JPH11313544A - Grafting cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for culturing a grafted plant of a fruit tree capable of making a work for preparing rootstocks easy and quick, shortening a time for a rooting, eliminating the requirement of a gradual return of humidity and a replanting work after delivery thereof, capable of performing a preservation and conveyance in a large amount, also having a good quality seedling and at a low cost by performing the rooting of a seedling prepared by grafting a scion with a stock root under a specific condition. SOLUTION: This method for culturing a grafted plant is provided by grafting a scion prepared by cutting off unnecessary branches, leaves and sprouts of a seedling plant off with a stockroot without a root prepared by cutting at the upper position of its root, putting a coldness-accumulating material 6, a moisture-holding sheet 7 and the grafted seedling plant 5 into a heat insulating material vessel 8 shaded from a light for performing a rooting in a low temperature and a high humidity atmosphere. In this case, it is preferable to perform the rooting at the low temperature and the high humidity atmosphere of 10-20 deg.C, >=70% humidity, and also it is further preferable to perform the rooting of the scion and a stockroot by applying a pasting agent at the grafting surfaces.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of fruit and vegetables using fruits such as eggplants, cucumbers, tomatoes and peppers as edible seeds, which is superior to seedlings for seedlings and has a faster fruiting time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the conventional grafting and seedling raising method, first, a rootstock to be grafted is used while taking advantage of the root part, and is collected together with soil in a range surrounding the root part. Next, the rootstock is cut, notched or cut to prepare a surface to be joined with the scion when grafting is performed. Similarly, the surface that contacts the rootstock of the portion where the grafting is performed is prepared. Next, the surfaces where the stock and the scion are joined are aligned, and the joint is wrapped and fixed with a cloth or tape. Next, the joined rootstock and scion are activated under high temperature and high humidity at a temperature of 25 ° C. and a humidity of 90%. It takes 3 to 7 days for survival. If the seedlings are taken out of a high-temperature, high-humidity atmosphere immediately after the rooting, the seedlings will be damaged by a sudden change in humidity. Therefore, the atmospheric humidity of the seedlings is gradually lowered to be equal to the humidity of the outside air. When the outside humidity and the atmospheric humidity of the seedlings are almost equal, the seedlings are taken out of the living atmosphere. When the sales destination is mainly an individual, the seedlings taken out are planted in a vinyl pot and shipped. The shipped seedlings are planted in a plastic pot and replanted when the roots grow to some extent. However, the conventional grafting method has the following problems. When the rootstock was collected, it was difficult to collect the soil together with the soil in the area surrounding the root. In addition, it took a long time for 3 to 7 days for cultivation, so that many seedlings could not be cultivated at a time, and it took time and labor to gradually lower the humidity. Preparations for the shipment also took time. In addition, when the seedlings that were shipped grew to a certain extent, replanting was required, which made the work difficult.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve these conventional problems, to simplify and speed up the work for preparing the rootstock, shorten the time required for rooting, and gradually reduce the humidity. To reduce the number of shipments,
Mass shipment is possible, replanting work after shipment is eliminated, storage and transportation are easy and large, and the quality of seedlings is good.
An object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost grafting method.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The constitution of the present invention which has solved the above problems is as follows: 1) A rootless rootstock obtained by cutting unnecessary branches, leaves and buds of a seedling above a root and cutting the rooted rootstock. A method of grafting fruit and vegetables to put seedlings joined with a regenerator and a moisturizing sheet in a heat-insulated material container that is joined and shielded from light, and cultivate the seedlings in a low-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere. The method for grafting and raising seedlings of fruits and vegetables according to the above 1), wherein the grafting and rootstock cultivation are carried out in a low-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere having a humidity of 70% or more. The method of grafting and growing seedlings of fruits and vegetables according to the above 1) or 2), wherein the number of leaves to be grafted is 2 to 6 leaves, wherein the method of grafting and growing seeds of fruits and vegetables according to the above 1) to 3) is carried out. The grafting and raising method of fruits and vegetables according to the above 1) to 4), which uses a U-shaped two-branched grafting 6) Ship the seedlings in which the grafting and rootstock take root When, Bae - Pas -
The grafting and seedling method for fruits and vegetables according to the above 1) to 5), which is shipped in a state of being planted in a pot.

[0005]

According to the grafting and seedling raising method of the present invention, the rootstock is cut above the roots so that there are no roots. It is kept in a sealed heat-insulating material container so that there is no part for lighting, and the growth of branches, leaves and buds of seedlings is suppressed by shading and low temperature. Therefore, the nutrients of the seedlings are not used for the growth of branches, leaves and shoots, but are used for survival. As a result, the period required for survival is shorter than at high temperatures or during daylighting. Furthermore, since the growth of seedlings is suppressed, the amount of nutrients required is smaller than in the case where conventional growth that takes root at high temperature and high humidity is not suppressed, and when the seedlings are suddenly taken out from the living atmosphere to the outside air, It is less susceptible to environmental changes and, therefore, has less damage to seedlings. This makes the seedlings more resistant to weathering. In addition, since the seedlings that have lost roots and soil and suppressed their growth have a very small volume, a large amount can be activated at a time in a heat insulating material container. When many seedlings are to be sold after cultivation, the quantity of seedlings to be sold is placed in advance in a heat insulating material container to be activated and shipped together with the heat insulating material container. Therefore, the refilling work at the time of shipment is eliminated, the growth of the seedlings during storage and transportation is suppressed, and the quality of the seedlings is maintained. Further, the purchaser may take out the required number of seedlings from the heat insulating material container and store the rest in the heat insulating material container. This reduces shipping and purchaser (mainly farmer) work. According to the third aspect of the present invention, the scion and the stock are joined using glue. The use of glue increases the degree of adhesion of the joint surface and prevents air from entering the cut, so that nutrients for survival can easily move between the scion and the rootstock. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the number of leaves for scioning is 2 to 6 leaves. As a result, it is possible to reduce both the burden on the purchaser and the variation in harvest, and to achieve both the above-described effect of suppressing the growth of ears in the rooting. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the harvesting for two seedlings is obtained by the operation for one seedling by using the scioning whose upper part is divided into two branches in a U-shape. In the invention according to claim 6,
When shipping seedlings, they are shipped in paper pots. Purchasers plant seedlings together with the paper pots. Since the paper pot is made of paper, it erodes in the soil, and when the roots of the seedlings reach the paper pot, the paper pot is easily broken.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Fruits of the grafting method include eggplants of the Solanaceae family, tomatoes and watermelons of the Cucurbitaceae family, cucumber and makuwauri. If necessary, the fixing cloth or tape used for the part to be entrapped may be a vinyl tube or a shrinkable tube. Root cutting may leave some roots or may be cut in the middle of the stem. Ice, ice,
Dry ice and other materials used as a refrigerant may be used. Paper, cloth, or cotton is used as the moisturizing sheet. The paper pot is a pot-shaped container made of paper, and is desirably capable of being decomposed in the soil and having roots. Chemical glue (PVAL chemical glue etc.)
There is a starch paste, and it is preferable to determine it according to conditions.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. Example 1 (see FIGS. 1 to 4) In Example 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, unnecessary branches, leaves, and buds are cut off so that the leaves become five seedlings. Cut off the root above the root so that there is no root, put the cold storage material and the moisturizing sheet in a light-shielded heat insulating material container, and set the temperature to 10 ° C to 20 ° C.
This is an example of a grafting and seedling raising method in which the plant is cultivated in a low-temperature, high-humidity atmosphere at 70 ° C. and a humidity of 70% or more. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which a root of a rootstock according to the first embodiment is cut. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which the rootstock and the scion are joined according to the first embodiment. FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a live part of a seedling of Example 1 is fixed. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state of the seedling at the time of survival in Example 1. In the figure, 1 is the rootstock of the eggplant, 2 is the root of the rootstock,
3 is a scion of tomato, 4 is a cloth for fixing the living part,
5 is a seedling, 6 is a cold storage agent for lowering the temperature inside the styrofoam container when activated, 6a is ice used as a cold storage material, 7 is a moisturizing sheet for increasing the humidity inside the styrofoam container when activated, 7a is Wet newspaper used as a moisturizing sheet,
8 is a styrofoam container used as a heat insulating container, 8a
Is a lid part of the Styrofoam container, 8b is a container part of the Styrofoam container, and 15 is a joining surface for bringing the scion and rootstock into contact. The grafting and seedling raising method of Example 1 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 1, a seedling of an eggplant of a variety excellent in weather resistance and seedling resistance is cut above the root 2 so as not to have the root 2, and cut therefrom by a predetermined length to form a rootstock 1. The cut surface above the stock 1 is to be cut into a joint surface with the scion 3 so as to be cut. Next, unnecessary branches, leaves, and buds of tomatoes of a high quality and a variety of tomatoes that are harvested a lot are cut off, and cut down to a predetermined length below to obtain a scion 3. Since the cut surface below the scion 3 becomes a joint surface with the stock 1, the cut surface is cut in accordance with the cut of the stock 1. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the joining surfaces of the rootstock 1 and the scion 3 are combined to form one seedling 5. Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the cloth 4 is wound around the joint between the stock 1 and the scion 3 and fixed. Next, the cold storage agent 6 of about 0 ° C. is put into the container portion 8b of the styrofoam container, the wet newspaper 7a is laid thereon, the seedling 5 is placed thereon, and the opening of the container portion of the styrofoam container 8b is opened. Is covered with the lid 8a of the styrofoam container. The regenerator 6 cools the inside of the styrofoam container 8 and the wet newspaper 7a increases the humidity, and the lid 8a of the styrofoam container
Blocks light. Thereby, the inside of the Styrofoam container 8 becomes a light-shielded low-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere at a temperature of 12 ° C. and a humidity of 70% or more, and the growth of the branches, leaves and buds of the seedling 5 is suppressed by the light-shielding and low temperature. Therefore, the nutrients of the seedling 5 are used for survival without being used for the growth of the branches, leaves and shoots. As a result, the period required for survival is shorter than in the past, requiring only 2 to 3 days. Furthermore, since the growth of the seedlings 5 is suppressed, the required amount of nutrients is smaller than when the seedlings take root at high temperature and high humidity. Less susceptible to this,
Damage to seedling 5 is small. That is, the seedlings 5 have more weather resistance than before. Further, since the seedlings 5 that have lost roots and soil and have suppressed growth are extremely small in volume, a large amount can be activated at a time in the styrofoam container 8. If a large number of seedlings are to be sold after cultivation (such as a farmhouse), a predetermined amount of the seedlings 5 to be sold is put in advance in the styrofoam container 8, and then the styrofoam container 8 is shipped.
There is no need for refilling work at the time of shipment, and growth of the seedlings 5 during storage and transportation is suppressed, and the quality of the seedlings 5 is maintained. Further, if the seedlings 5 are purchased together with the styrofoam container 8, the purchaser (a farmer or the like) may take out the required number of seedlings 5 from the styrofoam container 8 and store the rest in the styrofoam container 8. This reduces the work required for shipping and for purchasers (such as farmers). Example 2 (refer to FIGS. 5 to 7) In Example 2 shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the grafting and rootstock are joined using glue to take root, and shipment is mainly for individuals or retailers. This is an example of the grafting method for seedlings that are shipped in a state of being planted in a paper pot when the seedlings are shipped. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a bonding state using the glue according to the second embodiment. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a conventional shipment state mainly to individuals or to retailers. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state of shipment to an individual or to a retailer according to the second embodiment. In the figure, 9 is a vinyl pot, 10 is a paper pot, 11 is a shipping box, and 14 is glue. The grafting and seedling raising method of Example 2 will be described. In the second embodiment, when the rootstock 1 and the scion 3 are activated,
The glue 14 is applied to the joint surface 15 between the rootstock 1 and the scion 3 and
And the scion 3 are joined. Of the joining surface 15 of the stock 1 and the scion 3
The unevenness existing on each surface is filled with the glue 14, and the bonding surface 1
Since the degree of adhesion of No. 5 is increased and air does not enter the cut, nutrients for survival can easily move between the scion 3 and the rootstock 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, the survival period is about one day. As described above, the survival period can be significantly reduced as compared with the related art. Also, if the shipment is mainly for individuals or retailers, seedlings 5
In a paper pot 10 for shipment. Without roots, leaves,
The seedling 5 in which the growth of the branches and the buds is suppressed does not take a very large volume, and the shipping efficiency is greatly improved as shown in FIGS. Individuals who purchase the seedlings 5 plant the seedlings 5 together with the paper pots 10. Since the paper pot 10 is made of paper, it is corroded in the soil, and when the roots of the seedlings 5 reach the paper pot, the paper pot is in a state of being easily broken by the force of root growth. Therefore, the purchased individual does not need to replant according to the root growth. Also,
Since one seedling is much lighter than before, it is easy to purchase. In addition, reference numerals, configurations, and usages are the same as those in the first embodiment. Example 3 (See FIGS. 8 and 9) In Example 3 shown in FIGS.
This is a grafting and seedling raising method using a grafting whose upper part is divided into two U-shaped branches. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a joint state of the scion and the stock according to the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the scioning and the stock. In the figure, reference numeral 13 denotes a scion that has two branches at the top. 16 is a branch. The grafting and seedling raising method of the third embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, when cutting unnecessary branches, leaves, and buds from a seedling to make a graft, a portion to be grafted is cut out so that the upper part is divided into two branches in a U-shape. . The purchaser plants the seedling 5 of the third embodiment in the center of the space for planting two. Since the two branches 16 grow as two conventional branches, two crops can be obtained. However, since only one planting operation or the like by the purchaser is sufficient, the work can be reduced. In addition, reference numerals, configurations, and usages are the same as those in the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of another example of fixing the rootstock and the scion at the time of rooting.

[0008]

According to the grafting and seedling raising method of the present invention, the root is cut off above the root of the rootstock, a cool storage agent and a moisturizing sheet are placed in a light-shielded heat insulating material container, and activated in a low-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere. Shorten the time required for soaking, and after activating the soaking atmosphere, there is no need to gradually return to humidity, reducing the number of storage and shipping packages, having weather resistance, significantly reducing costs, An easy-to-store and high-quality grafting and seedling raising method can be provided. Further, by applying a glue to the joining surface at the time of laying, the time required for laying can be further reduced. In addition, the grafting portion of the grafting is one branch, and the upper part is divided into two U-shaped branches, so that one seedling can obtain two crops, reducing the work Can be. Further, when the seedlings are shipped, they are planted in a paper pot and shipped, so that it is not necessary to replant the seedlings according to the growth of the seedlings, and the weight can be easily purchased by individuals.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a state in which roots of a rootstock of a first embodiment are cut.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a rootstock and a scion are joined in Example 1.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which an active part of a seedling of Example 1 is fixed.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a seedling at the time of survival in Example 1.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a bonding state using the glue of Example 2.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a conventional state of shipment mainly to individuals or to retailers.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of shipment of a second embodiment mainly to individuals or retailers.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a joining state of a scion and a stock according to a third embodiment.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing another example of the scioning and the stock.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of another example of fixing a rootstock and a scion when rooting.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rootstock 2 Root 3 Hoofing 4 Cloth 5 Seedling 6 Cold storage agent 7 Moisturizing sheet 8 Styrofoam container 10 Paper pot 13 U-shaped two-sided hoofing on top 14 Glue

Claims (6)

[Claims] Claims: 1. Harvesting unneeded branches, leaves and buds of a seedling with a rootless rootstock cut above the root,
A method of grafting fruit and vegetables, in which seedlings joined with a regenerator and a moisturizing sheet are placed in a light-shielded heat insulating material container and activated in a low-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the grafting and rooting of the rootstock are performed in a low-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere at a temperature of 10 ° C. to 20 ° C. and a humidity of 70% or more. 3. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein a glue is applied to the joint surface so that the grafting and rootstock take root. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the number of leaves for the scion is 2 to 6 leaves.
3. The method for raising a seedling of fruits and vegetables according to the above-mentioned item 3. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein a grafting having an upper portion divided into two U-shaped branches is used. 6. When shipping the seedlings in which the grafting and rootstock take root,
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fruits and vegetables are grafted and shipped in a paper pot.