JPH11217566A - Soil-improving agent, production of soil-improving agent, planting substrate using soil improving agent and production of the same planting substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a soil-improving agent capable of effectively utilizing waste paper incapable of regenerating without impairing environment and provide a method for producing the soil-improving agent and obtain a planting substrate using the soil improving agent and provide a method for producing the planting substrate. SOLUTION: This method for producing a soil-improving agent comprises mixing waste paper with water to afford slurry, dispersing and mixing at least a fine mineral material selected from a vegetable natural organic substance, a layer clay mineral having water holding capacity and a porous mineral and at least a vegetable natural organic substance selected from a polymeric water- absorbing agent, a water retention agent and a scattering preventing agent into slurry and dehydrating and drying the mixture obtained in the mixing process.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a soil conditioner, a method for producing the soil conditioner, a planting substrate using the soil conditioner,
Further, the present invention relates to a method for producing the planting substrate.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to make effective use of resources, recovered used paper has been used again as recycled paper or recycled paper. However, when used paper is recycled as recycled paper, chemical treatment such as deinking, bleaching, and dyeing must be performed, so that the number of times of recycling is limited.

[0003] That is, in the above-described processing steps during regeneration, the pulp fibers constituting the paper are inevitably damaged and the fiber strength is reduced, and even if papermaking is performed, sufficient characteristics as paper are reproduced. Can not be done. Therefore, such non-renewable waste paper (recycled paper or recycled paper) is either buried as it is, or incinerated as industrial waste, and then changed into ash and buried. .

[0004] However, there are problems such as global warming due to incineration, pollution of landfills and the vicinity thereof, and the conventional treatment method has environmental problems.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a soil conditioner capable of effectively using non-renewable waste paper without impairing the environment, a method for producing this soil conditioner, Planting substrate using soil conditioner, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing the planting substrate.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the soil conditioner according to the present invention has a constitution in which at least a waste paper component and a plant natural organic substance are dispersed and mixed.

The used paper component is obtained by grinding used paper such as recycled paper or recycled paper or dissolving and dispersing it in water in the form of slurry. The mixing ratio of the waste paper component to the plant natural organic matter is preferably 10% or more and 70% or less by weight.
0% or more and 60% or less are more preferable.

The plant natural organic matter is not particularly limited, and includes, for example, peat moss, sawdust, rice husk, bagasse, thinned wood and the like. The fine shape may be powdery or granular, but the thinned material may be a pulverized material (preferably 15 mm or less so as to be easily dispersed and mixed with waste paper slurry during the production described later). Pete moss has 10 bio-like AAO types from Canada.
Although some are composed of extremely long plant fibers exceeding 0 mm, peat moss after water absorption is flexible and can be used without adjusting the size at the raw material stage.

The plant natural organic matter may be one kind, but it is preferable to use a mixture of plural kinds based on peat moss in consideration of water retention and composition distribution of fertilizer. In the configuration of the present invention, in addition to the waste paper component and the vegetable natural organic matter, a mineral material having a fine shape selected from the group consisting of a layered clay mineral and a porous mineral having water retention properties as in claim 2 is mixed. Is preferred.

The mineral material is not particularly limited as long as it has a water retention property, and examples thereof include porous minerals, zeolites, montmorillonite clay minerals, and processed products thereof. Among them, zeolite
A genus or a montmorillonite clay mineral is preferred. The porous mineral refers to a material composed mainly of expanded non-crystalline silica or alumina, a crystalline mineral such as whisker, or a deposit such as diatomaceous earth. The particle size of the porous mineral is preferably 5 mm or less, but can be used up to about 10 mm.

The amount of the mineral material is preferably from 10% to 80% by weight based on the total amount of the waste paper component and the natural plant organic matter. Further, the soil conditioner of the present invention,
As in claims 3 to 5, a polymer water-absorbing agent, a water-retaining agent,
It is more preferable to add a scattering inhibitor as needed.

That is, by mixing a polymer water-absorbing agent, the water absorption time can be further shortened, and more water can be absorbed to increase the water retention. By mixing the water retention agent, the water absorption capacity is improved and the wet state can be maintained for a long time. By mixing the anti-scattering agent, it is possible to prevent the soil improver from scattering during drying.

The polymer water absorbing agent is a so-called S-SAP.
(SOLID-SUPPER ABSORBENT POLYMER), which has a water absorption of 25 to 1500 g per gram,
5 mm or less in original size, 20 mm or less when swollen, saturated water absorption time 60 minutes or less, restoration time (time until saturated water absorption reaches 10% moisture content on 5A filter paper in a room at 23 ° C) is 1
It is preferable that the base substitution capacity per 10 g (fertilizer retention property) per 10 g or more be 10 meq or more.

The amount of the polymer water-absorbing agent varies depending on the soil used and the type of the polymer water-absorbing agent used.
It is preferably about 0.1 to 0.8 parts by weight based on parts by weight.

The water retention agent is a so-called L-SWKP (LIQUID-S
UPPER WATER KEEP POLYMER)
Restoration time (time until saturated water-absorbed matter becomes 10% moisture content on 5A filter paper in a room at 23 ° C.) is 100 hours or more and 10 g
It is preferable that the base substitution capacity (fertilizing ability) per unit is 25 milliequivalents or more and the water content does not become 10% or less. For example, polyethylene oxide, polyurethane, vinyl acetate resin, acrylic resin, etc. Fine powder or the like can be used.

The water-retaining agent is preferably added in an amount of about 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight, more preferably 0.8 to 2.0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the waste paper component, the plant natural organic matter and the mineral material. -1.2 parts by weight is more preferred.

The method of mixing the polymer water absorbing agent and the water retaining agent is as follows:
It is preferable to use a method in which a waste paper component, a vegetable natural organic substance, and a mineral material are charged into a slurry mixture. The shape of the polymer water-absorbing agent and the water-retaining agent to be charged is preferably in the form of powder or granules of about 5 mm or less and irregular. In other words, when the shape of the water-absorbing swelling is spherical or slippery, when crushing a lump obtained by dehydration and drying to obtain a soil conditioner, the polymer water-absorbing agent or the water-retaining agent is used alone. There is a risk of slipping out.

Examples of the anti-scattering agent include ethylene
-Water-soluble polymers such as vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), alginic acid, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxymethyl cellulose (HMC), sodium polyacrylate, starch, dextrin, etc. Semi-water soluble polymers can be mentioned.

The amount of the anti-scattering agent varies depending on the type of soil used and the type of polymer water-absorbing agent and water-retaining agent used. However, if the amount is too large, the soil surface becomes keratinized and the water absorption during precipitation decreases, and seed germination occurs. There is a risk of a decrease in the rate, and if the amount is too small, there is no effect. Therefore, about 0.2 parts by weight to 2.0 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the mixture of the waste paper component, the vegetable natural organic matter, and the mineral material Is preferred.

Further, the soil conditioner of the present invention may be mixed with a fertilizer or the like.

On the other hand, the method for producing a soil conditioner according to the present invention comprises the steps of: mixing waste paper and water to form a slurry; and then dispersing and mixing a vegetable natural organic matter into the slurry.
And a step of dehydrating and drying the mixture.

The method for producing a soil conditioner according to any one of claims 2 to 5 is characterized in that waste paper and water are mixed and slurried, and then plant natural organic matter, a layered clay mineral having a water-retaining property, and a porous material. Mineral material of fine shape selected from the group consisting of minerals, polymeric water-absorbing agent, water-retaining agent, and shatterproofing agent, at least vegetable natural organic matter, layered clay mineral having water-retention and porous The composition includes a mixing step of dispersing and mixing the finely divided mineral material selected from the group consisting of minerals into the slurry, and a step of dehydrating and drying the mixture obtained in the mixing step.

The mixing ratio of used paper and water is not particularly limited by the type of used paper and the like, and usually, water may be added in an amount of about 30 times the amount of used paper.

The soil conditioner of the present invention is usually used by mixing it into the soil, for example, by plowing it. Can be used as it is as a medium. In addition, when mixing directly into the soil, the mixing ratio varies depending on the type of soil and is determined as appropriate. However, if the mixing ratio is too small, there is no mixing effect, and if the mixing ratio is too large, there is a possibility that the drainage may be affected. By the way, in the case of sandy or gravel soil, the mixing ratio is
10% or more is preferable, and about 20 to 50% is more preferable.

On the other hand, the planting base material according to the present invention has a configuration in which adjacent soil improver components in the soil improver are connected via a synthetic resin adhesive to form a desired shape.
Further, the method for producing a planting base material according to the present invention comprises a step of forming a slurry of the soil improver of the present invention together with a synthetic resin adhesive, then pouring the slurry into a mold, and dehydrating and forming the slurry in the mold. Was provided.

In the planting substrate, the synthetic resin adhesive is not particularly limited. However, when the synthetic resin is low-viscosity and self-crosslinking and is in contact with moisture after cross-linking, the strength is hardly reduced and water absorption and swelling are suppressed. It is preferable that the material is soft and biodegradable with time. For example, an emulsion resin such as an acrylic resin, a polyvinyl acetate, or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer may be used.

The amount of the synthetic resin adhesive to be used is not particularly limited as long as a good molded product can be obtained.
% Is preferable and 5 to 10% is more preferable.

[0028]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

The soil conditioner of the present invention is prepared by mixing waste paper and water to form a slurry, and then adding the slurry to the slurry based on peat moss, which is a vegetable natural organic substance, to produce sawdust, chaff,
A mixture obtained by mixing bagasse or the like with peat moss, acid clay as a layered clay mineral, a polymer water-absorbing agent, a water retention agent, and an anti-scattering agent are further added and mixed. After the mixture is dehydrated and dried, the lump is pulverized by hand into irregular granules of about 15 mm.

As the soil improver, waste paper that has been conventionally incinerated or landfilled is used as a main component, so that the problem of environmental pollution can be solved and resources can be effectively used. In addition, if plowed into the soil, wastewater components and plant natural organic matter, as well as polymeric water-absorbing agents and water-retaining agents can absorb precipitation and improve poorly-watered soil into more water-retaining soil. it can.

In particular, since it contains a polymeric water-absorbing agent, it absorbs precipitation in a short time and the amount of passing water is small. Therefore, the water can be sufficiently stored, and the stored water can be quickly released at the time of irrigation. In addition, since it contains a water retention agent, the water absorbed by the polymer absorbent is gradually absorbed by the water retention agent. Therefore, the water once retained can be gradually released, and can be kept in a wet state for a long time.

Further, since the composition contains an anti-scattering agent, even if it is dried, the other components are combined with a weak force due to the adhesion of the anti-scattering agent to form a semi-granulated state. The effect as a soil conditioner can be maintained. Fertilizer can be improved to fertile soil because it decomposes in waste paper components and plant-based natural organic matter and turns into fertilizer.

In addition, since mineral materials are mixed,
Mineral materials become particles and remain in the soil even after decomposing and decomposing waste paper components and plant-based natural organic matter, etc., so the soil is not densified, the soil is always kept in a well-drained state, and the roots rot. Can be prevented. In addition, since waste paper that has been conventionally incinerated or landfilled is used as a raw material, resources are effectively used, and incineration or landfill disposal is not required, which is also effective for environmental protection.

The planting base material according to the present invention is prepared by mixing waste paper and water to form a slurry, and then adding the sawdust, rice husk, bagasse, etc. to the peat moss based on peat moss as a vegetable natural organic substance. The mixed mixture, acid clay as a layered clay mineral, a polymer water-absorbing agent, a water retention agent, and a shatterproofing agent are further added and mixed. Then, after further mixing the synthetic resin adhesive of the emulsion type with the mixture, the mixture can be poured into a mold, and formed by papermaking and molding.

The obtained plant base material has the same effects as the soil conditioner of the present invention, and the soil conditioner is firmly formed with a synthetic resin adhesive. If driven into the soil as a plate or cross-section, it will contribute to preventing sand at the beginning,
Eventually, the original properties of the soil conditioner can maintain the soil moisture and improve the soil quality so that plants can grow.

Even when the soil conditioner has a high splashing property during drying, it can be prevented from scattering by forming in this manner.

[0037]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in more detail.

(Examples 1 to 7) In a slurry obtained by mixing used paper (Manga Weekly Magazine) and 30 times the amount of water, the mixing ratio of the used paper component in the slurry was as shown in Table 1. Peat moss (long-fiber Canadian "Biolan AAO"), peat moss (short-fiber Canadian "Acadian"), sawdust (about 20 mm or less), bagasse (about 50 mm cut) Thing), thinned wood (about 1
5 mm or less) was added and mixed, and the resulting mixture was squeezed and dehydrated until the water content became 20% or less. After dehydration, the lump was taken out and crushed into a size of about 5 to 30 mm.
A soil conditioner was obtained.

The obtained soil conditioner was strong enough to be easily broken by hand. Then, when the soil conditioners obtained in Examples 1 to 7 were mixed so as to be plowed into natural soil, the soil conditioners of any of the examples increased the fertilizing ability of the soil and suppressed the fluidity of the soil. It was possible to prevent the topsoil from scattering during drying.

[0040]

[Table 1]

(Examples 8 to 14) Used paper (manga weekly magazine)
Peat moss (long-fiber Canadian) as a vegetable natural organic substance, so that the slurry obtained by mixing water and 30 times the amount of water has a mixing ratio with waste paper components in the slurry as shown in Table 2. "Biorun AAO"), peat moss (short-fiber Canadian "Acadian"), sawdust (about 20 mm or less), bagasse (about 50 mm cut), thinned wood (about 15 mm or less), mineral materials (Semi-artificial plate-shaped clay-based mineral manufactured from acid clay, Galeonite HK3-7, trade name of Mizusawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)
mm), vermiculite (2-5 mm), perlite (2-7 mm), wollastonite (60 mm)
μm or less), diatomaceous earth is added and mixed, and the resulting mixture is squeezed and dehydrated until the water content becomes 20% or less,
After dehydration, the lump was taken out and crushed to obtain a soil conditioner.

The soil conditioners obtained in Examples 8 to 14
As compared with the soil improvers of Examples 1 to 7, the particles were smaller and had a uniform particle size. In addition, since the soil conditioners of Examples 8 to 14 contain a mineral material, even if all of the wastepaper components and plant natural organic matter are putrefied and decomposed, the mineral material portion remains and becomes particles. Therefore, the density of the soil was increased, the soil was compacted, and the drainage was not deteriorated.

[0043]

[Table 2]

Further, the soil conditioners obtained in Examples 8 to 14 were placed in flower pots and used directly as soil, and seedlings of houseplants (sheflera, hibiscus, pachira) and common shrubs (Micewort, Conodegasiwa, prepet) were used. When each seedling was raised, the plants in all the flowerpots grew and grew without much difference.

(Examples 15 to 22) In a slurry obtained by mixing waste paper (Manga Weekly Magazine) and 30 times the amount of water, the mixing ratio of the waste paper component in the slurry was as shown in Table 3. In other words, peat moss (long-fiber Canadian “Bio-Run AAO”), peat moss (short-fiber Canadian “Acadian”), and sawdust (about 2
0 mm or less), bagasse (about 50 mm cut), thinned wood (about 15 mm or less), acid clay as a mineral material (a semi-artificial plate-shaped clay-based mineral produced from acid clay) Galeonite HK, trade name of Mizusawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
3-7 mm), vermiculite (2-5 mm), perlite (2-7 mm), wollastonite (60 μm or less), diatomaceous earth, and Aqua Reserve GP-43 as a polymer water absorbing agent (Polyvinyl alcohol-based water-absorbing agent of Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd., having a water absorption capacity of 100 to 250 g per gram, and in a cullet shape of 1 to 3 mm), Sunfresh ST-100 (starch / acryl of Sanyo Chemical Co. Acid graft copolymer, graft starch having a water absorption capacity of 1000 g / g),
Espec S (Toyobo's polyacrylic acid-based water retention agent, having a water absorption capacity of 80 to 120 g per 1 g,
3mm granules) are added and mixed, and the resulting mixture is squeezed and dehydrated until the water content becomes 20% or less.
After dehydration, the lump was taken out and crushed to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0046]

[Table 3]

(Example 23) 3 pieces of used paper (manga weekly magazine)
After mixing with 0 times the amount of water to form a slurry, the slurry is mixed with 1000 parts by weight of waste paper components in the slurry.
Pete Moss (Canadian "Acadian" short fiber) 10
00 parts by weight, 500 parts by weight of sawdust (approximately 2 to 10 mm), acid clay (a semi-artificial plate-shaped clay-based mineral produced from acid clay as a raw material, trade name Galeonite HK 3-7 mm manufactured by Mizusawa Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 1000 parts by weight, 300 parts by weight of vermiculite (2-5 mm), Aqua Reserve GP-43 (a polyvinyl alcohol-based polymer water absorbing agent of Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., having a water absorbing capacity of 100-250 g per gram, ~ 3 mm cullet-shaped) 10 parts by weight, sun fresh ST-100 (starch / acrylic acid graft copolymer of Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., 1000 g / g)
3 parts by weight of a graft starch having a water absorbing capacity and Movinyl 710 (an emulsion type acrylic resin adhesive of Hoechst Gosei Co., Ltd.) 3 as a synthetic resin adhesive
After adding and mixing 00 parts by weight (in terms of solid content), the obtained mixture was placed in a mold, formed by a papermaking method of dehydrating in the mold, and then removed from the mold and dried at 100 to 130 ° C. 200
A plate-shaped planting substrate of mm × 200 mm × 50 mm was obtained.

The obtained planting base material was lightweight and had sufficient strength to withstand post-processing such as cutting with a saw and drilling with a drill. In addition, when the plant substrate is saturated with water, it has a strength that can be handled even in the saturated water absorption state,
Even when immersed in water, it did not collapse and maintained its shape.

Further, the plant material in the saturated water-absorbing state is set at 45 °
After being fixed to the slanted state, wild grass seeds were sown directly on the planting substrate, and the wild grass germinated normally and grew smoothly. The first 25 days were non-irrigated, and then watered every few days because the plants needed water.

(Example 24) Using the same mixture as in Example 23, a columnar planting substrate having a length of 500 mm and a diameter of 60 mm was obtained. Shaving one end of this planting material with a cutter knife,
After being sharpened, it was directly driven into the soil with the pointed side down, and was easily driven into the soil.

After driving into the soil, water was supplied to the plant base from above. As a result, the plant base absorbed water and could supply water to the deep part of the soil.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the synthetic resin adhesive was mixed with the raw material of the soil improver in the production of the planting base material. You may make it disperse and mix in an emulsion.

[0053]

Since the soil conditioner according to the present invention is constituted as described above, if the soil is plowed into the soil, the waste paper component and the plant natural organic matter retain the irrigation water and the soil with poor water retention. Can be improved to a soil with higher water retention. In addition, since it is putrefied and decomposed into fertilizer in waste paper components and vegetable natural organic matter, it can be improved to fertile soil.

Furthermore, since waste paper that has been conventionally incinerated or landfilled is used as a raw material, resources can be effectively used, and incineration or landfill disposal is not required, which is effective for environmental protection. is there.

In the case where the mineral material is further mixed, the mineral material becomes particles and remains in the soil even after the decomposition of the waste paper component and the vegetative natural organic matter, so that the soil is densified. Water is always kept in good condition, and it is possible to prevent the root from rot.

If the polymer water-absorbing agent or the water-retaining agent is further mixed as described in claim 3 or 4, the water-retaining property is further improved. When the anti-scattering agent is further mixed as in claim 5, the soil improving agent does not scatter even when dried, and exhibits a long-term stable water retention effect.

The planting substrate according to the present invention is excellent in strength because the soil improver of the present invention is molded via a synthetic resin adhesive, and is suitable for use in an interlocking method in a roof garden or slope greening. Accordingly, it can be used as a water-retaining base material of a tangible planting base material such as a wood fiber-based planting base material or a high water-retention base material in a spraying method. of course,
Conventionally, waste paper that has been incinerated or landfilled is used as a raw material, making it possible to effectively use resources and
Since there is no need to incinerate or landfill, it is also effective in environmental protection.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Nagao Nagahara 50 Ichiriyama, Hironocho, Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A soil conditioner in which at least a waste paper component and a plant natural organic substance are dispersed and mixed. 2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the soil conditioner comprises a finely-divided mineral material selected from the group consisting of a water-retentive layered clay mineral and a porous mineral. 3. The soil conditioner according to claim 2, further comprising a polymer water-absorbing agent. 4. The soil conditioner according to claim 2, further comprising a water retention agent. 5. The soil conditioner according to claim 2, further comprising a scattering inhibitor. 6. A mixing step of mixing waste paper and water to form a slurry, and then dispersing and mixing the plant natural organic matter into the slurry, and a step of dehydrating and drying the mixture obtained in the mixing step. Method of producing a soil conditioner. 7. Mixing waste paper and water to form a slurry, and then using a plant-based natural organic substance, a mineral material having a fine shape selected from the group consisting of a water-retentive layered clay mineral and a porous mineral, Among the polymeric water-absorbing agent, the water-retaining agent, and the shatterproofing agent, at least a vegetable natural organic substance, and a finely-shaped mineral material selected from the group consisting of a water-retaining layered clay mineral and a porous mineral. A method for producing a soil conditioner, comprising: a mixing step of dispersing and mixing in the slurry; and a step of dehydrating and drying the mixture obtained in the mixing step. 8. A planting base in which adjacent soil conditioner components in the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5 are connected via a synthetic resin adhesive to form a desired shape. Wood. 9. A step of forming a slurry of the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5 together with a synthetic resin adhesive, pouring the slurry into a mold, and dehydrating and forming the slurry in the mold. The manufacturing method of the planting base material provided with.