JPH11315691A - Shield device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent formation of a large block caused by earth and sand by rotating a plurality of rotors adjacent to each other forward and rearward around axces thereof, respectively, and turning them around an axis of a shield body. SOLUTION: A plurality of rotors 18, 20 forming conical or truncated cone- shaped outer surface in cooperation with each other in the forward of a cylindrical shield body 14 are arranged adjacently in the front and rear directions. These rotors 18, 20 have eccentric rotational axes 50, 52, respectively. A drive mechanism 22 is driven, and through first and second gear mechanisms 62, 64, the rotors 18, 20 are rotated around the axes 50, 52, respectively, and also the rotors 18, 20 are turned around the axis 12 of the shield body 14. Accordingly, each of the rotors 18, 20 slides on the ground on the circumference thereof, thereby removing the earth and sand stuck to the outer circumferential surface for preventing the growth into a large block.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shield device used for constructing a horizontal hole, a vertical hole, a tunnel or the like in the ground.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As one of shield devices for constructing a tunnel or the like without excavating the ground by consolidating the ground, a cylindrical shield main body and a rotatable support of the shield main body around an axis thereof are provided. A crankshaft having an eccentric portion in front of the shield body, one or more rotors rotatably supported by the eccentric portion of the crankshaft to form a substantially conical or frustoconical outer surface, and a crankshaft. And a drive mechanism for rotating the main body about an axis thereof (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 7-68864 and 8-1).
58794, JP-A-8-15895).

[0003] This conventional shield device is advanced by a main pushing mechanism or the like while the crankshaft is rotated. The rotor makes a revolving motion (revolving motion) around the rotation axis of the crankshaft with the rotation of the crankshaft. At this time, the rotor rotates while the outer peripheral surface is in contact with the ground, so that the eccentric portion of the crankshaft is formed. Make a rotational movement (rotational movement) around the axis. Thereby, the conventional shield device is advanced while compacting the ground on the outer surface of the rotor, and forms a hole such as a tunnel in the ground.

[0004] However, in the conventional shield device in which the ground is compacted by the rotor, the earth and sand adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor as the rotor rotates and turns, and a large block is formed by the rotor and the earth and sand adhered to the rotor. As a result, a large thrust must be applied to the device. In particular, when the ground has a solidifying property like a sandy layer, the solidifying earth and sand adheres to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and a large block is formed in front of the shield body in a short time. Of the vehicle or the device cannot be advanced.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a plurality of long members are provided around the rotor at intervals from each other and connected to the shield body, and the earth and sand adhered to the rotor by the long members. There has been proposed an improved shield device for scraping and removing. (JP-A-9-23
5989, JP-A-9-235990).

However, in the improved shield device, the earth and sand can be removed from the rotor, but the removed earth and sand moves along with the rotation of the rotor and adheres to the long member to grow into a large block. As a result, the forward direction of the excavator may change or control of the forward direction may become impossible.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to prevent large blocks from being formed by earth and sand.

[0008]

A shield device according to the present invention comprises a cylindrical shield main body and a plurality of rotors disposed in front and rear of the shield main body and adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction. A plurality of rotors whose outer surfaces are formed jointly with each other, adjacent rotors have rotation axes different from each other with respect to the axis of the shield body, and driving means for causing the rotors to perform a swiveling motion about the axis of the shield body. First engagement means for engaging the shield main body with the rearmost rotor so as to cause the rearmost rotor to rotate around the rotation axis with the turning movement by the driving means; and a rear rotor. Second engagement means for engaging adjacent rotors with each other so as to cause the front rotor to rotate around the rotation axis with the turning movement or the rotation movement of the rotor.

The shield device is advanced by a main pushing device or the like while the rotor is turned around the axis of the shield main body by the driving means. In the shield device, since the rotation axis of each rotor is eccentric or has an angle with respect to the axis of the main body, the rotor moves its outer peripheral surface to the ground during a turning motion (orbital motion) around the axis of the shield main body. Turns while making contact with. As a result, the shield device
The ground is advanced while being compacted on the outer surface of the rotor, and a hole such as a tunnel is formed in the ground.

[0010] Also, during the turning movement of the rotor, each rotor is forcibly rotated (rotated) around the rotation axis by the corresponding engagement means, so that slippage occurs with respect to the surrounding ground. As a result, the earth and sand adhering to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor
It is removed from the rotor by the surrounding ground and adheres to the surrounding ground. As a result, there is no possibility that the earth and sand attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor will grow into a large block.

As described above, according to the present invention, the rotor slides with respect to the surrounding ground during the turning movement thereof, so that the earth and sand attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor may grow into a large block. Absent. In addition, since the rotation direction and the rotation phase of the adjacent rotors are reversed, the rotational reaction forces caused by the rotational movement of the rotors are mutually reduced, and the reaction force acting on the shield body is reduced.

The first engaging means includes a first external gear disposed on one of the shield main body and the rotor, and a first internal gear disposed on the other of the shield main body and the rotor. And a first internal gear that meshes with the external gear of the first external gear, wherein the second engaging means includes a second external gear disposed on one of the two adjacent rotors, The second gear mechanism may include a second internal gear arranged on the other of the two matching rotors, the second internal gear meshing with the second external gear.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring to FIGS.
0 is a cylindrical shield body 14 having an axis 12;
A shaft 16 rotatably supported by the shield body 14 about the axis 12, and a plurality of rotors 18 disposed adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction in a region in front of the shield body 14 and rotatably supported by the shaft 16; 20 and a drive mechanism 22 for rotating the shaft 16 about the axis 12. The shield device 10 includes two rotors 18 and 20 spaced in the direction of the axis 12 in the illustrated example.

The shield body 14 has a rear end portion of the cylindrical first tubular portion 24 and a front end portion of the cylindrical second tubular portion 26 flexibly fitted to each other. 1 cylindrical portion 24
And a cylindrical mounting portion 30 is provided on the annular portion 28 in a state where the cylindrical mounting portion 30 extends coaxially in the first cylindrical portion 24.

In the illustrated example, the first and second tubular portions 24 and 26 are connected by a plurality of hydraulic or pneumatic jacks 32 spaced around the axis 12. However, the first and second cylindrical portions 24 and 26 are
The above jack and one connecting rod may be connected.

The mounting portion 30 cooperates with the annular portion 28 to partition the inside of the shield main body 14 from a region in front of the main body. Although the first cylindrical portion 24, the annular portion 28, and the attachment portion 30 are shown as being integrally formed in the illustrated example,
In practice, it is formed as a separate member and is immovably and separably connected by a plurality of screw members spaced around the axis 12.

Each jack 32 includes brackets 34 and 3
6 are connected to the second tubular portion 26 and the mounting portion 30, respectively, so that the first and second tubular portions 24,
26 are interconnected. The orientation of the first tubular portion 24 with respect to the second tubular portion 26 is modified by extending or contracting at least one jack 32 by a predetermined amount. Thereby, the forward direction of the shield device 10 is corrected.

The shaft 16 includes a main shaft portion 38 and a main shaft portion 3.
8 is a crankshaft having support portions 40 and 42 following the front end of the crankshaft. The shaft 16 has an attachment portion 30 at the main shaft portion 38 such that the support portions 40 and 42 project forward from the annular portion 28 and the axis of the main shaft portion 38 coincides with the axis 12.
Are supported via a plurality of bearings 44. Main shaft 38
At the rear end, a screw member 46 is screwed.

As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the axis 50 of the support 40 is eccentric to the axis 12 by one e1 in the diameter direction of the shield body 14, and the axis 52 of the support 42 Is the shield body 14 with respect to the axis 50.
Is eccentric to the other in the diametrical direction by e2. The eccentric amount e2 is larger than the eccentric amount e1. To this end, the rotors 18 and 20 are eccentric in opposite directions with respect to the axis 12. In the illustrated example, the eccentricity e2 is equal to the eccentricity e.
It is twice of 1.

The rotor 18 has a frusto-conical outer surface rotatably supported on the support 40 about an axis 50 by a plurality of bearings 54 and has a central cavity for receiving the support 40. On the other hand, the rotor 20
Having a conical outer surface supported by the support 42 rotatably about the axis 52 by a plurality of bearings 56;
The center portion has a cavity for receiving the support portion 42.

The cavities of the rotors 18 and 20 are respectively
It has the same axis as axes 50 and 52. Rotor 18,2
0 jointly forms a generally conical outer surface with a larger diameter dimension toward the rear.

The diameter of the rear end of the rotor 18 is such that the diameter of the hole formed by the rotor 18 is
Is selected to be approximately the same as or slightly larger than the diameter dimension of. The diameter of the rear end of the rotor 20 is selected so that the diameter of the hole formed by the rotor 20 is substantially the same as or slightly larger than the diameter of the hole formed by the front end of the rotor 18. However, the maximum diameter of the rotor 18 may be equal to or larger than the outer diameter of the shield body 14.

The drive mechanism 22 is a known device having a rotation source such as a motor and a speed reducer connected to the rotation source. The axis of the output shaft 58 of the speed reducer coincides with the axis 12. As shown in FIG.
Attached to the rear end. The drive mechanism 22 is coupled to the main shaft portion 38 of the shaft 16 by a key 60 at the output shaft 58 of the speed reducer, and functions together with the shaft 16 as drive means for supporting and driving the rotors 18 and 20.

The shield body 14 and the rotor 18 adjacent thereto
Are connected by a first gear mechanism 62, and the adjacent rotors 18 and 20 are connected by a second gear mechanism 64. The first gear mechanism 62 includes an internal gear 66 provided on the annular portion 28 side and an external gear 68 provided on the rotor 18 side. The second gear mechanism 64 includes an internal gear 70 provided on the rotor 20 side, and an external gear 72 provided on the rotor 18 side.

The external shape of the internal gear 66 and the pitch circle D 1 are as follows:
It is smaller than the inner diameter of the external gear 68 and the pitch circle d1. The axis of the internal gear 66 coincides with the axis 12. On the other hand, in the external gear 68, the external gear 68 is eccentric with respect to the internal gear 66 by the same distance as the amount of eccentricity e1 of the axis 50 with respect to the axis 12, and both gears 66, 68 have one of the diametrical directions. The parts are arranged so as to mesh with each other.

When the gears 66 and 68 are eccentric as described above, the portion where the gears 66 and 68 mesh with each other moves around the axis 12 as the shaft 16 rotates. As a result, the rotor 18 makes a revolving motion (orbit) about the axis 12 and a revolving motion (spinning) about the axis 50. Therefore, the first gear mechanism 62 is
8, the rotation axis 5 of the rotor 18
Shield body 14 to produce a rotational movement about zero
And the rotor 18 as an engagement means.

Similarly, the outer diameter and pitch circle D 2 of the internal gear 70 are smaller than the inner diameter and pitch circle d 2 of the external gear 72. The axis of the internal gear 70 coincides with the axis 52.
On the other hand, the external gear 72 is eccentric in the direction opposite to the eccentric direction of the external gear 68 by the same distance as the eccentric amount e2 of the axis 52 with respect to the axis 12 with respect to the external gear 72. The gears 70 and 72 are arranged so as to mesh with each other at one portion in the diameter direction. In other words, the axis of the external gear 72 coincides with the axis 50.

As a result, the portion where the two gears 70 and 72 mesh with each other moves around the axis 12 with the rotation of the shaft 16. As a result, the rotor 20 makes a revolving motion (orbit) about the axis 12 and a revolving motion (rotation) about the axis 52. Therefore, the second gear mechanism 6
4 acts as an engagement means for engaging the shield main body 14 and the rotor 20 so as to cause the rotor 20 to rotate around its rotation axis 52 with the turning movement of the rotor 20.

In the illustrated example, the difference (D1-d1) between the pitch circles of the two gears 66 and 68 is small, and the rotor 18 is connected to the axis 50.
Revolves around the axis 12 several tens of times during one revolution. Similarly, the difference between the pitch circles of the two gears 70 and 72 (D2
-D2) is small, and the rotor 20 revolves around the axis 12 several tens of times while rotating once around the axis 52.

The rotational speed of the shaft 16 is set to N0, the gear 66,
The diameters of the pitch circles 68, 70 and 72 are D1,
Assuming d1, D2 and d2, the rotation speeds Nc1 and Nc2 of the rotors 18 and 20 are given by the equations (1) and (2), respectively.
Can be obtained from

Nc1 = {(D1−d1) / D1} · N0 (1)

Nc2 = Nc1 − {(D2−d2) / D2} · N0 (2)

As a result, the rotors 18 and 20 make a reciprocating movement in the radial direction with respect to the shield main body 14 with the rotation of the shaft 16. However, this reciprocation is phase shifted by 180 degrees at rotors 18 and 20. That is, the rotors 18 and 20 rotate and revolve while moving in the opposite direction with respect to the axis 12.

Bearings 44, 54, 56 and first and second bearings
The space in which the gear mechanisms 62 and 64 are arranged is filled with lubricating oil. To protect this lubricating oil from earth and sand,
A sealing means 74 is disposed between the annular portion 28 and the rotor 18 and another sealing means 76 is provided on the rotor 1.
A suitable sealing member is disposed between the drive mechanism 22 and the mounting portion 30, although not shown.

The sealing means 74 and 76 are provided on the front surface of the annular tool 28 and extend around the shaft 16.
This is a floating seal provided with an O-ring that is received by the ring and abuts against the concave surface at the rear end of the roller 18. Similarly, the sealing means 76 is a floating seal having a ring disposed on the rear surface of the rotor 20 and extending around the shaft 16, and an O-ring received by the ring and abutting against the concave surface at the front end of the rotor 18. . However, each of the sealing means 74 and 76 may be another sealing means.

Since the illustrated embodiment is the shield device 10 used in the pipe propulsion method, one or more pipes 78 (or a casing) are connected to the rear end of the second tubular portion 26. For this reason, the shield device 10 applies thrust from the main pushing mechanism or the like to the shield body 14 through one or more pipes 78.
, Is advanced with one or more pipes 78. However, the pipe 78 located at the forefront and the second
A plurality of jacks are arranged between the rear end of the cylindrical portion 26 and
The shield device 10 may be advanced by the jack.

The shaft 16 is rotated by the drive mechanism 22 while the shield device 10 is receiving a thrust.
As a result, the rotors 18 and 20 have their rotational axes 5
Since the shafts 0 and 52 are eccentric with respect to the axis 12, the shaft 16 rotates and makes a revolving motion (orbiting motion) around the axis 12 while bringing the outer peripheral surface into contact with the ground. As a result, the shield device 10 separates the ground from the rotors 18 and 20.
It is advanced while being compacted on the outer surface of the vehicle, forming a hole such as a tunnel in the ground.

During their pivoting movement, the rotors 18 and 20, respectively, rotate the first and second gear mechanisms 62 and 64, respectively.
Forcibly rotates (rotates) around the rotation axes 50 and 52, thereby causing a slip with respect to the surrounding ground. Thereby, the earth and sand adhering to the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotors 18 and 20 are removed from the rotors 18 and 20 by the surrounding ground.
Attaches to surrounding ground. As a result, there is no possibility that the earth and sand attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the rotors 18 and 20 will grow into a large block.

As described above, if the earth and sand do not grow into large blocks around the rotors 18 and 20, the shielding device 1
The control in the forward direction of 0 is stabilized, the control in the forward direction becomes easy, and the shield device 10 can be advanced with a small thrust. The control of the forward direction of the shield device 10 can be performed by extending or contracting at least one jack 32 by a predetermined amount, and moving the shield device 10 in that state.

In the shield device 10, the shield body 14 and the rotor 18 are connected by the first gear mechanism 62, and the adjacent rotors 18, 20 are connected by the second gear mechanism 64. 18, 20
Is reliably rotated by the gear mechanisms 62, 64 during its pivoting movement.

When the ground is compacted, a rotational reaction force is generated on the rotors 18 and 20 as the rotors 18 and 20 rotate. When this rotational reaction force is transmitted to the shield body as it is, the shield body 14 is strongly pressed against the ground, so that a large frictional force is generated between the shield body 14 and the ground. Thrust is required, and the forward direction of the shield device 10 becomes unstable.

In particular, in the case of a device in which the direction of the first tubular portion 24 with respect to the second tubular portion 26 is corrected by the jack 32 to correct the forward direction of the shield device 10, the rotation countermeasure acting on the shield main body 14 is adjusted. Due to the force, the forward direction of the shield device 10 becomes unstable, the direction must be corrected frequently, the direction correcting operation becomes complicated, and the direction control becomes unstable.

However, in the shield device 10, since the internal gears 68 and 72 of the first and second gear mechanisms 62 and 64 are provided on the same rotor 18, the rotation direction and the rotation phase of the rotors 18 and 20 are different. Reverse. As a result, the rotor 1
The rotational reaction forces resulting from the rotational movements of the motors 8 and 20 are mutually reduced, the rotational reaction force acting on the shield body 10 is reduced, and the control in the forward direction becomes easier. Shaft 16
(Support portions 40, 42) and rotors 18, 20 (gear 6
8, 70, 72) are indicated by arrows in FIGS.

When the ground is compacted, the rotor 18,
With the turning movement of 20, the bending moment of the shield body 14 in the radial direction acts on the shield body 14. Even if this bending moment is transmitted to the shield body 14 as it is, the shield body 14 is strongly pressed against the ground, so that a large frictional force is generated between the shield body 14 and the ground, and as a result, the shield body 14 Thrust is required, and control in the forward direction becomes easier.

However, in the shield device 10, the rotor 1
Since the eccentrics 8 and 20 are eccentric with respect to the axis 12, the directions of the bending moments acting on the rotors 18 and 20 are opposite to each other. As a result, the bending moments caused by the adjacent rotors 18 and 20 are mutually reduced, so that the bending moment acting on the shield body 14 is reduced, and the frictional force between the shield body 14 and the ground caused by the bending moment is reduced. , The thrust required to advance the shield body 14 is reduced, and the control of the forward direction is easier.

In the above embodiment, the adjacent rotors 18, 2
The zero rotation axes 50 and 52 are eccentric in the opposite direction with respect to the axis 12. However, the rotation axes 50, 52 of the adjacent rotors 18, 20 may extend in opposite directions at a small angle to the axis 12, or the rotation axes 50 or 52 of one of the rotors 18 or 20. May be displaced to one side with respect to the axis 12 and the rotation axis 52 or 50 of the other rotor 20 or 18 may extend at a small angle to the axis 12 in the opposite direction.

In the above embodiment, the internal gears 66 and 70 are attached to the rotors 18 and 20, and the external gears 68 and 72 are attached to the shield body 14 and the rotor 18. And the external gear 68 may be mounted on the shield body 14, the internal gear 70 may be mounted on the rotor 18, and the external gear 72 may be mounted on the rotor 20.

In the above embodiment, the shape of the rotor 20 is conical. However, the shape of the rotor 20 may be frusto-conical, and one or more bits for excavation may be attached to the tip side. Is also good.

The present invention can be applied not only to a shield device having two rotors but also to a shield device having three or more rotors. The shape formed by the plurality of rotors need not be a precise cone or frustoconical shape, but may be substantially conical or substantially frustoconical.

When three or more rotors are used, all the rotors may work together to form a conical or frustoconical outer surface. Instead of this, the rotor closest to the shield body (the last rotor) is a cylindrical rotor having almost the same outer dimensions as the outer dimensions of the shield body,
Other rotors may be those rotors which together form a conical or frustoconical outer surface. In each case, the rotation axis (rotation axis) of the adjacent rotor
Preferably, each rotor is supported on a shaft such that the rotors are on opposite sides with respect to the axis of the shield body.

According to the present invention, not only a shield device for consolidating the ground around the rotor, but also at least a part of the ground around the rotor is excavated, and at least a part of the ground is taken into the shield main body, and the rear of the shield main body is taken out. It can also be applied to a shield device that discharges to

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a shield device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a distal end portion of the shield device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a pitch circle of a first gear mechanism and a rotation direction of a rotor.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a meshing state between a pitch circle of a second gear mechanism, a rotation direction of a rotor, and the like.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Shield apparatus 12, 50, 52 Axis 14 Shield main body 16 Shaft 18, 20 Rotor 22 Drive mechanism 24, 26 1st and 2nd cylindrical part 32 Connection jack 38 Shaft main shaft part 40, 42 Shaft support part 62 , 64 First and second gear mechanisms 66, 70 Internal gear 68, 72 External gear

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical shield main body and a plurality of rotors disposed adjacent to each other in the front-rear direction in front of the main body, the conical or frusto-conical outer surfaces being formed together, A plurality of adjacent rotors having rotation axes different from each other with respect to the axis of the main body; driving means for causing the rotor to perform a swiveling motion about the axis of the main body; First engagement means for engaging the main body with the rearmost rotor to cause the rotor at the rear to rotate about the axis of rotation, and with the pivoting or rotating motion of the rear rotor. And second engagement means for engaging adjacent rotors with each other to cause the front rotor to rotate about the rotation axis. 2. The first engaging means includes: a first external gear disposed on one of the shield main body and the rotor; and a first internal gear disposed on the other of the shield main body and the rotor. A first gear mechanism comprising: a first internal gear that meshes with the first external gear; wherein the second engagement unit is disposed on one of the two adjacent rotors. A second gear including a second external gear and a second internal gear disposed on the other of the adjacent rotors, the second internal gear meshing with the second external gear. The shield device according to claim 1, which is a mechanism.