JPH11300612A - Plate-like body grinding method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To automate an operation by measuring the shape of a grinding wheel before it is brought into contact with the peripheral end of a platelike body, and correcting the position of the grinding wheel and a table relative to each other in a moving locus and/or in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the platelike body. SOLUTION: After the passage of fixed time of chamfering work or after the end of chamfering a fixed number of glass plates, the shape of a grinding wheel 26B for chamfering is measured again by a laser measuring equipment 30. Then, the result of this measuring is compared with a reference value inputted beforehand and, based on the result of this comparison, a CPU corrects a locus and a height for next chamfering work. Thus, since a chamfering device includes, in a grinding wheel rotating device 12, the laser measuring equipment 30 provided to measure the shape of the grinding wheel 26B for chamfering, the necessity of removing the grinding wheel 26B for chamfering from the grinding wheel rotating device 12 for each measuring is eliminated. Thus, work efficiency is increased. Also, since the locus and the height are automatically corrected based on the result of the measuring performed by the laser measuring equipment 30, any human mistakes are prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for grinding a sheet, and more particularly, to a method and an apparatus for grinding a plate for chamfering a periphery of a window glass of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A chamfering grindstone for chamfering a peripheral edge of a glass plate is formed in a disk shape, and the peripheral edge of the glass plate is pressed against a grinding surface formed on the peripheral surface to chamfer the peripheral edge.
In this case, the grindstone is moved to X so that the grindstone follows the periphery of the glass plate.
The glass plate is chamfered by moving in the −Y direction.

On the other hand, in particular, when the shape of the glass plate is not rectangular, the shape is converted into numerical data in recent years. Therefore, by using this data, either the table on which the glass plate is fixed or the grinding wheel for chamfering is moved along a preset trajectory. It has been proposed to make contact with.

[0004] In the chamfering operation, either the table or the grinding wheel is moved along a predetermined movement trajectory. Therefore, when the grinding wheel is worn and the wheel diameter is reduced, the edge of the glass and the grinding wheel are reduced. A shift occurs in the moving trajectory for chamfering the glass peripheral edge while abutting the glass with an appropriate pressing force. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the moving trajectory by periodically measuring the wheel diameter of the chamfering grindstone.

In this case, the movement trajectory is corrected by actually measuring the glass plate after chamfering or by manually measuring the wheel diameter of the chamfering grindstone by a worker using calipers, and manually inputting the measured data to the controller. Was. On the other hand, if the chamfering whetstone is replaced or the chamfering whetstone has uneven wear, the relative position between the chamfering whetstone and the table in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the glass plate is larger than the allowable value. May also be off. If the chamfering is performed in such a state, a processing defect occurs. In this case, the positional deviation is corrected by actually measuring the glass plate after the chamfering.

[0006]

However, as in the prior art, the operator manually measures the glass plate or manually measures the wheel diameter of the grinding wheel for chamfering and manually inputs correction data to the controller. This is not only complicated, but also has the disadvantage that the operation efficiency must be reduced because the operation must be stopped and the data must be re-input when the wheels are replaced.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has been made to correct the movement trajectory of a grindstone or a table and to correct the relative position between a grindstone and a table in a direction perpendicular to the surface of a plate-like body. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for grinding a plate-like body that can be performed automatically.

[0008]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, a plate-like body is fixed on a table, and the table and a grindstone are attached to a peripheral portion of the plate-like body. In contact with, and along the peripheral portion of the plate-like body, by relatively moving along a predetermined movement trajectory, in the plate-like body grinding method of grinding the periphery of the plate-like body with the whetstone, Before bringing the grindstone into contact with the periphery of the plate-like body, measure the shape of the grindstone, and based on the measurement result of the shape of the grindstone, the moving trajectory and / or the grindstone in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the plate-like body. It is characterized in that the relative position with respect to the table is corrected.

According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, the grinding device is provided with a shape measuring means for measuring the shape of the grindstone, and based on the measurement result measured by the shape measuring means, the moving trajectory and the plate-like body are measured. Since the relative positions of the grindstone and the table in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the table are both corrected, both can be automatically corrected. In addition, by performing automatic correction, it is possible to prevent a measurement error caused by an operator and an input error of a measurement result.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the non-contact type laser measuring means is applied as the shape measuring means, the shape of the grindstone can be measured accurately, quickly and easily. According to the invention described in claim 4, the controller determines the dressing time of the grindstone and the replacement time of the grindstone based on the measurement result measured by the shape measuring means, and outputs a signal indicating the timing when the determination is made. . If a dressing machine is provided with a dresser, a grinding wheel can be dressed with the dresser by the signal from the controller. Therefore, the processing quality of the plate-shaped body is stabilized.

[0011]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plate-like body grinding method and apparatus according to the present invention; FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a chamfering apparatus 10 showing an example in which a plate-shaped body grinding apparatus according to the present invention is applied to a glass sheet chamfering apparatus.

A chamfering apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 1 is mainly a laser measuring device for automatically measuring the shapes of a grinding wheel rotating device 12, an autochanger 14, a glass plate suction device 16, a glass plate moving device 18, a dresser 20, and a grinding wheel for chamfering. 30. The grinding wheel rotating device 12 includes a spindle motor 2
2, the spindle motor 22 has a cylindrical casing 2
4 is connected to a chuck (not shown) so as to transmit a rotational force. The chuck is connected to the casing 24 via a rotating shaft.
It is rotatably supported by a support member inside. As shown in FIG. 2, a shank 26 of a tool 26 is attached to this chuck.
A is detachably supported, and the shank 26A
A chamfering grindstone 26B (see FIG. 3) having a ground surface 26C curved inward is coaxially fixed to the lower end of the. The chamfering grindstone 26B is housed in a wheel cover 28 shown in FIG. 2, and the wheel cover 28 is attached to a lower end of the casing 24. Wheel cover 2
8 has an opening 28A formed around it, and a brush 29 is attached to each of the upper and lower edges of the opening 28A. The grinding surface 26C of the chamfering grindstone 26B has the opening 2
8A is supported at the center. And
The glass plate 34 is moved from the opening 28A to the wheel cover 28.
And is pressed against the chamfering grindstone 26B to be chamfered.

[0013] Sprinkler tubes 32, 32 are provided above and below the chamfering grindstone 26B, respectively.
Nozzles 32A, 32A are formed at the ends of the nozzle 32, respectively. Nozzles 32A, 32A are used for the chamfering grindstone 26B.
Grinding position (that is, the periphery of the glass plate 34 and the grinding surface 2)
(Contact position with 6C) so that the grinding fluid is sprayed. Therefore, the periphery of the glass plate 34 is
When grinding is performed on the grinding surface 26C of 6B, a grinding fluid can be supplied to the grinding position. At this time, since the opening 28A is substantially closed by the brushes 29, 29, the grinding fluid supplied to the grinding position is supplied to the casing 24 through the opening 28A.
Do not fly outside.

In the present embodiment, as described below, the glass plate 3
By moving No. 4, the chamfering grindstone 26B and the glass plate 34 are relatively moved. Chamfering whetstone 26B
When the glass plate 34 is moved, the grinding liquid is scattered around and the working environment is deteriorated. Therefore, it is preferable to move the glass plate 34. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the glass plate suction device 16 is provided in front of the grinding wheel rotating device 12. The glass plate adsorption device 16 is X─
table 80, and the X─θ table 80 is supported so as to be movable in the X direction and rotatable in the θ direction with respect to the glass plate moving device 18 described later. On the upper surface of the X─θ table 80, a large number of round hole openings 82 are arranged in a lattice, and these round hole openings 82 are connected to a vacuum pump (not shown) through a vacuum passage formed inside the X─θ table 80. ). The lower ends of a large number of suction adapters 84 formed in a substantially cylindrical shape and provided with an elastic body such as rubber at the upper end thereof are fitted into the round hole openings 82. Thus, when the vacuum pump is operated with the glass plate 34 placed on the X─θ table 80, the glass plate 34 is fixed to the upper ends of the multiple suction adapters 84 by suction.

The glass plate moving device 18 includes a rotary motor (A
C-servo motor) and a linear motor (both not shown), and when the rotary motor operates, the X-θ table 80 rotates in the θ direction. On the other hand, when the linear motor is operated, the X-θ table 80 moves in the X direction. When the linear motion motor is operated to move the X-θ table 80 in the X direction, the glass plate 34 attached to the X-θ table 80 via the suction adapters 84 contacts the brushes 29, 29 while opening the opening 28A. Through the wheel cover 28 (see FIG. 2). Glass plate 34 penetrating into wheel cover 28
Has a peripheral edge in contact with the grinding surface 26C of the chamfering grindstone 26B. Then, the rotation motor is operated and the X-θ table 80 is operated.
Is rotated in the θ direction, so that the glass plate 34 rotates in the θ direction.
It is ground and chamfered by the grinding surface 26C of 6B.

The glass plate moving device 18 moves the X-θ table 80 along a predetermined trajectory by operating a rotation motor (AC servo motor) and a linear motion motor (both not shown). In other words, the periphery of the plate is ground by so-called absolute control. When the wheel diameter D is reduced due to wear of the chamfering grindstone 26B, the edge of the glass plate 34 and the chamfering grindstone 26B abut on the chamfering grindstone 26B with an appropriate pressing force to shift to a chamfering track for chamfering the glass periphery. Occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to correct the movement trajectory by the X-θ table 80 by an amount corresponding to the decrease in the wheel diameter D of the chamfering grindstone 26B.

Further, the height position of the deepest portion P of the grinding surface 26C for determining the wheel diameter D (replacement of the chamfering grindstone in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the glass plate 34) due to replacement or uneven wear of the chamfering grindstone 26B. The relative position between 26 and the table 80: see FIG. 8) may be shifted up and down with respect to the reference height. The uneven wear is, for example, that the end face of the glass sheet before the chamfering process is flat and the edge of this portion is ground more, so that the upper and lower positions thereof are more likely to be worn than the center of the ground surface 26C. caused by. Therefore, processing defects may occur. Therefore, in this case as well, it is necessary to correct the position of the chamfering grindstone 26 in the height direction by the deviation.

Next, a laser measuring device 30 for automatically measuring the shape of the chamfering grindstone 26B will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the laser measuring device 30 is provided on a side portion of the casing 24. The laser measuring device 30 has a laser displacement sensor 90 for projecting / receiving a laser therein.
The light projecting unit and the light receiving unit 0 are arranged so as to face the inside of the casing 24 from the opening 25 formed in the casing 24 as shown in FIG.

The laser displacement sensor 90 is fixed to a nut 92 which also serves as a moving block for an LM (linear motion) guide. The nut 92 is screwed to a screw rod 94 constituting a ball screw.
Are connected. Therefore, when the motor 96 is driven, the laser displacement sensor 90 moves up and down along the guide rail 98 of the LM guide due to the feeding action of the ball screw and the linear motion of the LM guide. This allows
The chamfering grindstone 26 located at the measurement position indicated by the position A in FIG.
The shape of the ground surface 26C of the laser displacement sensor 90
Can be measured.

On the other hand, the spindle motor 22 of the grinding wheel rotating device 12 is fixed to the gantry 100. As shown in FIG. 4, the gantry 100 is provided with a moving block 106 constituting an LM (linear motion) guide, and the moving block 106 can move up and down on a rail 104 of a column 102 erected on the support 21. Is engaged. And the gantry 1
00 is moved up and down by an elevating device 108 provided on the support base 21. As the grinding wheel rotating device 12 moves up and down, the grinding wheel 26B for chamfering moves to the grinding position B in the wheel cover 28 via the measurement position A of the laser measuring device 30 and stops.

When the grinding wheel rotating device 12 is moved up and down, the lower body 110 of the grinding wheel rotating device 12 is housed in a casing 24. As the elevating device 108, a ball screw mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism, a linear motor mechanism, or the like can be used, but is not limited thereto.
Any material can be used as long as it can accurately stop the deepest portion P (see FIG. 8) of the grinding surface 26C of the grinding wheel 26B at the grinding position B.

Next, a control device for correcting the trajectory and the height position of the chamfering grindstone 26B using the laser displacement sensor 90 will be described with reference to FIG. The control device shown in FIG.
12, the laser displacement sensor 90, the motor 96 for raising and lowering the laser displacement sensor 90, the glass plate moving device 18,
The lifting device 108 and the like are collectively controlled.

As described above, the laser displacement sensor 90 includes the laser light projecting portion 90A and the light receiving portion 90B of the reflected laser beam emitted from the light projecting portion 90A and reflected by the chamfering grindstone 26B. The laser light received by the light receiving unit 90B during the shape measurement by the laser displacement sensor 90 is signal-processed by a light-receiving signal processing unit 114, A / D converted by an A / D converter 116, and output to the CPU 112. Output as a signal. The CPU 112 creates shape data of the grinding surface 26C of the chamfering grindstone 26B based on the output signal,
Based on the shape data, a distance L from the laser displacement sensor 90 to the deepest portion P of the ground surface 26C is calculated. Then, the CPU 112 reads the distance L0 (a reference distance from the laser displacement sensor 90 for chamfering the glass plate 34 to the deepest part P) according to the design value, which is stored in the memory 118 in advance, and reads the read distance. By subtracting L0 from the distance L, the wear amount a of the chamfering grindstone 26B is calculated. Then, the CPU 112 creates a trajectory correction signal for correcting the movement trajectory based on the wear amount a, and outputs the trajectory correction signal to the glass plate moving device 18. As a result, the previous trajectory of the glass plate moving device 18 is corrected to a new trajectory for chamfering the glass plate 34 as designed. The CPU 112 calculates the wheel diameter D of the grinding wheel 26B in addition to the amount of wear a. Wheel diameter D is (AL) ×
(A: a known distance from the laser displacement sensor 90 to the wheel axis).

The CPU 112 is provided with the chamfering grindstone 2.
The height T of the deepest portion P with respect to the reference position is calculated based on the shape data of 6B. Then, the CPU 112
The height T0 previously stored in the memory 118 (glass plate 3
4 is read as a design value), and the read height T0 is subtracted from the height T to obtain a positional shift amount of the deepest portion P in the height direction. b is calculated. Then, the CPU 112 controls the lifting / lowering device 108 such that the displacement amount b becomes zero. Thus, the deepest portion P of the chamfering grindstone 26B is corrected to the reference position T0.

The control device is provided with a keyboard 120 as an external input device. This keyboard 1
20 to adjust the moving trajectory, the deepest part P
Height adjustment and information previously stored in the memory 118 can be manually input. The CPU 112 drives and controls the dresser 20 when it is determined that dressing is necessary based on the shape data of the ground surface 26C. Thereby, the grinding surface 26 </ b> C is dressed by the dresser 20. If the CPU 112 determines based on the shape data that there is a large amount of wear and a defect such as a chip that cannot be sharpened by dressing, the CPU 112 controls an alarm device (not shown) to control the chamfering grindstone. Generate an alarm indicating replacement of 26B.

The shape measurement timing by the laser displacement sensor 90 may be carried out for each glass plate 34, but it is carried out when the chamfering grindstone 26B is exchanged and when the processing of a unit number (for example, 1000) is completed. Is preferable in terms of processing efficiency. Next, the operation of the chamfering device 10 configured as described above will be described. With the new grinding wheel 26B set in the grinding wheel rotating device 12, the grinding wheel rotating device 12 is lowered by the elevating device 108, and the grinding wheel 26B is stopped at the position located at the measurement position A of the laser measuring device 30. .
Then, the chamfering grindstone 26B is formed by the shape measuring method described above.
The shape of the ground surface 26C is measured by the laser measuring device 30. Then, the measured distance L and height T are stored in the memory 1.
The reference distance L0 and the reference height T0 stored in advance in the memory 18 are compared with each other, and if they are misaligned, the trajectory and the height are corrected.

After the correction is completed, the grindstone rotating device 12 is lowered by the lifting device 108 to stop the chamfering grindstone 26B at the grinding position B in the wheel cover 28. In this case, since the height is corrected even if the height is shifted, the deepest portion P of the chamfering grindstone 26B is surely located at the grinding position B. On the other hand, the glass plate 34 enters the wheel cover 28 by the movement of the X-θ table 80 in the X direction, and its peripheral edge is pressed against the ground surface 26C of the chamfering wheel 26B. The glass plate 34 is moved along a predetermined movement trajectory by rotation of the X-θ table 80 in the θ direction and movement in the X direction, and the entire periphery is chamfered. In this case, the glass plate 34 can be chamfered according to the design value because the movement trajectory is corrected even if it is shifted.

Then, after a certain period of time of the chamfering operation or when the chamfering of a certain number of glass plates 34 is completed, the shape of the chamfering grindstone 26B is measured again by the laser measuring device 30 as described above. Then, the measurement result is compared with a previously input reference value, and based on the comparison result, the CPU 112 performs a trajectory correction and a height correction in the next chamfering operation.

As described above, in the chamfering device 10, since the laser measuring device 30 for measuring the shape of the chamfering grindstone 26B is provided in the grindstone rotating device 12, the chamfering grindstone 26B is provided every time the measurement is performed.
It is not necessary to remove B from the grinding wheel rotating device 12. Therefore, work efficiency can be improved. In addition, since the trajectory and the height are automatically corrected based on the result measured by the laser measuring device 30, there is no occurrence of human-made measurement errors or input errors as in the related art. Therefore, the correction can be performed accurately, quickly, and easily.

It is preferable to automatically output a replacement signal when the shape of the chamfering grindstone 26B is measured and the wear amount is determined to be large enough to require replacement. After the replacement of the chamfering grindstone, it is preferable to measure the shape of the replaced chamfering grindstone and correct the orbit and the height again. Further, by utilizing the linearity of the laser beam using the laser measuring device 30, a change in the wheel diameter and an amount of wear can be measured in μ units. Furthermore, by measuring the shortest diameter (wheel diameter D) of the grinding surface of the grindstone with the laser measuring device 30, the pressing force when the glass plate 34 and the chamfering grindstone 26B abut is accurately grasped. Therefore, the chamfering accuracy can be improved.

In the present embodiment, the chamfering device 10 for chamfering the peripheral edge of the glass plate 34 has been described as a plate-shaped body grinding device. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can be applied to a grinding device for chamfering a plate-like body such as a plate, a metal plate, and a plastic plate. Also, the example of the chamfering grindstone 26 has been described as the grindstone.

Further, although a laser measuring device was used as a shape measuring device, the present invention is not limited to this. Since the wear amount of the wheel diameter of the grindstone is in μ units, a laser measuring device using laser light is preferable in consideration of measurement accuracy. Also,
In the present embodiment, the chamfering device for chamfering the glass plate 34 while holding the glass plate 34 in the horizontal direction has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can also be applied to a chamfering device that changes the direction of the chamfering grindstone 26 and the table 80 by 90 degrees and chamfers the periphery of the glass plate 34 while holding the glass plate 34 in the vertical direction. In this case, the correction of the relative positional deviation between the chamfering grindstone 26 and the table 80 in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the glass plate 34 is performed by moving the chamfering grindstone 26 or the table 80 in the horizontal direction.

[0033]

As described above, according to the method and apparatus for grinding a plate-like body according to the present invention, a shape measuring means for measuring the shape of a grindstone is provided in a grinding apparatus, and the measurement result measured by the shape measuring means is obtained. , The moving path and the relative position of the grindstone and the table in the direction orthogonal to the plane of the plate-like body are both corrected, so that both can be automatically corrected.

Further, according to the present invention, since the non-contact type laser outer diameter measuring means is applied as the shape measuring means, the shape of the grindstone can be measured accurately, quickly and easily.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example in which a plate-shaped body grinding apparatus according to the present invention is applied to a glass sheet chamfering apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view illustrating the vicinity of a chamfering grindstone of the chamfering device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a grinding wheel for chamfering.

FIG. 4 is a side view illustrating a laser outer diameter measuring device applied to the chamfering device of FIG. 1;

5 is a side view of the laser outer diameter measuring device shown in FIG. 4 in another direction.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the laser outer diameter measuring device shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a top view of the chamfering device shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a control block diagram for performing a trajectory correction and a height correction using a laser measuring device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Chamfering device 12 ... Whetstone rotating device 16 ... Glass plate adsorption device 18 ... Glass plate moving device 22 ... Spindle motor 26B ... Chamfering whetstone 30 ... Laser measuring device 34 ... Glass plate (plate-like body) 90 ... Laser displacement Sensor 108: Lifting device 112: CPU

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A plate-like body is fixed on a table, and the table and the grindstone are preliminarily placed so that the grindstone abuts on the periphery of the plate-like body and is along the periphery of the plate-like body. In the plate-like body grinding method of relatively moving along the set movement trajectory and grinding the periphery of the plate-like body with the grindstone, before the grinding wheel is brought into contact with the periphery of the plate-like body, the grinding wheel And correcting the relative position of the whetstone and the table in a direction perpendicular to the moving trajectory and / or the surface of the plate-like body based on the measurement result of the shape of the whetstone. Grinding method of plate-like body. 2. A table to which a plate-like body is fixed, a grindstone for grinding the periphery of the plate-like body, and a predetermined movement of the grindstone and the table along the periphery of the grindstone or the glass plate. A moving means for relatively moving along a trajectory; and a plate-shaped body grinding apparatus for grinding the periphery of the plate-shaped body with the whetstone, wherein the grinding device has a shape for measuring a shape of the whetstone. A measuring unit, and a controller that corrects the relative position between the whetstone and the table in a direction orthogonal to the surface of the plate-shaped body based on the measurement result measured by the shape measuring unit. An apparatus for grinding a plate-shaped body. 3. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said shape measuring means is a laser measuring means using a laser beam. 4. The controller according to claim 1, wherein the controller determines a dressing time of the grinding wheel and a replacement time of the grinding wheel based on a measurement result measured by the shape measuring means, and outputs a signal indicating the timing when the determination is made. 3. The apparatus for grinding a plate-like body according to claim 2, wherein: