JPH11220918A - Welsh onion harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a Welsh onion harvester mounted with a soil-removing rotor which efficiently removes soil/sand adhered to the roots of Welsh onions dug up from the field and carried, and a root-cutting/soil-removing device which enables mutual Welsh onion root entanglement to be cut off and also soil/sand adhered to the roots to be efficiently removed. SOLUTION: This Welsh onion harvester has such a scheme that there is provided a root-cutting/soil-removing device so designed that many projections are provided randomly on the outer periphery of a rotary drum so as to exert function of cutting the roots of Welsh onions and of removing soil adhered to the roots, a soil-removing rotor is rotated in the normal direction for the machine body advancing direction and the root-cutting/soil-removing device 15 is supported so as to be rotated reversely to the machine body advancing direction; wherein the projections, being of inverse V-shape, are provided so as to make an angle of 20-20 deg. with the rotational direction of the rotary drum >120 mm in diameter, and the soil-removing rotor 15 consists of a rotary tine, the tip of which is mounted with an elastic member.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a self-propelled green onion harvester, and more particularly, to digging and transporting green onions such as white onions (root deep onions) planted in a row on a field. The present invention relates to a green onion harvester that continuously performs a series of harvesting operations for performing root cutting, preparation, and storing in a container.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A self-propelled fuselage has a digging blade at its tip, extending from the lower front of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage through the lower center of the fuselage.
A digging / transporting conveyor device having an endless bar conveyor that conveys the root portion of the green onion digged by the digging blade in a vertical position and conveys it while lifting it,
A pair of left and right nipping and transporting units, which are longer than the excavating and transporting conveyor device, are located above the excavating and transporting conveyor device, and pinch and transport the leek foliage digged from the field in a vertical position. A belt provided between the excavating / transporting conveyor device and the nipping / conveying belt to remove soil from the root of the green onion conveyed by the nipping / conveying belt, and from the root of the conveyed green onion A whisker removing rotor for removing whiskers, and a stock conveyor that is provided subsequent to the sandwiching and conveying belt, receives the green onion in a horizontal position from a conveying end of the sandwiching and conveying belt by a delivery conveyor, and intermittently rotates and conveys the green onions. A stock container provided behind the stock conveyor and containing green onions conveyed by the stock conveyor, and a stock container for mounting the stock container. Tena table and the provided leek acids harvester has been proposed by Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 9-64389.

[0003]

In the above-mentioned prior art onion harvesting machine, a green onion such as a white onion (root deep onion) planted in a row in a field is dug out and prepared while transporting it. Thus, a series of harvesting operations for storing prepared green onions can be continuously performed. However, there is a problem that the soil cannot be sufficiently removed from the root of the green onion by using only the earth removal rotor, and the soil must be removed anew after harvesting. In the beard rooting rotor, the beard root can be removed from the root of the green onion, but the entanglement of the root of the green onion cannot be cut off.
There was a problem.

Accordingly, the present invention is a further improvement of the above-mentioned prior art green onion harvesting machine, which efficiently removes earth and sand adhering to the roots from green onions dug up and transported from a field. To provide a green onion harvesting machine equipped with a root cutting / soil removing device capable of cutting off entanglement of roots between green onions and green onions, and capable of efficiently removing earth and sand adhering to the roots. Aim.

[0005]

In order to achieve this object, a green onion harvester according to the present invention has the following configuration.

A. The self-propelled aircraft has a digging blade at the tip from the lower front of the fuselage to the rear of the fuselage through the lower center of the fuselage, and the root of the green onion dug up by the digging blade continuously with this digging blade. A digging / transporting conveyor device that is placed in a vertical position and transported while lifting, and a foliage of green onions dug up from a field is held in a vertical position above this digging / transporting conveyor device. A conveyer belt, which is provided between the excavating / transporting conveyor device and the conveyer belt, and which removes soil from the root of the green onion conveyed by the conveyer belt. In the onion harvesting machine having the onion harvester, a number of projections are attached to the outer periphery of the rotating drum behind the earth removal rotor, and these projections cut off the root of the green onion and remove the soil adhering to the root. Root removal and soil removal equipment Provided.

B. The earth removal rotor was rotated in the forward direction with respect to the traveling direction of the fuselage, and the root cutting / soil removing device was supported so as to rotate in the reverse direction with respect to the traveling direction of the fuselage.

C. The projection was attached at an angle to the rotation direction of the rotary drum of the root cutting / soil removal device, and the angle was set to 20 to 30 degrees.

D. The protrusions were formed in an inverted V shape and were randomly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum, and the diameter of the rotating drum was larger than 120 mm.

E. The earth removal rotor consists of a rotating claw,
An elastic member was attached to the tip of the rotating claw.

[0011]

By using such means, the onion harvester of the present invention performs the following operations.

[0012] The above A. With the construction described above, the root cutting / soil removing device uses the projections to remove the adhering soil that could not be completely removed by the earth removal rotor, and also cuts off the entanglement of adjacent roots at the root portion of the green onion to separate the root portion. .

[0013] B. above. With the construction described above, the earth removal rotor contacts the root of the green onion so as to be opposed to the moving direction of the green onion and drops the soil attached thereto. In addition, the root cutting / soil removing device contacts the root of the green onion along the moving direction thereof, removes the soil adhering, and cuts off the entanglement of the root of the green onion to separate the root. .

[0014] C. above. With the configuration of the above, the protrusion of the root cutting / soil removal device is formed with two protrusions in the rotation direction of the rotating drum.
By attaching at an angle of 0 to 30 degrees, the efficiency of removing soil adhering to the root is improved, and the root is entangled with the root efficiently.

[0015] The above D. In this configuration, the inverted V-shaped projections are randomly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum so that the projections come into contact with the root of the moving green onion evenly, thereby improving the efficiency of removing soil adhering to the root. At the same time, it efficiently cuts the root entanglement. In addition, by setting the diameter of the rotating drum to be larger than 120 mm, the roots and foliage of green onions are prevented from getting entangled in the rotating drama.

[0016] E. above. By attaching an elastic member to the tip of the rotating claw of the earth removal rotor, the soil can be efficiently dropped without damaging the root of the green onion.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a green onion harvester, and a body 2 is equipped with crawlers 3 and 3 that form a pair of right and left and enable spin (super-spot) turning. An engine 4 is mounted on one side and slightly behind the body 2 and a hydraulic device (not shown) driven by the engine 4 is provided near the engine 4. A transmission 5 is provided between the crawlers 3 and 3 at a lower position near the rear of the body 2 to drive the crawlers 3 and 3 at a variable speed.

The crawlers 3 and 3 are driven by driving wheels 3a at the rear of the body 2 in the forward direction to drive the crawler belt 3b, and the crawler belts 3b are pressed against the grounding side so that a plurality of grounding rollers are rolled. A wheel frame 3d that supports the wheel 3c is vertically movably supported by a pair of front and rear link members 3e with respect to the frame of the body 2 and is extendable between the wheel frame 3d and the frame of the body 2. A cylinder mechanism 3f is provided so that the ground contact portion of the crawler belt 3b can be moved up and down around the drive wheel 3a by expansion and contraction of the cylinder mechanism 3f.

A digging blade 6 is provided at the tip from the lower front of the fuselage 2 between the crawlers 3 and 3 to the rear of the fuselage 2 through the center lower portion of the fuselage 2, and is continuously connected to the digging blade 6. A digging / transporting conveyor device 8 having an endless bar conveyor 7 for transporting the green onion roots dug by the digging blades 6 while placing the roots in a vertical position and lifting them is provided. A pair of left and right, which is longer than the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8, is located above the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8, and holds and transports the foliage of green onions dug from a field in a vertical posture. Is provided.

The base end of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8 is pivotally supported on a support frame 10 which also serves as a transmission case projecting forward from the machine body 2 via a shaft 8a so as to be vertically rotatable. ing. A bracket 8b is provided below the rear portion of the frame of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8, and a hydraulic cylinder 11 is interposed between the bracket 8b and the machine body 2. The excavating / transporting conveyor device 8 is configured to rotate upward around a shaft 8a.

The right and left opposing surfaces of the holding and conveying belt 9 are pressurized by a large number of pressurizing rollers 9a, 9a,..., And are conveyed while holding the foliage of the green onion without damaging it. The front end of the nipping / conveying belt 9 is pivotally supported by the distal end of a link arm 12 pivotally attached to a frame of the excavating / conveying apparatus 8, and the rear end of the holding / conveying belt 9 is connected to the body 2.
It is pivotally supported by a distal end of a link arm 13 which also serves as a transmission case pivotally mounted on the side. When the base of the digging / transporting conveyor device 8 rotates and moves upward, the nip / conveying belt 9 is moved by the link arms 12 and 13 in conjunction with the upward movement.
Moves backwards. A drop rotor 14 for dropping soil from the root of the green onion is attached to the link arm 12 so as to rotate in the forward direction with respect to the traveling direction of the fuselage 2. Behind the drop rotor 14, A root cutting / soil removing device 15 for cutting the root of the green onion and removing soil adhering to the root is mounted so as to rotate in a direction reverse to the traveling direction of the body 2.

FIG. 3 and FIG.
As shown in the figure, a large number of inverted V-shaped projections 15b are randomly attached to the outer periphery of the rotating drum 15a, and the diameter D of the rotating drum is set to be larger than 120 mm.
Each projection 15b is attached at an angle θ with respect to the rotation direction of the rotary drum 15a, and the angle θ is 20 to 30 degrees.

As shown in FIG. 5, the earth removal rotor 14 comprises a rotating claw 14a, and an elastic member 14b such as a rubber cap is attached to the tip of the rotating claw 14a. The elastic member 14b is provided with a mounting hole 14c for the rotating claw 14a. Also, instead of the elastic member 14b, as shown in FIG.
The elastic claw 14d may be attached via a pin 14e so as to extend the rotary claw 14a.

A delivery conveyor 16 is provided below the conveying end of the nipping and conveying belt 9, and a delivery belt 17 is provided above the conveying end of the nipping and conveying belt 9.
The green onion carried out of the holding / conveying belt 9 is discharged in a horizontal posture, and a stock conveyor 18 for intermittently rotating and conveying the green onion to the discharge position is provided slidably in the left-right direction. Behind the stock conveyor 18, a stock container 19 for accommodating green onions conveyed by the stock conveyor 18 is provided.
A container table 20 on which the stock container 19 is placed is provided detachably with respect to the machine body 2 behind. An empty container table 21 on which an empty container is placed is provided at the upper front side of the container table 20.

On the side of the body 2 opposite to the engine 4, a control unit 22, a step 23 for the operator, a step 24 for the operator and the like are provided. In the step 24 for the operator, the preparation operator or the operator gets on the onion, prepares the green onion conveyed by the stock conveyor 18 and stores it in the stock container 19. Further, the operator's step 23 and the operator's step 24 may be provided with a seat on which the operator and the operator sit, respectively.

A pair of left and right wheel support arms 25, 25 protrude forward from the left and right frames of the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8, and these wheel support arms 25, 25
A pair of grounding wheels 26, 26 that are in contact with the inclined shoulders of the target onion ridges are supported at the tip of 25 so as to face each other. The wheels 26, 26 function as a ridge follower that follows along with the movement of the machine body along the length direction of the target onion ridge.
Are supported by a vertical adjustment mechanism 25a so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally movable. Further, the pair of wheels 26, 26 have a camber angle, rotate in contact with the inclined shoulders of the target onion ridge, and steer and move the body following the target onion ridge. ing.

The transmission 5 which receives power from the engine 4 and shifts is provided with a continuously variable hydraulic transmission (HST) (not shown) for continuously changing the speed. And the power transmission via the side clutch and the differential device is connected and disconnected to allow the crawlers 3 and 3 to run steplessly and stepped, and to spin (super turning). I have to. The transmission 5 transmits the shifted power to each rotating unit, and the rotation speed of the transmission can be adjusted steplessly and stepwise.
The excavation work speed can be freely set by combining with the stepless or stepped traveling of.

Next, the operation of the onion harvester 1 of the embodiment configured as described above will be described. Green onion harvester 1
When harvesting green onions from the field, the grounding wheels 26, 26
To the shoulders of the leeks to be harvested.
Up and down adjusting mechanism 2 for excavating blade 6 of transfer conveyor device 8
5a adjusts the excavation depth by adjusting the vertical movement, and the leek is dug up with the excavation blade 6 from below with the advance of the fuselage, and the root is placed on the bar conveyor 7 and adheres to the rhizome. The falling soil is transported diagonally upward. Simultaneously with this transport, the foliage of the green onion is nipped by the nipping transport belt 9 and transported without damage.

When the green onion conveyed in the vertical position by the bar conveyor 7 and the sandwiching conveyance belt 9 reaches the terminal end of the bar conveyor 7, the earth removal rotor 14 comes into contact with the rhizome of the white onion, and the rhizome comes into contact therewith. Adhered earth and sand is dropped. When the green onions move further, the roots of the green onions are cut off by the root cutting and soil removing device 15, and the soil adhering to the roots is removed. When the green onions are discharged from the end of the nipping and conveying belt 9, the delivery conveyor 16 and the delivery belt 17 take a horizontal position, so that the stock conveyor 18 is turned on.
Is discharged on top. The stock conveyor 18 is adjusted according to the length of the green onion that is slid left and right,
Since the green onion moves intermittently, the green onion is stably conveyed in a predetermined amount at a time.

The green onions moving on the stock conveyor 18 are prepared by the preparation operator or the operator at the step 24 for the preparation operator, or are left as they are from the end of the stock conveyor 18 to the storage container 19. To be housed. When the green onion in the stock container 19 has almost reached a predetermined amount, the stock container 19
Is moved onto the container table 20 and loaded. Container stand 20
When the amount of the stock container 19 loaded on the top reaches almost a predetermined amount, the harvesting operation is temporarily stopped, the stock container 19 is reloaded to a transport vehicle or the like, carried out, and the harvesting operation is resumed.

Here, the green onion harvester 1 comprises the crawlers 3 and 3
Stepless or stepped variable speed running and stepless or stepped variable speed rotation of each rotating part, it is possible to select an appropriate moving speed and rotational speed according to field conditions and crop conditions, high work accuracy and efficiency Good harvesting work is performed. The crawlers 3 and 3 are capable of spinning (super turning), and the hydraulic cylinder 11 rotates the digging / transporting conveyor device 8 and the grounding wheel 26 and the like upward, and the link arm 1
2. Nipping and conveying belt 9 and delivery belt 1
7 can be moved backward to shorten the overall length of the fuselage 2, stably spin on a headland or the like, and move to the next harvest ridge with one turn.

Further, in front of the digging / transporting conveyor device 8, grounding wheels 26, 26 are provided to follow the machine body along the length direction of the harvested green onion ridges. On the other hand, the wheels 26 are supported so as to be vertically adjustable and horizontally adjustable by the vertical adjustment mechanism 25a, so that the two wheels 26 automatically follow the onion ridges to be harvested and automatically steer the airframe, and the excavating / transporting conveyor device 8 Automatic excavation and conveyance by the sandwiching conveyance belt 9 are performed. Therefore, the pilot can spend most of the time on the preparation work except for the operation of steering the aircraft at the ridge end of the target white onion ridge.

[0033]

As described above, according to the onion harvester of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

[0034] A number of projections are attached to the outer periphery of the rotating drum behind the earth removal rotor, and these projections cut off the root of the green onion and remove the soil adhering to the root. The root removal / soil removal device uses the projections to remove the adhering soil that could not be completely removed by the earth removal rotor, and to cut off the entanglement of adjacent roots at the root portion of the green onion to separate the root portion. can do.

[0035] Since the earth removal rotor was rotated in the forward direction with respect to the traveling direction of the fuselage, and the root cutting / soil removal device was supported so as to rotate in the reverse direction with respect to the traveling direction of the fuselage,
The earth removal rotor contacts the root of the green onion so as to be opposed to the moving direction of the green onion and drops the attached soil. In addition, the root cutting / soil removing device contacts the root of the green onion so as to be along the moving direction thereof, removes the adhering soil, and cuts off the entanglement of the root to separate the root. be able to.

[0036] The projection is attached at an angle to the rotation direction of the rotating drum of the root cutting / soil removal device, and the angle is set to 20 to 30 degrees. On the other hand, the contact area is widened, the removal efficiency of the soil adhering to the root is improved, and the root entanglement of the root can be efficiently cut.

[0037] The projections have an inverted V shape and are randomly attached to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum. The diameter of the rotating drum is larger than 120 mm. This makes it possible to improve the efficiency of removing soil adhering to the root portion and to efficiently cut off the entanglement of the root at the root portion. In addition, since the diameter of the rotating drum is larger than 120 mm and the perimeter is long, it is possible to prevent the roots and foliage of green onions from becoming entangled in the rotating drama.

[0038] The earth removal rotor is composed of a rotating claw, and an elastic member is attached to the tip of the rotating claw, so that the soil can be efficiently dropped without damaging the root of the green onion by the elastic member.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a green onion harvester according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a root cutting / soil removing device.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same.

5 (a) is a side view showing a state in which an elastic member is attached to a rotating claw of a soil drop rotor, FIG. 5 (b) is a partial front view, and FIG. 5 (c) is a plan view of the elastic member.

6A is a plan view showing a state in which an elastic claw material is attached to a rotating claw, FIG. 6B is a bottom view thereof, and FIGS. 6C and 6D are perspective views thereof.

[Explanation of symbols]

Reference Signs List 1 green onion harvester 2 body 3 crawler 3a drive wheel 3b crawler belt 3c grounding wheel 3d wheel frame 3e link member 3f
Cylinder mechanism 4 Engine 5 Transmission 6 Digging blade 7 Endless bar conveyor 8 Digging / transporting conveyor device 8a Shaft 8b Bracket 9 Nipping / conveying belt 10 Support frame also serving as transmission case 11 Hydraulic cylinders 12, 13 Link arm 14 Earth drop rotor 14a Rotating claw 14b Elastic member 14c Mounting hole 14d Elastic claw 14e Pin 15 Root cutting / soil removing device 15a Rotating drum D
Rotary drum diameter 15b Projection θ Mounting angle of projection to rotary drum 16 Delivery conveyor 17 Delivery belt 18 Stock conveyor 19 Stock container 20 Container table 21 Empty container table 22 Steering unit 23 Step for operator 24 Step for preparation operator 25 Wheel support arm 25a Wheel up and down adjustment mechanism 26 Grounding wheel

Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Junko Takehisa 684 Nakafurune, Okayama City, Okayama Prefecture Inside of Kobashi Kogyo Co., Ltd. Within the organization (72) Inventor Shigeyoshi Tsukamoto 1-40-2 Nisshincho, Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture Within the Organization for Promoting Specified Industrial Technology Research (72) Inventor Izumi Okayasu 1-40-2 Nisshincho, Omiya City, Saitama Prefecture Within the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A self-propelled airframe has a digging blade at the tip, directed from the lower front of the airframe to the rear of the airframe through the lower center of the airframe,
A digging / transporting conveyor device that places the root of the green onion dug up by the digging blade in a vertical position and conveys it while lifting it, and a digging / transporting conveyor device A holding and conveying belt that is positioned above and holds and transports the foliage of green onions dug up from the field in a vertical position, and provided between the excavating and conveying conveyor device and the holding and conveying belt; In a leek harvester having a soil removal rotor for dropping soil from the roots of green onions held and transported by a transport belt, a number of protrusions are attached to the outer periphery of a rotary drum behind the soil removal rotor. An onion harvesting machine, wherein a root is cut off by a projection and a root cutting and soil removing device is provided for removing soil adhering to the root. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein said earth removal rotor is rotated in a forward direction with respect to the traveling direction of the fuselage, and a root cutting and soil removing device is supported so as to rotate in a direction opposite to the traveling direction of the fuselage. The green onion harvester according to claim 1, wherein 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the projection is attached at an angle to the rotation direction of the rotary drum of the root cutting / soil removal device, and the angle is set to 20 to 30 degrees.
Leek harvester as described. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the projection has an inverted V-shape and is randomly attached to an outer peripheral surface of a rotary drum, and the diameter of the rotary drum is larger than 120 mm. Green onion harvester. 5. A green onion harvester according to claim 1, wherein said earth removal rotor comprises a rotating claw, and an elastic member is attached to a tip portion of said rotating claw.