o2 is a pump rotor that is airtightly suspended from the center of the upper surface of the housing 10; A hollow shaft that provides rotational power to the rotor and also supplies oxygen.
In the case of the embodiment, an oxygen blowing pipe 5 is inserted into the hollow shaft 2, and oxygen is blown into the rotor 1 from the pipe 5 and is discharged through the hollow shaft 2. .

In the above configuration, when blood is introduced into the bomb/housing 10 from the inlet 11 and the pump rotor 1 is rotated, the blood begins to rotate due to its viscosity, and the centrifugal force becomes higher pressure closer to the outer periphery of the housing, causing the flow to flow. It will be sent out from the outlet 12. At the same time, the oxygen blown into the pump rotor 1 from the oxygen blowing tube 5 supplies oxygen to the blood through the membrane having gas exchange ability constituting the rotor 1.

In the embodiment shown in the second figure above, if the pump rotor 1 is configured with a hemodialysis membrane instead of the gas exchange membrane that constitutes the pump rotor 1, a highly efficient hemodialyzer can be realized. be able to.

For the same reason, if heat exchange capability is added to the pump rotor, the boundary layer will be destroyed more effectively than in conventional heat exchangers, resulting in a heat exchanger with higher performance.

In FIG. 3, 10 is a blood storage tank, and a hollow stainless steel pump rotor 1 is provided at the bottom of a baffle plate 14. By circulating hot or cold water within the pump rotor 1 through the hollow shaft 2, the blood in the blood storage tank IO can be heated or cooled and then sent out from the outlet 12.

As described above, according to the medical centrifugal pump having the ability to exchange substances according to the present invention, the pump rotor has the function of pumping like an artificial stone, and at the same time has the ability to exchange the substances. By effectively destroying the boundary layer between the membrane and the membrane and performing highly efficient mass exchange, it can function as, for example, a high-performance artificial lung.

FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing another embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing still another application example.

1... Pump rotor, 2... Hollow shaft, 10
Pump housing, 11・Inlet, 12・Outlet Patent applicant: Nippon Crescent Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A hollow shaft that transmits power and introduces an exchange substance, a pump rotor that is connected to the hollow shaft and has the ability to exchange the exchange substance, and a ridge on the outer periphery of the pump rotor that has an inlet for receiving the exchange substance. A centrifugal pump for medical use that has the ability to exchange materials and consists of a Bonpnot clamp with an outlet in the center and an outlet on the outer edge.