JPH11107954A - Vane compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a vane or cam surface from being broken even if a foreign matter such as a solid or non-compressible fluid is penetrated by holding a cam member in such a manner as to be movable in the direction of a driving rotating shaft, and energizing it toward the vane by an energizing means. SOLUTION: Half the number of Vanes 18 is moved in X-direction, and the remainder is moved in Y-direction. Thus, the dynamic balance in the operation of a compressor is extremely satisfactory, and vibration is hardly generated. The change of partitioned chamber capacity is realized by cam surfaces 20a, 22a, and the capacity can be easily increased by setting a sufficient axial dimension. When a foreign matter such as a solid or non-compressible fluid is penetrated into a partitioned chamber, at least one of the cam members 20, 22 can be retreated against the energizing force of leaf springs 115, 116. Thus, although the operation of the compressor is interrupted, breakage of the vanes 18 and vane holding member 14 of the compressor and the cam surfaces 20a, 22a of the cam members 20, 22 can be avoided.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a compressor technology, and more particularly to a vane compressor in which damage is prevented in the event of an abnormality such as foreign matter entering the compressor.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art
As the vane compressor, a rotor rotatable around a rotation center orthogonal to these is disposed between two side plates, and a plurality of axial directions arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor along a rotor rotation direction (circumferential direction). Grooves are formed to extend radially and have a radial depth, and an inner portion of the vane is accommodated in each groove so as to be movable in a radial direction, and the rotor contacts the outer edge of the vane radially outward with respect to the rotor. By providing a cam ring as possible and rotating the rotor, the size of the compartment formed between the two adjacent vanes, the rotor outer surface, the cam ring inner surface (inner cam surface), and the two side plates is reduced. There is used one that changes with the rotation of the rotor so that fluid is sucked into the compartment from the suction port, compressed, and then discharged from the discharge port.

In such a vane compressor, the rotor and the casing are increased in radial dimension in order to obtain a large flow rate. However, when it is required to realize a large capacity without increasing the radial dimension, there has been a problem that a material that sufficiently satisfies this requirement cannot be obtained.

In the vane compressor, when foreign matters such as solids and incompressible fluid enter the compartment from the suction port, an inner peripheral cam surface having a reduced interval due to a decrease in the volume of the compartment. Solid matter is caught between the outer peripheral cam surface and the inner peripheral cam surface or the outer peripheral cam surface, or the pressure suddenly increases in the compartment during the volume reduction process and a large force acts on the vane, causing the vane to break. Sometimes

[0005] In order to prevent the compressor from being damaged in the event of such an abnormality, a system that detects a sudden increase in the load resistance and immediately stops the operation of the compressor may be employed. However, such systems are complex and expensive.

Accordingly, the present invention requires a complicated system that can easily realize a large capacity without increasing the radial dimension and that can be used even when foreign matters such as solids and incompressible fluids enter. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vane pump that takes care not to damage the vane and the cam surface without doing so.

[0007]

According to the present invention, a drive rotary shaft is inserted into a casing, and a vane holding member is attached to the drive rotary shaft in the casing. The vane holding member is formed with a plurality of slide grooves for receiving the vanes so as to be reciprocally movable in the direction of the drive rotation shaft, and at least one cam member in the casing is provided with the drive member. It is arranged around the rotation axis,
The cam member has a cam end face formed along the circumferential direction of the drive rotation shaft, and an edge of the vane is brought into contact with the cam end face, and the cam member is connected to the drive rotation shaft. And urged toward the vane by an urging means, the annular cavity formed by the vane holding member, the cam end face of the cam member, and the casing is formed by the casing. A plurality of compartments are defined by the vanes, and the casing has fluid inlets and fluid outlets communicating with the annular cavity alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the drive shaft. With the rotation of the drive rotation shaft, the compartment is communicated with the fluid suction port, fluid is sucked into the compartment via the fluid suction port, and the compartment is disconnected from the fluid suction port. Lean and sealed, reducing volume A vane compressor, wherein the fluid is compressed in the process compartment, the compartment is communicated with the fluid outlet, and the fluid is discharged from the compartment through the fluid outlet. You.

In one aspect of the present invention, the urging means comprises a compression spring interposed between the casing and the cam member.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the cam surface has a shape such that a cycle of increasing and decreasing the volume of the compartment is performed twice per rotation of the drive rotation shaft.
The two fluid suction ports are formed at an angle of about 180 degrees along the circumferential direction of the drive rotary shaft, and the fluid discharge ports are formed at an angle of about 180 degrees along the circumferential direction of the drive rotary shaft. One is formed.

In one aspect of the present invention, the first cam member is disposed on one side and the second cam member is disposed on the other side of the vane holding member with respect to the direction of the drive rotation axis. The distance between the corresponding positions of the two cam members in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft is constant over the entire circumference, and the vane holding member has a large-diameter portion formed at the center in the drive shaft direction. A first small-diameter portion formed on one side thereof and a second small-diameter portion formed on the other side, wherein the large-diameter portion, the first small-diameter portion, and the first
The first annular cavity is formed by the cam end surface of the cam member and the casing, and the second annular cavity is formed by the large diameter portion, the second small diameter portion, the cam end surface of the second cam member, and the casing. Wherein said vane extends across said two annular cavities and wherein said vane extends over said two annular cavities.
It contributes to the formation of a compartment in one annular cavity.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a vane compressor according to the present invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views showing the assembled state of the vane compressor. FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the assembled state of.

In these figures, reference numeral 2 denotes a cylindrical casing body, and reference numerals 4 and 6 denote casing lids, which are combined by bolts and integrated to form a casing. The casing has a plurality of fluid inlets 8A-1, 8A-2, 8B-1, 8B-2 and a plurality of fluid outlets 10A-1, 10A-2, 10B-1, 1, 2.
0B-2 is formed. The fluid is a compressible fluid such as air.

An XY-direction drive rotation shaft 12 is inserted into the casing through the casing lid 4. The rotating shaft 12 is rotatably supported by casing lids 4, 6 via radial bearings 101, 102 and thrust bearings 103, 104. A thrust bearing holding member 1 is provided on the casing lid portions 4 and 6.
05 and 106 are attached by bolts.

A portion of the rotating shaft 12 inside the casing is formed as a vane holding member 14. Such a configuration is also equivalent to the first mounting of the vane holding member 14 to the rotating shaft 12.
And two forms. The holding member 14 has a central large-diameter portion 14a in the XY direction and two small-diameter portions 14b on both sides thereof,
14c.

The drive rotary shaft 12 is connected to an output shaft of a motor via a clutch or the like as necessary.

In this specification, the circumferential direction, the radial direction, and the axial direction all refer to the direction related to the rotating shaft 12 (or a direction corresponding thereto), unless otherwise specified.

A plurality of slide grooves 16 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the holding member 14 except for both ends in the axial direction, and a part of each of the rectangular vanes 18 is slidable in the grooves. Is accepted. As shown in FIG. 3, twelve slide grooves 16 and vanes 18 are arranged evenly in the circumferential direction (however, only eight are shown in FIG. 1 for convenience), and both of them are provided. They are radially arranged in the radial direction. Each vane 18 can reciprocate in the axial direction along the slide groove 16.

A small diameter holding portion 14b is provided in the casing.
The ring-shaped first cam member 20 is arranged radially outward between the holding member large-diameter portion 14 a and the lid body portion 4. The first cam member 20 has a guide hole (not shown) for receiving a distal end portion of the axial pin 111 attached to the lid portion 4.
And can be moved in the axial direction. Similarly, in the casing, a ring-shaped second cam member 22 is disposed radially outward of the holding member small-diameter portion 14c and between the holding member large-diameter portion 14a and the lid portion 6. I have. The second cam member 22 includes an axial pin 1 attached to the lid 6.
12 has a guide hole 113 for receiving the tip portion,
It is movable in the axial direction guided by the axial pin 112.

A first cam surface 20a is formed on the X-side end surface of the cam member 20, and a second cam surface 22a is formed on the Y-side end surface of the cam member 22. The first cam surface 20a gradually advances in the axial direction until the circumferential angular position (θ) ranges from 0 to 90 degrees, and gradually advances in the axial direction until the circumferential angular position (90) changes from 90 to 180 degrees. And gradually advances in the axial direction until the circumferential angular position is from 180 degrees to 270 degrees, and the circumferential angular position is 270 degrees.
It has a shape that gradually retreats in the axial direction from degrees to 360 degrees. The second cam surface 22a is provided on the cam surface 20a.
Conversely, the circumferential angular position (θ) gradually retreats in the axial direction from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, and the circumferential angular position (θ) becomes 9 degrees.
Advancing gradually in the axial direction from 0 degrees to 180 degrees, gradually retreating in the axial direction from 180 degrees to 270 degrees in the circumferential direction, and gradually retreating in the axial direction from 270 degrees to 360 degrees in the circumferential direction It has a shape that gradually advances in the axial direction. Then, the interval L ₁ at the corresponding circumferential angular position between the first cam surface 20a and the second cam surface 22a.
Is equal over the entire circumference.

A ring-shaped leaf spring 115 is disposed between the Y-side end surface of the cam member 20 and the lid 4, and the leaf spring 115 applies an urging force in the X direction to the cam member 20. be able to. Similarly, a ring-shaped leaf spring 116 is disposed between the X-side end surface of the cam member 22 and the lid 6, and the leaf spring 116 applies a biasing force in the Y direction to the cam member 22. be able to. Under normal conditions,
Cam surfaces 20a, 22a are provided brought into contact with the opposite edges of the vanes 18, the spacing L ₁ is only slightly greater than the axial length L ₂ equal to or L ₂ of the vanes 18.

The radial height H of the vane 18 is equal to or slightly smaller than the distance between the bottom of the slide groove 16 and the inner surface of the casing body 2.

The outer peripheral surface of the large diameter portion 14a of the vane holding member is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the casing body 2 so as to be able to rotate relatively. Therefore, a first annular cavity is formed by the end surface in the Y direction of the large diameter portion 14a of the vane holding member, the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 14b of the vane holding member, the first cam member cam surface 20a, and the inner peripheral surface of the casing body 2. ing. The annular cavity in the present invention may have a part of an annular shape. That is, with respect to the first annular cavity, the end surface in the Y direction of the large diameter portion 14a of the vane holding member and the first cam member cam surface 20a may be in contact at a certain circumferential angular position. A plurality of compartments are formed by partitioning such a first annular cavity by the vanes 18. The first compressor section includes these compartments. Note that a seal ring 117 for maintaining airtightness is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the first cam member 20.

Similarly, the vane holding member large diameter portion 14a
, The outer peripheral surface of the vane holding member small diameter portion 14c, the second cam member cam surface 22a, and the inner peripheral surface of the casing body 2, form a second annular cavity. Are partitioned by a vane 18 to form a plurality of compartments. The second compressor section includes these compartments. In addition, a seal ring 118 for maintaining airtightness is mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the second cam member 22.

[0025] FIG. 5, X-direction end surface of the axial distance D ₁ and the second large-diameter portion 14a of the compressor unit and the cam surface between the Y-direction end surface and the cam surface 20a of the large diameter portion 14a in the first compressor unit shows the relationship between the axial distance D ₂ and the circumferential angular position θ between 22a. These axial distances D
₁ and D ₂ substantially correspond to the volume of the compartment at the circumferential angular position θ. FIG. 5 also shows the fluid inlets 8A-1,
8A-2, 8B-1, 8B-2 and fluid discharge port 10A-
The circumferential angular positions at which 1, 10A-2, 10B-1, and 10B-2 communicate with the annular cavity are shown.

As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 5, the rotation of the drive rotary shaft 12 causes
The compartment is communicated with the fluid suction port 8A-1, fluid is sucked into the compartment via the fluid suction port 8A-1, and the fluid suction port 8A- is located at a position where θ is slightly larger than 0 degrees.
The fluid is compressed in the compartment in the process of reducing the volume, and the compartment is connected to the fluid discharge port 1.
The fluid is discharged from the compartment through the fluid discharge port 10A-1. Subsequently, the compartment is communicated with the fluid suction port 8A-2, and the fluid suction port 8A-2
And the fluid is sucked into the compartment through the fluid inlet 8A-2 at a position where θ is slightly larger than 180 degrees, and then the fluid is closed in the compartment in the volume decreasing process. Is compressed, and the compartment becomes the fluid discharge port 10A-2.
The fluid is discharged from the compartment through the fluid discharge port.

That is, the first cam surface 20a has an angle θ from 0 degree to 1 degree.
Up to 80 degrees and θ between 180 degrees and 360 degrees are equal, and the volume of each compartment increases and decreases per rotation of the drive rotary shaft 12 (and the discharge and suction of the fluid accompanying this). Are performed twice.

As can be seen from FIG. 5, the second compressor performs the same operation as the first compressor at a position where θ is shifted by 90 degrees.

As described above, in the present embodiment, both suction and discharge at each compressor section are performed at an angle of 1 in the circumferential direction.
This is done symmetrically at positions separated by 80 degrees. Also,
With the rotation of the drive rotary shaft 12, when the circumferential angular position θ is between 0 ° and 90 ° and between 180 ° and 270 °, the vane 18 is pushed by the first cam surface 20a and
6 in the X direction, and the circumferential angular position θ is 90 degrees to 1
Vane 18 between 80 degrees and between 270 degrees and 360 degrees
Is pushed by the second cam surface 22a to move in the slide groove 16 in the Y direction. That is, the vane 18 is always half (6
) Move in the X direction and half move in the Y direction. Therefore, the vane compressor of the present embodiment has an extremely good dynamic balance during operation, and generates less vibration.

In the present embodiment, since the change in the compartment volume is realized by the cam surfaces 20a and 22a formed on the cam members 20 and 22, the dimension in the radial direction is kept small by securing a sufficient dimension in the axial direction. As it is, a large capacity can be easily obtained.

In the vane compressor according to the present embodiment, if foreign matter such as a solid or an incompressible fluid enters the compartment, at least one of the cam members 20 and 22 is driven by the leaf springs 115 and 116. can be retracted (i.e., L ₂ ≦ L L _{1 1} range is variable) against the biasing force of the so although the operation of the compressor is suspended, the vane 18 and the vane holding member of said compressor 14
And damage to the cam surfaces 20a, 22a of the cam members 20, 22 can be avoided.

Further, when the cam surface 20a with use, the edge of 22a and vanes 18 and sliding wear (i.e., if L ₂ is reduced) to the cam surfaces 20a, 22a and the vane 18
Is kept in good contact with the edge of the compressor, and good compressor operation can be continued.

[0033]

As described above, according to the vane compressor of the present invention, the change in the volume of the compartment is realized by the cam surface formed on the axial end surface of the cam member. Thereby, a large capacity can be easily obtained while keeping the radial dimension small.

Further, according to the vane compressor of the present invention, if foreign matter enters the compartment, the operation of the compressor is interrupted, but damage to the compressor can be avoided.

Further, according to the vane compressor of the present invention, sliding wear between the cam surfaces 20a, 22a and the edge of the vane 18 can be well dealt with, and the life can be extended.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of a vane compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an assembled state of an embodiment of the vane compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an assembled state of an embodiment of the vane compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of an embodiment of the vane compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a graph for explaining the operation of one embodiment of the vane compressor according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

2 Casing body 4, 6 Casing lid 8A-1, 8A-2, 8B-1, 8B-2 Fluid suction port 10A-1, 10A-2, 10B-1, 10B-2
Fluid discharge port 12 Drive rotation shaft 14 Vane holding member 14a Large diameter portion 14b, 14c Small diameter portion 16 Slide groove 18 Vane 20 First cam member 20a First cam surface 22 Second cam member 22a Second cam surface 101, 102 Radial bearing 103, 104 Thrust bearing 105, 106 Thrust bearing holding member 111, 112 Axial pin 113 Guide hole 115, 116 Leaf spring 117, 118 Seal ring

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A drive rotation shaft is inserted into a casing, and a vane holding member is attached to the drive rotation shaft in the casing, and the vane holding member is provided along a direction of the drive rotation shaft. A plurality of slide grooves for receiving the vanes are formed so as to be able to reciprocate, and at least one cam member is arranged around the drive rotation shaft in the casing, and the cam member is connected to the drive rotation shaft. A cam end face formed along a circumferential direction of the vane, an edge of the vane is brought into contact with the cam end face, and the cam member is movable in the direction of the drive rotation shaft. The vane is held and urged toward the vane by an urging means, and the annular cavity formed by the vane holding member, the cam end face of the cam member, and the casing is moved upward. A plurality of compartments are defined by the vanes, and fluid suction ports and fluid discharge ports communicating with the annular cavity are alternately arranged in the casing along the circumferential direction of the drive rotation shaft. With the rotation of the drive rotary shaft, the compartment is communicated with the fluid suction port, fluid is sucked into the compartment via the fluid suction port, and the compartment communicates with the fluid suction port. The fluid is compressed in a compartment that is cut off and sealed, and the volume is being reduced, the compartment is communicated with the fluid discharge port, and the fluid is discharged from the compartment through the fluid discharge port. Do, vane compressor. 2. The vane compressor according to claim 1, wherein said urging means comprises a compression spring interposed between said casing and said cam member. 3. The cam surface has a shape such that a cycle of increasing and decreasing the volume of the compartment is performed twice per rotation of the drive rotation shaft, and the fluid suction port is provided with the drive rotation shaft. And two fluid discharge ports are formed at an angle of about 180 degrees along the circumferential direction of the drive rotary shaft. The vane compressor according to claim 1. 4. A first cam member is disposed on one side of the vane holding member with respect to the drive rotation axis direction, and a second cam member is disposed on the other side of the vane holding member. The distance between the corresponding position of the cam member in the circumferential direction of the drive rotation shaft is constant over the entire circumference, and the vane holding member is formed on a large-diameter portion formed in the center with respect to the drive rotation shaft direction and on one side thereof. A first small diameter portion and a second small diameter portion formed on the other side, the large diameter portion, the first small diameter portion, the cam end face of the first cam member, and the casing. And the first annular cavity is formed, and the second annular cavity is formed by the large-diameter portion, the second small-diameter portion, the cam end face of the second cam member, and the casing. The vane extends over the two annular cavities. And contributing to the formation of a compartment within the two annular cavities.
A vane compressor according to any one of the above.