JPH11324178A - External wall panel and external wall structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To form an external wall panel structure allowing easy and efficient tiling, having high heat insulating and fire proofing performances. SOLUTION: An external wall panel constituting an external wall structure is provided with a heat insulating layer which is arranged between shaft parts 1 or outside the shaft parts 1 constituting a wall part of a structure, a moisture proof layer laminated inside the heat insulating layer, a fireproofing layer 3 laminated in the heat insulating layer, and tiles 5 bonded to the fireproofing layer. The heat insulating layer can be constituted of a polystyrene-based resin foam board and the fireproofing layer 3 is constituted of an inorganic porous plate (for example a hardened plate of a reinforcing fiber, fireproofing granule, and thermo-setting resin) inexplosive for heating by an microwave oven.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an outer wall panel which is improved in fire protection and workability and heat insulation, and is useful for construction (or heat insulation construction) on an exterior wall of a building such as a wooden house, and a use thereof. Exterior wall structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A tile is adhered to a wall (outer wall) of a building via a mortar. This work of sticking the tiles needs to be performed while keeping the tiles in order in the vertical and horizontal directions while maintaining smoothness, and requires skill. On the other hand, with the decrease in the number of tile craftsmen, a ceramic panel with ribs, an aluminum panel with ribs, and the like have been proposed as a relatively simple tiling method that does not require mortar coating. These panels are used as a tiled outer wall base material. After the panel is stuck to the outer wall base material, the tiles are engaged with the ribs and fixed with an adhesive.

Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. Sho 59-85841 discloses a joint in which grids for tile fitting are formed in a grid, a base plate adhered to the joint, and a heat insulation provided in the base plate. A tiling substrate material comprised of a material and a backing material is disclosed. In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 1-118538,
Base boards such as cement board, gypsum board, plywood,
An architectural panel composed of a finishing material such as a tile fixed in advance in a predetermined arrangement on the substrate is disclosed. Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 57-77337 discloses a panel formed of a cured glass fiber reinforced cement as a base material for tile construction. 59-113233
Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. H11-157, discloses a tile panel having a structure in which a plurality of tiles are attached to a tile attachment surface of a pressure-formed cement panel. However, such panels do not have sufficient fire resistance (or fire protection), and are flammable or have flame explosion. Therefore, the structure is destroyed by the explosion, and the spread of fire by the flame cannot be effectively prevented.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an outer wall panel having high heat shielding and fireproof properties and an outer wall structure using this panel. Another object of the present invention is to provide an outer wall panel having high heat insulation and airtightness, which is useful for forming an outer wall of a building (particularly a building such as a wooden house), and an outer wall structure using the panel. It is in.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, in a structure in which a heat insulating layer such as a polystyrene resin foam board, a fireproof layer and a tile are laminated, the fireproof It has been found that when a plate having no explosive property is used as the layer, it is possible to secure high heat-shielding properties and fire-proof properties, to suppress heat transfer from the tile to the foam layer, and to secure high heat-insulating properties, and thus completed the present invention. That is, the outer wall panel of the present invention is (1) an outer wall panel comprising a fire protection layer that can be provided as an outer wall (or an outer wall surface) of a building and a tile that can be joined to the fire protection layer. An outer wall panel in which the fire protection layer is formed of an inorganic plate that is non-explosive to microwave heating; (2)
An outer wall panel comprising a heat insulating layer that can be provided as an outer wall (or an outer wall surface) of a building and a fireproof layer that can be laminated on the heat insulating layer, wherein the fireproof layer is resistant to microwave heating. An outer wall panel made of a non-explosive inorganic plate, or (3) a heat insulating layer that can be provided as an outer wall (or an outer wall surface) of a building, a fire protection layer that can be laminated on the heat insulation layer, and the fire protection layer And a tile that can be joined to the outer wall panel, wherein the fire protection layer is formed of an inorganic plate that is non-explosive to microwave heating. The fire protection layer may be constituted by a cured plate of reinforcing fibers, refractory powder and thermosetting resin, and the fire protection layer may be constituted by a porous inorganic plate. Further, a moisture-proof layer for ensuring airtightness may be laminated on the heat-insulating layer. The outer wall structure (or the outer wall panel structure) of the present invention includes a heat insulating layer disposed between or outside the shaft portions constituting the wall portion of the building, and a fire protection layer laminated on the heat insulating layer. And a tile bonded to the fire protection layer, wherein the fire protection layer comprises a plate that is non-explosive to microwave heating.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as necessary. The outer wall panel or the structure of the present invention is applicable to both an inner heat insulating method for discontinuously insulating between shafts such as columns and studs, and an outer heat insulating method for continuously covering the entire outside of a house. Although it is possible, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is suitably applied to the outer heat insulation method among the heat insulation methods.

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an outer wall structure of a wooden building (a wooden building such as a wooden house) by an inner heat insulating method. An outer wall panel of this outer wall structure constitutes an outer wall of a wooden building and has a heat insulating layer (heat insulating material) 2 which can be disposed (or filled) between the shaft portions 1 such as columns or studs, and The fire protection layer 3 includes a fire protection layer 3 that can be laminated on the outdoor surface and a tile 5 that can be bonded to the fire protection layer. The heat insulating layer 2 and the fire protection layer 3 are integrally laminated or joined with an adhesive.

On the surface of the fire protection layer 3, tiles 5 are attached in the vertical and horizontal directions with an adhesive. Further, joints 6 are formed between the adjacent tiles 5 and 5, and the adjacent tiles 5 are connected and fixed vertically and horizontally. The shaft 1
An interior material (not shown) is attached to the inside of the room.

The fire protection layer 3 is made of an inorganic plate that is non-explosive against microwave heating.
In such a structure, even if the tile 5 is heated by a flame or the like, the fireproof layer 3 does not rupture or explode, and heat transfer from the tile 5 to the heat insulating layer 2 can be effectively prevented. Therefore, the heat insulation and the fire prevention can be enhanced while maintaining the high heat insulation by the heat insulation layer 2. For example, it has passed the fire prevention performance test specified by the Ministry of Construction, No. 487, issued on August 12, 1967, and can improve fire prevention and prevent fire spread.

In another aspect of the outer wall panel of the present invention,
The heat insulation layer is not always necessary, and may be constituted by a fire protection layer that can be provided as an outer wall (or an outer wall surface) of a building and a tile that can be joined to the fire protection layer. Even with the panel material having such a structure, the fire protection layer does not rupture or explode due to heating, and high heat shielding and fire protection can be ensured. In still another embodiment of the present invention, the tile is not necessarily required, and the outer wall panel includes a heat insulating layer that can be disposed as an outer wall (or an outer wall surface) of a building and a fire protection layer that can be laminated on the heat insulating layer. May be. In such a panel material, the heat-shielding property and the fire-protection property are enhanced by the fire-resistant layer, and the high heat-insulating property can be secured by the heat-insulating layer.

The outer wall panel of the present invention is suitably used for an outer heat insulation method. FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the outer wall structure of the present invention. The same elements or members as those in FIG. 1 will be described with the same reference numerals. This outer wall structure (heat insulating panel structure) is a heat insulating layer 1 that can be disposed outside the shaft portion 1.
2 and can be laminated on the indoor side surface of the heat insulating layer 12,
And a moisture-proof layer (or air-tight layer) 7 for improving air-tightness and moisture-proofness, a fire-resistant layer 3 that can be laminated on the outdoor side of the heat-insulating layer, and a tile 5 that can be bonded to the outside of the fire-resistant layer. It is composed of The moisture-proof layer 7, the heat-insulating layer 12, and the fire-proof layer 3 are integrally laminated using an adhesive.
The tiles 5 are bonded to the fire protection layer 3 in the vertical and horizontal directions.

In such a panel structure, similarly to the above, the heat insulating layer 12, the fireproof layer 3 can enhance the heat insulating property, the heat insulating property and the fireproof property, and the moistureproof layer 7 prevents moisture from entering the room. And effectively prevent moisture from forming.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing still another example of the present invention, and the heat insulating panel outer wall structure has a structure combining internal heat insulation and external heat insulation. That is, the outer wall structure includes a first heat insulating layer (heat insulating material) 2 which can be disposed (or filled) between the shaft portions (posts, studs, etc.) 1 constituting the outer wall of the wooden building, and A second heat insulating layer 12 that can be disposed outside, and a moisture-proof layer (or airtight layer) 7 that is interposed between the first heat insulating layer 2 and the second heat insulating layer and covers the outer surface of the shaft portion 1.
And a fire protection layer 3 that can be laminated on the outdoor surface of the heat insulation layer;
Outside the fire protection layer, a tile 5 that can be joined in the vertical and horizontal directions by an adhesive is provided. The moisture-proof layer 7,
The heat insulating layer 12 and the fireproof layer 3 may be integrally laminated using an adhesive, and the first heat insulating material may be integrally laminated on the moistureproof layer 7 with an adhesive.

In the outer wall panel having such a structure, higher heat insulation can be secured by the first heat insulating material 2 and the second heat insulating material 12 as compared with the outer wall panel having the structure shown in FIGS. Further, the first heat insulating material 2 and the second heat insulating material 1
Since the moisture-proof layer 7 is interposed between the two, it is possible to prevent the intrusion of moisture into the room and also to control the escape of moisture to the outside, thereby improving the moisture-proof property while effectively preventing the formation of dew condensation. Can be.

The non-explosive property of the inorganic plate constituting the fire protection layer is determined by a microwave oven (frequency: 2450 MHz,
When heated at 1 kW) (for example, when heated for about 1 to 5 minutes), it can be determined by whether or not it explodes. For example, a conventional flexible board or fiber-reinforced cement calcium silicate board causes explosion by heating in a microwave oven for about 10 to 30 seconds, whereas the inorganic plate constituting the fire protection layer is 1 to 3 in a microwave oven. Does not explode even after heating for about 5 minutes.

[0016] Such an inorganic board can be constituted by a cured plate of reinforcing fibers, refractory powder and thermosetting resin, and usually can be constituted by a porous inorganic plate. Examples of the reinforcing fibers include inorganic fibers such as rock wool, glass fibers, and carbon fibers, organic fibers such as whiskers, nylon fibers (or aramid fibers), polyester fibers (such as aromatic polyester fibers), and vinylon fibers. it can. These fibers can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Usually, of these fibers
Inorganic fibers such as glass fibers are used.

Examples of the refractory powder include pumice, fly ash, shirasu balloon, hollow glass powder, kaolin, silica sand, bentonite, gypsum, cement, silica, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, volcanic debris, lava, blast furnace Examples include slag and coal hulls. These powders can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Preferred granules include pumice, lapilli, fly ash and the like.

As the thermosetting resin, for example, amino resin (urea resin, melamine resin, etc.), phenol resin (novolak type phenol resin, etc.), epoxy resin,
Examples thereof include vinyl ester resins, unsaturated polyesters, and thermosetting acrylic resins. These thermosetting resins may be used in combination of two or more. Preferred thermosetting resins include phenolic resins and the like. The thermosetting resin can be used as a solution or a granular material.

The amount of each of the above components can be selected within a range that does not impair the fire resistance. For example, 1 to 50 parts by weight (preferably 2 to 3 parts by weight) of the reinforcing fiber is added to 100 parts by weight of the refractory powder.
It is about 0 parts by weight, more preferably 3 to 10 parts by weight, and about 5 to 50 parts by weight (preferably 5 to 30 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 20 parts by weight).

The inorganic plate can be obtained by mixing the reinforcing fiber, the refractory powder and the thermosetting resin, and heat-compressing the mixture into a plate to cure the thermosetting resin. The heat compression molding and curing conditions are as follows: hot pressing time 5 to 25 seconds, temperature 140 to 180 ° C, pressure 15
It can be appropriately selected from the range of about 35 kg / cm ² in consideration of the thickness.

The inorganic plate may be laminated (or multilayer)
Or it may be a composite structure. For example, in an inorganic plate having a three-layer structure, the front and back surface layers may be made of a reinforcing fiber, a refractory powder and a thermosetting resin, and the intermediate layer may be made of a refractory powder and a thermosetting resin. Good. In each of the surface layers, the ratio of each component is, for example, the refractory powder 1
With respect to 00 parts by weight, about 1 to 25 parts by weight (preferably 2 to 15 parts by weight, more preferably 2 to 10 parts by weight) of the reinforcing fiber, and 3 to 50 parts by weight (preferably 5 to 5 parts by weight) of the thermosetting resin.
To 40 parts by weight, more preferably 10 to 30 parts by weight). The intermediate layer has a reinforcing fiber content of about 0 to 10 parts by weight (preferably 0 to 5 parts by weight) and a thermosetting resin of 3 to 50 parts by weight (preferably 5 parts by weight) based on 100 parts by weight of the refractory powder.
To 30 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 20 parts by weight).

The inorganic plate has a water absorption of 10% by weight or less when immersed in water at a temperature of 25 ° C. for 24 hours, and has a specific gravity of 0.7 to 1.5 g / cm ³ (preferably 0.9%).
１．２1.2 g / cm ³ ). Further, the inorganic plate usually has a porosity of 30 to 70% (preferably 40 to 70%).
60%, more preferably 40 to 55%).

The fire protection layer is not limited to a single fire protection layer, but may be a plurality of fire protection layers. The thickness of the fire protection layer is in a range where heat transfer from the tile material can be effectively prevented without impairing lightness, for example, 3 mm or more (for example, 3 to 40 mm), preferably 5 mm or more (for example, 5 to 30 mm), and Preferably about 5 to 20 mm (for example, 6 to 15 mm),
It may be about 7 to 13 mm.

The heat insulating layer may be made of a fibrous heat insulating material (such as glass fiber), but may be made of a foam, for example, a foamed polypropylene, a foamed polyurethane resin (particularly a hard polyurethane resin), or a foamed polyisocyanurate. Resin, expanded styrene resin (expanded polystyrene, etc.), expanded phenolic resin (expanded phenolic resin, urethane expanded phenolic resin, etc.), expanded resin board containing reinforcing agent [expanded resin containing granular reinforcing agent (expanded polystyrene containing calcium carbonate) It is advantageous to use a foamed resin containing a calcium carbonate such as a resin), a foamed resin containing a fibrous reinforcing agent (a foamed resin containing a glass fiber such as a polyisocyanurate-based foamed board containing a glass fiber)], or the like. A preferred heat insulating layer is a rigid foam board excellent in heat insulation, for example, a styrene resin foam board, a rigid polyurethane foam board, a polyisocyanurate foam board, a phenol resin foam board, a urethane-modified phenol resin foam board, or the like. Can be configured. In particular, a polystyrene resin foam board is preferable.

The foam constituting the heat-insulating layer may be either a closed-cell foam or an open-cell foam, but the closed-cell foam is advantageous in terms of mechanical strength and heat-insulating properties.
The foam may be a laminate of the foam. Also,
The foam may be a foam obtained by extrusion foaming or bead foaming. However, in terms of mechanical strength and moisture resistance (such as moisture resistance on the indoor side), an extruded foam (extruded polystyrene foam) is used. Etc.) are advantageous.

The density of the heat insulating layer can be selected within a range where the weight can be reduced without impairing the mechanical strength and the like.
00 kg / m ³ , preferably about 20 to 100 kg / m ³ . When the heat insulating layer is made of a foam, the expansion ratio and the cell diameter of the foam are not particularly limited, and are, for example, about 2 to 50 times (preferably 5 to 30 times).
The thickness of the heat-insulating layer can be selected according to the desired heat-insulating properties, for example, 20 to 120 mm (for example, 20 to 110 mm).
mm), preferably in the range of about 20 to 100 mm, and usually 20 to 70 mm, especially 20 to 50 mm.
mm.

The end faces of the adjacent heat insulating layers of the heat insulating layers may be smooth surfaces which can abut each other.
It is advantageous to form a fitting part (real joint structure, joint structure, etc.) to improve not only the assembling connection efficiency and construction efficiency of adjacent panel materials, but also airtightness. In particular, when a small-sized panel material is used, it is preferable to employ such a fitting structure because the number of connection portions is increased and airtightness is likely to be reduced. The structure of the fitting portion is not particularly limited as long as airtightness can be maintained, but is subjected to actual processing or consensus processing,
In many cases, it is composed of an uneven portion or a notch (a notch step or the like). In the case where the end faces of the heat insulating layer are butt-fitted or fitted to each other, a sealing material such as an airtight tape (such as an adhesive airtight tape) is attached to the surface of the connection portion of the adjacent heat insulating layer. The airtightness may be improved.

It is preferable that the heat insulation layer and the fire protection layer are laminated and integrated. Lamination of the heat insulation layer and the fire protection layer is performed using an adhesive (double-sided adhesive tape, rubber-based adhesive, epoxy-based adhesive,
Urethane-based adhesive).

The moisture-proof layer (moisture-proof sheet) can be interposed at an appropriate place such as between the layers constituting the panel material, the front and back surfaces, and may be provided on at least one surface of the heat-insulating layer or the fire-resistant layer.
Usually, it is often attached to the indoor side surface of the heat insulating layer to prevent moisture from entering the room.

Examples of the moisture-proof sheet include various materials having moisture-proof properties and air-tightness, such as moisture-proof paper, moisture-proof cloth, olefin-based resin films or sheets (polyethylene film, polypropylene film, etc.), polyester-based resin films or sheets ( Polyethylene terephthalate film), metal foils and sheets (such as aluminum foil), composite films and sheets (such as aluminum-deposited polyethylene film and aluminum-deposited polypropylene film), and the like. The moisture-permeation resistance of the moisture-proof sheet is usually 50 m ² · hr · mmHg / g or more.
The thickness of the moisture-proof sheet is not particularly limited, for example, 0.0
It is about 1 to 0.5 mm, preferably about 0.05 to 0.3 mm, and more preferably about 0.10 to 0.20 mm.

In order to improve the airtightness and the moisture-proof property, at least one side edge of the moisture-proof sheet (particularly, at least two sides adjacent to or opposite to each other) has an ear that can overlap with the adjacent sheet. Advantageously, a part is formed. In this case, the airtightness can be ensured by using the ears by constructing the ears of the moisture-proof sheet extending laterally from the heat-insulating layer or the fireproof layer while overlapping the side edges of the adjacent moisture-proof sheet. In addition, the width | variety of the overlapping part corresponding to an ear part among the adjacent moisture-proof sheets may be 2-50 cm, for example, Preferably it is about 2-20 cm. Further, an adhesive layer may be formed on the ear portion so as to adhere to a side edge portion of the adjacent moisture-proof sheet material to enhance airtightness.

When a moisture-proof sheet is laminated on the heat-insulating layer or the fire-resistant layer, a double-sided adhesive tape or various adhesives, for example, an acrylic adhesive, a vinyl acetate adhesive, an ethylene / vinyl acetate adhesive, a rubber adhesive Alternatively, an adhesive, an epoxy-based adhesive, a urethane-based adhesive, a silicone-based adhesive, or the like can be used.

As the tile, a conventional tile (for example,
7mm x 45mm x 95mm thick, 7mm x 45m thick
porcelain tiles, porcelain tiles, etc. of a size such as mx 145 mm), marble (for example, 10 mm x 30 cm thick)
A marble tile having a size of × 30 cm or the like, a brick (such as a building brick) or the like can be used, and a unit tile, a mosaic tile, or the like may be used. The tile material is
When jointing is to be performed, joint-filled tiles can be used, and when jointing is not to be performed, brick-type tiles can be used.

The tiles may be fixed to the fire protection layer after the outer wall panel is installed, but the panel material may be constituted by attaching the tiles to the fire protection layer at least partially in advance. The mounting area of the tile material may be in a range that does not cause excessive weight. For example, it can be selected from a range of at least 10% or more (for example, 10 to 80%), preferably about 10 to 75% of the area of the outer wall panel. . In addition, it is preferable that the position where the tile is stuck to the fire protection layer is a region where a shaft portion corresponding to a pillar or a stud is left in order to secure a fixing portion of the panel by nailing or the like.

As the adhesive for bonding the tile material, various solution type, emulsion type or solventless type adhesives, for example, acrylic adhesive, vinyl acetate adhesive,
Ethylene / vinyl acetate adhesives, rubber adhesives or adhesives, epoxy adhesives, urethane adhesives, silicone adhesives, etc. can be used, and modified silicone epoxy adhesives can respond to deformation and have high moisture resistance It is preferred. In the outer wall panel and the outer wall structure, the tile may be fixed to the flat surface of the fire protection layer using an adhesive or the like. The tile may be joined to the fireproof layer using an adhesive if necessary in a state where the groove is engaged or fitted with the concave portion or the leg portion (or the convex portion) on the back surface of the tile. When such a fireproof layer is used, tiles can be simply and efficiently constructed in the vertical and horizontal directions using the ribs and grooves as marks or indices.

The size of the outer wall panel material is not particularly limited, but the basic size is a width of 455 to 1000 mm,
Length 910-3000 mm (preferably 1000-30
00 mm, especially 1500 to 3000 mm).

The weight of the entire outer wall panel material may be within a range that does not impair the workability, for example, 4 to 50 kg /
m ² (for example, 4 to 40 kg / m ² ), preferably 5 to
35 kg / m ² (e.g., 6~25kg / m ²⁾ suitably be selected from the range of about.

Note that the panel usually has a shaft portion (post, stud).
It is constructed by measuring with the shaft core. Therefore, in the external heat insulation method, the end surface of the heat insulating material is exposed at the corner, and the heat insulation, fire protection and heat insulation are likely to be reduced. In such a case, it is preferable to dispose a panel member (corner material) suitable for the corner portion in the construction corner portion. FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of the outer wall structure in the corner portion.

The corner material provided on the shaft portion (post, etc.) 21 of the corner portion is composed of an outer wall panel having the structure shown in FIG. 2 (that is, a moisture-proof sheet 7, a heat-insulating layer 12, a fire-resistant layer 3, and a tile 5). Panel material), and the shaft 2
A heat-insulating layer 22 that can be disposed outside the corner portion 1; a moisture-proof layer (or air-tight layer) 27 that can be laminated on the indoor side surface of the heat-insulating layer; Fireproof layer 23 that can be laminated on a surface and is bent or curved
And a tile 25 that can be attached to the outside of the fire protection layer and that is bent or curved. The moisture-proof layer 27, the heat-insulating layer 22, and the fire-proof layer 23 are integrally laminated using an adhesive, and a tile 25 is bonded to the fire-proof layer 23.

When the corner material having such a structure (corner member of the outer wall panel) is used, even if the outer heat insulation method is used,
It is possible to prevent the end face of the heat insulating material from being exposed, and it is possible to impart high heat insulation, fire protection and heat insulation to the corners.

The corner material of the outer wall panel may have various structures as long as the heat insulating layer is covered with the fire protection layer and is not exposed. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the corner material is provided on the adjacent corner side. The outer wall panels are made of heat insulating layers 32a and 32.
b, fire protection layers 33a, 33b and tiles 35a, 35b
And a pair of outer wall panel members having inclined end surfaces that can be joined or surface-contacted with each other, that is, a structure in which the end surfaces are cut obliquely so as to be able to contact each other.
Further, in the outer wall panel material as a corner material, as shown in FIG. 6, a fire protection layer 43a extends from a heat insulating layer 42a provided on one of adjacent corner sides, and is provided on the other corner side. Heat insulation layer 42b and fire protection layer 4
The end face of 3b may be in contact with (particularly joint or surface contact) the inner face of the extended fire protection layer 43a. Tiles 45a and 45b are attached to the outer surfaces of the one fire protection layer 43a and the other fire protection layer 43b, respectively, and a bent or curved tile 45c is attached to a corner portion. In addition, an intermediate member such as plywood may be interposed between the inner surface of the outer wall panel including the corner member and the shaft portion.

The outer wall panel material of the present invention can be formed by a conventional method, for example, by applying the panel material to the wall space (shafts such as columns and studs, eaves girder,
The outer wall panel can be constructed by arranging it outside the wall space formed by the body difference, base, etc., fixing it to the construction shaft with a nail, an adhesive, etc., and applying the tile material to the fire protection layer if necessary.

In the case of a wooden house frame, the panel material is usually formed on the outer surface (wall space) of a pair of left and right columns, eaves girder, body difference, or a pair of upper and lower horizontal members on the base. ). It is preferable to fix the panel material to the frame (shaft) with nails to improve workability and fixing stability.
When fixing the panel material with a nail, a washer (for example, diameter 15
Fixing a nail through the center of a circular washer of ５０50 mm is effective in improving fixing stability. The driving depth of the nail into the pillar can be appropriately selected, for example, 20 to 60 m.
m, preferably about 30 to 40 mm.

The tiles can be constructed by bonding and fixing the tiles to the fire protection layer and filling joints between the tiles with mortar. To glue the tiles,
It can be performed by applying to at least one of the fire protection layer corresponding to the tile material arrangement site and the tile back surface and bonding and fixing the fire protection layer and the tile with an adhesive. With such adhesive fixing, the tiles can be connected and fixed in the vertical and horizontal directions.

The type of mortar at the joint is not particularly limited, and a commercially available joint mortar can be used. The filling amount of the mortar into the joint is 50 times the thickness (height) of the tile material.
% Or more and about (tile height-1 mm), preferably about 75% or more of the tile height to (tile height-1 mm). By filling the joints with mortar, the tile materials can be connected and fixed to each other, and the integrity can be improved.

A plurality of panel members are usually provided adjacent to the outside of the wall surface of a building such as a wooden house. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to various types of buildings, especially houses (for example, steel framed houses (ie, steel houses), wooden houses, etc.), and the houses are RC house, RM (reinforced concrete masonry) house. The method can be suitably applied to a detached wooden house such as a wooden frame construction method or a frame construction method. Since the structure and the outer wall panel material of the present invention are highly airtight,
It is also effective in blocking outdoor noise and indoor noise. Also,
Since the outer wall of a building (particularly a wooden house) can be composed of tiles, it is excellent in appearance, and the high durability of the tile itself causes very little change in the appearance of the building over time.

[0047]

According to the present invention, since a specific fire protection layer is provided, an outer wall insulation panel having high heat insulation and fire protection can be formed. Further, in a building (particularly a building such as a wooden house), an outer wall having high heat insulation and airtightness can be formed.

[0048]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples. Example 1 Wood (30 mm wide x 105 mm thick) was put in the central space of a square wooden frame (a wooden frame made of wood having a width of 50 mm and a thickness of 105 mm and an outer dimension of 55 mm), and nails were inserted from outside the wooden frame. Fixed. A polyethylene film (0.15 mm thick) was placed on one surface of the wooden frame and fixed with a gun cutter. Extruded expanded polystyrene board (thickness 5
0 mm), and an inorganic plate (7 m thick) formed of glass fiber, lapilli sand ash, and phenol resin.
and m) were laminated with an epoxy resin-based adhesive to produce a tile base panel (outer wall panel material). The polyethylene film and the expanded polystyrene board are brought into contact with each other, the wooden frame and the tile base panel are overlapped, and screw nails (length 90 mm) are placed at the four corners of the wooden frame and the center of each side from the inorganic plate side.
And fixed. After the modified silicone epoxy resin adhesive was applied almost uniformly to the inorganic plate surface so as to have an application amount of 1000 g / m ² , a unit tile was stretched on the application surface. After the adhesive was cured, the paper on the surface of the unit tile was wetted with water and peeled off, and jointing was performed to prepare a sample.

Example 2 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an inorganic plate (thickness: 10 mm) formed of glass fiber, lapilli sand ash, and phenol resin was used instead of the inorganic plate of Example 1. Was prepared.

Comparative Example 1 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a flexible board (8 mm thick) was used instead of the inorganic plate of Example 1.

Comparative Example 2 A fiber-mixed cement calcium silicate board (8 mm thick) was used instead of the inorganic plate of Example 1.
A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 3 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 without attaching a polyethylene film.

Comparative Example 3 A sample was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 without attaching a polyethylene film.

The tile surface of each sample was subjected to a heating test (a heating test based on a notification from the Ministry of Construction, published in 1976, based on 487 of a living finger) at a heating time of 30 minutes and a maximum temperature of 550 ° C.
The evaluation items of the heating test are as follows. If any of the items is applicable, it is said that when applied to the outer wall, there is a risk that fire will enter the house when the fire spreads and the interior of the house will become a fire. a: Tile falling during heating b: Generation of through holes due to explosion of tile base panel, etc. c: Combustion The results are shown in Table 1.

[0055]

[Table 1] Example 4-5 and Comparative Example 4-5 The following plate or board was dried at 105 ° C. for 2 days, cut into 45 mm × 95 mm, immersed in water for 2 hours, taken out and wiped off the surface water, It was left at room temperature for 6 hours. Example 4: Inorganic plate (thickness 7 mm) formed of glass fiber, lapilli sand ash, and phenol resin Example 5: Inorganic plate (thickness) formed of glass fiber, lapilli sand ash, and phenol resin 10m
m) Comparative Example 4: Flexible board (8 mm in thickness) Comparative Example 5: Fiber-mixed cement calcium silicate board (8 mm in thickness) On one surface of the plate or board obtained by the above treatment, 300 g / epoxy resin adhesive was applied. m ² and extruded foam polystyrene board (50 m thick)
m), a modified silicone epoxy resin adhesive is applied to the other surface almost uniformly so as to have an application amount of 1000 g / m ^2, and then a tile is attached to the application surface and the adhesive is cured. A sample was prepared.

Then, the above sample was placed in a commercially available microwave oven (1
(kw, 2450 MHz) and heated to determine the explosiveness. The following results were obtained. Example 4: No explosion Example 5: No explosion Comparative Example 4: Explosion 15 seconds after heating Comparative Example 5: Explosion 30 seconds after heating

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of an outer wall structure of the present invention using an inner heat insulation method.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of an outer wall structure of the present invention using an outer heat insulation method.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the outer wall structure of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing an example of an outer wall structure in a corner portion.

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of the outer wall structure at the corner portion.

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view showing another example of an outer wall structure at a corner portion.

[Explanation of symbols]

1,21 ... Shaft part 2,12,22,32a, 32b, 42a, 42b ... Heat insulation layer 3,23,33a, 33b, 43a, 43b ... Fire prevention layer 5,25,35a, 35b, 45a, 45b, 45c ...
Tiles 6 ... joints 7, 27 ... moisture-proof layer

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. An outer wall panel comprising a fire protection layer that can be disposed as an outer wall of a building and a tile that can be joined to the fire protection layer, wherein the fire protection layer is not exposed to microwave heating. Exterior wall panels made of explosive inorganic plates. 2. An outer wall panel comprising a heat insulating layer that can be disposed as an outer wall of a building and a fire protection layer that can be laminated on the heat insulation layer, wherein the fire protection layer is resistant to microwave heating. Exterior wall panels made of non-explosive inorganic plates. 3. An outer wall panel comprising a heat insulating layer that can be disposed as an outer wall of a building, a fire protection layer that can be laminated on the heat insulation layer, and a tile that can be joined to the fire protection layer. Exterior wall panels in which the fire protection layer is composed of an inorganic plate that is non-explosive to microwave heating. 4. The fire protection layer according to claim 1, wherein the fire protection layer is constituted by a hardened plate of a reinforcing fiber, a refractory powder and a thermosetting resin.
4. The outer wall panel according to any one of to 3. 5. The outer wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the fire protection layer is formed of a porous inorganic plate. 6. The fire prevention layer is formed of a porous inorganic plate having a water absorption of 10% by weight or less, a specific gravity of 0.9 to 1.2 g / cm ³ and a porosity of 30 to 70%.
The outer wall panel according to any one of the above items. 7. The outer wall panel according to claim 2, wherein a moisture-proof layer is laminated on the heat-insulating layer. 8. A heat insulating layer disposed between or outside shaft portions constituting a wall portion of a building, a fire protection layer laminated on the heat insulation layer, and joined to the fire protection layer. And an outer wall structure, wherein the fire protection layer is made of a plate that is non-explosive to microwave heating.