JPH1030858A - Cold and hot water generation method that does not require external power supply, and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide a technology for generating cold and hot water without receiving power supply from outside (for example, without receiving supply of commercial power). SOLUTION: An exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 having a capacity capable of supplying chilled / hot water required from cooling and heating loads is selected. Next, the amount of electric power required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 and its auxiliaries is calculated. Next, an engine generator 2 having a power generation capacity balanced with the electric energy
Select and combine. And the engine generator 2
Is recovered as warm water, and the retained heat of the warm water is fed into the waste heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1. Of the heat quantity required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, the heat quantity corresponding to the insufficient heat quantity obtained by subtracting the heat quantity supplied from the hot water is supplemented by the combustion heat generated by the burner 1d.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a combination of an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and an engine generator.
The present invention relates to a method for generating cold and hot water without receiving power supply from the outside, and a cold and hot water generating device suitable for carrying out the above-described invention method. However, it relates to technology that can perform steady operation without receiving external power supply and perform start and stop operations without receiving external power supply. It is not impossible to receive external power support.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Although a technology for generating cold and hot water by combining an engine generator and an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is known, the operation using a commercial power supply is generally used for the following reasons. Is being done. That is, the cooling and heating loads vary depending on various external conditions (for example, temperature, humidity, improved operation rate, and building population density). For matching the capacity of the engine generator to such fluctuations in the cooling and heating loads, for example, under the cooling and heating load conditions expected to last the longest, the generated power and the power consumption are set to be balanced. The system is configured to receive commercial power during peak load (system interconnection), and the exhaust heat of the engine generator is exhausted gas, hot water, and the hot water supply, heating, and single-effect absorption type using the above as a medium. Alternatively, it has been used as a heat source or an auxiliary heat source for a double-effect absorption refrigerator. For this reason, apart from an emergency response, an absorption-type cold / hot water generation technology that does not require supply of commercial power during normal operation has not yet been developed.

[0003]

As described above, in a chilled / hot water generation system of a system that depends on the supply of external electric power by system interconnection with a commercial power supply, (a) advanced technology and It requires a wealth of experience and a great deal of time and effort, (b) is economically disadvantageous in small systems, and (c) waste heat utilization is unreasonable. There was a problem. The following describes each of the problems. (A) Problems related to planning In the past, the planned and designed design was such that the required cooling and heating amounts were supplied by a combination of an exhaust heat input absorption chiller / heater and an engine generator. In this case, there is no established design standard for the supply and demand of electric power and the supply and exhaust of exhaust heat between the two, and the use of a commercial power supply was optional, so the degree of freedom in design was large. That is, the range of choices of the combination of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the engine generator was wide.
The large degree of freedom in design is an advantage in one aspect, but on the other hand, a great deal of time and effort is required for planning and design. In general, large-scale equipment equipped with air conditioning (eg, factory equipment, hospital equipment, station building equipment, residential equipment, etc.) can cooperate with technologies in various fields (foundations, steel frames, power distribution, water and sewage, etc.), and Must be planned and designed to meet various legal regulations,
Communication between technologies in various fields is complicated. Now, even if we consider cooling and heating, the concrete design must be done by a cooling and heating engineer, so the total construction designer must calculate the required cooling and heating quantity, then install the installation area, transmission and distribution, and basic strength. It is necessary to coordinate with each specialized technical department from to earthquake resistance, lighting, ventilation. In such a case, a plurality of models of cooling / heating water units consisting of the best combination are provided using the cooling / heating capacity as a parameter, and the overall designer determines the required amount of heating / cooling heat so that the shape, size, weight and required If the backup device can be read as a catalog value, the man-hour for planning and designing can be significantly reduced. The reduction in the planned man-hours not only reduces the technical labor costs but also contributes to shortening the construction period of the entire construction work.

(B) Problems related to electric power In a system interconnected with a commercial power supply, which is generally used in the past, when the power generation capacity of an engine generator is insufficient, the commercial power supply can be supported. The capacity of the generator can be set conservatively, and the operation rate of the engine generator is high.On the other hand, the equipment cost for grid connection is expensive, and in addition, the The procedure is complicated, and it is difficult to apply it unless it is a large-scale facility. In other words, it is difficult to establish a small-scale facility economically. In small-scale facilities where it is difficult to apply the grid connection method, a system separation method is adopted. In order to operate the engine generator with high efficiency in this system, the engine generator is operated only when the load is large, and when the load is small, the engine generator must be stopped and switched to the commercial power supply. Switching between the engine generator and the commercial power supply in a system-separated manner involves an instantaneous power failure, which causes inconvenience in maintenance of electronic devices. Further, under the constraints of the prior art that the commercial power must be supplied from the outside, it cannot be applied to, for example, the development of petroleum resources in desert areas, the construction of communication stations in continents, and the construction of factories in remote islands.

(C) Regarding utilization of exhaust heat Although it is desirable to utilize the exhaust heat of the engine generator as much as possible, in the prior art, a project that can obtain a heat load that can utilize exhaust heat throughout the year is a specific case. Industries, hotels,
And health lands. Further, when the power generation load fluctuates, the exhaust heat output also fluctuates. Therefore, heat storage equipment for suppressing the fluctuation is required, and the equipment cost becomes high. In order to use the exhaust heat for the absorption refrigerator, a refrigerator of a different heat source is required separately from the absorption refrigerator for supplying the exhaust heat.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and (a) has an optimum "exhaust heat input type absorption cooling / heating system" without requiring a high level of cooling / heating technical knowledge and experience in comprehensive planning of facilities. It is possible to easily select “combination of a water machine and an engine generator”, and (b) it is economically advantageous even if it is a small-scale or large-scale cooling / heating facility, and (c) ) To provide a cold / hot water generating method and a cold / hot water generating facility for performing the above method, which can effectively utilize waste heat without receiving the support of external power even when the cooling / heating load fluctuates. Aim.

[0007]

The basic principle of the present invention created to achieve the above object will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to the embodiment. Is collected as hot water circulated by the hot water pump 2 and injected into the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1, and the amount of power generated by the engine generator 2 and the amount of power consumed in the illustrated system are balanced. Let me know. In the present invention, the term "balance" means that the rated output power of the engine generator and the power consumption in the rated operation of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment are substantially balanced. It is not prohibited to expect some marginal power. When the amount of power generated by the engine generator and the amount of power consumed by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment) are balanced, the amount of exhaust heat recovered from the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater Does not always balance with the amount of heat required. Therefore, the heat quantity of the shortage is determined by the combustion means (burner 1
make up by d). As a result, the gas fuel 4 is supplied to the system shown in FIG. 1, and cold / hot water is taken out from the system shown in the figure to the right in the figure, so that the power and the amount of heat are balanced in the system.

[0008] Based on the principle described above, the structure of the first aspect of the present invention balances the power consumed by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliaries with the power generated by the engine generator. The exhaust heat of the engine generator is recovered in the form of hot water, and all of the recovered heat is input to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater to generate cold / hot water by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. At least, the shortfall obtained by subtracting the amount of heat supplied by the exhaust heat recovery of the engine generator from the heat input required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is transferred to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. The energy balance between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is almost balanced without receiving power from the outside by supplementing the heat generated by the provided combustion means. According to the first aspect of the present invention described above, the amount of electric power required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment is balanced with the amount of electric power generated by the engine generator. The steady operation can be performed without requiring the supply of (for example, commercial power). For this reason, there is no need to provide an electrical mechanism of a system interconnection system, no equipment cost associated with the system interconnection is required, and no complicated procedures are required between the power company and government offices. Further, there is no problem such as an instantaneous power failure when the commercial power is received by the system separation method. Furthermore, if the specifications of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment are determined according to the required cooling / heating function, the power generation capacity of the engine generator is uniquely determined by applying the present invention. Comprehensive planning and design of equipment is performed quickly and easily, the division of labor between the general planning department and the thermal engineering department is clarified in terms of design and manufacturing, and coordination between the thermal engineering department and various related technical departments・ The trouble of consultation is significantly reduced. In addition, the exhaust heat of the engine generator is recovered in the form of hot water, except in exceptional cases, such as when the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater temporarily does not require exhaust heat input during operation. Since the entire amount of the recovered heat is supplied to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, the recovery and use of the exhaust heat can be performed rationally and efficiently. The change in the amount of heat input due to the change in the cooling / heating load is handled by adjusting the amount of heat generated by the combustion device, so that the heat balance is always balanced, and there is no waste and no shortage.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, the temperature and / or flow rate of the hot and cold water generated by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, and the engine power generation Detects the temperature and / or flow rate of hot water supplied to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater by collecting the exhaust heat of the device, and based on the detected value, the input required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater Calculating the shortage of heat quantity, automatically operating and stopping the combustion means so as to compensate for the calculated value of the shortage heat quantity, and automatically increasing or decreasing the heat quantity generated by the combustion means. I do. According to the invention of claim 2 described above, the engine generator can be continuously operated with high efficiency without the need to frequently start and stop the engine generator as in the system separation system in the prior art, and the exhaust gas accompanying the fluctuation of the cooling and heating load can be obtained. With respect to the change in the required heat input of the heat-input absorption chiller / heater, the heat generated by the combustion means can be automatically increased or decreased to constantly balance the heat balance. As a result, the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater can generate required cold / hot water in a stable state and supply it to the cooling / heating load device. further,
As a result, the amount of heat generated by the combustion means is controlled to be the minimum necessary, and the cooling / heating heat efficiency of the entire cooling / heating water system is good, and the input heat of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater may be excessive or insufficient. There is no.

A third aspect of the present invention is the configuration of the first and second aspects.
In addition to the configuration of the invention, the engine of the engine generator is equipped with an electric motor for starting, and at the time of starting, the electric motor for starting is operated by electric power supplied from a storage battery, and the engine is started. Until the generated voltage of the engine-equipped generator is stabilized, the power required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the control device of the auxiliary machine is supplied from the storage battery, and the engine generator is operated in a steady state. During the operation, a part of the generated power is rectified, supplied to the storage battery, charged, and prepared for the next start. According to the third aspect of the present invention described above, the storage battery can always be charged in the cold / hot water system without being supported by an external power source, and can be started as a cold / hot water system by itself. Is established. Furthermore, immediately after the start, the generated voltage of the engine generator becomes transiently unstable, but during this transitional period, the voltage fluctuation is particularly contraindicated for equipment (for example, electric equipment having an electronic control circuit). Thus, a stable DC power can be supplied from the charged storage battery. As a result, during the suspension of operation, the "posture for starting cold / hot water supply at any time" is ensured with high reliability, and the responsiveness when a cold / hot water supply request is received is high.

The structure of the invention according to claim 4 is the above-mentioned claims 1-3.
In addition to the configuration of the invention, after the generator with the engine is started and the generated voltage is stabilized, the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and a plurality of electric devices mounted on the auxiliary machine are provided. Therefore, the operation is performed by sequentially turning on and supplying power from the one with the largest load capacity. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention described above, the engine generator can be protected, its voltage fluctuation can be minimized, and the cooling / heating system can be started smoothly and quickly started. That is, the present invention is based on the premise that the commercial power supply is not supported, but the power supply capacity of the engine generator is relatively small as compared with the huge power supply capacity of the commercial power supply. On the other hand, most of the electric equipment mounted on the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliaries are electric motors, and their starting currents are large. For this reason, when the power supply capacity is small, there is a problem that the power supply voltage drops greatly when the electric motor which is an electric load is turned on. Therefore, applying the present invention, when the electric equipment having the largest load capacity among the plurality of electric equipments is turned on first, the electric equipment having the second or lower load capacity has not been turned on yet. Therefore, there is a margin in the capacity of the engine generator as the power source, the endurance of the electric equipment having the maximum load capacity is endured, and the instantaneous voltage drop is suppressed to the minimum. After that, by sequentially turning on the electric equipment having a large load capacity, a remarkable voltage drop does not occur and the engine has a remarkably large shock load (rotational resistance).
There is no danger of receiving.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the configuration of the first to fourth aspects.
In addition to the configuration of the invention of the above, after the cooling and heating loads are gone,
The engine generator is continuously operated in a light load state, and the engine is stopped after the temperature of the waste water from which the exhaust heat of the engine is recovered falls below a predetermined temperature and there is no fear of boiling. . According to the fifth aspect of the present invention described above, when the operation of the cold / hot water system is stopped and the circulation of the exhaust hot water whose exhaust heat is recovered by the operation stop of the engine generator is stopped, the exhaust heat is discharged by the engine. There is a risk that the hot water will boil. For this reason, in the related art using a commercial power supply, it is general that the hot water pump is continuously rotated by the commercial power supply until the temperature of the circulating hot water decreases. However, in the present invention that does not use a commercial power supply, applying claim 5 and continuing to operate the engine generator with a light load to continue the circulation of the exhaust hot water even after the necessity of supplying cold and hot water is eliminated. Boiling can be prevented. The above-mentioned light-load operation is intended to operate at a power generation capacity sufficient to supply power consumption of electrical equipment required for security, and the predetermined temperature at which there is no fear of boiling is determined by experiment or experience. For example, the temperature can be appropriately set to, for example, 60 ° C. or less.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the configuration of the first to fifth aspects.
In addition to the configuration of the invention, when the cooling and heating loads decrease or disappear and the amount of heat required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater decreases or disappears, the exhaust heat of the engine generator is recovered. By dissipating part or most of the calorific value of the waste water discharged into the atmosphere via a radiator, it is possible to maintain the thermal balance between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input absorption chiller / heater. Features. According to the sixth aspect of the present invention described above, it is possible to prevent overheating of waste water due to reduction or disappearance of cooling and heating loads. That is, the cooling and heating load has a temporary change (for example, a decrease in the factory cooling and heating load during lunch) in addition to seasonal and daily fluctuations. When the cooling / heating load is rapidly reduced, the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater can relatively quickly follow, and the power generation capacity of the engine generator and the generated torque of the engine can also relatively quickly follow. However, it is difficult to quickly follow the thermal state of the engine because the cylinder block portion (including the built-in member) having a large heat capacity has thermal inertia, and a state of excessive recovered exhaust heat appears. There is a danger of doing so. Therefore, in the invention of claim 6, a part or most of the retained heat amount of the waste heat water, which may be overheated due to excessive heat recovery, is dissipated into the air via the radiator, so that the overheat of the waste heat water is prevented. . The invention according to claim 6 is suitable when the engine generator is installed in a relatively well-ventilated place.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the configuration of the first to fifth aspects.
In addition to the configuration of the invention, a cooling tower is provided as an auxiliary device of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, and the cooling / heating load is reduced or disappears, and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is required. When the input heat quantity is reduced or extinguished, the exhaust heat recovered exhaust heat of the engine generator is passed through the cooling tower,
By dissipating a part or most of the amount of heat of the waste heat water to the atmosphere by the cooling tower, a thermal balance between the engine generator and the waste heat input type absorption chiller / heater is maintained. I do. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention described above, it is possible to prevent overheating of the exhaust hot water due to the reduction or disappearance of the cooling and heating loads, as in the sixth aspect of the present invention. The technical background of the seventh aspect of the present invention is substantially the same as the technical background of the sixth aspect of the present invention. When the cooling and heating loads are rapidly reduced, the power generation capacity and the generated torque of the engine generator are relatively small. Although it can be easily adapted and rapidly decreased, there is a risk that the exhaust heat recovered from the exhaust heat may be overheated due to the thermal inertia of the engine block of the engine generator. Therefore, in the invention of claim 7, waste heat water having a risk of overheating is circulated through the cooling tower, and the retained heat amount of the waste heat water is radiated into the atmosphere. The invention of claim 7 is suitable for application when the ventilation of the engine generator installation location is not sufficient, and can be implemented without the need for a radiator by additionally installing piping and valves.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, a frame on which the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater are mounted is transported. It is installed on the ground, on a foundation structure, or on the floor, transports an engine generator and an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and installs it on the gantry, and provides piping and wiring. According to the invention of the eighth aspect described above, when disassembling and transporting the cold and hot water unit assembled and tested in the manufacturing factory and assembling it on site, the possibility of the efficiency and the possibility of making a mistake in the assembly operation is significantly reduced. Similarly,
The work of disassembling, transporting and reassembling the cold / hot water equipment once installed is also performed efficiently and with high reliability. In carrying out the method of the present invention of claim 8, the gantry is configured to be large and a cooling tower can be mounted, and the cooling tower can be separately provided outside the gantry. In this case, the above-described effects are also exhibited. In addition, since the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater are installed on a common frame, the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater can be relatively reliably and easily. In addition, since the positioning is performed with high precision, there is no possibility that the pipes and wirings connecting between the two devices may be out of order, so that the piping and wiring work can be performed quickly and easily. Furthermore, by providing the gantry with an earthquake-resistant structure, earthquake resistance can be obtained for the entire cold / hot water facility. Also, from the perspective of the building construction department, which is in charge of foundation work and floor work, it is necessary to arrange a large number of anchor bolts for installing the engine generator and exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater in accordance with complex construction design drawings. It is sufficient to install anchor bolts for installing the gantry in a simple arrangement, and the required level of flatness of the floor does not become excessively severe, so that the cost of foundation and building work is reduced, and the foundation and building are reduced. The construction period is shortened.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect of the present invention, the exhaust heat input to each of a plurality of types of exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heaters having different cooling and heating capacities is provided. Calculate the amount of power consumed by the type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment, and select an engine generator that has a power generation amount approximately equal to the power consumption of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater of each model. In addition to designing and preparing a combination of an engine generator with balanced power generation and power consumption and an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment, and multiple sets of chiller / heater generators consisting of piping and wiring , Cool each unit,
By indicating the heating capacity, an appropriate unit can be selected by using the cooling and heating capacity as a parameter in response to various cooling and heating capacity demands. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention described above, a general designer who plans various designs including a cooling and heating device can select a desired cooling and heating capacity from a plurality of sets of cooling and heating water generation units that are designed and prepared. Can be selected from the specifications shown in the catalog of the selected hot and cold water unit, the overall shape, dimensions, weight, required installation area, other fuel consumption rate, noise level, etc. Since the data necessary for the comprehensive design can be obtained, the comprehensive planning and design can be promptly and easily proceeded without the need for specialized high-level knowledge and experience in cooling and heating technology. With regard to extremely detailed and specific cooling and heating technology, the experts of the selected cooling and heating water unit manufacturer will be assigned to the project, and the technical division of labor will be carried out clearly and smoothly, and the expertise in different fields will be different. There is no possibility that trouble will occur in communication between persons.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the third aspect, when the supply of hot water and power from the engine generator is lost due to the failure of the engine generator, the exhaust heat is supplied. The demand for electric power for the absorption-type chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment is temporarily covered by commercial power,
Increasing the amount of heat generated by the combustion means to compensate for the loss of heat supply by waste water, and supplying the required power of the control circuit from the storage battery to continue the operation of the waste heat input type absorption chiller / heater. Features. According to the tenth aspect of the present invention described above, the shortage of the input heat amount of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is compensated by the increase in the heat generation amount of the combustion means, and the operation can be continued. Maintained storage batteries can be used as a stable power source for control equipment, ensuring the supply of cold and hot water in the event of a temporary engine generator failure, and maintaining high reliability of the entire cold and hot water system. Can be. In this case, as a general characteristic of the heating / cooling load device, even if the temperature of the cooling / heating water temporarily fluctuates due to the switching of the input heat source of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, practical problems can be ignored. it can.

The eleventh aspect of the present invention has an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment, and a power generation capacity balanced with the power consumed by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the auxiliary equipment. An engine generator, and a pipe, a pump, and a valve for collecting exhaust heat of the engine generator as exhaust hot water and supplying the exhaust hot water to an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, and It is characterized by functioning as a cold / hot heat source without receiving power supply from a commercial power supply in an operating state. According to the eleventh aspect described above, it is possible to configure a cold / hot water generator suitable for implementing the method of the first aspect. In other words, because the power consumption of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment) and the power generation capacity of the engine generator are balanced, operate in the rated state without receiving power supply from the external power supply. The power balance in the cold / hot water generation system comprising the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the engine generator is balanced,
No excess or shortage occurs. In addition, when the required cooling and heating capacity is determined when designing a comprehensive plan for the equipment including the cooling and heating equipment, if the exhaust heat input absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment) that matches this cooling and heating capacity is selected, the required power will be reduced. Since the corresponding optimal engine generators are combined to form a cold / hot water unit, there is no need to perform cold / hot design calculations for the combination with the engine generator. In addition, since the specification data such as the required installation area and the required basic strength of the cooling / heating water unit composed of the above combination can be easily obtained, the comprehensive design can be performed quickly and easily. Further, since the required power of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment) is supplied by an engine generator without excess or deficiency, there is no need to form a system with a commercial power supply, and system equipment costs are reduced. There is no danger that enormous effort will be required for negotiations with power companies and various procedures to government offices.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the configuration of the eleventh aspect.
In addition to the configuration of the invention, the calorie required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the calorie supplied by the engine generator as the waste water are calculated to compare the excess and deficiency of both calories. An automatic control device having a function is provided, and a combustion means is provided for supplementing the insufficient heat amount when the supplied heat amount is insufficient, and the automatic control device is provided with a combustion unit such that the required heat amount and the supplied heat amount become equal. It has the function of igniting and extinguishing and controlling the combustion state. According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention described above, the heat balance between the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the engine generator is automatically balanced, so that even if the cooling / heating load fluctuates, the required cooling / heating temperature is always required. Water can be generated and supplied.

That is, as an essential component in the independent claim, the power balance between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment) is balanced. ing. However, even if the power balance is balanced, the heat balance is not always balanced. In addition, since the cooling and heating load changes with time, the amount of exhaust heat recovered and the required amount of heat naturally do not coincide except for an accidental instantaneous coincidence. Therefore, according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the heat balance is balanced by supplementing the insufficient amount of heat with the amount of heat generated by the combustion device. As a result, even when the cooling / heating load fluctuates, the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is always supplied with a sufficient amount of heat, and appropriate cooling / heating water can be generated and supplied to the cooling / heating load.

The structure of the invention of claim 13 is the same as that of claim 12
In addition to the configuration of the invention, the engine generator includes a starting cell motor, a storage battery that supplies power to the cell motor, and a charging unit for the storage battery, and the automatic control device includes: After the engine generator is started, it operates by receiving power supply from the storage battery until the generated voltage is stabilized. According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention described above, not only the steady operation can be continued without the assistance of the external power, but also the starting operation can be performed without the need of the external power, and the starting operation can be performed. The storage battery used for charging is always charged and maintained without the assistance of external power.
Further, immediately after the start of the engine generator, a transient state in which the generated voltage is unstable due to the unstable rotation speed appears, but even during this voltage unstable period, the storage battery is used as a power source. In addition, it is possible to normally operate a control unit including an electronic device that is contraindicated in voltage fluctuation.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the configuration of the eleventh aspect.
In addition to the constitutions of the thirteenth to thirteenth aspects, a three-way pipe is provided in the middle of a pipe line in which exhaust heat generated by collecting exhaust heat of the engine generator is circulated through the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. A valve, and a radiator connected to a pipe branched from the three-way valve, and the three-way valve has a throttle function in addition to a flow path switching function. . According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, when the amount of heat contained in the exhaust heat recovery hot water becomes excessive due to some circumstances and the exhaust heat water is likely to overheat, the three-way valve is used to flow the exhaust heat water. By switching the path, the exhaust heat of the engine generator is absorbed, and all or a part of the exhaust heat water flow that has become high temperature can be circulated to the radiator to reduce the temperature of the exhaust heat water, thereby preventing overheating of the exhaust heat water. Is done.
Further, since the three-way valve has a throttle function, the amount of heat radiation from the radiator can be adjusted. This allows the heat quantity from the hot water to be supplied to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater with no excess or shortage.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect,
In addition to the inventions of 1 to 13, the exhaust heat generated by recovering the exhaust heat of the engine generator is provided in the middle of a pipe that circulates through the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. A three-way valve having a function, a heat exchanger having a heating-side flow path connected to a pipeline branched from the three-way valve, and a pipeline connecting the heated-side flow path and the cooling tower of the heat exchanger. , Are provided. According to the invention of claim 15 described above, similar to the invention of claim 14,
In a case where the waste heat water is likely to be overheated, a part of the amount of heat held by the waste heat water can be radiated from the cooling tower to prevent overheating. According to the fifteenth aspect, there is no need to separately install a radiator, and the cooling tower, which is an auxiliary device of the hot and cold water machine, is used. However, the length of the pipe is generally larger than when a radiator is provided. The invention according to claim 15 is suitable for a case where ventilation and ventilation at a place where the engine generator is installed are not so good. The reason is that the cooling tower is generally installed in a place with good ventilation.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the configuration of the eleventh aspect.
In addition to the constitutions of the inventions of (1) to (15), the present invention is characterized in that a stand is provided which can position and install each of the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. According to the above-described invention of claim 16, when disassembling, transporting, reassembling and reassembling the cold and hot water generator which has been assembled and tested in a manufacturing plant, the on-site reproducibility of the factory assembly condition is good, and the on-site reassembly is possible. Since the work is performed quickly, easily and with high precision, the number of work steps is reduced, and the installation period is shortened. Even when the cold / hot water generator once installed on site is relocated, quick and easy disassembly / transport and reassembly are possible in the same manner as described above. In particular, since the relative positional relationship between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is regulated with high accuracy by the gantry, there is no possibility that the work of assembling the pipes may be disturbed.

The structure of the invention of claim 17 is the same as that of claim 11
In addition to the constitutions of the present invention, a plurality of types of exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater having different cooling and heating capacities and their auxiliary devices,
Each of the above-mentioned multiple types of exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater has a plurality of types of engine generators with power generation capacity that balances the amount of power consumed including auxiliary wheels, and the power consumption and power generation capacity correspond A plurality of types of chilled / hot water generating units combining the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater of each model and the engine generator are formed so that each unit is marked with cooling and heating capacity. And According to the seventeenth aspect described above, each unit can generate cold and hot water without being supplied with external power, and each unit is marked with cooling and heating capacity. Therefore, even a comprehensive plan designer who does not have high-level expertise in chilled / hot water technology, selects a chilled / hot water generating unit consisting of the optimal combination just by calculating the required cooling / heating capacity using the catalog numerical values as an index. In addition, if one of the cooling / heating water generating units is selected, various technical information (for example, required installation area, equipment weight, required basic strength, etc.) can be provided from a cooling / heating water manufacturer. Therefore, it is possible to quickly, easily, and perform high-quality comprehensive planning and designing of comprehensive facilities including the cooling and heating devices.

The structure of the invention of claim 18 is the same as that of claim 1
In addition to the constitutions of the inventions 2 and 13, the automatic control device increases the amount of heat generated by the combustion means when the engine generator fails and stops supplying hot water, so that the loss of heat supply due to waste hot water is reduced. When the power supply is stopped due to a failure of the engine generator, the power supply of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the electric motor mounted on the auxiliary machine is supplied to the engine. It has a function of switching from a generator to a commercial power supply. According to the invention of claim 18 described above, it is possible to continue the generation of cold and hot water when the engine generator has failed. In other words, as a countermeasure against the loss of the supply of recovered exhaust heat (supply of exhaust hot water) due to the failure of the engine generator, the combustion means is fully operated to compensate for the shortage of heat input by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. In order to prevent the power supply from being lost due to the failure of the engine generator, the power source of the pump drive motor is switched from the engine generator to the commercial power source. In this case, even if a short-term power failure occurs due to the power supply switching, there is no possibility of serious damage as easily understood from the role of the pump of the absorption chiller / heater.

[0027]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a chilled / hot water generator configured to carry out a chilled / hot water generating method according to the present invention which does not require external power supply. FIG. The device denoted by reference numeral 1 is an engine generator of a type in which a generator is driven to rotate by a gas engine, and the power generation output is three-phase 200 V ·
52 kW. Most of the generated heat is generated in the combustion chamber, is conducted to the cylinder block and the cylinder head, and is absorbed by the water jacket. The cooling water in the water jacket is circulated by a hot water pump 1e, and the hot water generated by the exhaust heat (referred to as the exhaust hot water in order to clarify the distinction from other hot water) is an exhaust heat input-type absorption chiller / heater 1 And heat is supplied (input) thereto. The above exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 is a state-of-the-art chiller / heater known as Hitachi Genelink (trade name). The Hitachi Genelink (exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater)
Is similar to a known absorption chiller / heater, and is supplied with hot heat to generate chilled / hot water. 3 is a cooling tower as an auxiliary machine. Each of the cooling water pump 1a and the cold / hot water pump 1b is rotationally driven by an electric motor, and its power consumption is 15 kW × 2. The exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 includes an electric motor driven solution pump and a refrigerant pump (not shown) and an electric burner 1d, and the subtotal of the power consumption thereof is 10 kW. The power consumption of the fan motor 3a of the cooling tower 3 is 5.5k.
W, the power consumption of the hot water pump 1e is 0.4 kW. The power consumption of the fluid equipment members described above with reference to FIG. 1 is 45.9 kW. When the power consumption 6.1 kW of the operation circuit 5 is added to this, the power becomes 52 kW, which is balanced with the power generation output of the engine generator 2. However, since the operation circuit operates intermittently and its operation time rate is very small, the power generation capacity of the engine generator 2 has some margin. Within this margin, the power for charging the storage battery 6, which will be described in detail later, is covered. As described above, the system portion shown in FIG. 1 has a well-balanced power balance even without receiving power supply from outside. The components described above are controlled by the automatic control device 7.

When the cooling / heating load fluctuates, the fluctuation rate of the power consumption of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 and its auxiliary equipment is smaller than the fluctuation rate of the load. On the other hand, when the cooling / heating load fluctuates, the input heat amount required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 changes proportionally with the cooling / heating load. In the first embodiment of FIG. 1, the power generation capacity of the engine generator 2 in the rated state and the power consumption of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 2 (and the auxiliary equipment) in the rated state are balanced. Although configured, the amount of heat supplied to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 by the exhaust heat water obtained by collecting the exhaust heat of the engine generator 2 in the rated state is slightly insufficient. In addition, the above-mentioned insufficient heat quantity changes with the fluctuation of the cooling / heating load. Therefore, the above-mentioned insufficient heat amount is calculated by the automatic control device 7 having an automatic calculation function, and the burner 1d is ignited and extinguished so as to generate the calorific value of the calculated value, and the gas fuel 4 and the combustion air are automatically converted during combustion. Control.

When starting the inactive chilled / hot water generator,
The cell motor 2a is rotated by the storage battery 6, and the control valve of the gas fuel 4 is opened by the automatic control device 7 to start the engine generator 2. In this way, the cold / hot water generator can be started without the need for external power supply assistance. As described above, in order to prepare for the start-up ready state by the storage battery 6, a part of the power generated by the engine generator 2 is supplied to the storage battery 6 via the rectifier and the voltage-current regulator, and is always maintained in a charged state. . Immediately after the start of the engine, there is a slight transitional feeling until the rotation speed becomes stable, and during this period, the generated voltage is unstable.
And since the automatic control device 7 needs a stable power supply,
Until the generated voltage is stabilized, the storage battery 6 is operated as a power supply. Even if the generated voltage is stable, the hot and cold water cannot be generated immediately during the warm-up operation of the engine generator because the exhaust hot water is at a low temperature. ). First, the motor (15 kW) for the cooling water pump 1a and the motor (1
5 kW). The power generation capacity of the engine generator 2 is 5
Although it is relatively small at 2 kW, other electric loads are not supplied yet and are supported by all of the 52 kW power generation volume, whereas supplying an electric load of 15 kW × 2 = 30 kW requires a load of Load factor 30kW suddenly from rate 0
/ 52kW ≒ 60%. Such an increase in the load factor does not cause any harmful electric or mechanical shock to the engine generator 2.

When the cooling / heating load is eliminated or the necessity of generating hot / cold water is eliminated, the burner 1d is controlled by the automatic control device 7
Was extinguished by the engine generator 2
The control valve for the gas fuel 4 is closed and stopped. If the control valve is stopped suddenly, there is a possibility that the cooling water (substantially the same as the waste water) boils due to the heat retained in the cylinder block having a large heat capacity. Therefore, the engine generator 2 continues to operate at a low load (almost in an idling state), and during this time, the hot water pump 1e
Is rotated to lower the temperature of the cooling water, and then the engine generator 2 is stopped.

When the amount of heat input by the waste water is insufficient due to the fluctuation of the cooling / heating load, the burner 1d is operated to compensate for the insufficient amount of heat as described above. In some cases, the amount of retained heat becomes excessive, which may cause overheating. In such a case, FIG.
As described below with reference to FIG. 3, the exhaust hot water is cooled to prevent overheating.

FIG. 2 shows a system of a cold and hot water generating apparatus according to a second embodiment in which the radiator is provided to cool the exhausted hot water by improving the first embodiment shown in FIG. FIG. The three-way valve 1c has a function of switching the flow path of exhaust hot water flowing in a T-shaped pipe. A case where a plurality of valves are arranged to perform the same function is substantially the same as the three-way valve of the present invention, and is not included in the technical scope of the present invention.
The three-way valve 1c in the present embodiment has not only an on / off switching function but also a throttle function. Thus, the exhaust hot water flow discharged and circulated by the hot water pump 1e can be diverted and circulated to the radiator 9 and the heat throw-in type absorption chiller / heater at an arbitrary ratio. Even if the required heat input of the machine fluctuates, it is possible to maintain the optimum exhaust hot water temperature and flow rate in accordance with the fluctuation. In the present embodiment, the detection signals of the temperature sensor and / or the flow rate sensor arranged at the key points of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 are input to the automatic control device 7, and the automatic control device 7 controls the three valves. 1c was drive-controlled.

FIG. 3 does not require the external power equipment according to the third embodiment in which the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is further improved so that no additional installation of a radiator is required. It is a system diagram of a cold / hot water generator. A three-way valve 1c having a throttle function is interposed in the middle of the flow path of the exhaust hot water circulated by the hot water pump 1e, and the exhaust hot water diverted by the three-way valve 1c is supplied to the heating-side flow path of the heat exchanger 10. The heating-side flow path of the heat exchanger 10 is connected to a cooling water circulation path via a valve 11.
Thereby, when the required heat input amount of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 decreases or disappears and the retained heat amount of the exhaust hot water becomes excessive, the excess heat amount is absorbed by the heat exchanger 10 into the cooling water, The cooling water can be guided to the cooling tower 3 to radiate heat, and overheating of the exhausted hot water is prevented.

(See FIG. 1) The exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 is a newly-known device which has recently become publicly known. For example, in the case of Hitachi Genelink (trade name), a 120S type having a cooling capacity of 422 kW and a heating capacity of 386 kW is used. 2,461 cooling capacity
Fifteen models, including 700S models with kW and heating capacity of 2,264 kW, are commercially available, so it is particularly difficult to obtain a high quality exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater with the desired cooling and heating capacity. There is no. Table 1 shows some of the specifications for some of the models.

[0035]

[Table 1]

Although the above Table 1 includes only a part of the specification data, various other numerical values are also published in catalogs. Therefore, if the cooling and heating capacity is determined, the shape,
The dimensions, weight, required power, etc. are quickly and easily determined,
Almost uniquely determined.

In this embodiment, the 180S type having a cooling capacity of 633 kW was selected as the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. As a result, the required power amount is determined as indicated by the chain arrow. Although it can be said that such a determination has little degree of freedom in design in one aspect, there is a great advantage that there is no difficulty in designing and managing. In addition to the required power, the required heat input is also determined.However, the study of the required heat input is excluded for a while and the power generation capacity is balanced with the required power consumption. The engine generators 2 of the type that can be recovered by the above are selected and combined. Since the selection of the above-mentioned engine generator is performed using only the electric power balance as an index, the selection can be made quickly and easily without a high degree of technical knowledge about the cooling / heating technology, and without the risk of calculation errors.

The exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 thus selected and the engine generator 2 are installed in combination,
Pipe and wire with relative positioning. The harness for electrical wiring is relatively flexible, but the steel pipe for piping is highly rigid, so if the exhaust heat input absorption chiller / heater and the engine generator are not positioned with high precision, the joints will not fit. Absent. If it is forcibly attached, water leakage may occur or fatigue failure may be induced. In this embodiment, the gantry is provided as described below. FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams each showing a state in which the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater according to the embodiment of the present invention are installed on a gantry and a cooling tower is separately provided. FIG. Providing such a stand 8 or 8 'can provide various effects, but the main ones (although the expressions are partially duplicated) are (a) easy to disassemble and transport, and quality after reassembly. The warranty is complete, (b) piping work is easy, troubles due to poor piping can be prevented, and (c) the cost of the foundation work department is reduced, and troubles related to installation are prevented. That is, when assembling in a factory, performing trial operation, disassembling and transporting and assembling on site, when the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 and the engine generator 2 are mounted on the gantry 8 or the gantry 8 ′, The relative positional relationship of the devices is determined based on the gantry. For this reason, the piping connecting both devices,
Wiring installation is quick and easy (without need for pipe bending or shim adjustment), high-precision piping and wiring work is performed comfortably, and there is no risk of causing trouble due to poor piping. . If equipment including heating and cooling equipment is constructed with the cooperation of multiple departments, the foundation work section or the reinforced concrete structure section will have a large number of anchor bolts for the heat absorption type absorption chiller / heater and a large number of anchors for the engine generator. The work of arranging bolts on a horizontal surface and planting them on a concrete floor requires a high degree of skill and a great deal of labor.In contrast, it is extremely easy to form a horizontal surface on which the gantry is placed horizontally. is there. If the gantry 8, 8 'is installed horizontally (even if the installation position is deviated by several millimeters, there is no practical problem), the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the engine generator are positioned and installed on the gantry. Is done. The important thing about the positional accuracy in this case is the relative positional relationship between the two devices, not the absolute position with respect to the building, so that the technical significance of the gantry can be understood. Let's do it.

As shown in Table 1 above, a large number of exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heaters having different cooling / heating capabilities are supplied to the market, and the specifications thereof have been published. Design of an engine generator with a power generation capacity that balances the power consumption of the waste heat input absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment), and design of various units with the required piping and wiring Preparing (not necessarily assembling the actual equipment) and providing it to the design department of the general construction company as a catalog with specification data greatly reduces the man-hours required for general planning and design, A cold / hot water facility is configured. In this case, it is desirable to indicate the cooling / heating capacity of each unit. Table 2 shows some of the specifications of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater in the embodiment shown in FIG.

[0040]

[Table 2]

In addition to the specification items and numerical values shown in Table 2 above, data on gas fuel consumption, shape, size, weight, and auxiliary equipment are also made public.

[See FIG. 1] In the present invention, the balance between electric power and heat is balanced between the engine generator 2 and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 to generate cold / hot water. However, it is not inevitable that the heat balance and / or the power balance may be lost due to a failure of the engine generator during operation. Therefore, the generation of cold and hot water is continued even when the engine generator fails. It is desirable to prepare measures that can be taken. Needless to say, the probability that such measures will be implemented is extremely low, but it means that it should be safe in case of an emergency. In the following, description will be made separately for the countermeasures against the loss of power supply and the countermeasures against the loss of exhaust heat supply. a. When the engine generator fails and the power generation output is lost or significantly reduced, the cooling water pump 1a (15 kW), the cold / hot water pump 1b (15 kW), and the fan motor 3a (5 .5k
W), the power supply of the hot water pump 1e (0.4 kW) and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater 1 (10 kW) is switched from the engine generator 2 to a commercial power supply (not shown).

B. When the temperature of the waste hot water drops due to a failure of the engine generator, the supply amount of the gas fuel 4 to be burned by the burner 1d and the supply amount of the combustion air are increased to increase the calorific value, and the exhaust heat input type absorption The heat input required by the chiller / heater 1 is secured. However, since the cylinder block of the engine has a considerable heat capacity, even if the engine generator fails, the temperature of the waste water does not drop sharply. Therefore, it is desirable to increase the combustion of the burner 1d at an appropriate increase rate so as to match the drop in the temperature of the waste water.

[0044]

As described above, the configuration and function of the embodiment of the present invention are clarified. According to the first aspect of the present invention, the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment are required. Power demand and the amount of power generated by the engine generator are balanced, so that steady-state operation can be performed without requiring supply of an external power supply (for example, commercial power supply). For this reason, there is no need to provide an electrical mechanism of a system interconnection system, no equipment cost associated with the system interconnection is required, and no complicated procedures are required between the power company and government offices. Further, there is no problem such as an instantaneous power failure when the commercial power is received by the system separation method. Furthermore, if the specifications of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment are determined according to the required cooling / heating function, the power generation capacity of the engine generator is uniquely determined by applying the present invention. Comprehensive planning and design of equipment is performed quickly and easily, the division of labor between the general planning department and the thermal engineering department is clarified in terms of design and manufacturing, and coordination between the thermal engineering department and various related technical departments・ The trouble of consultation is significantly reduced.
In addition, the exhaust heat of the engine generator is recovered in the form of hot water, except in exceptional cases, such as when the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater temporarily does not require exhaust heat input during operation. Since all of the recovered heat is supplied to the waste heat input type absorption chiller / heater,
The recovery and utilization of waste heat is performed rationally and efficiently. The change in the amount of heat input due to the change in the cooling / heating load is handled by adjusting the amount of heat generated by the combustion device, so that the heat balance is always balanced, and there is no waste and no shortage.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the engine generator is frequently started and operated as in the conventional system separation system.
Continuous operation can be performed with high efficiency without the need to stop, and the amount of heat input from the combustion means is automatically increased or decreased in response to changes in the required heat input of the exhaust heat input absorption chiller / heater due to fluctuations in the cooling / heating load Can always balance the heat balance.
As a result, the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater can generate required cold / hot water in a stable state and supply it to the cooling / heating load device. Furthermore, the amount of heat generated by the combustion means is controlled so as to be the minimum required as a result, the cooling and heating efficiency of the entire cooling and heating water system is good, and the input heat of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is not too small or too small. It does not occur.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the storage battery can be constantly charged in the cold / hot water system without being supported by an external power supply, and can be started as a cold / hot water system by itself. Is established. Furthermore, immediately after the start, the generated voltage of the engine generator becomes transiently unstable, but during this transitional period, the voltage fluctuation is particularly contraindicated for equipment (for example, electric equipment having an electronic control circuit). Thus, a stable DC power can be supplied from the charged storage battery. As a result, during the suspension of operation, the "posture for starting cold / hot water supply at any time" is ensured with high reliability, and the responsiveness when a cold / hot water supply request is received is high.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the engine generator can be protected, its voltage fluctuation can be suppressed to a minimum, and the cooling / heating system can be started smoothly and quickly started. That is, the present invention is based on the premise that the commercial power supply is not supported, but the power supply capacity of the engine generator is relatively small as compared with the huge power supply capacity of the commercial power supply. On the other hand, most of the electric equipment mounted on the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliaries are electric motors, and their starting currents are large. For this reason, when the power supply capacity is small, there is a problem that the power supply voltage drops greatly when the electric motor which is an electric load is turned on. Therefore, applying the present invention, when the electric equipment having the largest load capacity among the plurality of electric equipments is turned on first, the electric equipment having the second or lower load capacity has not been turned on yet. Therefore, there is a margin in the capacity of the engine generator as the power source, the endurance of the electric equipment having the maximum load capacity is endured, and the instantaneous voltage drop is suppressed to the minimum. Thereafter, by sequentially turning on the electric equipment having a large load capacity, there is no possibility that a remarkable voltage drop occurs and the engine receives a remarkably large shock load (rotational resistance).

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, when the operation of the cold / hot water system is stopped and the circulation of the exhaust hot water whose exhaust heat is recovered by the operation stop of the engine generator is stopped, the exhaust hot water is discharged by the residual heat of the engine. May be boiled. For this reason, in the related art using a commercial power supply, it is general that the hot water pump is continuously rotated by the commercial power supply until the temperature of the circulating hot water decreases. However, in the present invention which does not use a commercial power supply, the present invention is not limited to claim 5.
By applying the above, it is possible to prevent the boiling when the engine generator is continuously operated with a light load and the circulation of the exhausted hot water is continued even after the necessity of supplying the hot and cold water is eliminated. The above-mentioned light-load operation is intended to operate at a power generation capacity sufficient to supply power consumption of electrical equipment required for security, and the predetermined temperature at which there is no fear of boiling is determined by experiment or experience. For example, the temperature can be appropriately set to, for example, 60 ° C. or less.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent overheating of waste water due to reduction or disappearance of cooling and heating loads. That is, the cooling and heating load has a temporary change (for example, a decrease in the factory cooling and heating load during lunch) in addition to seasonal and daily fluctuations. When the cooling / heating load is rapidly reduced, the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater can relatively quickly follow, and the power generation capacity of the engine generator and the generated torque of the engine can also relatively quickly follow. However, it is difficult to quickly follow the thermal state of the engine because the cylinder block portion (including the built-in member) having a large heat capacity has thermal inertia, and a state of excessive recovered exhaust heat appears. There is a danger of doing so. Therefore, in the invention of claim 6, a part or most of the retained heat amount of the waste heat water, which may be overheated due to excessive heat recovery, is dissipated into the air via the radiator, so that the overheat of the waste heat water is prevented. .
The invention according to claim 6 is suitable when the engine generator is installed in a relatively well-ventilated place.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the sixth aspect is provided.
In the same manner as in the invention of the third aspect, it is possible to prevent the overheating of the waste water by the reduction or disappearance of the cooling and heating loads.
The technical background of the seventh aspect of the present invention is substantially the same as the technical background of the sixth aspect of the present invention. When the cooling and heating loads are rapidly reduced, the power generation capacity and the generated torque of the engine generator are relatively small. Although it can be easily adapted and rapidly decreased, there is a risk that the exhaust heat recovered from the exhaust heat may be overheated due to the thermal inertia of the engine block of the engine generator. Therefore, in the invention of claim 7, waste heat water having a risk of overheating is circulated through the cooling tower, and the retained heat amount of the waste heat water is radiated into the atmosphere. The invention of claim 7 is suitable for application when the ventilation of the engine generator installation location is not sufficient, and can be implemented without the need for a radiator by additionally installing piping and valves.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, when disassembling and transporting a cold and hot water unit assembled and tested in a manufacturing plant and assembling it on site, the efficiency and the possibility of making a mistake in the assembly operation are significantly reduced. Similarly, the work of disassembling, transporting, and reassembling the cold / hot water equipment once installed is performed efficiently and with high reliability. In carrying out the method of the present invention of claim 8, the gantry is configured to be large and a cooling tower can be mounted, and the cooling tower can be separately provided outside the gantry. In this case, the above-described effects are also exhibited. In addition, since the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater are installed on a common frame, the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater can be relatively reliably and easily. In addition, since the positioning is performed with high accuracy, there is no possibility that the installation of the pipes and wirings for connecting the two devices may be disturbed.
Piping and wiring work can be performed quickly and easily. Furthermore, by providing the gantry with an earthquake-resistant structure, earthquake resistance can be obtained for the entire cold / hot water facility. Also, from the perspective of the building construction department, which is in charge of foundation work and floor work, it is necessary to arrange a large number of anchor bolts for installing the engine generator and exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater in accordance with complex construction design drawings. It is sufficient to install anchor bolts for installing the gantry in a simple arrangement, and the required level of flatness of the floor does not become excessively severe, so that the cost of foundation and building work is reduced, and the foundation and building are reduced. The construction period is shortened.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, a comprehensive designer who plans various designs including a cooling and heating device can select a desired cooling and heating capacity from a plurality of sets of cooling and heating water generating units designed and prepared. You can select the cooling / heating water generation unit that has the specifications, as shown in the catalog of the selected cooling / heating water unit, the overall shape, dimensions, weight, required installation area, other fuel consumption rate, noise level, etc. Since the data necessary for the comprehensive design can be obtained, the comprehensive planning and design can be quickly and easily performed without any specialized advanced knowledge and experience on the cooling and heating technology. With regard to extremely detailed and specific cooling and heating technology, the experts of the selected cooling and heating water unit manufacturer will be assigned to the project, and the technical division of labor will be carried out clearly and smoothly, and the expertise in different fields will be different. There is no possibility that trouble will occur in communication between persons.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the shortage of the input heat amount of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is compensated for by the increase in the heat generation amount of the combustion means, and the operation can be continued. The storage battery used can be used as a stable power source for control equipment, ensuring the supply of cold and hot water in the event of a temporary failure of the engine generator, and maintaining high reliability of the entire cold and hot water system. it can. In this case, as a general characteristic of the heating / cooling load device, even if the temperature of the cooling / heating water temporarily fluctuates due to the switching of the input heat source of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, practical problems can be ignored. it can.

According to the eleventh aspect, the first aspect is provided.
The cold / hot water generator suitable for carrying out the method of the present invention can be constructed. In other words, because the power consumption of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment) and the power generation capacity of the engine generator are balanced, operate in the rated state without receiving power supply from the external power supply. The power balance in the cold / hot water generation system including the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the engine generator is balanced, and no excess or shortage occurs. In addition, when the required cooling and heating capacity is determined when designing a comprehensive plan for the equipment including the cooling and heating equipment, if the exhaust heat input absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment) that matches this cooling and heating capacity is selected, the required power will be reduced. Since the optimal engine generator according to the combination is a cold and hot water unit,
There is no need to perform cold / hot design calculations for the combination with the engine generator. In addition, since the specification data such as the required installation area and the required basic strength of the cooling / heating water unit composed of the above combination can be easily obtained, the comprehensive design can be performed quickly and easily. Further, since the required power of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary equipment) is supplied by an engine generator without excess or deficiency, there is no need to form a system with a commercial power supply, and system equipment costs are reduced. There is no danger that enormous effort will be required for negotiations with power companies and various procedures to government offices.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the heat balance between the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the engine generator is automatically balanced, so that even if the cooling / heating load fluctuates, the required chilled / hot water is always required. Can be generated and supplied. That is, as an essential component in the independent claim 11, the electric power balance is balanced between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater (including auxiliary machines). However, even if the power balance is balanced, the heat balance is not always balanced. In addition, since the cooling and heating load changes with time, the amount of exhaust heat recovered and the required amount of heat naturally do not coincide except for an accidental instantaneous coincidence. Therefore, according to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the heat balance is balanced by supplementing the insufficient amount of heat with the amount of heat generated by the combustion device. As a result, even when the cooling / heating load fluctuates, the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is always supplied with a sufficient amount of heat, and appropriate cooling / heating water can be generated and supplied to the cooling / heating load.

According to the thirteenth aspect, not only can steady operation be continued without the assistance of external power,
The starting operation can be performed without the need for external power support, and the storage battery used for the starting operation is constantly charged and maintained without the assistance of external power. further,
Immediately after the start of the engine generator, a transient state in which the generated voltage is unstable due to the unstable rotation speed appears, and even during this voltage unstable period, the voltage is controlled by using the storage battery as a power source. It is possible to normally operate the control means including the electronic device contraindicated to the fluctuation.

According to the fourteenth aspect of the present invention, when the amount of heat contained in the waste heat recovery hot water becomes excessive due to some circumstances, and the waste heat water may be overheated, the three-way valve causes the flow of the waste heat water to flow. The exhaust gas heat generated by the engine generator is absorbed, and all or a part of the exhaust water flow that has become high in temperature is circulated to the radiator to reduce the temperature of the exhaust water, thereby preventing overheating of the exhaust water. You. Further, since the three-way valve has a throttle function, the amount of heat radiation from the radiator can be adjusted. This allows the heat quantity from the hot water to be supplied to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater with no excess or shortage.

According to the fifteenth aspect, the first aspect is provided.
As in the invention of the fourth aspect, when there is a risk that the waste heat water may be overheated, part of the amount of heat held by the waste heat water can be radiated from the cooling tower to prevent overheating. According to the fifteenth aspect, there is no need to separately install a radiator, and the cooling tower, which is an auxiliary device of the hot and cold water machine, is used. However, the length of the pipe is generally larger than when a radiator is provided. The invention according to claim 15 is suitable for a case where ventilation and ventilation at a place where the engine generator is installed are not so good. The reason is that the cooling tower is generally installed in a place with good ventilation.

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, when disassembling, transporting, and reassembling the cold / hot water generator that has been assembled and tested in a manufacturing plant, and reassembled and installed, the on-site reproducibility of the factory assembly condition is good and the on-site reassembly work is performed. Is performed quickly, easily and with high accuracy, so that the number of work steps is reduced and the installation period is shortened. Even when the cold / hot water generator once installed on site is relocated, quick and easy disassembly / transport and reassembly are possible in the same manner as described above. In particular, since the relative positional relationship between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is regulated with high accuracy by the gantry, there is no possibility that the work of assembling the pipes may be disturbed.

According to the seventeenth aspect of the present invention, each unit can generate cold and hot water without being supplied with external electric power, and the cooling and heating capacity is indicated for each unit. Even a comprehensive plan designer who does not have a high level of expertise in chilled / hot water technology, selects a chilled / hot water generating unit consisting of the optimal combination only by calculating the required cooling and heating capacity using the catalog numerical values as an index. If any of the cooling / heating water generating units is selected, various technical information from the cooling / heating machine manufacturer (for example, required installation area, equipment weight, required basic strength, etc.)
, It is possible to quickly, easily, and with high quality to carry out comprehensive planning and designing of comprehensive facilities including air conditioning and heating equipment.

According to the eighteenth aspect, the generation of cold and hot water can be continued when the engine generator fails. In other words, as a countermeasure against the loss of the supply of recovered exhaust heat (supply of exhaust hot water) due to the failure of the engine generator, the combustion means is fully operated to compensate for the shortage of heat input by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. In order to prevent the power supply from being lost due to the failure of the engine generator, the power source of the pump drive motor is switched from the engine generator to the commercial power source. In this case, even if a short-term power outage occurs due to power switching,
As can be easily understood from the role of the pump of the absorption chiller / heater, there is no risk of serious damage.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a chilled / hot water generator configured to carry out a chilled / hot water generation method that does not require external power supply according to the present invention, and the supply and demand of power is indicated by chain arrows. It is a system diagram.

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a cold and hot water generation device according to a second embodiment configured to cool the waste water by providing a radiator by improving the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1 described above. .

FIG. 3 is a modification of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2 shown above, in which an additional installation of a radiator is not required; FIG.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic diagrams each showing a state in which an engine generator and an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater according to an embodiment of the present invention are installed on a gantry and a cooling tower is separately provided. FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1. Exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, 1a ... Cooling water pump, 1
b: cold / hot water pump, 1c: three-way valve, 1d: burner, 1
e: hot water pump, 2 ... engine generator, 2a ... cell motor, 3 ... cooling tower, 3a ... fan motor, 4 ... gas fuel,
5 operation circuit, 6 storage battery, 7 automatic control device, 8,
8 ': stand, 9: radiator, 10: heat exchanger, 11 ...
valve.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Kunio Yazawa 1-4-3, Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside NTT Facilities Co., Ltd. (72) Kenji Machizawa 603, Kandamachi, Tsuchiura-shi, Ibaraki Prefecture Address Cooling System Design Department, Tsuchiura Plant, Hitachi, Ltd. (72) Inventor: Akira Kaneda 1st Izumi-cho, Kanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Engineering Department, Hitachi Building Facility Engineering Co., Ltd. 4-16-29 Hitachi Building Facility Engineering Co., Ltd. Development Research Department

Claims (18)

[Claims] An electric power consumed by an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliaries and an electric power generated by an engine generator are balanced to collect exhaust heat of the engine generator in the form of hot water. Then, all of the recovered heat is input to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater generates cold / hot water. From the input heat, the shortfall obtained by subtracting the heat supplied by the exhaust heat recovery of the engine generator is supplemented by the heat generated by the combustion means provided in the exhaust heat input absorption chiller / heater, so that it can be externally supplied. A method for generating cold and hot water that does not require external power supply, characterized in that the energy balance between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is substantially balanced without receiving the electric power supply. 2. The temperature and / or flow rate of the cold / hot water generated by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the exhaust heat of the engine generator are collected and input to the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. Detecting the temperature and / or flow rate of the hot water to be supplied, calculating the shortage of the heat input required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater based on the detected value, and compensating for the calculated value of the insufficient heat. 2. The cooling and heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said combustion means is automatically operated / stopped, and the amount of heat generated by said combustion means is automatically controlled to increase or decrease. Water generation method. 3. The engine of the engine generator is provided with an electric motor for starting, and at the time of starting, the electric motor for starting is operated by electric power supplied from a storage battery. Until the generated voltage of the power generator becomes stable, the power required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the control device of the auxiliary machine is supplied from the storage battery, and while the engine generator is in steady operation. Then, a part of the generated power is rectified, supplied to the storage battery and charged,
3. The method for generating cold and hot water which does not require external power supply according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is prepared for the next start. 4. After starting the generator with an engine and stabilizing the generated voltage, among the plurality of electric devices provided in the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment, It is characterized by sequentially turning on and supplying power from the one with the largest load capacity to operate.
4. The method for generating cold and hot water according to claim 1, which does not require an external power supply. 5. After the cooling and heating loads have been removed, the engine generator is continuously operated under a light load state, and the temperature of the exhaust hot water from which the exhaust heat of the engine has been recovered falls below a predetermined temperature, which may cause boiling. The method for generating cold and hot water which does not require external power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the engine is stopped after the engine has run out. 6. The exhaust hot water recovered from the exhaust heat of the engine generator when the cooling or heating load decreases or disappears and the heat input required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater decreases or disappears. By dissipating a part or most of the amount of heat which has to the atmosphere through a radiator, the thermal balance between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is maintained. The method for generating cold and hot water which does not require an external power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7. A cooling tower is provided as an auxiliary device of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater, and a cooling / heating load is reduced or disappears, and a heat input required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is required. When the temperature decreases or disappears, the exhaust heat recovered from the engine generator is circulated through the cooling tower, and part or most of the heat of the exhaust heat is radiated into the atmosphere by the cooling tower. The electric power supply from the outside according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the thermal balance between the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is maintained by causing the heat generation. And how to generate cold and hot water. 8. A gantry on which the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater can be mounted, and the gantry is installed on the ground or on a foundation structure or on the floor. 2. The method for generating cold and hot water which does not require external power supply according to claim 1, wherein a feeding type absorption chiller / heater is conveyed and installed on the gantry, and piping and wiring are provided. 9. For each of a plurality of types of exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater having different cooling and heating capacities, calculate the amount of electric power consumed by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment. Select an engine generator that has a power generation amount approximately equal to the power consumption of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater of each model, and select an engine generator with balanced power generation and power consumption and an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. In addition to designing and preparing multiple sets of chilled / hot water generating units consisting of combinations with chillers and their accessories, and piping and wiring, each unit is marked with its cooling and heating capacity to provide various cooling and heating functions. 2. The generation of cold and hot water which does not require external power supply according to claim 1, wherein an appropriate unit can be selected by using the cooling and heating capacity as parameters in response to the demand for heating capacity. Method 10. The failure of the engine generator,
When the hot water supply and the power supply from the engine generator are lost, the electric power demand of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary equipment is temporarily provided by a commercial power supply, and the amount of heat generated by the combustion means is increased. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the loss of heat supply by the waste heat water is compensated, and the required power of the control circuit is supplied from the storage battery to continue the operation of the waste heat input type absorption chiller / heater. Cold and hot water generation method that does not require external power supply. 11. An exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and its auxiliary device, an engine generator having a power generation capacity balanced with electric power consumed by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and auxiliary device, and the engine A pipe, a pump, and a valve for supplying the exhaust heat from the generator as exhaust heat water, and supplying the exhaust heat water to an exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater; and Characterized by functioning as a cold and hot heat source without receiving power supply,
A cold / hot water generator that does not require external power supply. 12. An arithmetic function for calculating the amount of heat required by the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the amount of heat supplied by the engine generator as exhaust water, and comparing the excess and deficiency of both the amounts of heat. An automatic controller is provided, and combustion means is provided to compensate for the insufficient heat when the supplied heat is insufficient. The automatic controller ignites the combustion means so that the required heat and the supplied heat are equal. 12. The chilled / hot water generator according to claim 11, having a function of extinguishing a fire and adjusting a combustion state. 13. The engine generator comprises a starting cell motor, a storage battery for supplying power to the cell motor, and charging means for the storage battery. The power supply from the outside according to claim 12, characterized in that it operates by receiving power supply from the storage battery after the machine is started and until the generated voltage is stabilized. Cold and hot water generator. 14. A three-way valve provided in the middle of a pipe through which exhaust hot water generated by collecting exhaust heat of the engine generator and circulating through the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater is provided. A radiator connected to a pipe branched from the valve; and the three-way valve has a throttle function in addition to a flow path switching function, wherein the three-way valve has a throttle function. 14. The cold / hot water generator according to claim 13, which does not require an external power supply. 15. A three-way having a throttling function, provided in the middle of a pipe through which exhaust hot water generated by collecting exhaust heat of the engine generator is circulated through the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater. A valve, a heat exchanger having a heating-side flow path connected to a pipe branched from the three-way valve, and a pipe connecting the heated-side flow path of the heat exchanger and the cooling tower. The cold / hot water generator according to any one of claims 11 to 13, which does not require an external power supply. 16. The apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a gantry on which the engine generator and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater can be positioned and installed. A cold / hot water generator that does not require external power supply as described in any of the above. 17. A plurality of types of exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater having different cooling and heating capacities and their auxiliary devices, and each of the plurality of types of exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater includes auxiliary devices. It consists of multiple types of engine generators with power generation capacity that balances the amount of power consumed, and the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and engine generator of each type are designed to correspond to the power consumption and power generation capacity. 17. An external power supply according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein a plurality of types of combined cold and hot water generating units are formed, and each unit is marked with cooling and heating capabilities. Cold and hot water generator that does not require supply. 18. The automatic control device according to claim 1, wherein when the engine generator fails and stops supplying hot water, the automatic control device has a function of increasing the amount of heat generated by the combustion means and compensating for the disappearance of the supply of heat due to the waste water. And, when the engine generator breaks down and the power supply is stopped, the power supply of the exhaust heat input type absorption chiller / heater and the electric motor mounted on the auxiliary machine is changed from the engine generator to the commercial power supply. The cold / hot water generator that does not require an external power supply according to claim 12 or 13, characterized by having a switching function.