JPH1130481A - Drying speed controller for grain dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] When a grain moisture value detected by a moisture sensor is equal to or larger than a set grain moisture value during drying by drying speed control for drying grain at a constant drying loss rate, the drying is performed. The drying speed control was stopped and drying was performed at a constant hot air temperature, resulting in a loss in drying time. A detected grain moisture value is set to a set grain moisture value.
S or less, and even if the detected grain moisture value MS2 is greater than or equal to the set grain moisture value MS during drying by drying rate control for drying the grain at a constant drying loss rate, the drying rate control is not performed. Continue without stopping.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a drying speed control device for controlling the start and continuation of the drying speed control of a grain dryer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Grains in a grain drying chamber are dried by being exposed to the hot air by hot air generated from a burner, and the moisture of the grains during drying is detected by a moisture sensor. In this drying operation, when the grain moisture value detected by the moisture sensor is detected to be equal to or less than the set grain moisture value, the drying of the grain is performed, for example, by reducing the grain moisture to a constant drying loss rate of 0.8 per hour. % By controlling the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner so as to reduce the drying temperature. The drying is performed under the drying speed control. When a particle moisture value or more is detected, the drying speed control is stopped, and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner is controlled to a constant temperature for drying.

[0003]

The grain moisture value detected by the moisture sensor is equal to or greater than the set grain moisture value even during drying with drying speed control for drying the grain at a constant drying loss rate. Is detected, the drying speed control is stopped, and drying is performed at a constant hot air temperature. By the time the next drying speed control is started, it takes a long time to collect the grain moisture value detected by the moisture sensor. (Approximately 90 minutes or more), and a large loss may occur in the drying time.
The present invention is intended to solve this problem.

[0004]

According to the present invention, a grain drying chamber 8 for drying grains, a burner 3 for generating hot air, and a moisture sensor 2 for detecting grain moisture are provided. In a grain dryer that starts drying speed control for drying a grain at a constant drying loss rate when the detected grain moisture value MS1 is equal to or less than a set grain moisture value MS, the drying speed control is started. A controller 48 is provided for controlling the drying speed control so as to continue without stopping even if the grain moisture value MS2 detected by the moisture sensor 2 is equal to or greater than the set grain moisture value MS. Of the drying speed control device of the grain dryer.

[0005]

The grains in the grain drying chamber 8 are dried by being exposed to the hot air by the hot air generated from the burner 3, and the moisture of the grains during the drying is detected by the moisture sensor 2. This drying operation is performed by the grain moisture value MS detected by the moisture sensor 2.
When 1 detects a grain moisture value equal to or less than the set grain moisture value MS, the drying of the grain is generated from the burner 3 so that the grain moisture is reduced by, for example, 0.8% per hour at a constant drying loss rate. Drying is performed by controlling the temperature of hot air to be dried, and drying is performed by drying speed control. During this drying speed control, the grain moisture value MS2 detected by the moisture sensor 2 is equal to or greater than the set grain moisture value MS. However, this drying speed control is not stopped and controlled by the control device 48, and drying is continuously performed by this drying speed control.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the grain is dried after being changed to the drying speed control, and the detected grain moisture value MS2 is equal to or greater than the set grain moisture value MS during the drying by the drying speed control. Even when the drying speed control is continued and the grain is dried, no loss occurs in the drying time.

[0007]

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The figure shows a circulation type grain dryer 1 for drying grains.
1 shows a state in which a moisture sensor 2 for detecting moisture in a grain and a burner 3 for generating hot air are mounted. The dryer 1 is provided with a transfer trough 5 having a transfer spiral rotatably mounted therein and a ceiling plate 6 above the machine wall 4 in a rectangular shape which is long in the front-rear direction. A grain storage chamber 7 for storing is formed.

[0008] The grain drying chambers 8, 8 are provided below the storage chamber 7 between the left and right exhaust chambers 9, 9 and the central blowing chamber 10, and below the drying chambers 8, 8, Discharge valves 11 for distributing and flowing down the grains are rotatably supported on respective shafts. The collecting gutter 12 rotatably supports a transfer spiral and is provided below each of the drying chambers 8 and 8 so as to communicate with each other.

The burner 3 is provided inside a burner case 13, and the burner case 13 is detachably attached to the outside of the front machine wall 4 in front of the front machine wall 4 so as to correspond to the inlet side of the blower chamber 10. And an operation device 14 for starting and stopping the dryer 1, the moisture sensor 2, the burner 3 and the like for each of the operations of filling, drying, and discharging, is attached to and detached from the outer surface of the front side machine wall 4. It is provided freely.

The exhaust fan 15 is provided on a rear exhaust wall 17 in the center of the exhaust passage chamber 16 provided to communicate with the left and right exhaust chambers 9, 9 on the rear machine wall 4. The wall 4 is provided with a fan motor 18 for driving the fan 15 to rotate. The valve motor 19 drives the delivery valves 11 and 11 to rotate via a speed reduction mechanism.

The fuel pump 20 has a fuel valve,
The fuel pump 20 sucks the fuel in the fuel tank 21 and supplies the fuel to the burner 3 by opening and closing the fuel valve. Blower 22
Is provided on the outer side of the upper plate, is driven to rotate at a variable speed by a blower motor 23 for speed change, and blows combustion air corresponding to the supplied fuel amount to the burner 3 by the blower 22. Burner 3
The hot air generated from the air and the outside air passing through the burner case 13 are mixed to form dry hot air.

The diffusion board 24 is provided at the center in the front-rear direction of the bottom plate of the transfer gutter 5 and below the supply port for supplying the transfer kernels to the storage room 7, and the diffusion kernels are uniformly diffused and reduced to the storage room 7. ing.
The grain raising machine 25 is provided on the outer side of the front side machine wall 4, and has a belt with a bucket conveyor 26 stretched therein, and the upper end thereof is provided with a discharge cylinder 27 between the starter of the transfer gutter 5. The lower end is provided with a supply gutter 28 to communicate with the end of the grain collecting gutter 12.

The grain raising machine motor 29 is mounted on the bucket conveyor 2.
The belt with 6, the transfer spiral in the transfer gutter 5, the diffusion board 24, the transfer spiral in the grain collecting gutter 12, and the like are rotationally driven. The moisture sensor 2 is provided substantially at the center of the grain raising machine 25 in the vertical direction. The moisture sensor 2 transmits an electrical measurement signal from the operation device 14 to rotate the moisture motor 30 to rotate and drive various parts of the moisture sensor 2. Then, for example, while compressing and grinding 100 grains of this grain one by one at intervals of 10 minutes, the water content of the 100 ground grains is detected and the average value is calculated, and the calculated average value is calculated. .. Are set to the detected grain moisture values MS1, MS2,.

The operating device 14 has a box shape and has a push button for starting the drying machine 1, the moisture sensor 2, the burner 3 and the like on the surface plate of the box body for each of the operations of inserting, drying and discharging. -Type on / off switch incorporation / drying / discharge starting means 31a, 31b, 31c, stopping means 32 for stopping the dryer 1 and the buzzer 33, moisture setting means for setting a target finish moisture of kernels 34, indication lamps 35 for each moisture, and a drying type setting means 3 for setting a hot air temperature generated from the burner 3 and setting a drying type as a drying speed.
6. Display lamps 37 for each type of drying, setting amount setting means 38 for setting the amount of stuffed grain, display lamps 39 for both the number of stones and ventilation drying, moisture correction for correcting grain moisture value Means 40, a timer increase / decrease to increase or decrease the set time of the timer.
Reduction means 41, 42, emergency stop means 43a, power supply start means 44, display means 4 for digitally displaying various display items.
3. Monitor display lamps 45, 45 for displaying motor abnormalities and sensor abnormalities, a display lamp 46 for displaying the mixed state of immature grains, and a display lamp 47 for displaying a state of water variation in grains.

The method of setting various items by operating the setting means 34, 36, 38 is configured as follows. For example, when setting a fast drying mode for rice grain, by turning on the drying setting means 36,
This display lamp 37 is sequentially turned on from the display lamp 37 at the slow position of the rice grain, and when the display lamp 37 at the display position is turned on quickly, the drying setting means 36 is turned off during this turn on to start the fast mode. Can be set.

When the target moisture content is set to 15%, by turning on the moisture setting means 34, the display lamps 35 are turned on sequentially from the display lamp 35 at the cutting position, and the display lamp 35 at the display position is displayed at 15%. When the display lamp 35 is turned on, by turning off the moisture setting means 34 during this lighting, the finish target moisture can be set to 15%. The setting of the filling amount can be set by operating the filling amount setting means 38 in the same manner as described above.

The insertion amount setting means 38 includes, for example, 24
Assuming that the dryer 1 can dry stone grains,
The minimum indentation amount of 4 stones is displayed as 1 and 6 stones are displayed as 2, and thereafter 8 stones, 10 stones, 12 stones, 14 stones, 16 stones, 18 stones,
20 stones, 22 stones, 24 stones 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
9, 10, and 11 are displayed. The control device 48 is provided in the operation device 14 and includes a paddy flow sensor 49.
Detection, input of digital sensor information, and moisture sensor 2
Digital input circuit 50, burner 3 to which the determination of
The comparison circuit 52 to which the detection of the frame lot 51 for detecting the flame generated from the input is inputted, and the respective start setting means 31a, 31
b, 31c, 32, 34, 36, 38, 40, 41, 4
2, 43a, 44, a digital input circuit 53, a detection value detected by the moisture sensor 2, and an analog input circuit 54 to which analog sensor information is input, a hot air temperature sensor 55, an outside air temperature sensor 56, and exhaust air. A voltage conversion circuit 59 to which detection values detected by the temperature sensor 57 and the electrode temperature sensor 58 are input, an A / D conversion circuit 60, a serial data reception circuit 61, and a digital input circuit 63 to which a memory clear 62 is input. Circuits 50, 52, 53, 54, 5
A microcomputer 64 for controlling the dryer for performing arithmetic logic operation and comparison operation on the inputs from 9, 60, 61 and 63, a memory 65, and a blower motor 18 via an output circuit 66 in response to a command from the microcomputer 64 for controlling the dryer. , Valve motor 1
9, and start and stop control of the grain raising motor 29, and start and stop control of the fuel valve, the fuel pump 20, the burner motor 68, and the igniter 69 via the output circuit 67,
The start and stop of the fuel valve are controlled via a pulse drive circuit 70, and the blower motor 23 is controlled via a rotation command output circuit 71.
Start, stop, and adjust control of the rotation pulse input circuit 7
2, input control to the dryer control microcomputer 64, start and stop control of the moisture motor 30 via an output circuit 73, display various items on the display means 43 via a display circuit 75, and output via an output circuit 74. The buzzer 33 is controlled to operate and stop, and includes a serial data transmission circuit 76, a nonvolatile memory 77, and the like.

When the drying mode is set by operating the drying type setting means 36 at a location other than the constant temperature drying mode of rice grain, other than the constant temperature drying mode, beer barley, barley, and wheat, for example, The drying is performed at a drying speed control for drying the grains so that the drying loss rate per hour set and stored in the device 48 is 0.8%. The drying loss rate of 0.8% in the drying speed control is based on the grain moisture value MS one hour before and one hour after detection by the moisture sensor 2.
1, MS2,... In order to maintain the drying rate of 0.8% in the drying speed control, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 3 is controlled.

By operating the drying type setting means 36,
The set drying type (drying mode) and setting amount 3
By the operation of 8, the hot air temperature generated from the burner 3 is set and stored in the control device 48 in advance based on the set embedding kernel amount. Although the drying is performed at the set hot air temperature, when the drying loss rate is different from the set drying loss rate of 0.8%, the hot air temperature of the burner 3 is controlled to rise or fall by a predetermined temperature,
It is configured to dry while securing a drying loss rate of 0.8%.

At the start of the drying speed control before the drying of the grains by the drying speed control, for example, the set grain moisture value MS written and set in the program of the control device 48 is 25. %, The temperature of the hot air generated from the burner 3 is dried at a constant temperature without entering the drying speed control, and the grain moisture value M detected by the moisture sensor 2 is detected.
When S1 detects 25% or less of the set moisture value MS set, the drying speed control is started and the grains are dried by the drying speed control. The set grain moisture value MS that enters the drying speed control is configured to be changeable to be written into a program.

In the drying speed control, during the drying of the grain by the drying speed control, the grain moisture value MS2 detected by the moisture sensor 2 as shown in FIG. Even if the above is detected, the drying speed control is continued without stopping, and the grain is dried by the drying speed control. Conventionally, when the set grain moisture value MS or less is detected, the drying speed control is interrupted. In order to start the drying speed control again, the average grain moisture value is measured at least three times or more. If the grain moisture value MS or less is not detected, the drying control is not changed to the drying control again, and the drying time is lost. According to the present invention, once the drying speed control is started, the drying speed control is not stopped, so that the loss of the drying time can be prevented.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2. The operation of drying the grain is started (S-10).
1) The moisture value MS1 of the grain is detected by the moisture sensor 2 (S-102), and it is determined whether the detected grain moisture value MS1 is equal to or less than the set grain moisture value MS (S-103), and the determination is NO. And returns to (S-103). If the determination is YES, the drying speed control is started (S-104), and the moisture value MS of the grain is obtained.
2 is detected by the moisture sensor 2 (S-105), and the detected grain moisture value MS2 is determined by the moisture sensor 2 by the set grain moisture value MS.
Is determined (S-106), the determination is NO, and the determination is YES. In both cases, the drying speed control is continued.

In the grain drying machine 1, the drying time for drying the grain is set to a timer, or the drying time is changed by the operation of the timer extension setting means 41 and the timer reduction setting means 42. The drying operation is performed during one of the drying times set in the timer. The grain moisture being dried by the moisture sensor 2 is
During the detection at the set predetermined time interval, immediately before the drying time set in the timer expires, the moisture sensor 2 detects the grain moisture value, and the detected grain moisture value is The display means 43 is configured to display the information.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 7. The operation of drying the grain is started (S-20).
1) It is detected whether drying is in progress (S-202), and if NO is determined, the process returns to (S-202). If the determination is YES, it is detected whether the timer is set (S-203), and if the determination is NO, the process returns to (S-202). If YES is determined, it is determined whether the remaining time of the timer is t (S-204), and it is detected whether the remaining time of the timer t ≦ the grain moisture measurement interval T (S-205),
As the measurement interval, for example, 5 minutes or 10 minutes is set and stored. If the determination is NO, the process returns to (S-204). If the determination is YES, the process proceeds to (S-206).
From (S-206) to (S-211) are controlled as shown, and the process returns (S212).

Thus, the operator is informed of the moisture value of the grain immediately before the stop, which is effective when the preset grain moisture measurement interval is long. The drying time in which the drying time for drying the grain is set in the timer in the grain drying machine 1 or the drying time is set in the timer adding means 4.
1, and the drying operation is changed by the operation of the timer reduction setting means 42, and the drying operation is performed in one of the drying times set in the timer. The grain moisture being dried by the moisture sensor 2 is configured to measure the grain moisture immediately before the end of the timer separately from the set predetermined time interval.
During the measurement of the grain moisture, when the timer expires (stop time), until the grain moisture measurement ends,
The grain dryer 1 is configured to extend the stoppage.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 8. The operation of drying the grain is started (S-30).
Proceed to 1), (S-302). (S-302) to (S-
306) is controlled as shown in the figure, and it is detected whether the remaining time of the timer is 0 (S-307). If the determination is YES, it is detected whether the measurement is completed (S-308), and if the determination is NO, it is determined (S-308).
Return to -306). If the determination is YES, the average moisture value of the grain is calculated and displayed (S-309).

If the determination is NO in (S-307), it is detected whether or not the measurement is completed (S-310). If the determination is NO, the process returns to (S-306). If determined to be YES, the average moisture value of the grain is calculated and displayed (S-311), whether the remaining time of the timer is 0 is detected (S-312), and if determined to be NO, the process proceeds to (S-312). Return. If YES is determined (S
Go to -313). Steps (S-313) to (S-314) are controlled as shown, and the process returns (S-315).

Thus, in the measurement of the grain moisture in the gap at the end of drying, similarly to the usual grain moisture measurement, the grain moisture of a predetermined number of grains can be measured, and the average grain moisture value can be calculated. Can also. In the grain dryer 1, the moisture sensor 2 detects grain moisture during drying, and when the set stop moisture is reached, the drying operation of the grain dryer 1 is stopped, and the grain dryer 1 is being dried or dried. In the measurement of the grain moisture in the end gap, if the grain moisture measurement does not end even after a certain time has elapsed, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the moisture sensor 2 and the drying operation is stopped. In addition, the certain time is set such that the certain time of the drying end gap is set shorter than the certain time during the drying.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 9. The drying operation of the grain is started (S-40).
1), proceed to (S-402). (S-402) to (S-
407) is controlled as shown, and if (S-407) is NO
Is determined, the average moisture value MS ≦ the stop set moisture value ML +
is detected (S-408), and if NO is determined (S-408)
Return to -403). YES and it is determined the predetermined time of measurement is changed to T ₂ (S-409), the relationship of T ₂ and T ₁ is T ₂ <T _1. Proceed to (S-410). (S-41
0) to (S-414) are controlled as shown in FIG.
14) YES When it is determined that the normal quenched with moisture sensor 2 (S-415), (S -411) a predetermined time T ₂ and it is determined that NO is detected whether elapsed (S-41
6) If NO is determined, the process returns to (S-410). YE
If it is determined that S said moisture sensor 2 abnormal is stopped treatment (S-417), (S -404) a predetermined time T ₁ and it is determined that NO is detected whether elapsed (S-418), and NO If it is determined, the process returns to (S-403). If YES is determined, the process proceeds to (S-417). (S-415) and (S
-417) is returned (S-419).

[0030] Thus, the measurement abnormality determination time of the drying end gap is shortened and the operation is abnormally stopped. Drying has progressed and the grain has been overdried, but this can be resolved. In the grain dryer 1, a grain-lifting motor 2 having a particularly high load current value
9 and the load current value of the blower motor 18 and the like, and when the load current value exceeds a predetermined load current value, the motor 29 and the motor 18 are individually provided with overload detecting means for determining that the load is overloaded. If it is determined that the motor 29 and the motor 18 are overloaded, the grain dryer 1
And when the grain moisture value detected by the moisture sensor 2 is a high moisture value, the predetermined load current value is changed, and when the grain moisture value is a high moisture value, the overload detection is delayed. And The overload correction of the load current value is, for example, 100%, 105%, 110%, 115%
This is a configuration that can be corrected and changed in four stages.

The operation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
The overload detection processing of the motor 29 is started (S-50).
1), proceed to (S-502), (S-502) to (S-502)
504) is controlled as shown, load current value> overload current value is detected (S-505), and if YES is determined, it is detected whether the overload stop time has elapsed (S-506),
If the determination is YES, an overload stop process for the motor 29 is performed (S-507), and the process returns (S-508).
If it is determined NO in (S-505) and (S-506), the process proceeds to (S-508).

When a grain having a high moisture value is stuffed and dried, the load current value of the elevator motor 29 becomes particularly high. This motor 29 is detected as overloaded, and the grain dryer 1 May be automatically stopped, and grain drying may not be performed. For this reason, the operator manually changes the overload correction of the motor 29 to 115% and restarts the operation. Was annoying,
Thus, if the grain has a high moisture value, this motor 29
The overload of the motor 29 is automatically corrected to 115% and is set. By performing the overload detection with the overload of the motor 29 at 115%, a clogging or the like occurs in the grain raising machine 25, and the motor 29 Except when the overload occurs, each work can be continued and the operation is no longer troublesome,
Operability has been improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between grain moisture value and drying speed control.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart.

FIG. 3 is an overall side view of a grain dryer partially sectioned.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of the operating device for partially sectioning;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing another embodiment, and is a flowchart.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another embodiment, and is a flowchart.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart showing another embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart showing another embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Moisture sensor 3 Burner 8 Grain drying room 48 Control device MS Set grain moisture value MS1 Detected grain moisture value MS2 Detected grain moisture value

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A grain drying chamber 8 for drying grains, a burner 3 for generating hot air, and a moisture sensor 2 for detecting grain moisture.
A grain dryer that starts drying speed control to dry the grains at a constant drying loss rate when the grain moisture value MS1 detected by the moisture sensor 2 is equal to or less than the set grain moisture value MS, A controller for controlling the drying speed control to be continued without stopping even if the drying speed control is started and the grain moisture value MS2 detected by the moisture sensor 2 is equal to or greater than the set grain moisture value MS. 48. A drying speed control device for a grain dryer, wherein 48 is provided.