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JPH1066181A - イヤホン - Google Patents

イヤホン

Info

Publication number
JPH1066181A
JPH1066181A JP8237254A JP23725496A JPH1066181A JP H1066181 A JPH1066181 A JP H1066181A JP 8237254 A JP8237254 A JP 8237254A JP 23725496 A JP23725496 A JP 23725496A JP H1066181 A JPH1066181 A JP H1066181A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
earpiece
sound
earphone
opening
air chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP8237254A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP3815513B2 (ja
Inventor
Kouji Touno
耕治 投野
Katsuisa Murozaki
勝功 室崎
Naotaka Tsunoda
直隆 角田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sony Corp
Original Assignee
Sony Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp filed Critical Sony Corp
Priority to JP23725496A priority Critical patent/JP3815513B2/ja
Priority to KR1019970038237A priority patent/KR100487133B1/ko
Priority to TW086111533A priority patent/TW376674B/zh
Priority to US08/910,663 priority patent/US5949896A/en
Priority to SG1997002923A priority patent/SG55362A1/en
Priority to EP07019645A priority patent/EP1874079B1/en
Priority to DE69738190T priority patent/DE69738190T2/de
Priority to EP10009435A priority patent/EP2254346B1/en
Priority to EP97306190A priority patent/EP0825796B1/en
Publication of JPH1066181A publication Critical patent/JPH1066181A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3815513B2 publication Critical patent/JP3815513B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1016—Earpieces of the intra-aural type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2803—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2819—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
    • H04B1/385—Transceivers carried on the body, e.g. in helmets
    • H04B2001/3866—Transceivers carried on the body, e.g. in helmets carried on the head
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2811—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2815—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements of the bass reflex type
    • H04R1/2823—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material
    • H04R1/2826—Vents, i.e. ports, e.g. shape thereof or tuning thereof with damping material for loudspeaker transducers

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Headphones And Earphones (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】 【課題】 周波数特性が素直で、より自然な音感の得ら
れるイヤホンを提供する。 【解決手段】 オーディオ信号を音響に変換する電気音
響変換素子１を設ける。耳孔に挿入されたとき、電気音
響変換素子１の発した音を外耳道へ導くイヤーピース３
を、電気音響変換素子１の放音側に設ける。イヤーピー
ス３により形成された気室３２を外部に開放する開口３
４を、イヤーピース３に設けるとともに、この開口３４
に通気抵抗体３５を設ける。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、音質を改善した
イヤホンに関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】イヤホンは、基本的には図６に示すよう
に構成されている。すなわち、符号１は、オーディオ信
号を音響に変換する電気音響変換素子を示し、これは例
えばムービングコイル形に構成され、振動板１１を有す
る。そして、素子１の放音側、つまり、前面には、振動
板１１の保護板２が設けられるとともに、この保護板２
には、振動板１１からの音波を通過させる透孔２１が形
成される。
【０００３】さらに、この保護板２の前面は、イヤーピ
ース３で覆われる。このイヤーピース３は、イヤホンの
使用時、リスナの耳孔に挿入される部分であり、このた
め、例えば適度の弾力性を有するプラスチック材によ
り、外耳道の入り口に対応した形状に形成される。そし
て、その先端には、放音用の開口（透孔）３１が形成さ
れる。
【０００４】また、素子１の背面は、プラスチック材に
より形成されたカバー４により覆われる。この場合、カ
バー４の内部において、素子１の背面には所定の容積の
気室４１が形成されるとともに、この気室４１が透孔４
２を通じて外部に開放され、素子１の背面に所定の制動
抵抗を有する音響回路が構成される。
【０００５】さらに、素子１には、カバー４を通じてイ
ヤホンコード５が接続される。
【０００６】したがって、イヤーピース３を耳孔へ挿入
すれば、素子１の発した音は、イヤーピース３を通じて
外耳道へと導かれ、これを聴くことができる。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、上述のイヤ
ホンの周波数特性を測定すると、例えば図２に曲線Ｘで
示すようになり、低音域が過剰で、こもった音になって
しまう。
【０００８】これは、音響等価回路によると、次のよう
に説明される。すなわち、上述のイヤホンにおいては、
イヤーピース３により素子１の前面に気室３２が形成さ
れるとともに、この気室３２はほぼ閉じている。このた
め、図５に音響等価回路を示すように、気室３２が音響
負荷として作用するとともに、この気室３２は容量性
（容量ＣL）を示す。したがって、低音域では、制動側
が容量制御になるので、ほぼ平坦な周波数特性になる。
しかし、高音域では慣性制御になるので、レベル不足に
なる。つまり、図２に曲線Ｘで示すような周波数特性と
なる。
【０００９】そこで、図７に示すように、イヤーピース
３に小孔３３を設け、低音域のレベルを下げることが考
えられる。
【００１０】しかし、このようにすると、図４に音響等
価回路を示すように、音響負荷は、気室３２による容量
ＣLと、小孔３３によるイナータンスＭLとの並列回路に
なる。したがって、低音域では、慣性負荷になるので、
図２に曲線Ｙにより周波数特性の測定結果を示すよう
に、低音域のレベルの減衰が急峻になり、低音の伸びが
なくなる。また、容量ＣLおよびイナータンスＭLにより
中音域に共振を生じるようになる。この結果、くせのあ
る音となり、音質上の問題が避けられない。
【００１１】この発明は、以上のような問題点を解決し
ようとするものである。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】この発明においては、オ
ーディオ信号を音響に変換する電気音響変換素子と、こ
の電気音響変換素子の放音側に設けられ、耳孔に挿入さ
れたとき、上記電気音響変換素子の発した音を外耳道へ
導くイヤーピースとを有するイヤホンにおいて、上記イ
ヤーピースにより上記電気音響変換素子の放音側に形成
された気室を外部に開放する開口を、上記イヤーピース
に設けるとともに、この開口に通気抵抗体を設けるよう
にしたイヤホンとするものである。
【００１３】この結果、低音域の過剰さが抑えられると
ともに、中音域の共振も解消され、素直な周波数特性と
される。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】図１において、イヤホンが、電気
音響変換素子１、イヤーピース３およびカバー４などに
より例えば図６において説明したように構成される。た
だし、このとき、イヤーピース３に、所定の大きさの開
口（透孔）３４が形成されるとともに、この開口３４を
ふさぐように、イヤーピース３の内側に、通気抵抗とし
て例えば不織布３５が貼付される。
【００１５】この場合、開口３４は、イヤーピース３の
うち、これを耳孔に挿入したときに外耳道が接する部分
よりも外側の部分に形成される。また、開口３４（およ
び不織布３５）の数は、目的とする特性が得られるよう
に、複数個とすることができる。
【００１６】このような構成によれば、気室３２は、開
口３４および不織布３５を通じて外部に開放されるとと
もに、このとき、不織布３５により通気抵抗が与えられ
るので、このイヤホンの音響等価回路は図３に示すよう
になり、音響負荷は、気室３２による容量ＣLと、不織
布３５による抵抗ＲLとの並列回路になる。したがっ
て、低音域および中音域ではレベルが減衰するととも
に、低音域に向かってなだらかに減衰する。また、開口
３４により中音域における共振が解消される。
【００１７】図２において、曲線Ａは、図１のイヤホン
の周波数特性の測定結果を示すもので、この測定結果か
らも明らかなように、低音域が過剰となることがなく、
しかも、より低い周波数まで特性が伸びている。また、
中音域に共振がなく、特性が平坦である。
【００１８】こうして、このイヤホンによれば、より優
れた周波数特性を得ることができるので、これまでのイ
ヤホンでは実現しにくかった、より自然な音感を得るこ
とができる。しかも、そのためには、イヤーピース３に
開口３４および不織布３５を設けるだけでよい。
【００１９】なお、上述において、イヤーピース３は、
硬質のプラスチック材により構成することできる。
【００２０】
【発明の効果】この発明によれば、周波数特性が素直
で、より自然な音感のイヤホンを得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の一形態を示す断面図である。
【図２】周波数特性の測定結果を示す図である。
【図３】この発明の一形態の音響等価回路である。
【図４】この発明を説明するための音響等価回路であ
る。
【図５】この発明を説明するための音響等価回路であ
る。
【図６】この発明を説明するための断面図である。
【図７】この発明を説明するための断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１＝電気音響変換素子、２＝保護板、３＝イヤーピー
ス、４＝カバー、５＝イヤホンコード、１１＝振動板、
３１＝透孔、３２＝気室、３４＝開口、３５＝不織布、
４１＝気室、４２＝透孔

Claims (2)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項１】オーディオ信号を音響に変換する電気音響
    変換素子と、 この電気音響変換素子の放音側に設けられ、耳孔に挿入
    されたとき、上記電気音響変換素子の発した音を外耳道
    へ導くイヤーピースとを有するイヤホンにおいて、 上記イヤーピースにより上記電気音響変換素子の放音側
    に形成された気室を外部に開放する開口を、上記イヤー
    ピースに設けるとともに、 この開口に通気抵抗体を設けるようにしたイヤホン。
  2. 【請求項２】請求項１に記載のイヤホンにおいて、 上記イヤーピースを弾性体により形成するようにしたイ
    ヤホン。
JP23725496A 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 イヤホン Expired - Lifetime JP3815513B2 (ja)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23725496A JP3815513B2 (ja) 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 イヤホン
KR1019970038237A KR100487133B1 (ko) 1996-08-19 1997-08-11 이어폰
TW086111533A TW376674B (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-12 Earphone
SG1997002923A SG55362A1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-13 Earphone
US08/910,663 US5949896A (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-13 Earphone
EP07019645A EP1874079B1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-14 Earphone
DE69738190T DE69738190T2 (de) 1996-08-19 1997-08-14 Hörkapsel
EP10009435A EP2254346B1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-14 Earphone
EP97306190A EP0825796B1 (en) 1996-08-19 1997-08-14 Earphone

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23725496A JP3815513B2 (ja) 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 イヤホン

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH1066181A true JPH1066181A (ja) 1998-03-06
JP3815513B2 JP3815513B2 (ja) 2006-08-30

Family

ID=17012691

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP23725496A Expired - Lifetime JP3815513B2 (ja) 1996-08-19 1996-08-19 イヤホン

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US5949896A (ja)
EP (3) EP0825796B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP3815513B2 (ja)
KR (1) KR100487133B1 (ja)
DE (1) DE69738190T2 (ja)
SG (1) SG55362A1 (ja)
TW (1) TW376674B (ja)

Cited By (15)

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JP2008017473A (ja) * 2006-06-30 2008-01-24 Bose Corp イヤフォン
KR100874358B1 (ko) * 2007-02-13 2008-12-16 이춘형 이중 공진 탱크를 갖는 이어폰
JP2010004378A (ja) * 2008-06-20 2010-01-07 Final Audio Design Jimusho Kk カナレ型イヤフォン
KR100946259B1 (ko) 2008-03-11 2010-03-09 크레신 주식회사 체크밸브가 적용된 헤드폰
JP2011049686A (ja) * 2009-08-25 2011-03-10 Molex Inc イヤホン
JP2012015689A (ja) * 2010-06-30 2012-01-19 Elecom Co Ltd イヤーキャップ及びイヤーキャップを備えたイヤホン
JP2012151575A (ja) * 2011-01-17 2012-08-09 Final Audio Design Jimusho Kk イヤホン用プレッシャーカバー及びイヤホン
JP2012525799A (ja) * 2009-04-30 2012-10-22 ヴェルト メディカル ソリューションズ、エルエルシー イヤホンシステム
JP2013085302A (ja) * 2013-02-08 2013-05-09 Sony Corp イヤホン装置
JP2013123260A (ja) * 2013-02-08 2013-06-20 Sony Corp イヤホン装置
US8594351B2 (en) 2006-06-30 2013-11-26 Bose Corporation Equalized earphones
US8611581B2 (en) 2006-01-12 2013-12-17 Sony Corporation Earphone device
US8670586B1 (en) 2012-09-07 2014-03-11 Bose Corporation Combining and waterproofing headphone port exits
US9301040B2 (en) 2014-03-14 2016-03-29 Bose Corporation Pressure equalization in earphones
US9462366B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2016-10-04 Bose Corporation Earpieces having flexible flaps

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TW437257B (en) * 1998-01-13 2001-05-28 Lin Jung Yu Earphone having no conductive hearing loss and impulse noise
US6094492A (en) * 1999-05-10 2000-07-25 Boesen; Peter V. Bone conduction voice transmission apparatus and system
JP4151157B2 (ja) 1999-05-31 2008-09-17 ソニー株式会社 イヤホン
US6668064B1 (en) * 1999-07-06 2003-12-23 Chung Yu Lin Earphone without impulse noise and surrounding blockade
DK176255B1 (da) * 1999-10-29 2007-05-07 Sonion Horsens As Elektroakustisk kommunikationsenhed
DE10249082B3 (de) 2002-10-21 2004-05-19 Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co Kg Kopfhörer
JP2004221881A (ja) * 2003-01-14 2004-08-05 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 携帯音響機器
US7394910B2 (en) * 2003-01-30 2008-07-01 Surefire, Llc Ambidextrous earpiece
US20050048996A1 (en) * 2003-08-26 2005-03-03 Cobo Rafael J. Locking system and method for same
FR2861250B1 (fr) * 2003-10-21 2005-12-30 Sennheiser Electronic Casque ecouteur
US7349550B2 (en) * 2004-01-07 2008-03-25 Hearing Components, Inc. Earbud adapter
US8625834B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2014-01-07 Surefire, Llc Ergonomic earpiece and attachments
US8611969B2 (en) 2004-01-29 2013-12-17 Surefire, Llc Cable assembly with earpiece
JP2005278015A (ja) * 2004-03-26 2005-10-06 Star Micronics Co Ltd イヤホン
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TW376674B (en) 1999-12-11
KR19980018579A (ko) 1998-06-05
EP1874079A3 (en) 2008-04-16
US5949896A (en) 1999-09-07
EP2254346A3 (en) 2010-12-01

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