JPH10332125A - Waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To reduce the carbonization gas generated by residual heat in a pyrolysis reactor even after the equipment is shut down during a power outage without using large-scale attached equipment such as a power outage stack. Provided is a waste disposal apparatus capable of preventing pollution such as leakage to the periphery of the apparatus while maintaining the pressure at a pressure equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure, that is, a negative pressure. In a combustion furnace, a dry distillation gas obtained by pyrolyzing waste in a pyrolysis reactor and a combustible component separated from the pyrolysis residue are driven by a commercial power supply. In a waste treatment apparatus that keeps the inside of the passage of the dry distillation gas and the combustion gas at a negative pressure by an induced blower powered by a driven motor, the drive source of the induced blower is changed from a commercial power supply to an induced blower during a power failure. The gas turbine is configured to be switched to a steam turbine that is detachably attached to the gas turbine, and the carbonized gas is discharged into the atmosphere.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus for thermally decomposing waste in a pyrolysis furnace and combusting combustible components after the pyrolysis in a combustion melting furnace. The present invention relates to a waste disposal apparatus capable of maintaining the inside of the apparatus at a negative pressure even during a power failure and discharging the waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art One of industrial waste treatment apparatuses for treating municipal garbage and the like containing combustibles such as general waste and waste plastics is provided by supplying the waste to a pyrolysis reactor in a low oxygen atmosphere. It is thermally decomposed into a pyrolysis residue consisting of a dry distillation gas and mainly non-volatile components, and after cooling this pyrolysis residue, it is supplied to a separator to separate it into a combustible component and a non-combustible component. There is known a waste treatment apparatus for performing a combustion treatment of this combustible component and the above-mentioned dry distillation gas in a combustion melting furnace.

[0003] In this waste treatment apparatus, as shown in FIG.
Is supplied to the thermal decomposition reactor 2 and is heated and pyrolyzed in a low oxygen atmosphere. This pyrolysis reactor 2
Usually, it is composed of a horizontal rotary drum, and is sealed by a sealing mechanism (not shown), and is kept in a low-oxygen atmosphere at an atmospheric pressure or lower by an induction blower 3. The heating of the pyrolysis reaction furnace 2 is performed by the heated air b which is heated by the high-temperature air heater 5 arranged on the downstream side of the combustion melting furnace 4 and supplied through the line L1. The inside of the decomposition reactor 2 is heated to 300 ° C. to 600 ° C., usually about 450 ° C.

The waste a supplied in the high-temperature low-oxygen atmosphere is thermally decomposed into a carbonization gas G1 and a pyrolysis residue c which is mainly a non-volatile component. The carbonization gas G1 separated from c is supplied to the burner 7 of the combustion melting furnace 4 via a line L2, and is subjected to a combustion treatment. On the other hand, the thermal decomposition residue c is cooled to about 80 ° C.
After being cooled to the extent, it is supplied to the separation device 9 and separated into a combustible component d mainly composed of carbon and an incombustible component e composed of rubble such as metal, pottery, gravel, concrete pieces, etc. The component e is collected in the container 10, and the combustible component d is sent to the crusher 11 and crushed into fine powder having a size of, for example, 1 mm or less, and then supplied to the burner 7 of the combustion melting furnace 4 via the line L3. You.

[0005] In the combustion melting furnace 4, the pulverized combustible component d is produced by the combustion air f supplied from the push-in blower 12 via the line L 4 together with the carbonization gas G 1.
Combustion treatment is performed in a high temperature range of about 1,300 ° C. The combustion gas G2 generated by this combustion process is recovered by the waste heat boiler 14 that supplies steam to the high-temperature air heater 5 and the power generation device 20 provided in the line L5, and then the dust collection device 15 and the gas cleaning device. The dust is cleaned and removed at 16 to become a clean relatively low-temperature exhaust gas G3.
The cooling gas is supplied to the cooling device 8 as inert gas by the forced blower 19 in the line L6, and most of the gas is discharged from the chimney 17 to the atmosphere.

On the other hand, the combustion ash generated by this combustion treatment becomes molten slag g and flows down the furnace wall of the combustion and melting furnace 4.
It falls into the water in the lower water tank 13 and is cooled and solidified. In this waste treatment apparatus, a commercial power supply is used as a driving source in order to keep the inside of the pyrolysis reactor 2 and the combustion melting furnace 4 at a negative pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure and to prevent the carbonization gas and the combustion gas from leaking. The induction blower 3 driven by the motor 18 is provided.

[0007]

In this waste treatment apparatus, if the induction blower 3 is stopped due to a power failure of a commercial power supply or the like, the thermal decomposition is performed even after the operation of the waste treatment apparatus is stopped. In the reactor 2, since the generation of the carbonization gas G1 continues due to residual heat, if left as it is, the flammable carbonization gas G1 will remain inside the pyrolysis reactor 2 and the combustion melting furnace 4.
When 1 is filled and the internal pressure increases to change from negative pressure to positive pressure, the carbonization gas G1 may leak to the outside of the furnace or the piping.

Therefore, in the above-mentioned conventional waste disposal apparatus, a special power failure stack not used during normal operation is provided in consideration of a power failure or the like. That is, a branch pipe is provided in the line L2, and this branch pipe is connected to the power failure stack. In the event of a power failure, the dry distillation gas G1 is supplied to the power failure stack, burned, and released to the atmosphere. This power outage stack is usually a large chimney-like structure,
At the same time, it is necessary to always operate the burner for ignition internally. Therefore, not only is the area of the installation site of the apparatus large, but also the construction cost is increased, the construction period is lengthened, and auxiliary fuel is required.

[0009] An object of the present invention is to reduce the carbonization gas generated by residual heat in a pyrolysis reactor even after the apparatus is shut down during a power outage without using a large-sized additional device such as a power outage stack. It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste treatment apparatus capable of preventing pollution such as leakage to the periphery of the apparatus while maintaining the pressure at a pressure equal to or lower than the atmospheric pressure, that is, a negative pressure.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a waste treatment apparatus wherein a waste is pyrolyzed into a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue in a pyrolysis reactor, and the pyrolysis residue is burned in a separation device. An air blower driven by a motor powered by a commercial power supply while supplying the separated combustible component and the carbonized gas to a combustion melting furnace for combustion treatment by separating into a flammable component and a non-combustible component Thus, in a waste treatment apparatus that maintains the internal pressure of the pyrolysis reactor and the combustion melting furnace at or below atmospheric pressure, a steam turbine is detachably provided with the induction blower, and a drive source of the induction blower is provided during a power outage. The motor is switched to the steam turbine, and the induction blower is driven to discharge the carbonized gas into the atmosphere.

Preferably, a pressure detecting device for detecting an internal pressure of the combustion melting furnace is provided, and the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine is controlled by a pressure value detected by the pressure detecting device. You. More preferably, the steam to be supplied to the steam turbine is obtained from a waste heat boiler disposed downstream of the combustion melting furnace.

[0012] By burning the carbonized gas in a white smoke prevention heating furnace before discharging it to the atmosphere, the effect on the environment can be reduced.

[0013]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a portion A in FIG. In these figures, the components denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 4 indicate the same devices and substances as those in FIG.
Except for the portion described below relating to the drive of the induction blower 3, it is the same as the previously described waste treatment apparatus of FIG.

1 and 2, a steam turbine 2
1 is provided so as to be able to be connected to the induction blower 3 by the attachment / detachment device 22. When a power outage occurs during the normal operation of the waste treatment device and the motor 18 of the induction blower 3 stops, the attachment / detachment device 22 detects this by a signal from a detection device (not shown), and detects the steam turbine 21 and the induction blower 3. And when the power failure is released and the motor 18 can be driven, the connection between the steam turbine 21 and the induction blower 3 is released.

The steam turbine 21 is provided with a line L 7 having a control valve 23 so as to be able to receive a part of the steam s generated in the waste heat boiler 14. Pressure gauge 24 as internal pressure detector
Is input to the control device 25, and the control valve 23 is opened and closed by the control signal V2 generated by the control device 25 to control the flow rate of the steam s supplied to the steam turbine 21. You.

Further, when the dry distillation gas G1 generated in the pyrolysis reactor 2 flows into the combustion and melting furnace 4 via the line L2 and raises the pressure in the furnace, the pressure rise is detected by the pressure gauge 24. The signal V1 is input to the control device 25, the opening of the control valve 23 is adjusted by the control signal V2 to control the amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine 21, and the rotation of the steam turbine is controlled.
And it controls so that rotation of the induction blower 3 may be controlled.

When the carbonized gas G1 is burned and then released into the atmosphere, the carbonized gas G1 introduced by the induction blower 3 is provided to the branch pipe 27 via the three-way valve 26 as shown in FIG. The combustion gas G4 is introduced into the white smoke prevention heating furnace 28 and burned, and the combustion gas G4 is discharged from the chimney 17. According to the waste treatment apparatus having the above-described configuration, at the time of a power failure, the drive source of the induction blower 3 is switched from the motor 18 to the steam turbine 21 to detect the pressure in the furnace of the combustion melting furnace. The steam generated by heat is supplied to the steam turbine 21, and the induction blower 3 is driven by the steam turbine 21, and the pyrolysis gas G <b> 1 continuously generated by the residual heat from the pyrolysis reactor 2 whose operation has been stopped is converted into Can be released to the atmosphere.

Further, based on the pressure in the furnace 4 of the combustion and melting furnace, the attracting force can be generated by driving the attracting blower 3 and the magnitude of the attracting force can be adjusted. And the carbonization gas G1 from the combustion and melting furnace 4 and the lines L2 and L5 can be released into the atmosphere via the chimney 17 to maintain the pyrolysis reactor 2, the combustion and melting furnace 4 and the lines L2 and L5 at a negative pressure, Combustible carbonization gas G1 in these parts
Leakage can be prevented.

The steam supplied to the steam turbine 21 is not limited to the steam generated by the waste heat boiler 14, but may be derived from another steam source. Is controlled not only by the pressure in the furnace of the combustion and melting furnace 4 but also by detecting, for example, the presence or absence of a power outage, or by detecting the amount of the carbonized gas G1 generated in the pyrolysis reactor 2 to generate the carbonized gas G1. The amount of steam may be controlled based on the amount of generation.

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the waste treatment apparatus of the present invention, the induction blower is driven by the steam turbine at the time of power failure, so that there is no need to provide a special power failure stack. Therefore, the overall configuration of the waste treatment apparatus can be reduced in size, the required area of the installation place can be reduced, and the construction cost and the construction period can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a waste disposal apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a portion A in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a main part system diagram in a case where a carbonization gas is subjected to a combustion treatment in a white smoke prevention heating furnace and discharged.

FIG. 4 is a system diagram of a prior art waste disposal apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hopper 2 Pyrolysis reactor 3 Induction blower 4 Combustion melting furnace 5 High temperature air heater 6 Discharge device 7 Burner 8 Cooling device 9 Separator 10 Container 11 Crusher 12, 19 Push-in blower 13 Water tank 14 Waste heat boiler 15 Dust collector Reference Signs List 16 gas cleaning device 17 chimney 18 motor 20 power generation device 21 steam turbine 22 attachment / detachment device 23 control valve 24 pressure gauge 25 control device 26 three-way valve 27 branch pipe 28 white smoke prevention heating furnace

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI // C08J 11/12 ZAB B09B 3/00 303G F23J 15/00 F

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. Pyrolysis of waste into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue in a pyrolysis reactor, and separating the pyrolysis residue into a combustible component and a non-combustible component by a separation device. The combustible component and the carbonization gas are supplied to a combustion melting furnace to perform a combustion process, and an induction blower driven by a motor using a commercial power source as a power source causes the pyrolysis reactor and the combustion melting furnace to have the same configuration. In the waste treatment apparatus for maintaining the internal pressure at or below the atmospheric pressure, a steam turbine is detachably attached to the induction blower, and a drive source of the induction blower is switched from the motor to the steam turbine during a power outage, and the induction blower is used. And a waste disposal apparatus configured to drive the gas to discharge the carbonized gas into the atmosphere. 2. The waste according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure detection device for detecting an internal pressure of the combustion melting furnace, and controlling an amount of steam supplied to the steam turbine based on a pressure value detected by the pressure detection device. Processing equipment. 3. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the steam supplied to the steam turbine is obtained from a waste heat boiler disposed downstream of the combustion melting furnace. 4. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the dry distillation gas is burned in a white smoke prevention heating furnace before being discharged into the atmosphere.