JPH11266573A - Two-phase reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a two-phase reluctance motor which is able to obtain necessary torque at start, at whatever position the rotor may be stopped and to start without fail. SOLUTION: This motor is equipped with a stator 4, where windings 6 are wound severally on the plural magnetic pole projections 5a-5h provided at the inside periphery, and a rotor 2 where plural magnetic pole projections 3a-3d are provided at the outside periphery. In this case, at least one magnetic pole projection 3a-3d of the rotor 2 is made into an asymmetrical form, provided with a projection 8a-8d in the direction of rotation, and the magnetic pole projections in asymmetrical form including the projections 8a-8d always face opposite so as to astride over the adjacent two of the magnetic pole projections 5a-5h of the stator 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a two-phase reluctance motor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The structure of a well-known two-phase reluctance motor will be described below. FIG. 12 is a sectional view showing a typical two-phase reluctance motor.
In the figure, 1 is an output shaft, 2 is a rotor, 3a to 3d are magnetic pole projections of a rotor, 4 is a stator, 5a to 5h are magnetic pole projections of a stator, 6 is a winding, 7 is a gap, and 9 is insulating. Reference numeral 12 denotes a groove.

[0003] The rotor 2 is arranged around the output shaft 1,
A plurality of, in this case four, magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3d of the rotor having the same shape with the same interval, and a plurality of
For example, it is configured by laminating 100 or more electromagnetic steel sheets. Further, the stator 4 is arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 2 with a gap 7 therebetween, and has a plurality of, for example, eight magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h of the same shape having the same interval. A groove 12 is provided between each of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator, and the winding 6 is wound around the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator through the groove 12. An insulating portion 13 is provided between the winding 6 and the magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h so as to surround the groove 12. The stator 4 is the rotor 2
Similarly to the above, it is constituted by a laminated steel plate in which a plurality of, for example, 100 or more electromagnetic steel plates are laminated in the axial direction.

[0006] The phase of the winding 6 wound around each of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h is wound so that the A phase and the B phase alternate. In addition, the combination of the magnetic pole projections of the stator and the magnetic pole projections of the rotor is equal to the number 2N (N
Are arbitrary integers), and the magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3d of the rotor
Is configured to be half the number of magnetic pole projections of the stator, that is, N.

Next, the driving principle of this motor will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13 is a magnetic field diagram showing how magnetic lines of force are generated when a current flows through the coil when the relative positions of the stator and the rotor are different. In the figure, the mark x indicates the current flowing downward with respect to the paper surface, and the mark ● indicates the current flowing upward with respect to the paper surface. As shown in FIG. 13 (a), when the positional relationship between the magnetic pole projections of the stator and the magnetic pole projections of the rotor is not opposed to each other but is shifted, the winding of the A-phase winding is When magnetized in the direction, the magnetic force lines 16 flow in a curved manner from the corners of the pole projection teeth of the stator to the corners of the pole projection teeth of the rotor.
At this time, since the magnetic force lines 16 are in a magnetically unstable state, a magnetic attraction force acts in the magnetically most stable direction in which the magnetic force lines 16 flow straight, and the rotor 2 rotates counterclockwise. When the rotor 2 reaches the most magnetically stable position as shown in FIG. 13 (b), the magnetic attraction does not act at all in the rotating direction. At this position, no torque is generated and only the inertial force acts. Then, by switching the excitation from the A phase to the B phase, a magnetically unstable state is created again, and torque can be obtained in the rotational direction.

As described above, by sequentially switching the phases to be excited according to the relative positions of the rotor 2 and the stator 4, it is possible to obtain a continuous torque in the rotational direction. At this time, assuming that the current flowing through the winding is i, the inductance of the winding is L, and the position of the rotor is θ, the generated torque T can be expressed by Expression (1) in a range where magnetic saturation does not occur. T = (１ ／) · i · i · dL / dθ (1) That is, the torque is proportional to the square of the current and the change in the winding inductance with respect to the position of the rotor.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the distribution of torque with respect to the rotor position of the motor shown in FIG. 12 calculated by electromagnetic field analysis using the finite element method. In the figure, the horizontal axis indicates the rotational position of the rotor (rotor position; deg), and the vertical axis indicates the torque. The solid line is the torque distribution when the phase A is excited, and the broken line is the torque distribution when the phase B is excited. As shown in FIG. 12, the position where the magnetic pole projection 3a of the rotor completely faces the magnetic pole projection 5a of the stator is set to 0.0deg.
And

As shown in FIG. 14, the torque distribution is substantially trapezoidal in both phases, and the positive and negative directions of the torque do not depend on the direction of the current flowing through the winding. It is uniquely determined by the phase relationship of the rotor. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-203847 discloses an electric drive device including the above-described reluctance motor.

[0009]

In the conventional two-phase reluctance motor, as shown in the torque distribution shown in FIG. 14, the position of the rotor where the A-phase and B-phase torques intersect,
For example, 0.0deg, 45.0deg, 90.0deg
.., There was a dead center 17 where no torque was generated. At the dead point 17, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, the motor is stopped with the magnetic pole projections facing each other in the positional relationship between the rotor and the stator. Occurs when you do. That is, since the torque obtained by the excitation of the windings is in a state of being exactly balanced in the positive direction and the negative direction, the mutual attractive forces cancel each other out, and as a result, the torque required for starting is obtained. And it could not be started.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and can provide a necessary torque at the time of starting, regardless of the position where the rotor is stopped. A two-phase reluctance motor is obtained.

[0011]

According to the present invention, there is provided a two-phase reluctance motor according to the present invention, wherein a stator is provided on the inner peripheral side, the number of which is an integral multiple of two, and each of which has a magnetic pole projection on which a winding is wound. And a rotor having a half of the magnetic pole projections on the outer peripheral side of the rotor.
The two magnetic pole projections are provided with protrusions on the rotation direction side to have an asymmetric shape, and the magnetic pole protrusions of the asymmetric rotor including the protrusions are always opposed to two adjacent magnetic pole protrusions of the stator. It is composed.

Further, the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present invention is provided with a protrusion protruding in the circumferential direction on a side surface on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole protrusion of the rotor.

Further, the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present invention is provided with a protrusion protruding in the circumferential direction on a side surface on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole protrusion of the rotor, and a slit provided in the protrusion. It is.

Further, the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present invention is provided with a protrusion having a notch on the outer peripheral side on the side surface of the rotor magnetic pole protrusion on the rotation direction side.

In the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present invention, a protrusion that smoothly changes from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side is provided on a side surface of the rotor magnetic pole projection on the rotation direction side.

In the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present invention, in a part of a laminating direction of a rotor formed by laminating electromagnetic steel plates, a protrusion protruding in a circumferential direction is provided on a side surface on a rotation direction side of a magnetic pole protrusion. It is provided.

Further, the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present invention is formed by shifting the magnetic pole projections of the rotor toward the rotation direction at the end in the laminating direction of the rotor formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets of the same shape. The protruding portion is formed by a skew portion.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, a two-phase reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the respective drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same components. FIG. 1 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a two-phase reluctance motor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the drawing, 1 is an output shaft, 2 is a rotor, 3a to 3d are magnetic pole projections of the rotor, 4 is a stator, 5a to 5h are magnetic pole projections of the stator, 6 is a winding, 7 is a gap, 8a to 8d Denotes a projecting portion, 9 denotes an insulating portion, and 12 denotes a groove portion.

The rotor 2 is arranged around the output shaft 1,
For example, it has four magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3d of a rotor having the same shape as the same interval, and a plurality of magnetic pole protrusions, for example, 1 in the axial direction of rotation.
It is configured by laminating 00 or more electromagnetic steel sheets. In addition, the stator 4 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 2 with a gap 7 therebetween, and has magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h of a shape that is an integral multiple of 2, for example, eight equal intervals. Slots 12 are provided between the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator, and the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator are passed through the groove 12.
Are concentratedly wound by the windings 6 around. Winding 6
The insulating portion 1 made of a non-magnetic film material or the like surrounds the groove portion 12 between the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h.
3 are provided. Like the rotor 2, the stator 4 is formed of a laminated steel sheet in which a plurality of, for example, 100 or more electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated in the axial direction.

The phases of the windings 6 wound around the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h are connected at their ends so that two different phases (A phase and B phase) are alternately arranged. Also, the combination of the magnetic pole projections of the stator and the magnetic pole projections of the rotor is such that the number of magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is 2N (N is an arbitrary integer) of the number of magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator. , The number of the magnetic pole projections of the stator, that is, N.

The magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor are asymmetrical, and are provided with protrusions 8a to 8d extending in the circumferential direction on the side surface on the rotation direction side. These projections 8a-
Numeral 8d is made of a magnetic material, and the circumferential length of each of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor including the protrusions 8a to 8d is equal to the circumferential length of one of the magnetic pole projections of the stator.
, And is configured to face a part of the next magnetic pole projection separated by the groove 12. The rotor of the two-phase reluctance motor shown in FIG. 1 rotates counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow. The method for manufacturing a two-phase reluctance motor according to the present embodiment has a thickness of 0.2 to 0.5.
By punching out a sheet of electromagnetic steel sheet of about mm using a mold to generate a core punch and laminating a predetermined number of sheets, it can be easily realized using a conventional manufacturing apparatus.

Next, the detailed dimensions of each part of the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present embodiment will be described. here,
The circumferential length of the tip of the magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h of the stator, that is, the width of the tip is Ls2, the width of the stator other than the tip of the magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h is Ls1, and the rotation excluding the protrusions 8a to 8d. The width of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the stator is Lr1, the length of the protrusions 8a to 8d in the circumferential direction is Lr2, the width of the core back portion of the stator 4 is Lc,
Assuming that the inner diameter of the stator 4 is D1, and the number of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator is N, the respective dimensions are expressed by the following equations (2) to
It is configured to satisfy (6).

1.4 · π · D1 / (2 · N) ≦ Ls2 ≦ 1.9 · π · D1 / (2 · N) ·· (2) 0.9 · Ls2 ≦ Lr1 ≦ 1.3 · Ls2 ·· (3) 0.8 · π・ D1 / (2 ・ N) ≦ Ls1 ≦ 1.3 ・ π ・ D1 / (2 ・ N) ・ ・ (4) 0.4 ・ Ls1 ≦ Lc ≦ 0.6 ・ Ls1 ・ ・ (5) 0.25 ・ Lr1 ≦ Lr2 ≦ 0.5 ・ Lr1・ ・ (6)

Equations (2) and (3) are terms caused by the motor torque. When the width Ls2 of the tip of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator does not satisfy the equation (2), the torque is effective. And the efficiency is degraded. For example, FIG. 2 shows a result of calculating a torque distribution with respect to a rotor position by a magnetic field analysis for a motor having a configuration that does not satisfy Expression (2).
The horizontal axis indicates the position of the rotor (rotor position; deg), and the vertical axis indicates the torque. That is, the width Ls2 of the tip of the magnetic pole projection is
π · D 1 / (2 · N) and the torque distribution of the motor where Ls 2 = Lr 1. When the dimension of Ls 2 is smaller than the range of the equation (2), the section where the torque is generated becomes shorter,
This results in a decrease in torque and an increase in torque ripple. This is because as the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator in the excitation phase and the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor move away from each other, the action of the magnetic attraction force is reduced. further,
From FIG. 2, when the positional relationship between the magnetic pole projections 5 a to 5 h of the stator and the magnetic pole projections 3 a to 3 d is at a position where the A-phase and B-phase torque curves intersect, either the A-phase or the B-phase There is a dead center 17 where no torque is generated even when the phases are excited. If the rotor 2 is stopped at this position, the positive and negative suction forces are canceled out, and the torque required for starting cannot be obtained,
The motor cannot be driven.

In this embodiment, the magnetic pole projections 5a of the stator are provided.
Width Ls2 of the tip of the rotor and the magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3d of the rotor
Is set to a range that satisfies the equations (2) and (3). That is, the overlapping range of the tip of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator and the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is increased, the section where the magnetic attraction force acts is increased, and the section where torque is generated is increased. Further, a protruding portion 8a is provided on the rotation direction side of the rotor.
To 8d. Therefore, the action of the magnetic attraction between the protrusions 8a to 8d and the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator increases the attraction in the positive direction with respect to the attraction in the negative direction,
It is possible to generate the torque required for starting.

For example, in FIG. 1, the magnetic pole projection 3b is
c, and the protrusion 8b provided in the rotation direction is opposed to a part of the adjacent magnetic pole protrusion 5d.
In this state, when the coils wound around the magnetic pole projections 5d and 5b of the motor stopped are energized by excitation, the magnetic pole projections 3
b, the protrusion 8b and the magnetic projection 5d are stronger than the magnetic force formed by the magnetic projection 3b and the magnetic projection 5b. That is, the suction force in the positive direction becomes larger than the suction force in the negative direction, and the motor can start rotating.
In this way, the suction force acts regardless of the position where the rotor is stopped, and a two-phase reluctance motor that can be reliably started can be obtained.

FIG. 3 shows the result of calculating the torque distribution of the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present embodiment by electromagnetic field analysis using the finite element method. The horizontal axis represents the position of the rotor (rotor position; deg). The vertical axis indicates torque. For example, B-phase torque is generated before A-phase torque becomes zero. Due to this phenomenon, no matter where the rotor 2 is, torque can be generated without a dead center,
The motor can be reliably started. On the other hand, if the dimension of Ls2 is larger than the upper limit of the equation (2), the leakage magnetic flux increases, which causes a decrease in efficiency.

The dimension of Ls1 is determined within a range where magnetic saturation does not occur due to excitation of the winding 6. This can be determined so that magnetic saturation does not occur by obtaining the amount of magnetic flux passing through the cross section of Ls1 from the current value necessary for obtaining the rated torque of the motor and the winding inductance. Also, the dimension of Lc is determined within a range that does not cause magnetic saturation. In this case, since the magnetic flux that has passed through the cross section of Ls1 branches off the core back of the stator 4 in two directions, it is desirable that the dimension of Lc be about half the dimension of Ls1.

In the two-phase reluctance motor configured as described above, the rotor pole projections 3a to 3d are provided with circumferentially extending projections 8a to 8d on the side surfaces on the rotation direction side of the rotor. The pole projections have an asymmetric shape,
The motor is configured to be always opposed to two adjacent magnetic pole projections of the stator, so that the motor can be started reliably regardless of the position of the magnetic pole projections of the rotor with respect to the magnetic pole projections of the stator. Thus, a two-phase reluctance motor having good torque characteristics and high efficiency can be obtained.

In the above configuration, the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of all the rotors have asymmetric shapes, and the projections 8a to 8d are provided on each of them. At least one of the magnetic pole projections is asymmetric. If a protrusion is provided as a shape, a certain effect can be obtained when the motor is started. That is, when the motor is energized by energizing the winding when the motor is started, at least 1
The torque can be generated by the two magnetic pole projections, and the motor can be started reliably.

Embodiment 2 FIG. 4 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a two-phase reluctance motor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the drawing, 1 is an output shaft, 2 is a rotor, 3a to 3a
d is a magnetic pole projection of a rotor, 4 is a stator, 5a to 5h are magnetic pole projections of a stator, 6 is a winding, 7 is a gap, 9 is an insulating portion, 10
a to 10d are slit portions, 11a to 11d are thin portions, 1
2 is a groove. Also in the present embodiment, the number of the magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h of the stator is set to, for example, 8 as an integral multiple of 2;
The number of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is half that of the four configuration.

The rotor 2 of the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present embodiment is disposed around the output shaft 1 and has N (N: an integer), for example, four magnetic pole projections 3a of the same shape having the same interval. To 3d, and is configured by laminating a plurality of, for example, 100 or more electromagnetic steel sheets in the axial direction of rotation. Further, the stator 4 is provided with a gap 7 around the outer periphery of the rotor 2.
, And has 2N, for example eight, magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator having the same shape and the same interval. A groove 12 is provided between each of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator.
Concentrated winding by the winding 6 is provided around 5h. Between the winding 6 and the magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h, an insulating portion 13 made of a non-magnetic film material or the like is provided so as to surround the groove 12. The stator 4 is similar to the rotor 2,
It is constituted by a laminated steel sheet in which a plurality of, for example, 100 or more electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated in the axial direction.

The phases of the windings wound around the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h are connected at their ends so that two different phases (A phase and B phase) are alternately arranged. Further, the magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3
d is an asymmetrical shape, and a slit portion 10a to 10d and a thin portion 11a
To 11d are provided. This slit portion 10a-1
Reference numeral 0d denotes a space or a non-magnetic material such as resin, and thin portions 11a to 1d surrounding the slit portions 10a to 10d.
1d is made of a magnetic material. Also, the magnetic pole projections 3a of the rotor
To 3d each have a shape having straight sides on both sides. The circumferential length of each of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is set to one circumferential length of the magnetic pole projection of the stator by the thin portions 11a to 11d. It is longer than the added length, and is configured to face a part of the next magnetic pole projection separated by the groove 12. The rotor of the two-phase reluctance motor shown in FIG. 4 rotates counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow. In the method for manufacturing a two-phase reluctance motor according to the present embodiment, a core punch is formed by punching out a sheet of electromagnetic steel sheet having a thickness of about 0.2 to 0.5 mm using a mold, and a predetermined number of sheets are laminated. Thus, it can be easily realized using a conventional manufacturing apparatus.

Assuming that the circumferential length of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is Lr1 and the circumferential length of the thin portions 11a to 11d is Lr3, for example, the range is set to satisfy the equation (7).

0.25 · Lr1 ≤ Lr3 ≤ 0.5 · Lr1 · · (7)

As described above, the protrusions are provided on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor to have an asymmetric shape, and the protrusions on the rotation direction side have slits 10a to 10d and thin portions 11a to 11d. By providing the thin portions 11a-
By the action of magnetic attraction between 11d and the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator, the attraction in the positive direction is increased with respect to the attraction in the negative direction, and it is possible to generate the torque required for starting.

For example, in FIG.
c, and the thin portion 11b provided in the rotating direction faces a part of the adjacent magnetic pole projection 5d.
In this state, when the coils wound around the magnetic pole projections 5d and 5b of the motor stopped are energized by excitation, the magnetic pole projections 3
b, the thin portion 11b, and the magnetic force formed by the magnetic pole protrusion 5d are stronger than the magnetic force formed by the magnetic pole protrusion 3b and the magnetic pole protrusion 5b. That is, the suction force in the positive direction becomes larger than the suction force in the negative direction, and the motor can start rotating.
In this way, the suction force acts regardless of the position where the rotor is stopped, and a two-phase reluctance motor that can be reliably started can be obtained.

Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the shape of the thin portion, which is the magnetic material on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole projections of the rotor, is a closed shape surrounding the slit portion. A two-phase reluctance motor having superior strength can be realized.

In the above configuration, the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of all the rotors have asymmetric shapes, each of which is provided with the slit portions 10a to 10d and the thin portions 11a to 11d. If the two magnetic pole projections are formed in an asymmetric shape and the slit portion and the thin portion are provided, a certain effect can be obtained when the motor is started. That is, when the motor is energized by energizing the windings when the motor is started, torque can be generated by at least one magnetic pole projection, and the motor can be started reliably.

Embodiment 3 In the first and second embodiments, electromagnetic steel sheets having the same shape are laminated in the axial direction,
The rotor was configured. In the two-phase reluctance motor according to the third embodiment, a description will be given of a rotor configured by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets having different shapes in the axial direction. FIG.
6 and 7 show a reluctance motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows the magnetic pole projection 3a of the rotor.
FIG. 6 is a side view when viewed from the outer peripheral side, and FIG.
FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line A-B of FIG. 5. Since the structure of the stator is the same as that of the first embodiment, it is not shown here. In FIG. 5, the number of electromagnetic steel sheets laminated in the axial direction is largely omitted.

The rotor is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets having a thickness of about 0.5 mm in the shape of the rotor in the axial direction. In the cross section taken along the line AA near both end faces of the laminated core, as shown in FIG. 6, the rotor has an asymmetrical shape of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor and protrudes in the direction of rotation. It has a structure having portions 8a to 8d. On the other hand, in the section taken along the line BB, the protrusion 8a
８8d, which is symmetrical and has the shape of a magnetic pole projection having parallel straight sides as in the conventional case. Also,
In the present embodiment, asymmetric steel plates are arranged, for example, at the upper end and the lower end in the axial direction of the rotor.

When the rotor is constructed as described above, when the motor is energized by energizing the windings at the time of starting the motor, torque is generated in the magnetic pole projections having the projections 8a to 8d, so that at least a part of the magnetic pole projections in the axial direction is generated. Thus, torque can be generated, and the motor can be reliably started. Furthermore, an inexpensive two-phase reluctance motor can be realized without reducing the mechanical strength as compared with the case where the protrusions are provided on the steel plates constituting all the rotors in the axial direction.

The lamination position of the steel plate having the protruding portion is as follows:
The present invention is not limited to the above, and may be at any position in the axial direction of the rotor. Alternatively, a plurality of sheets may be concentrated and stacked, or one by one may be sparsely inserted into a symmetric steel plate. The ratio of the steel sheet shown in FIG. 6 to the steel sheet shown in FIG.
Any degree is acceptable.

In this embodiment, the cross section taken along line AA is an asymmetric steel plate having a protruding portion 8. Instead of this structure, the protruding portion as shown in the second embodiment is replaced with a thin portion. The same effect can be obtained by using an asymmetric steel plate having a slit.

Embodiment 4 FIG. 8 is a side view of a magnetic pole projection 3a of a rotor of a reluctance motor according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention when viewed from the outer peripheral side surface. In the figure,
Reference numeral 13 denotes a skew portion disposed at one end in the axial direction.
The cross-sectional structure of the rotor is a structure in which rotor steel plates having straight surfaces parallel to both sides of the magnetic pole projections of the rotor shown in FIG. 7 are stacked. Further, one end in the axial direction has a structure in which a skew inclined in the rotation direction is given. The skew portion 13 can be easily realized by forming the rotors all from steel plates having the same shape and laminating the steel plates at one end while rotating the steel plates at a predetermined angle and shifting the steel plates little by little.

The skew portion 13 is formed by inclining a portion of about 1/10 to 1/4 of the entire length in the axial direction. On the side surface, the distance Sr4 between the tip of the skew portion 13 and the side surface in the rotation direction of the magnetic pole projections of the rotor other than the skew portion is defined as the circumferential length of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor being Lr1. At this time, for example, the range satisfies Expression (8).

0.25 · Lr1 ≦ Lr4 ≦ 0.5 · Lr1 (8)

As described above, the skew portion 13 is provided at the end in the axial direction.
Is provided, a portion of the magnetic pole projections of the rotor in the axial direction has a shape protruding in the rotation direction in the circumferential direction, so that a magnetic attraction force acts between the protruding portions and the magnetic pole projections of the stator. Thereby, the torque distribution becomes asymmetric, and a two-phase reluctance motor with improved starting characteristics can be realized. The skew portion 13 is 1/1 of the entire length in the axial direction.
Although the portion of about 0 to 1/4 is inclined,
If it is less than about / 10, the magnetic attraction force acting at the time of startup is small, and if it is more than about 1/4, the rotation of the rotor becomes unstable and the efficiency as a motor deteriorates. In the above description, the skew portion 13 is provided at the upper end in the stacking direction of the rotor. However, the skew portion 13 may be provided so as to protrude in the rotation direction at the lower end in the stacking direction. It may be provided so as to protrude in the direction side.

In the above description, the skew portion 13 is formed by shifting a single steel plate little by little. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of sheets may be shifted at a time, or the entire skew portion 13 may be shifted by Lr4. May be laminated. In this case as well, the effect of improving the starting characteristics by the magnetic attraction force acting to make the torque distribution asymmetric is obtained in the same manner as described above. However, the rotor having a configuration in which the steel plates are slightly displaced rotates from the left to the right in FIG. When the rotor rotates, the skew 13
The portion which is slightly shifted and protrudes serves to push the wind obliquely upward, and it is possible to effectively cool the stator winding. As a result, the temperature rise can be reduced, more current can flow, and the torque per volume can be increased.

Embodiment 5 FIG. 9 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a two-phase reluctance motor according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In the drawing, 1 is an output shaft, 2 is a rotor, 3a to 3a
d is a magnetic pole projection of the rotor, 4 is a stator, 5a to 5h are magnetic pole projections of the stator, 6 is a winding, 7 is a gap, 8a to 8d are protruding portions, 9 is an insulating portion, 12 is a groove portion, and 14a to 14d. 14d is a notch.

The rotor 2 is disposed around the output shaft 1 and
It has N (N; integer), for example, four magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor having the same shape with the same interval, and is formed by laminating a plurality of, for example, 100 or more electromagnetic steel sheets in the axial direction of rotation. ing. In addition, the stator 4 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 2 with a gap 7 therebetween, and has 2N, for example, eight magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h of the same shape having the same interval.
A groove 12 is provided between each of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator.
Are provided, and the magnetic pole protrusions 5 of the stator are passed through the grooves 12.
Concentrated winding by the winding 6 is provided around a to 5h. Between the winding 6 and the magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h, an insulating portion 13 made of a non-magnetic film material or the like is provided so as to surround the groove 12. Like the rotor 2, the stator 4 is formed of a laminated steel sheet in which a plurality of, for example, 100 or more electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated in the axial direction.

The phases of the windings wound around the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h are connected at their ends so that two different phases (A phase and B phase) alternate. Further, the magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3
Projections 8a to 8d extending in the circumferential direction are provided on the rotation direction side of d, and have an asymmetric shape. This protrusion 8a
8d is made of a magnetic material, and has a notch 14a
To 14d. Then, the magnetic pole protrusion 3a of the rotor
3d have straight side surfaces on both sides.

The circumferential length of each of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is determined by the circumferential length of one of the magnetic pole projections of the stator and the circumferential length of the adjacent groove 12 by the protrusions 8a to 8d. It is longer than the added length, and is configured to face a part of the next magnetic pole projection separated by the groove 12. Also,
The notches 14a to 14d are provided so as to be slightly larger than the distance of a gap located between the outermost periphery of the rotor 2 and the inner diameter of the stator 4. The rotor of the two-phase reluctance motor shown in FIG. 9 rotates counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow. In the method for manufacturing a two-phase reluctance motor according to the present embodiment, a core punch is formed by punching out a sheet of electromagnetic steel sheet having a thickness of about 0.2 to 0.5 mm using a mold, and a predetermined number of sheets are laminated. Thus, it can be easily realized using a conventional manufacturing apparatus.

Assuming that the circumferential length of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is Lr1 and the circumferential length of the protrusions 8a to 8d is Lr5, for example, the range is set to satisfy the equation (9). 0.25 ・ Lr1 ≦ Lr5 ≦ 0.5 ・ Lr1 ・ ・ (9)

As described above, since the protrusions 8a to 8d are provided on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3d of the rotor, the magnetic attraction between the protrusions 8a to 8d and the magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h of the stator. By the action of the force, the suction force in the positive direction is increased with respect to the suction force in the negative direction, and it is possible to generate the torque required for starting.

For example, in FIG. 9, the magnetic pole projection 3b is
c, and the protruding portion 8b provided in the rotating direction faces a part of the adjacent magnetic pole projection 5d. In this state, when the coils wound around the magnetic pole protrusions 5d and 5b of the motor stopped are energized and excited, the magnetic pole protrusions 3b
And the magnetic force formed by the protrusion 8b and the magnetic pole protrusion 5d
It becomes stronger than the magnetic force formed by the magnetic pole projections 3b and the magnetic pole projections 5b. That is, the suction force in the positive direction becomes larger than the suction force in the negative direction, and the motor can start rotating. In this way, the suction force acts regardless of the position where the rotor is stopped, and a two-phase reluctance motor that can be reliably started can be obtained.

FIG. 10 shows the result of calculating the torque distribution of the two-phase reluctance motor according to the present embodiment by electromagnetic field analysis using the finite element method. The horizontal axis represents the position of the rotor (rotor position; deg). The vertical axis indicates torque.
For example, B-phase torque is generated before A-phase torque becomes zero. Due to this phenomenon, no matter where the rotor 2 is located, torque can be generated without a dead center, and the motor can be reliably started.

In the two-phase reluctance motor configured as described above, the protrusions 8a to 8d having the cutouts 14a to 14d on the outer peripheral side are provided on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor. The magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d have asymmetric shapes so that the motor can be started reliably regardless of the position of the magnetic pole projections of the rotor with respect to the magnetic pole projections of the stator, and the torque characteristics are good and more reliable. High-efficiency two-phase reluctance motor having a high starting characteristic can be obtained.

In the above configuration, the protrusions 8a to 8d are provided on each of the magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3d of all the rotors to form an asymmetric shape. However, the protrusions are provided on at least one of the magnetic pole protrusions. If provided and made asymmetrical, a certain effect can be obtained when the motor is started. That is, when the motor is energized by energizing the winding when the motor is started, at least 1
The torque can be generated by the two magnetic pole projections, and the motor can be started reliably.

Embodiment 6 FIG. FIG. 11 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a two-phase reluctance motor according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an output shaft, 2 is a rotor, 3a to
3d is a rotor magnetic pole projection, 4 is a stator, 5a to 5h are stator magnetic pole projections, 6 is a winding, 7 is a gap, 9 is an insulating portion,
2 is a groove, and 15a to 15d are flow surface projecting portions.

The rotator 2 is arranged around the output shaft 1,
It has N (N; integer), for example, four magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor having the same shape with the same interval, and is formed by laminating a plurality of, for example, 100 or more electromagnetic steel sheets in the rotation axis direction. ing. In addition, the stator 4 is disposed on the outer peripheral portion of the rotor 2 with a gap 7 therebetween, and has 2N, for example, eight magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h of the same shape having the same interval.
A groove 12 is provided between each of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator.
Are provided, and the magnetic pole protrusions 5 of the stator are passed through the grooves 12.
Concentrated winding by the winding 6 is provided around a to 5h. Between the winding 6 and the magnetic pole protrusions 5a to 5h, an insulating portion 13 made of a non-magnetic film material or the like is provided so as to surround the groove 12. Like the rotor 2, the stator 4 is formed of a laminated steel sheet in which a plurality of, for example, 100 or more electromagnetic steel sheets are laminated in the axial direction.

The phases of the windings wound around the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h are connected at their ends so that two different phases (A phase and B phase) are alternately arranged. Further, the magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3
d has an asymmetric shape, and on the rotation direction side, there are provided flow surface protruding portions 15a to 15d which smoothly extend on the flow surface in the circumferential direction. The side surface opposite to the rotation direction has a straight side surface. The flow surface protruding portions 8a to 8d are made of a magnetic material, and have a shape in which the gap 7 between the rotor 2 and the stator 4 gradually expands.

The circumferential length of each of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is made equal to the circumferential length of one of the magnetic pole projections of the stator by the flow surface protruding portions 15a to 15d. It is configured to be longer than the added length and to face a part of the next magnetic pole projection across the groove 12. The rotor of the two-phase reluctance motor shown in FIG.
Rotate counterclockwise as indicated by the arrow. Second Embodiment
The method for manufacturing the phase reluctance motor is as follows.
By punching a sheet of electromagnetic steel sheet of about 5 mm using a mold to generate a core punch, and laminating a predetermined number of sheets,
It can be easily realized using a conventional manufacturing apparatus.

The circumferential length of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is Lr1, and the circumferential length of the flow surface protrusions 15a to 15d is Lr6.
Is set, for example, in a range that satisfies Expression (10). 0.25 ・ Lr1 ≦ Lr6 ≦ 0.5 ・ Lr1 ・ ・ (10)

As described above, since the flow surface protrusions 15a to 15d are provided on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole protrusions 3a to 3d of the rotor, the flow surface protrusions 15a to 15d and the magnetic pole protrusions 5a of the stator are provided.
By the action of the magnetic attraction force of up to 5 h, the attraction force in the positive direction is increased with respect to the attraction force in the negative direction, and it is possible to generate the torque required for starting.

For example, in FIG. 11, the magnetic pole projection 3b is opposed to the magnetic pole projection 5c, and the flow surface projection 15b provided in the rotating direction is opposed to a part of the adjacent magnetic pole projection 5d. The magnetic pole projections 5d of the motor stopped in this state,
When the winding wound around 5b is energized and excited, the magnetic force formed by the magnetic pole protrusions 3b, the flow surface protrusions 15b, and the magnetic pole protrusions 5d is larger than the magnetic force formed by the magnetic pole protrusions 3b and the magnetic pole protrusions 5b. Will be stronger than That is, the suction force in the positive direction becomes larger than the suction force in the negative direction, and the motor can start rotating. As described above, the suction force acts regardless of the position where the rotor is stopped, and the rotor can be reliably started.
A phase reluctance motor is obtained.

As described above, the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor
Two-phase reluctance with improved starting characteristics by providing flow surface protrusions 15a to 15d on the rotation direction side of the rotor, thereby making the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor an asymmetrical shape and an asymmetrical torque distribution. A motor can be realized. Furthermore, since the flow surface protruding portions 15a to 15d which smoothly change from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side are provided on the rotation direction side of the rotor 2, the air resistance due to the rotational driving of the rotor 2 is reduced. And a two-phase reluctance motor with small windage loss can be realized.

In the above configuration, the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of all the rotors are provided with the flow surface projections 15a to 15d to form an asymmetric shape. However, at least one of the magnetic pole projections has the flow surface projections. If it is provided and made asymmetrical shape,
It has a certain effect when the motor is started. That is, when the motor is energized by energizing the windings when the motor is started, torque can be generated by at least one magnetic pole projection, and the motor can be started reliably. Further, the projecting portion does not necessarily have to have a flow surface shape. For example, the projecting portion may be configured with a slope having a linear surface.

Further, in the first to sixth embodiments, the combination in which the number of the magnetic pole projections 5a to 5h of the stator is eight and the number of the magnetic pole projections 3a to 3d of the rotor is four has been described. It is not limited to this. Any combination may be used as long as the number of magnetic pole projections on the stator is an integral multiple of 2 and the number of magnetic pole projections on the rotor is half the number. Other combinations of magnetic pole projections, for example, four magnetic pole projections on the stator A similar effect can be obtained for a combination of two magnetic pole projections of the rotor and a combination of six magnetic pole projections of the stator and three magnetic pole projections of the rotor.

[0070]

As described above, according to the present invention, the stator having the magnetic pole projections provided on the inner peripheral side by an integral multiple of 2 and each of which is wound with a winding is provided. A rotor disposed on the circumferential side and having a half of the magnetic pole protrusions on the outer circumferential side, wherein at least one of the magnetic pole protrusions of the rotor is provided with a protruding portion on the rotation direction side and is asymmetric. By forming the magnetic pole projections of the asymmetric rotor including the protrusions so as to always face two adjacent magnetic pole projections of the stator,
Regardless of the position of the magnetic pole projections of the rotor relative to the magnetic pole projections of the stator, the motor can be reliably started, and a two-phase reluctance motor having good torque characteristics and high efficiency can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, the rotor magnetic pole projection is provided with a projection projecting in the circumferential direction on the side surface on the rotation direction side, so that the magnetic pole projection of the rotor can be positioned with respect to the magnetic pole projection of the stator. In this state, the motor can be reliably started, and a two-phase reluctance motor having good torque characteristics and high efficiency can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, the rotor is provided with the protrusion protruding in the circumferential direction on the side surface on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole protrusion of the rotor and the slit provided in the protrusion, so that the stator is provided. Regardless of the position of the rotor magnetic pole projection relative to the magnetic pole projection, the motor can be reliably started. In addition, since the shape of the magnetic portion on the slit side of the magnetic pole projection of the rotor is a closed shape surrounding the slit portion, a two-phase reluctance motor having excellent strength can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, a protrusion having a notch on the outer peripheral side is provided on a side surface on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole projection of the rotor. Regardless of the position of the projection, the motor can be reliably started, and a two-phase reluctance motor having highly reliable starting characteristics can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, the distribution of torque is asymmetrical by providing a protrusion that smoothly changes from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side on the side surface on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole projection of the rotor. As a shape, the starting characteristics can be improved, the air resistance due to the rotational driving of the rotor can be reduced, and a two-phase reluctance motor with small windage loss can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, in a part of the laminating direction of the rotor formed by laminating the magnetic steel sheets, the protrusion protruding in the circumferential direction is provided on the side surface on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole protrusion. Thus, a high-efficiency two-phase reluctance motor having good motor starting characteristics and an inexpensive two-phase reluctance motor can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, at the end in the laminating direction of the rotor formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets of the same shape, the skew portion formed by shifting the magnetic pole projections of the rotor toward the rotating direction. With the protrusions, a magnetic attraction force acts between the protrusions and the magnetic pole protrusions of the stator, so that the torque distribution becomes asymmetric and a two-phase reluctance motor with improved starting characteristics can be obtained. In addition, the protruding side of the rotor plays the role of pushing up the wind diagonally upward, effectively cooling the stator windings, reducing the temperature rise, and allowing more current to flow Thus, a two-phase reluctance motor that can increase the torque per volume can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a two-phase reluctance motor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a torque distribution with respect to a rotor position of a two-phase reluctance motor having a configuration outside the range of dimensions according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a torque distribution with respect to a rotor position of the two-phase reluctance motor according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a two-phase reluctance motor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view of a magnetic pole projection of a rotor of a two-phase reluctance motor according to a third embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from an outer peripheral side surface.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a side view of a magnetic pole projection of a rotor of a two-phase reluctance motor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, as viewed from an outer peripheral side surface.

FIG. 9 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a two-phase reluctance motor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing a torque distribution with respect to a rotor position of a two-phase reluctance motor according to a fifth embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a two-phase reluctance motor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a sectional configuration diagram showing a conventional two-phase reluctance motor.

FIG. 13 is a magnetic flux diagram showing a driving principle of a two-phase reluctance motor.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing a torque distribution with respect to a rotor position of a conventional two-phase reluctance motor.

FIG. 15 is a magnetic flux diagram showing a dead center of a conventional two-phase reluctance motor.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Output shaft, 2 rotors, 3a-3d Magnetic pole projections of a rotor, 4 stators, 5a-5h Magnetic pole projections of a stator, 6
Winding, 7 gap, 8a-8d protrusion, 9 insulation, 1
0 slit part, 11 thin part, 12 groove part, 13 skew part, 14a-14d notch part, 15a-15
d Flow front, 16 lines of magnetic force, 17 dead center.

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A stator having a plurality of magnetic pole projections provided on the inner peripheral side, each having an integral multiple of 2 and wound with a winding, respectively, and a magnetic pole disposed on the inner peripheral side of the stator and arranged on the outer peripheral side. A two-phase reluctance motor comprising: a rotor having half of the projections; and a rotor having at least one magnetic pole projection having an asymmetric shape by providing a protrusion on the rotation direction side. A two-phase reluctance motor, wherein the magnetic pole projections of the rotor having a shape are configured to always face two adjacent magnetic pole projections of the stator. 2. The two-phase reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein a protrusion protruding in the circumferential direction is provided on a side surface on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole protrusion of the rotor. 3. The rotor according to claim 1, further comprising: a protrusion protruding in the circumferential direction, and a slit provided in the protrusion on a side surface of the rotor on the rotation direction side of the magnetic pole protrusion. Phase reluctance motor. 4. The two-phase reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein a protrusion having a notch on an outer peripheral side is provided on a side surface on a rotation direction side of the magnetic pole projection of the rotor. 5. The two-phase reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein a protrusion that smoothly changes from an outer peripheral side to an inner peripheral side is provided on a side surface of the rotor magnetic pole projection on the rotation direction side. . 6. A part of a rotor formed by laminating magnetic steel sheets, wherein a protrusion protruding in a circumferential direction is provided on a side surface on a rotation direction side of a magnetic pole protrusion. The two-phase reluctance motor according to claim 5. 7. A skew portion formed by shifting magnetic pole projections of the rotor in the direction of rotation at the end in the laminating direction of the rotor formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets of the same shape. The two-phase reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein: