JPS58104607A - Dehydrating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a dehydrating device free from energy loss and not lowering the value of an objective substance, by sealing a water soluble high molecular substance having swelling pressure against water into a bag like member of which the part comprises a specific diaphragm. CONSTITUTION:This dehydrating device comprises a water soluble high molecular substance 5 having swelling pressure against water and a bag like member of which at least a part is formed from a water prermeable diaphragm substantially incapable of permeating said water soluble high moelcular substance in a wet condition. As the water soluble high moelcular substance, there are a natural substance such as starch, mannan, agar, sodium alginate, tragacanth gum or dextrin and a synthetic high molecular substance such as viscose, MC, HFC or CMC and these substances are used in a powdery or a pasty form. As the diaphragm, cellophane or sulfate ester of cellulose is used. This dehydrating device can be used not only in contact dehydration of food but also in removal of moisture in an org. solvent.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a novel contact dehydration tool.

In recent years, various drying methods and drying equipment have been put on the market, and a large number of drying foods have also been put on the market. In both of these methods, the liquid water is converted into water and then evaporated from the surface of the object containing water to form a raw mass. There is a lot of loss in thermal energy, and there are many changes due to heat during heating, which is often undesirable. Some methods are also used that do not change the appearance of water.

An example of this is a method that has been used since ancient times to remove water from the object by rubbing salt into the food as deliquescent water. Another problem is that it is limited to dehydrating agents that do not migrate into the objects to be dehydrated. I can't think of a way to prevent these salts from migrating into the object using a semipermeable membrane.
However, the problem is that diaphragms exhibiting sufficient semipermeability cannot be produced industrially at low cost and are not common. If salt is used as a dehydrating agent and the ions of the salt permeate through ordinary cellophane (even if used as an I-diaphragm, it will not work), the purpose cannot be fully achieved.

According to the present invention, a simple, effective, and highly practical dewatering tool that solves these problems is provided.

The dehydration tool of the present invention includes (a) a water-soluble polymer having a swelling pressure with respect to water; and (-) a water-soluble polymer having a swelling pressure in water of
c111? It consists of a bag-like material made of M-shaped cotton and at least partially formed by a water-permeable diaphragm that is substantially impermeable, and the water-soluble polymer is a dry powder or does not contain much water. The powder powder is boiled in the form of a paste and processed into a shaped part f' enclosed in the bag-like material. This dehydration tool is used to dehydrate an object by contacting it with free water (liquid width).

Due to this structure, the diaphragm has a frame, and its properties are ・':,
1.1° Water permeability is required to be as high as possible and dialysis property is required to be high so that water-soluble polymer molecules do not permeate. However, these two properties conflict with each other. In other words, if the effective value of the diaphragm is slightly smaller, the permeability of water-soluble polymers will be lower, but the water permeability will also generally be worse. This is because.

Since water-soluble polymers do not have a constant molecular weight or the effective spread of molecules during swelling or dissolution, they have a distribution, and the diaphragm has a uniform surface shape that affects the effective diameter and permeability. rather than having a distribution. For this reason, in this specification, (a), even if only a small portion of water-soluble polymers permeate, the majority of water-soluble polymer molecules cannot permeate (because there is no practical problem). Water-soluble polymers can be expressed as ``substantially impermeable''.Water-soluble polymers can be chemically synthesized, natural products, or a part of the molecular structure of natural products. However, there are no particular limitations as long as the material has a swelling pressure of 100 ft and is substantially impermeable to the diaphragm in a state in which it is engraved or dissolved in ice. Examples of natural water-soluble polymers include dextrin, mannanites, agar and sodium alginate, plant mucilages such as gum tracanth and arabic plum, and microorganisms such as dextra and levan. Pawn goods, glue, gelati/
, Kola rno, casei/like proteins, etc.

Examples of semi-synthetic water-soluble polymers include seaweed, viscose, methylcellulose (MC), ethylcellulose (EC),
Modified celluloses such as hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), carboxymethylcellulose (CMS)
There are synthetic water-soluble polymers such as modified starch/lL popal such as , dialdehyde, polyacrylic soda, and polyethylene oxide, but even with these alkaline kettle salts, For the purposes of the present invention, any material that exhibits #temperature and pressure relative to water can be used. However, there are considerable differences in the composition of the swelling pressure of these hydrophilic polymers, and the swelling pressure for water tends to increase when ordinary VC is made into a soda salt, but due to the molecular weight and branching of the polymer, It also affects the texture of the cotton. Among the nocturnal water molecules tested by the present inventor, those that had the greatest effect were sodium polyacrylate, CMC soda salt, and Ryorugi/#! Soda, pectin, cloves/[Yizorobile/
Glycol etc. Even for hydrophilic polymers that do not exhibit a very large swelling pressure, the swelling pressure can be increased by making them in the form of Ha salts or introducing long chains, as is often seen with cellulose and other materials. It is also possible to modify the membrane to suit the purpose of the invention. Thermoplastic polymer film with fine through-holes, laminated with fine fibers of thermoplastic resin, Gress D Loe, calendered complete film made of cellulose fibers. Thermoplastic resin or other material (cellulose-based nonwoven fabric) processed into a film-like surface can be used, but in any case, it must be water permeable and the water-soluble polymer will swell in water or dissolve in water. It is necessary for the purposes of the present invention that it be substantially impervious to wiping.

Hydrophobic materials with a hydrophobic surface generally have poor water permeability, so it is preferable to make them easily wettable by water by rolling them into the surfactant bottle material or layering them on the surface.
In addition, if the above-mentioned water-permeable diaphragm is processed into a bag shape so that it can come into contact with water, it is necessary to use adhesive or heat-seal it. 1! In the case of a film that is water-permeable and swells with water, there is no adhesive that can provide the same water-resistance strength as that of light.From this point of view, it is preferable to use a film that can be heat-sealed and processed. . However, in the case of cellophane,
Is it straw-like cellophane sold as a sausage casing? If used, complete encapsulation can be achieved by tightening the ends with t-combs, strings, metal, etc.

For the purpose of the present invention, it is not appropriate to install hydrophobic 1 on the surface of the frame or film, but this does not pose a particular problem for those with a surfactant added to the surface base ◎ - General 1
! Although the water-resistant adhesion of ordinary cellophane (cellophage) is very strict, if an excessive amount of surfactant is included, it may be possible to form an adhesion with a certain degree of water resistance, and it is also possible to process it into a bag shape as in the present invention. becomes.

A1 polyethylene/co polyglopylene, polyamide,
There are thermoplastic resin films such as polyester,
Since they are generally formed into a film by mixing a certain amount of pigment with the die/flation method or the T-die method, they often have no water permeability at all. There are many patents on methods of imparting water permeability, but most of them involve JO processing to create a microporous structure and holes. In recent years, some products have been commercially available using the heat sealing method, such as fA44.Although a heat-resistant water-permeable film is preferable because it can be used with existing equipment, the price of the film is higher than that of a normal water-impermeable film. However, since polyolefin is a cheap material, there is a possibility that it will be widely used in future trout production.

When processing a water-permeable film into a bag, it is not necessary that the entire bag be made water-permeable, and it is often sufficient to make only a portion of it water-permeable. In particular, since water-permeable thermoplastic films are expensive, it is desirable to use a water-impermeable film on one side of the frame from the viewpoint of reducing frame costs. As a bag-like object, it may be a very common rectangular shape, but it does not matter whether it is circular or cylindrical. Also, inside the bag? Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the center part of the bag-like material from bulging too much in the oil seal by dividing the oil into 1,000 parts. If each bag-like object is a (or small cell-like object, r
As shown in the examples below, there are no restrictions on the size of the bag-like product, and even if the small cell-like compartments are connected to form a sheet or membrane.

There is no problem with the present invention. That is, as long as the %O has a structure that can functionally confine water bathing foreign molecules even if the outer appearance is different from that of a general bag-like material, it is convenient in the present invention. 〇Next, let's look at the example of Yumei 9r in detail. In addition, dehydration of Meyama Mizukurayoshimu refers to the water absorption of water itself, so in many examples, it is simply immersed in pure water to form a water absorption state. I held a ceremony. In addition, the abrasion resistance of the diaphragm was checked by checking for sliminess on the surface and by evaporating water (I'll outside the bag) to dryness.

Supplementary example l Using f+4 cellophane FT 300 base as a diaphragm 1
11. This was sealed with quinceanate adhesive (one-half coated with ethyl acetate) using the μ coating method.Inner dimensions 5cRx 5.5m
It was made into a rectangular bag-like object with a width (Tcx width). Before sealing everything, add sodium polyacrylate (Memphloc AA400A manufactured by Showa Denko) as a swellable water-soluble molecule to the bag [
0.3g 11. : I filled it up. I/Afro□, 1゜Tsuku A, 4400, 4μ Sadodo 1,000 children, approximately 5 million yen,
α2% water bath liquid viscosity! 1700 ce/Chipoise.

After the contact layer had dried, the water temperature for each bag of autumn products reached 30° C.1 or higher, and the bag was absorbing as much water as possible.

If you press the water-absorbed bag with your finger, the adhesive part will peel off with a relatively weak force, L = 7 tons.

Example 2 Ordinary Shichiroa Ryo 7PT 300 count rte was used as the diaphragm, and a bag was made in exactly the same manner as in Example 1. Calcium-oxymethyl cellulose (C-1) was added as a swellable water-based polymer in the bag.
cMc) Na weir (Showa Chemical Chemistry Reagent) α31t was enclosed. After soaking this in pure water at 30℃ for 24 hours,
It was over ttrLZS grams and was absorbing more and more water than the bag itself.

Example 3...1m ・：：′.

In exactly the same way as in Example 1, make a bag tube using ordinary 07 Anne P7'300, and fill it with alginic acid solution (Showa Kagaku ■).
Manufacture reagent) tα3g diseased patient.

Immersed in pure water at 30℃ for 24 hours (9 hours, 11L'j)
L was 25 grams or more, and the bag had absorbed as much water as Nt.

Practical IJIA Example 4 In a bag exactly the same as Practical Example 1, 3 grams of pectin (Showa Kagaku ETA Test 4) made from Lemo/α was sealed. When this was immersed in pure water at 30°C for 24 hours, the amount of electricity was over 25 grams, which made the bag very useful.

The surfaces of the bags after water absorption in Examples 1 to 4 were not slimy, and the pure water side was evaporated to dryness. It was determined that they had not.

Example 5 As a water-permeable diaphragm, Tanezu Kagaku Kogyo-Kon Cellpore w-o
It was made into a bag layer with a hot par type heat seal, four circumference T seals, and an inner dimension of 4.5 aaw and 5.5 mm. Prior to sealing the entire circumference, 3 grams of sodium polyacrylate α, which was used as a water FG curved polymer in Jitsubishi 1, and a colleague's sodium polyacrylate α, were sealed in the bag. CELLBOA W-01 is a water-permeable heat-sealable 5QeD diaphragm made of high-density polyethylene 71 with communicating pores of 1 μ or less, and is a suitable film that can be used as a diaphragm in the present invention to obtain a seal with strong water injection strength. It is. 3
After immersing it in pure water at 0°C for 1.4 hours, it weighed more than 25 grams, and the bag weighed 7 tons.

Example 6 In the same bag as in Example 5, 3 grams of propylene dalycol alginate (Showa Kagaku Kagaku Co., Ltd.) α was sealed. After being immersed in pure water at t-30°C for 24 hours, the weight increased by 11.5 durams.

EXAMPLE In the same bag as in Example 5, the Nα salt of oxymethyl cellulose used in Example 2 and the IWI
α3 grams enclosed. When this bag was immersed in pure water at fBo°C for 24 hours, it weighed more than 25 grams and the capacity of the bag was full.

Example 8 In the same bag as in Example 5, 3 grams of the same pecti/α used in Example 4 was sealed.

When this was immersed in pure water at 130° C. for 24 hours, the weight became more than 25 durams, and the capacity of the bag was full.

In the bags used in Cellpore W-01Q in Actual Examples 5 to 8, no slime was observed on the surface, and when solids were detected by evaporation to dryness on the water side, substantially no solids were detected.
Example 9: Fold + 11i & 5 tx cylindrical Fuxi cellophane sausage cake nog (7.5 g/m). Cut into 15 m length and secure with 7 pieces of aluminum wire from both shoulders to lIx. .Before binding both ends, the same polyacrylic acid powder Lff Dara A as in Example 1 was sealed in this.When this material was immersed in pure water at 130°C for 48 hours, it absorbed water and the erected part was about 100°C. grams, and the valley expands to %Alt.

There was no slime on the surface of the cylindrical cellophane, and even when the moisture on the outside was evaporated to dryness, no solid content was observed.

Example 1O The same cylindrical cellophane as in Example 9 was made in the same manner as in Example 9. L,
At that time, 0 g of algi/acid glopylene/glycol was encapsulated in sodium polyacrylate. ,
The amount of this product used is 10 grams. : This is because its swelling pressure is lower than that of sodium polyacrylate, as shown by the actual mqs results. When it was immersed in pure water at 30°C for 4'8 hours, it absorbed water and produced approximately 100 grams of electricity, the highest capacity.

There was no slime on the surface of the cylindrical cellophane, and it was determined that there was no substantial VC permeation of the water bathing polymer content even when solid content was detected in the outside moisture by evaporation to dryness method0 Example 11 Example The same tLO grams of alginate as used in Example 3 were enclosed in the same cylindrical cellophane back as in the previous example. , immersed in pure water at 130°C for 48 hours,
The amount of electricity is about 100 grams, and the surface VC of the tubular cellopha/ is not slimy and weighs 1 ton.

Even when solid content was detected by evaporation to dryness, no central permeation μ of the acid solution was observed, and t0. The same sodium salt of carboxymethyl cellulose'
j/ When 1.0g was sealed and immersed in pure water at 9030℃ for 48 hours, 171t became approximately 100g,
The east face VC of the t0 cylindrical cellophane with a large capacity was not slimy, and even when CMC was detected by the evaporation to dryness method, it was not detected in the permeation column.

Cylindrical cellophane t'1llllD used in Examples 9 to 12
Since the water-soluble polymer # can be sealed only by tightening the tube, the process of adhering water-permeable cellophane can be completed.

In Examples 9 to 111 of the case t1, a. When immersed in water, only a small part of the case was exposed to the liquid surface, and it was observed that the expansion was rapid. This is because the air inside the bag easily escapes.
From this, when using water dehydration equipment, all of them? It turns out that it is preferable not to soak it. Of course, the bag must be sealed in such a way that air does not get into it at first.Example 13: Air gap made of ethylene (concave polyethylene film and flat polyethylene film are bonded together) By removing a flat (8) polyethylene film (generally used as a cushioning packaging material), a polyethylene film 1k 1I7 to which a concave portion shown as 1 in the attached figure Ifi is formed is obtained. It has 40011 recesses 1.

Powder 1 of the same polyacrylic powder used in Example 1
(1-1 A total of 20 grams was charged almost evenly into each recess 2. Then, a planar thermoplastic water permeable film shown as 3 in the attached drawing (Cellpore W-0, which is the same as shown in Example 5)
From 1; bush) + r turnip, 71. φ side 4 of both films
Q7ft7) Seal with a par type heat sealer.

Thus, a dewatering tool with a concave portion was obtained, the inner surface being a water-impermeable polyethylene film 1 and the surface being a water-permeable film 3. This dehydration tool has a concave part (when viewed from four sides, convex part > 21r) If you press it, the air will escape and flatten it, and when it absorbs water, it will swell up.

This dehydration membrane (approximately 2 Lcaw S! 1aa) k,
Water repellent film 3 under AT? Place it on top of the foamed letter/foam (height 5csa) that was included in Polyurethane 11, and on top of that, place a piece of board (approx. 251 x 2 Sm, +500
jl) tg set ft6 ureta/foofu no f! 6ti2
@AIcL, immersed in water to a height of m. After 10 hours at 20℃, the primary shape changed from its original flattened shape to a large swollen shape due to water absorption.
A dewatering method using such a J4ft for dewatering will be explained. 1 ″ Much of the mountain water seeps out when pressure is applied, but
There are many inconvenient types that leak easily during medium rcng or collapse when pressure is applied.

Examples of the former are foodstuffs such as raw meat, and examples of the latter are foodstuffs such as raw sea urchins and salmon roe, and fibrous materials such as furan pulp. In the case of such items, a dryer, sun, or air drying is used, but deformation due to excessive roots, deterioration due to heat, etc., and deterioration due to self-contained elements occur when the drying speed is slow. , Food products often lose their value when dried □Aqueous substances are special and flat;
Because it uses bovine permeable membrane as the diaphragm, it cannot be manufactured cheaply.

When using a viscous substance for immobilization, there is no industrial method for applying the viscous substance.

The first problem is that it is not possible to obtain a water-permeable film with a simple method of drying. 〇'#i Akira's dehydration tool solves these problems, and uses inexpensive and In addition to being able to use safe water-soluble molecules that have been approved as food additives, and using cello-77, which is commonly manufactured in food,
The feature is that it can be used as a diaphragm. Structure f
It is extremely simple, consisting of a 1tLvh water-soluble polymer and a diaphragm. Therefore, these diaphragms can be processed using conventional processing machines and tubes, and a new process is not necessarily required, and they can be manufactured at low cost. It is useful for large flowers. In addition, it is useful not only for catalytic dehydration of foods (VC), but also for removing water in organic solvents and concentrating aqueous solutions dissolved in M products. This is based on the fact that it has the selectivity of not absorbing both at the same concentration.

The following practical examples are other applications.

Example 14 Using -Xt for dehydration prepared in Example 13, dehydration of the fleshy part of raw squid was attempted. From a raw aquarium with a live weight of 345 grams, excluding the head and feet of the viscera.

After cutting it open, a 113g planar fleshy part was removed. Next, I used a pair of scissors to remove the water from the top and bottom of the cellophane, using a dehydration tool so that the water-permeable film part was in contact with the Safer/% 11. After passing through SEIFA 71f.

Transferred to for dehydration. To ensure sufficient contact, place two 251-square electric soogram plates from above.
. This pressure makes contact with light toxic (with 7 hours the VC changes as follows).

3 hours later 95 grams 6 hours later 85 duram 12 hours later 9 grams 24 hours later 74 grams In this way, after 6 hours, it already has the ability to remove 2s% of the total weight of water, which is so-called in an extremely short period of time. Active water (
Aw)'lr can be lowered. It is said that there is about 70% free water in raw squid, so the free water content after catalytic dehydration will reach 36%. If the active water content is reduced in a short period of time, the water content disappears before bacterial growth becomes active, thus providing a KV effect for preventing bacterial growth.

In this test, the object to be dehydrated with ordinary cellophane t1.

Mr. Katsuki uses scissors, pipes, and the dehydration tool of the present invention.
In this way, the amount of water removed from the dehydration tool after dehydration is greater than when the dehydration tool of the present invention is brought into direct contact with the dehydration tool. This is convenient for the food, and it also reduces the chance of consonants touching the food directly, which is also convenient from the perspective of the food's appearance.

Contact dehydration of this type has been attempted in the past, but it has used synthetic polymers that have no proven track record as food additives, and its composition has been complex, making it impossible to produce at a low cost. In the case of the dehydration tool of the invention, if the tool breaks and there is a risk that some of the contents may adhere to food, '@Stile, 18ii as a food additive! ! CMC and Algin 111 in town
It can be manufactured by using soda, sodium polyacrylate, etc., and since these materials are generally widely used and produced and are relatively inexpensive, it is possible to break into practical use.

Example 15 An attempt was made to remove suspended water in kerosene using a dehydration tool made of the same materials and method as in Example 9.
80 oe of water containing a small amount of surfactant in 11 J of kerosene
'y and stirred well in a beaker.

Some of the water became suspended, and some of the water became quite large droplets and accumulated on the bottom of the beaker. Insert the dehydration tool of the present invention,
When left at room temperature for 48 hours while stirring frequently,
The droplet frame on the bottom disappears, and most of the suspended fine water droplets disappear, reaching 7 tons.In the case of this test, it is necessary for moisture to adhere to the surface of the dehydration tool, but the absorbed moisture is removed by the dehydration tool rti*. I was able to easily remove it by just doing this. It is important to select ICi for removing moisture in organic solvents and a diaphragm that is resistant to solvents.

Example 16 Using a dehydration tool made with the same materials and methods as in Example 9, a concentrated 11t of a homogeneous mixed solution of Globile/Dalicol and water was tried. Gropyre/Daricol (1st grade reagent) Add 500 duram of pure water to SOO duram to make 50%
The warm mixed solution was put into a t-boxer at t%, added to the 14e4 main pipe for dehydration of the present invention, and left as it was at room temperature for 48 hours. After this, the mixed solution will accumulate? Calculated using the t1 method, it was found to be a 58% solution of propylene glycol. In addition, the total weight of the four dehydration tools was 193 grams. From this, the dehydration tool A of the present invention absorbs at least more water than propylene glycol, and therefore is effective at concentrating aqueous solutions. It can be seen that the dehydration tool i of the present invention can be used.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The attached figure [1iσ is a sectional view of the dehydration tool in Example 13. In the figure, 1 is an impermeable film, 2 is a concave part (Yag in air), 3 is a water permeable film, 4 is a frame heat sealed part, and 5 is a water-permeable film.
is a water-soluble polymer powder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A water-soluble polymer having a swelling pressure in water is sealed in a bag-like material that is at least partially constituted by a diaphragm that allows water to pass through but does not allow the penetrating water-soluble polymer to pass through. A dehydration tool that uses water as a balancer.