JPH11119777A - Sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] To provide a sampling device capable of reproducing a sampled sound based on a correct pitch relationship. SOLUTION: Before starting sampling, when a key press operation is performed to assign an original sound to be sampled,
While generating a confirmation sound having a pitch corresponding to the depressed key, an original sound is assigned to the key, or a pitch of a sampled original sound is extracted, and the original sound is assigned to a key having the same pitch relationship as the extracted pitch. . When automatically playing the sampled original sound in accordance with the automatic performance data, the music is played according to the pitch of the key to which the sampled original sound is assigned, or the pitch difference between the extracted original sound pitch and the center pitch included in the automatic performance data. Transpose the range. Thereby, the sampled sound can be reproduced based on the correct pitch relationship.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sampling device suitable for use in, for example, electronic musical instruments.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a voice input via a microphone is A / D converted and stored as sampling data, and the voice input is performed at a reading speed corresponding to a pitch specifying operation (for example, a key pressing operation on a keyboard). There is known a sampling device that reproduces sampling data to generate a sampling sound at a desired reproduction pitch.

[0003]

In a conventional sampling device, a sampled original sound is assigned to a predetermined key, and when the key is depressed, the original sound is directly emitted as a sampled sound. When the key is depressed, the pitch of the original sound is converted in accordance with the pitch designated by the depressed key to obtain the reproduction pitch of the sampled sound. Therefore, if the pitch of the key to which the original sound is assigned does not match the pitch of the original sound, a problem occurs that the sampled sound cannot be reproduced at the correct pitch.

A conventional sampling device is also known which has a function of enabling pitch conversion of an original sound sampled in accordance with automatic performance data to enable automatic performance using the sampled sound. If the pitch of the sampled original sound does not match the pitch of the performance data to which the original sound is assigned in the device, there is a problem that the music cannot be automatically played with an appropriate pitch relationship.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has as its object to provide a sampling device capable of reproducing a sampled sound based on a correct pitch relationship.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, sampling data obtained by sampling an original sound is stored in a storage means,
When the sampling device reads out the sampling data from the storage means at a reading speed corresponding to the key pressing operation and generates a sampling sound of a desired pitch, and performs a key pressing operation to allocate an original sound to be sampled before starting sampling. And a key allocating means for generating a confirmation sound having a pitch corresponding to the depressed key and allocating an original sound to the key.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the sampling data obtained by sampling the original sound is stored in the storage means, and the sampled data is read out from the storage means at a reading speed corresponding to the key depression operation, and the desired data is read out. A sampling device for generating a sampled sound having a pitch of (1), characterized by comprising key assigning means for extracting a pitch of the sampled original sound and assigning the original sound to a key having the same pitch relationship as the extracted pitch.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a sampling device for performing pitch conversion of a sampled original sound in accordance with automatic performance data and performing automatic performance with the sampled sound, pitch extracting means for extracting a pitch of the sampled original sound, Event information is read at each event execution timing specified by the automatic performance data, and when the read event information is a note-on event, the pitch between the original sound pitch extracted by the pitch extracting means and the center pitch included in the automatic performance data Transposing means for transposing the pitch information in the event information forming the automatic performance data according to the difference.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, if a key-depressing operation is performed to assign an original sound to be sampled before the sampling is started, a confirmation sound of a pitch corresponding to the depressed key is generated. On the other hand, at each event execution timing designated by the automatic performance data, the key information is read out in synchronization with the progress of the music, and the key information is read out when the read out event information is a note-on event. Automatically performing the automatic performance while transposing the pitch information in the event information forming the automatic performance data according to the pitch difference between the key pitch to which the original sound is allocated by the key allocation means and the central pitch included in the automatic performance data. And a performance means.

According to the present invention, when a key is pressed to assign an original sound to be sampled before the start of sampling, a confirmation sound having a pitch corresponding to the depressed key is generated, while the original sound is assigned to the key. Since the pitch of the assigned original sound is extracted and the original sound is assigned to a key having the same pitch relationship as the extracted pitch, the sampled sound can be reproduced based on the correct pitch relationship. When automatically playing the sampled original sound in accordance with the automatic performance data, the music is played according to the pitch of the key to which the sampled original sound is assigned, or the pitch difference between the extracted original sound pitch and the center pitch included in the automatic performance data. Since the range is transposed, the sampled sound can be reproduced based on the correct pitch relationship even when the sampled original sound is pitch-converted according to the automatic performance data and the automatic performance using the sampled sound is performed.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The sampling apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to a DTM (Desktop Music) apparatus using a personal computer in addition to a well-known electronic musical instrument. Hereinafter, a sampling device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described as an example with reference to the drawings.

A. Configuration of First Embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 are an external view and a block diagram showing the external appearance and configuration of a sampling device according to a first embodiment, respectively. In these figures, reference numeral 1 denotes a keyboard which generates performance information including a key-on / key-off signal in response to a key-release operation, a key number (or a key code), a velocity corresponding to a key-depression speed (strength), and the like.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a panel switch section including various switches and controls provided on the operation panel surface.
As shown in FIG. 1, the panel switch unit 2 includes:
Sampling switch 2a for instructing execution / stop of sampling, mode switch 2b for designating operation mode
Further, a start / stop switch 2c for instructing start / stop of the automatic performance, a power switch 2d for turning on / off the apparatus power, and the like are provided.

When the sampling switch 2a is depressed (on operation) and then released (off operation), it generates a switch signal indicating a sampling standby state. The mode switch 2b is a switch for alternately designating the operation mode to "reproduction mode" or "sampling mode" each time the mode switch 2b is pressed (turned on). The “reproduction mode” in this embodiment refers to an operation of reproducing a sampling waveform recorded under the “sampling mode” in accordance with automatic performance data.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a microphone, and 4 denotes an A / A that amplifies an audio signal input via the microphone 3 to a predetermined level and then samples the audio signal at a predetermined sampling frequency.
It is a D converter. Reference numeral 5 denotes a CPU that controls each unit of the apparatus. A series of operations relating to the gist of the present invention will be described later. Reference numeral 6 denotes a ROM for storing various control programs loaded on the CPU 5. The ROM 6 is provided with a data storage area, in which sine wave data and automatic performance data described later are stored.

The sine wave data stored in the data storage area of the ROM 6 is used to generate a confirmation sound (described later) having a reference pitch (pitch). Also,
In the storage area, automatic performance data of a plurality of music pieces are preset, and automatic performance data of the music pieces are desirably selected from these preset data and stored in the RAM 7 described later.
The automatic performance data is composed of the central pitch of the music, time-series timing information and event information arranged in the music progression order.

The RAM 7 is used as a work area of the CPU 5, and has a register area for storing various register / flag data and a data area for temporarily storing the sine wave data and the automatic performance data. Here, the data area of the RAM 7 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, SWE is a sine wave storage area, and the sine wave amplitude (1) transferred from the ROM 6
To (N) are temporarily stored. SPE is a sampling data storage area.
The sampling data DS (amplitude (1) to (N)) generated by the D converter 4 is stored. APE is automatic performance data stored in the ROM 6, that is, the timing information TIME (1) to the center pitch CP and the timing information TIME (1) arranged in the music progression order.
The automatic performance data storage area stores (N) and event information EVENT (1) to (N).

Reference numeral 8 denotes a sound source which is constituted by a well-known waveform memory reading method and has a plurality of simultaneous sounding channels which operate in a time-division manner. Under the control of the CPU 5, the sound source 8 uses a sine wave or sampled original sound based on performance information generated in response to a key press / release operation or automatic performance data sequentially read from the automatic performance data storage area APE of the RAM 7. And synthesizes a musical tone, and outputs this as musical tone data W. Reference numeral 9 denotes a sound system which converts the musical tone data W output from the sound source 8 into an analog waveform signal, amplifies the analog waveform signal, and generates the analog waveform signal from the speaker SP.

B. Operation of First Embodiment Next, an operation of the first embodiment having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. Hereinafter, first, the operation of the main routine will be described as an outline of the operation, and then a series of processing operations called from the main routine will be described.

(1) Operation of Main Routine First, when power is turned on in this embodiment, the CPU 5
Read and load a predetermined control program from M6,
The process proceeds to step SA1 of the main routine shown in FIG. In step SA1, various registers and flags provided in the work area of the RAM 7 are reset to zero and initial values are set, and an initialization process for giving the tone generator 8 an instruction to initialize the internal register and flags is performed.

When the initialization process is completed, the CPU
5 advances the process to the next step SA2, a process corresponding to a switch operation on the panel switch unit 2, that is,
A switch process for executing a mode transition according to the operation of the mode switch 2b, a sampling start instruction by the operation of the sampling switch 2a, or an automatic performance start instruction according to the operation of the start / stop switch 2c is executed.

Next, when the flow advances to step SA3, the CPU
Numeral 5 scans each key of the keyboard 1 to detect the presence / absence of a key event due to a key press / release operation, determines the content of the detected event, and sets flags ONTF and ON according to the determined event.
An F (described later) is set or an original sound to be sampled is assigned to a key depressed, and keyboard processing is performed to instruct the generation of a confirmation sound at the pitch of the assigned key.

Subsequently, in step SA4, after a sampling standby state is established by a series of switch operations, when the audio signal input via the microphone 3 becomes higher than a predetermined level, the audio signal is sequentially sampled and R
A sampling process is performed to write the data into the sampling data storage area SPE of the AM 7 and stop the recording at the end of the sampling period.

Next, at step SA5, the CPU 5
In the automatic performance start state, at each event execution timing specified by the automatic performance data, event information is read out in synchronization with the progress of the song, and if the read out event information is a note-on event, the sampled original sound is assigned An automatic performance process for transposing the musical range according to the pitch difference between the pitch of the key and the central pitch CP of the automatic performance data is executed.

Then, in step SA6, the confirmation sound instructed to be sounded in step SA3,
At step A6, a sound generation process for generating a sampled sound instructed to generate a sound in accordance with the automatic performance data transposed is performed. At step SA7, other processes such as effect addition are performed, and thereafter, the process returns to step SA1 again. Each of the above-described processes is repeated.

(2) Operation of Switch Processing Routine Next, the operation of the switch processing routine will be described with reference to FIG. When the switch processing routine is executed through the above-described step SA2, the CPU 5 advances the processing to step SB1 shown in FIG. In step SB1,
It is determined whether or not the mode switch 2b has been turned on.

Here, if the mode switch 2b is turned on, the result of the determination is "YES" and step S
The process proceeds to B2 to invert the bit of the mode flag MF stored in the register MF, and proceeds to the next step SB3. On the other hand, when the mode switch 2b is not turned on, the result of the determination in step SB1 is "NO", and the process proceeds to step SB3. Hereinafter, the description will proceed with the operation in the case where the sampling mode is set and the operation in the case where the reproduction mode is set.

Operation when the sampling mode is set In this case, since the mode flag MF is set to "1", the result of determination in step SB3 is "YES", the process proceeds to the next step SB4, and the sampling switch 2a is turned on. It is determined whether or not the button is being pressed (on operation). And
If the sampling switch 2a is being turned on, the determination result is "YES", and the routine proceeds to Step SB5 where a flag is set.

That is, in step SB5, the flag ORIGINALF stored in the register ORIGINALF is set to "1" in the sampling mode to indicate the state before the start of the sampling, and in step SB6, the flag PITCHF is stored in the register PITCHF. The flag PITCHF to be executed is set to “0”. The purpose of the flag PITCHF will be described later.

On the other hand, if the sampling switch 2a is not turned on in the sampling mode, the result of the determination in step SB4 is "NO".
, And the process proceeds to Step SB7. In step SB7,
It is determined whether the flag ORIGINALF is "1", that is, whether the sampling switch 2a is being turned on.

Here, when the sampling switch 2a is not continuously turned on, the determination result is "NO", and the process proceeds to Step SB10 to be described later. Step S
The process proceeds to B8. Then, in a step SB8, the flag ORIGINALF is reset to zero. In a succeeding step SB9, the flag TAIKIF stored in the register TAIKIF is set to "1" to indicate a sampling standby state, and then the process proceeds to a step SB10.

Therefore, in the sampling mode, the sampling switch 2a is turned on after being turned on, thereby setting a sampling standby state.

Operation when the playback mode is set In this case, the mode flag MF is set to "0", so that the determination result in step SB10 is "YES", the process proceeds to the next step SB11, and the automatic performance starts. It is determined whether or not the start / stop switch 2c for instructing stop has been turned on. Here, if the switch 2c is turned on, the determination result is "YES" and the process proceeds to the next step SB12, but if not, the process proceeds to step SB13 (see FIG. 6) described later.

When the process proceeds to step SB12 in response to the ON operation of the start / stop switch 2c, the CPU
5 is a flag STAR stored in the register STARTF.
The bit of the TF is inverted, and in the next step SB13, it is determined whether or not the bit-inverted flag STARTF is "1", that is, it is a start instruction. Here, if the bit-inverted flag STARTF is not “1” but indicates a stop instruction, the determination result is “NO”, and
Proceeding to step SB14 shown in FIG. 6, a mute instruction is given for the automatic performance data that is currently sounding.
In step 15, the timer 1 interrupt (described later) is prohibited and the automatic performance is stopped.

On the other hand, in the case of a start instruction, the result of determination in step SB13 is "YES", and various settings necessary for automatic performance are performed through steps SB16 to SB22, and then automatic performance is performed via step SB23. Start. That is, in step SB16, the automatic performance data storage area APE (FIG.
Address) of the address counter A
In step SB17, the center pitch CP read from the automatic performance data storage area APE in accordance with the start address START stored in the address counter ADDRESS1 is stored in the register CHUSIN.

Next, at step SB18, the register P
It is determined whether or not the flag PITCHF stored in ITCHF is “1”, that is, whether or not the sampled original sound is assigned to the key. Then, when the original sound is assigned a key, the judgment result is "YES", and the process proceeds to the next Step SB19 where the register ORIGI
By subtracting the center pitch CP stored in the register CHUSIN from the key number stored in the NAL, that is, the key number of the key to which the original sound is assigned, the pitch of the key to which the original sound is assigned and the center of the automatic performance data. After the pitch difference from the pitch is registered in the register SABUN, the process proceeds to step SB21 described later.

On the other hand, when the flag PITCHF stored in the register PITCHF is "0", that is, when no key is assigned to the sampled original sound, the result of the determination in step SB18 is "NO", and the process proceeds to step SB20. Advance. In step SB20, the value of the register SABUN is set to “0”, and the next step SB20 is executed.
The process proceeds to 21.

Then, when the flow advances to step SB21, the CP
U5 increments the address stored in the address counter ADDRESS1 and increments the address. In the next step SB22, the timing information TIME is read from the automatic performance data storage area APE in accordance with the incremented address.
(1) is read out and stored in the register TIME.

Next, at step SB23, the timer 1
Remove interrupt prohibition. As a result, a timer 1 interrupt for sequentially reading out automatic performance data in synchronization with a predetermined tempo is started, and the timing information TIME is output.
Automatic performance proceeds sequentially from the event timing corresponding to (1). Then, after this, the CPU 5 proceeds to step S
The process proceeds to B24, and after executing other switch processing such as tone color switching in accordance with the operation of the tone color selection switch, the present routine is completed, and the process returns to the main routine.

(3) Operation of Keyboard Processing Routine Next, the operation of the keyboard processing routine will be described with reference to FIG. When this routine is executed through step SA3 described above, CPU 5 executes step SC1 shown in FIG.
The key 1 is scanned to determine a key change. That is, if no key operation is performed and there is no key change, this routine is completed without any processing, and when a key-off event corresponding to the key release operation occurs, step SC7 is performed.
The flag stored in the register ONF is turned on.
This routine is completed after F is set to "0" to indicate the key-off state.

On the other hand, when a key-on event occurs in response to the key depression operation, the process proceeds to step SC1 through step SC1.
The process proceeds to step 2 to set the on-trigger flag ONTF stored in the register ONTF to "1" to indicate the occurrence of an on-event. In the subsequent step SC3, a key number representing the pitch of the depressed key is stored in the register NOTE Store in

Next, in step SC4, it is determined whether or not the above-mentioned flag ORIGINALF is "1", that is, whether or not the state is before the start of sampling. Here, if the state is after sampling is completed, the determination result is “NO”, and this routine is completed. If the state is before sampling is started, the determination result is “YE”.
S ", and proceeds to the next step SC5.

At step SC5, the key number stored in the register NOTE is stored in the register ORIGINAL. As a result, the key to which the original sound to be sampled is assigned is specified. In the subsequent step SC6, the register PITCHF is set to indicate that the key has been specified.
Is set to "1", and this routine is completed.

As described above, in the keyboard processing routine, while the flags ONTF and ONF are set in accordance with the key press / release operation, if the key is pressed while the sampling switch 2a is turned on, the key is pressed. The original sound to be sampled is assigned to the key.

(4) Operation of Sampling Processing Routine Next, the operation of the sampling processing routine will be described with reference to FIG. When this routine is executed via the above-described step SA4, the CPU 5 advances the processing to step SD1 shown in FIG. 8, and determines whether or not the flag TAIKIF stored in the register TAIKIF is "1", that is, whether or not it is in the sampling standby state. Judge.

Here, it is assumed that while the sampling switch 2a is turned on, a key having a desired pitch is depressed in order to allocate an original sound to be sampled, and then the sampling switch 2a is turned off. Then, the flag TAIKI is passed through the above-described step SB9 (see FIG. 5).
Since F is set to "1" and the apparatus enters the sampling standby state, the result of determination in step SD1 becomes "YES",
The process proceeds to the next Step SD2.

In step SD2, it is determined whether or not there is an input of sampling data from the A / D converter 4. If there is no input, this routine is completed once. Proceed with the process. Then, when proceeding to step SD3, the CPU 5 sends the sampling data input from the A / D converter 4 to the register DATA.
At the subsequent step SD4.
It is determined whether the sampling data (amplitude value) temporarily stored in the TA is larger than a threshold value.

When the sampling data does not exceed the threshold value, it is regarded as an invalid input and the judgment result is "N".
O ", the routine is once completed, but if the input exceeds the threshold value, it is determined that the input is valid, and the process proceeds to the next Step SD5, where the set time corresponding to the sampling period is set to Register TIME2
Set to. Next, at step SD6, the flag SAMLIN stored in the register SAMLINGF
GF is set to "1" to indicate that sampling is being executed, and in the following step SD7, the flag TAIKIF is set to "0".

When the flow advances to step SD8, the CPU
5 is a sampling data storage area SPE of the RAM 7
The start address WAVE (see FIG. 3) is stored in the address counter ADDRESS2, and the next step SD9
Then, the sampling data DS stored in the register DATA is written to the head address WAVE stored in the address counter ADDRESS2. Thereafter, the process proceeds to Step SD10, where the address counter ADD
This routine is completed once the write address stored in RESS2 is incremented.

Thus, the first sampling data DS
Is written again after this is written, at this time, since the flag TAIKIF is "0", the result of the determination in step SD1 is "NO", and the process proceeds to step SD11. . Step SD
At 11, it is determined whether the flag SAMPLING is "1", that is, whether sampling is being performed. If sampling is being performed, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to the next Step SD12. However, if the sampling period is over, the determination result is “NO”, and this routine is completed.

Then, during the execution of the sampling, the process proceeds to step SD12, where it is determined whether or not there is a sampling data input from the A / D converter 4. If there is no input, the determination result is "NO", which will be described later. Step SD1
The process proceeds to 6. On the other hand, if there is an input, the process proceeds to the next step SD13, and the sampling data input from the A / D converter 4 is stored in the register DATA. Subsequently, in step SD14, the address counter ADD
Sampling data DS held in register DATA according to the write address stored in RESS2.
Is written to the sampling data storage area SPE. Thereafter, in step SD15, the address counter ADD
The write address of RESS2 is incremented.

Next, proceeding to step SD16, the CPU
Reference numeral 5 determines whether the set time set in the register TIME2 has elapsed, that is, whether the sampling period has ended. The set time set in the register TIME2 is sequentially decremented at regular intervals by a timer 2 interrupt process (not shown).

Now, if the sampling period has not ended,
The result of the determination in step SD16 is "NO", and this routine is once completed. However, when the sampling period has ended, the result of the determination is "YES", and the process proceeds to the next step SD17. In step SD17, the flag SAMPLINGF is set to "0" to indicate the sampling end state. In step SD18, the timer 2 interrupt processing for sequentially decrementing the set time set in the register TIME2 at regular intervals is prohibited. This routine will be completed later.

As described above, in the sampling processing routine, after a series of operations in a sampling standby state, that is, a key to which the original sound to be sampled is designated by pressing a key while turning on the sampling switch 2a, and then performing sampling. When the switch 2a is turned off, the input of the sampling data is waited. When the sampling data DS of a predetermined level or more is input, the sampling data DS is sequentially taken in during a predetermined sampling period and written into the sampling data storage area SPE of the RAM 7. The recording is stopped at the end of the sampling period.

(5) Operation of Automatic Performance Processing Routine Next, the operation of the automatic performance processing routine will be described with reference to FIGS. When this routine is executed via the above-described step SA5, the CPU 5 advances the processing to step SE1 shown in FIG. 9, and determines whether or not the value of the register TIME1 is "0" or less.

That is, the timing information TIME indicating the event interval is set in the register TIME1 (see step SB22 in FIG. 6), and the value of the register TIME1 is set to the timer 1 (not shown).
It is decremented at regular intervals by the interrupt processing, thereby managing the timing until the next event execution. Therefore, in step SE1, it is determined whether or not the event execution timing has been reached.

If it is not at the event execution timing, the result of the determination at step SE1 is "NO". In this case, this routine is completed without performing any processing. "YES" is determined, and the process proceeds to the next step SE2. Step SE
In step 2, the address value stored in the address counter ADDRESS1 is incremented by one and incremented, and in step SE3, according to the incremented address,
The event information EVENT is read from the automatic performance data storage area APE (see FIG. 3) of the RAM 7 and stored in the register EVENT.

Subsequently, in step SE4, it is determined whether or not the incremented address value is an end address END indicating the end of the music piece. Here, if the address value is the end address END, the judgment result is "YES", and the process proceeds to the next step SE5 to set the register STARTF
Is set to "0" to indicate the end of the automatic performance, and this routine is completed. On the other hand, if the address value is not the end address END, the result of the determination in step SE4 is "NO", and the process proceeds to step SE6.

At step SE6, the address register ADDRE is read to read the next timing information TIME.
In step SE7, the timing information TIME read out in accordance with the incremented address value is stored in the register TIME.
Store in 1. Thus, the next event timing is managed. Then, when the process proceeds to step SE8, the CP
U5 stores information representing the event type such as note on / off in the register STAUS and the pitch information in the register NOTE among the event information stored in the register EVENT.

Next, when the flow advances to step SE10 shown in FIG. 10, the type of the event stored in the register STATUS is determined. Here, when the event stored in the register STATUS is a note-off event, step S
Proceeds to E10 and turns on the flag stored in register ONF
F is set to "0" to indicate a mute event. on the other hand,
At the time of the note-on event, the process proceeds to step SE11, and the on-trigger flag ONTF is set to "1" to indicate a sounding event.

In the case of a sound generation event, the process proceeds to the next step SE12, where the value of the above-mentioned register SABUN is added to the pitch information stored in the register NOTE to update the value of the register NOTE. That is,
The musical range to be automatically played is transposed according to the pitch difference between the key pitch to which the sampled original sound is assigned and the central pitch CP of the automatic performance data, and thereafter, this routine is completed.

As described above, in the automatic performance processing routine, the event information is sequentially read out at each event execution timing, and when the read out event information is a note-on event, the pitch of the key to which the sampled original sound is assigned and the automatic According to the pitch difference from the center pitch CP of the performance data, the range of the music to be automatically performed is transposed. When no key is assigned to the sampled original sound, the value of the register SABUN is "0", so that no transposition is performed in this case.

(6) Operation of the sound emission processing routine Next, the operation of the sound emission processing routine will be described with reference to FIGS. When this routine is executed via the above-described step SA6, the CPU 5 proceeds to step SF1 shown in FIG. 11, and determines whether or not the on-trigger flag ONTF stored in the register ONTF is “1”.
That is, it is determined whether or not a key-on event corresponding to a key depression or a note-on event based on automatic performance data has occurred. Hereinafter, the operation at the time of occurrence of the on-event and the operation during the on-event will be separately described.

Processing when an ON Event Occurs In this case, the result of the determination is "YES", the processing proceeds to the next step SF2, and it is determined whether or not the flag ORIGINALF is "1". That is, it is determined whether the state is before the start of sampling or after the end of sampling.

(A) State Before Sampling In the state before sampling is started, while the sampling switch 2a is turned on, a pitch key to which an original sound to be sampled is assigned is selected, and a key to be assigned is pressed. Lock the key and sound a confirmation sound (sine wave) at the pitch of the key. Therefore, when this confirmation sound is to be emitted, the determination result in step SF2 becomes “YES”, the process proceeds to the next step SF3, and is stored in the sine wave storage area SWE of the RAM 7 (see FIG. 3). To read the sine wave amplitude value, the head address is stored in the address counter ADDRESS2.

In the following step SF4, the register NOT
The step address width corresponding to the value of E is stored in the register ΔA. In this register NOTE, the key number of the key depressed for key assignment is stored. Therefore, a step address width for realizing a reading speed corresponding to the pitch of a depressed key is set in the register ΔA. Next, when the flow proceeds to step SF5, the sine wave amplitude value is stored in the sine wave storage area SWE of the RAM 7 according to the head address stored in the address counter ADDRESS2.
And sets it in the register DATA.

In step SF6, the sine wave amplitude value stored in the register DATA is output to the sound source 8. Thereafter, the CPU 5 proceeds to step SF7, sets the ON flag ONF stored in the register ONF to “1” to indicate the note-on state, and in step SF8, resets the ON trigger flag ONTF to zero, and then temporarily This routine is completed.

(B) State After Sampling On the other hand, when sampling is completed and the sampled sound is generated based on the sampled original sound, the result of the determination in step SF2 is "NO", and the process proceeds to step SF9. Advance. In step SF9, the RAM
7 sampling data storage area SPE (see FIG. 3)
To read the sampling data DS stored in the address counter ADDRESS2.

Next, at step SF10, the step address width corresponding to the pitch instructed to generate sound is stored in the register ΔA. That is, the step address width corresponding to the pitch stored in the register NOTE is stored in the register ΔA. Then, in step SF11, the register NOTE
Is multiplied by the step address width stored in the register ΔA by the ratio of the value of the register ORIGINAL to the pitch of the key to which the original tone is assigned and the pitch of the key to which the original tone is assigned.

As described above, when the pitch conversion is performed by adjusting the reading speed so that the sampled sound is generated at the correct pitch, the sampling is performed in accordance with the head address stored in the address counter ADDRESS2 in the same manner as the above item (a). Data is read from the sampling data storage area SPE of the RAM 7 and the data
After that, the sampling data stored in the register DATA is output to the sound source 8. Thereafter, the on-flag ONF is set to "1" to indicate the note-on state, and the on-trigger flag ONTF is reset to zero, and then this routine is once completed.

Operation during ON Event As described above, when this routine is executed again after the processing at the time of occurrence of the ON event is completed, the ON trigger flag ONTF becomes "0". As a result, the determination result of step SF1 described above becomes “NO”, and FIG.
The process proceeds to Step SF12 shown in FIG.

Then, in a step SF12, it is determined whether or not the ON flag ONF is "1", that is, whether or not the ON event is being performed. If it is during the ON event, the determination result is “YES”, and the process proceeds to the next Step SF13. During the off event, the above-described step SF1 is performed.
The determination result of step 2 is "NO", and in this case, this routine is completed without performing any processing.

At step SF13, the CPU 5
The address counter ADDRESS2 is added to the increment address width stored in the register ΔA, and the subsequent step S
In F14, the incremented address counter ADDR
It is determined whether the value of ESS2 has exceeded the end address END. Here, the address after the advance is the end address E
When it exceeds ND, the determination result is “YES”, and the flow proceeds to the next Step SF15. In step SF15, in order to perform a well-known loop reproduction, the address counter ADDR is used.
The address stored in ESS2 is returned to the start address side, and the process proceeds to the next step SF16.

In step SF15, when the address is returned to the start address, the confirmation sound is reproduced, the reproduction is returned to the start address of the sine wave data storage area SWE, and when the sampling sound is reproduced, the sampling data is stored. The address is set to return to the head address side of the area SPE, and at this time, the address is set so as to correspond to an amplitude value at which waveform discontinuity does not occur.

On the other hand, the address after the advance is the end address E
If it does not exceed ND, the result of the determination in step SF14 is "NO", and the flow proceeds to step SF16. In step SF16, the integer part of the address stored in the address counter ADDRESS2 is stored in the register SEISU.
In a succeeding step SF17, the decimal part is stored in the register SYOSU.
To each. Next, at step SF18, the read waveform amplitude value corresponding to the address integer part stored in the register SEISU is stored in the register DATA1.

Next, in step SF19, the register S
The address integer part stored in the EISU is incremented by one, and it is determined whether or not the incremented address integer part exceeds the end address END. Here, when the incremented address integer part does not exceed the end address END, the determination result is “NO”, and the next step SF2
The process proceeds to 0, and the waveform amplitude value read corresponding to the incremented address integer part is stored in the register DATA2. If not, the process proceeds to step SF21.

At step SF21, the flag ORIGI
It is determined whether or not NALF is "1", that is, whether the confirmation sound is reproduced or the sampled sound is reproduced. Here, the flag ORIGINAL
If F is "1" and the confirmation sound is being reproduced, the determination result is "YES", the process proceeds to step SF22, and the waveform amplitude value corresponding to the leading address of the sine wave is stored in the register DATA2. . On the other hand, if the sampled sound is being reproduced, the judgment result is “N”.
"O", the process proceeds to step SF23, and the waveform amplitude value corresponding to the start address of the sampling data DS is stored in the register DATA2.

When the waveform amplitude values respectively corresponding to the address integer part and the next address integer part advanced by ΔA are set in the registers DATA1 and DATA2, the CPU 5 proceeds to step SF24 shown in FIG.
The waveform amplitude values set in these registers DATA1 and DATA2 are interpolated by decimal parts. That is, the difference between the waveform amplitude value corresponding to the next address integer part stored in the register DATA2 and the waveform amplitude value corresponding to the address integer part stored in the register DATA1 is multiplied by the decimal part, and the multiplication result is stored in the register DATA1. Is added to the waveform amplitude value corresponding to the address integer part stored in the register and stored in the register DATA.

Thereafter, the CPU 5 proceeds to step SF
The process advances to step 25 to generate a waveform-interpolated waveform amplitude value stored in the register DATA. As a result, the sound source 8 generates musical sound data W obtained by synthesizing musical sounds based on the waveform amplitude value, and is generated via the sound system 9.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, in the sampling mode, the sampling switch 2a
When a key is pressed to assign an original sound to be sampled while turning ON, a confirmation sound (sine wave) having a pitch corresponding to the key is generated. For this reason, the original sound to be sampled can be assigned in advance to a key having an appropriate pitch relationship. Then, when the sampling switch 2a is turned off after that, the sampling data input waits. When the sampling data DS having a predetermined level or more is input, the sampling data DS is sequentially taken and written into the sampling data storage area SPE of the RAM 7.

On the other hand, when the automatic performance is started in the reproduction mode, the event information is read out in synchronization with the progress of the music at every event execution timing specified by the automatic performance data, and the read out event information is the note-on event. Sometimes, the automatic performance proceeds while transposing the musical range according to the pitch difference between the pitch of the key to which the sampled original sound is assigned and the central pitch CP of the automatic performance data. Thus, the sampled sound is reproduced based on the correct pitch relationship.

C. Second Embodiment Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In the above-described first embodiment, the original sound to be sampled is assigned to a key having an appropriate pitch relationship, so that the sampled sound can be reproduced in the correct pitch relationship. In the second embodiment, the sample sound is reproduced manually. Rather than assigning the original sound to be sampled to a key having an appropriate pitch relationship, the pitch of the original sound to be sampled is extracted and automatically assigned to a key having a pitch matching the pitch. .

The configuration of the second embodiment is the same as that of the above-described first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that a pitch extraction process of step SG4 in the main routine shown in FIG. 14 is newly provided, and the keyboard process of step SG5 is changed correspondingly. The other processing operations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Therefore, each operation of the pitch extraction processing routine and the keyboard processing routine, which are different from the first embodiment, will be described below.

(1) Operation of Pitch Extraction Processing Routine In the second embodiment, step SG4 of the main routine (FIG. 1)
4), the pitch extraction processing routine shown in FIG. 15 is executed, and the process proceeds to step SH1. Step S
In H1, the CPU 5 determines whether the value of the flag PITCHF is "0", that is, whether a key to be assigned to the sampled original sound has been determined. If the key has already been determined, the processing of this routine is performed. Since it is not necessary, the determination result is “NO”, and this routine is completed.

On the other hand, if the key to be assigned to the sampled original sound has not been determined, the result of this determination is "YES" and the flow advances to the next step SH2. In step SH2, the flag ORIGINALF is set to "0",
That is, similarly to the above-described first embodiment, it is determined whether or not the state is after sampling is completed. Here, if sampling is not completed, since the pitch of the sampled original sound cannot be extracted, the determination result is “NO”, and this routine is completed without performing any processing.

On the other hand, if the sampling has been completed, the judgment result is "YES", the process proceeds to step SH3, and the sampling data storage area S
The start address of the PE (see FIG. 3) is used as the address counter A.
Set to DDRESS2. Then, step SH4
Then, the register N for counting the number of data is cleared to zero, and in the subsequent step SH, the initial value "1" is stored in the register COUNT. Note that this register COUNT
Is a counter that sequentially accumulates the number of data in the vicinity of the zero cross where the polarity is inverted (including the zero cross point) in the sampling data DS.

Next, when the flow advances to step SH6, the CPU
Reference numeral 5 first reads the sampling data of the head address set in the address counter ADDRESS2 and stores it in the register DATA1. Next, in step SH7, the address value of the address counter ADDRESS2 is incremented by one and incremented, and the sampling data read in accordance with the incremented address is stored in the register DATA2.

Subsequently, in step SH8, it is determined whether or not the sign (polarity) of the sampling data stored in the registers DATA1 and DATA2, that is, the sampling data of the addresses adjacent to each other is different. If the signs are the same, the determination result is "NO", the process proceeds to step SH9, the value of the register N is incremented by 1, and the process returns to step SH6. Thus, it is determined whether or not the polarity of the sampling data of the next adjacent address is inverted.

When the sign of the sampling data differs between adjacent addresses and polarity inversion is detected,
The result of the determination in step SH8 is "YES", and the process proceeds to step SH10. In step SH10, it is determined whether or not the value of the above-described register COUNT is "1", that is, whether the first zero-crossing near-point address (including the address immediately below the zero-crossing point) is detected.

If the first zero-crossing near-point address (including the address immediately below the zero-crossing point) is detected, the process proceeds to the next step SH11, where the register COUNT is set.
Is set to “2”. Thereafter, step SH12
In step SH14, the number of data stored in the register N is stored in the register FIRST. In step SH14, the sign of the sampling data stored in the register DATA1 is stored in the register FUGO.
The process returns to H9.

On the other hand, if the second and subsequent zero-crossing point addresses (including the address immediately below the zero-crossing point) are detected, the result of the determination in step SH10 is “N”.
O ", and the process proceeds to step SH15. In step SH15, when the zero-crossing near-point address is detected for the first time, the code stored in the register FUGO matches the sign of the current sampling data stored in the register DATA1, that is, the first zero-crossing near-point address is used as the starting point. It is determined whether the sampling data for one cycle has been read.

If one cycle of the sampling data has not been read, the determination result is "NO", and the process returns to step SH9 to continue reading the sampling data. In the case of reading, the judgment result is “YES”,
The process proceeds to step SH16. In step SH16, the number of data stored in the register N is stored back in the register SECOND, and the next step SH17
Processing proceeds to

In step SH17, this register SE
The difference between the number of data stored in the COND and the number of data stored in the register FIRST, that is, the address separation value for one cycle of the sampling data is obtained, and based on the obtained address separation value, the pitch table TABLE is referred to and the basics of the sampling data DS are obtained. Extract pitch and register O
Store in SIGNAL. Then, after that, the flag PITCHF is set to "1", and this routine is completed. The pitch table TABLE is a data table in which pitch data (key numbers) corresponding to various address separation values are stored in advance, and the pitch data (key number) corresponding to the address separation value for one cycle of the sampling data as a read address. ) Is read out.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, after sampling is completed, the address separation value for one cycle of the sampling data is obtained, and the pitch of the sampling data DS is extracted based on the address separation value. It is possible to automatically assign a key with the same pitch as.
As a result, similarly to the first embodiment, the sampled sound can be reproduced based on the correct pitch relationship.

(2) Operation of Keyboard Processing Routine As described above, in the case of the second embodiment in which pitch extraction is performed, the keyboard processing routine operates as shown in FIG. That is, when the keyboard processing routine is executed via the above-described step SG5 (see FIG. 14), the CPU 5 advances the process to step SJ1 in FIG. 16, and scans each key of the keyboard 1 to determine a key change.

If no key operation is performed and there is no key change, this routine is completed without performing any processing, and when a key-off event corresponding to the key release operation occurs, step SJ2 is performed.
The flag stored in the register ONF is turned on.
This routine is completed after F is set to "0" to indicate the key-off state. On the other hand, when a key-on event corresponding to the key-pressing operation occurs, the process proceeds to step SJ3, and sets the on-trigger flag ONTF stored in the register ONTF to “1” to indicate that the on-event has occurred. The key number indicating the pitch of the key is stored in the register NOTE.

In the second embodiment, when the automatic performance starts in the reproduction mode, the first
As in the embodiment, at each event execution timing specified by the automatic performance data, the event information is read out in synchronization with the progress of the music, and when the read out event information is a note-on event, the sampled original sound is assigned to the key. The automatic performance proceeds while transposing the musical range according to the pitch difference between the pitch and the central pitch CP of the automatic performance data.

[0098] For example, if the music to be shown in FIG. 17 (a) is registered as automatic performance data, the center tone pitch CP of the automatic performance data becomes E ₄ sound ( "mi"). When the pitch of the original sound sampled by the operation of the pitch extraction process routine described above is A ₄ sound, each note of the automatic performance data is transposed fully 5 degrees each in accordance with pitch difference between the original pitch and the center tone pitch CP As a result, the sampled sound can be reproduced based on the correct pitch relationship.

In the second embodiment, the address separation value for one cycle of the sampling data is obtained, and the pitch of the sampling data DS is extracted based on the address separation value. However, the present invention is not limited to this. While sampling the original sound, a method of performing a fast Fourier transform on the sampled original sound in real time to extract the basic pitch may be used.

In the case of performing pitch extraction, an optimum pitch extraction point may be selected according to the type of original sound to be sampled. For example, when a waveform suddenly rises like a striking sound, Is difficult to extract pitch,
In that case, the pitch is extracted when the original sound waveform has settled down to some extent. Further, when sampling a human voice, pitch can be extracted using waveform processing such as a data reduction method, correlation processing such as an autocorrelation method or an AMDF method, or spectrum processing such as a cepstrum.

[0101]

According to the present invention, when a key is pressed to assign an original sound to be sampled before the start of sampling, a confirmation sound having a pitch corresponding to the pressed key is generated. The original sound is assigned to the key, the pitch of the sampled original sound is extracted, and the original sound is assigned to the key having the same pitch relationship as the extracted pitch, so that the sampled sound can be reproduced based on the correct pitch relationship. When automatically playing the sampled original sound in accordance with the automatic performance data, the music is played according to the pitch of the key to which the sampled original sound is assigned, or the pitch difference between the extracted original sound pitch and the center pitch included in the automatic performance data. Since the range is transposed, the sampled sound can be reproduced based on the correct pitch relationship even when the sampled original sound is pitch-converted according to the automatic performance data and the automatic performance using the sampled sound is performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing an external appearance of a first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a memory map showing a memory configuration of a RAM 7;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an operation of a main routine in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an operation of a switch processing routine.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation of a switch processing routine.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of a keyboard processing routine.

FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an operation of a sampling processing routine.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the operation of an automatic performance processing routine.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing the operation of an automatic performance processing routine.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the operation of a sound generation processing routine.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of a sound generation processing routine.

FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an operation of a sound generation processing routine.

FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing an operation of a main routine in the second embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing an operation of a pitch extraction processing routine.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing the operation of a keyboard processing routine.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a transposition operation.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Keyboard 2 Panel switch part 3 Microphone 4 A / D converter 5 CPU (Key assignment means, pitch extraction means, transposition means, automatic performance means) 6 ROM 7 RAM 8 Sound source 9 Sound system

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Sampling data obtained by sampling an original sound is stored in a storage means, and the sampling data is read out from the storage means at a reading speed corresponding to a key depression operation to generate a sampling sound having a desired pitch. In the sampling device, if a key press operation is performed to assign an original sound to be sampled before the start of sampling, a confirmation sound of a pitch corresponding to the depressed key is generated, and the original sound is allocated to the key. A sampling device comprising means. 2. Sampling data obtained by sampling an original sound is stored in a storage means, and the sampling data is read out from the storage means at a reading speed corresponding to a key depression operation to generate a sampling sound having a desired pitch. A sampling device, comprising: a key assigning means for extracting a pitch of a sampled original sound and assigning the original sound to a key having the same pitch relationship as the extracted pitch. 3. A sampling device for performing pitch conversion of a sampled original sound in accordance with automatic performance data and performing automatic performance based on the sampled sound, pitch extracting means for extracting a pitch of the sampled original sound, and executing an event specified by the automatic performance data. Event information is read at each timing, and when the read event information is a note-on event, the automatic performance data is formed according to a pitch difference between the original pitch extracted by the pitch extracting means and the center pitch included in the automatic performance data. Transposing means for transposing pitch information in event information. 4. When a key is pressed to assign an original sound to be sampled before starting sampling,
A key assigning means for assigning an original sound to the key while generating a confirmation sound having a pitch corresponding to the pressed key, and an event synchronized with the progress of the music at each event execution timing designated by the automatic performance data. When the read event information is a note-on event, the automatic performance data is read according to the pitch difference between the pitch of the key to which the original sound is allocated by the key allocation means and the central pitch included in the automatic performance data. An automatic performance means for automatically performing while transposing pitch information in event information to be formed.