JPH10274015A - Intake/exhaust valve for internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a valve which is smoothly operated under high speed operation of an engine by arranging rotary valves as intake and exhaust valves for an internal combustion engine, thereby smoothly flowing intake and exhaust flow at intake and exhaust ports of a combustion chamber, and arranging only one part in motion that is, a continuously rotated valve element. SOLUTION: A combustion chamber opening 1 is formed on a combustion chamber as an intake port or an exhaust port. A valve element 2 which is rotated in airtight contact with the combustion chamber opening 1 is rotated interlockingly with a crank shaft of an engine. A valve element opening 3 is formed on the valve element 2 at its position faced to the combustion chamber opening 1 at the time of opening the valve, and the valve is opened and closed by rotation. An air passage side opening 5 is formed on the valve element 2, at its position which is not faced to the combustion opening 1, and is connected to the valve element opening 3 by a valve element air passage 4. The connection ports of an intake passage and an exhaust passage 6 are directed to the air passage side opening 5. A valve box 7 is arranged so as to cover the valve.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

2. Description of the Related Art An internal combustion engine which uses a combustion chamber composed of a cylinder and a piston and repeats the intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust strokes to operate is provided with an intake air which is opened when intake air, which is a combustion product, is introduced into the combustion chamber. Some valves use an exhaust valve that opens when exhaust gas after combustion is discharged outside the combustion chamber. The present invention relates to the structure of these valves of an internal combustion engine, in which the valve is opened and closed by the action of a continuously rotating valve element.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional general structure of an intake valve and an exhaust valve has a valve body having a shape in which an intake path or an exhaust path leads to a combustion chamber and the opening is closed from the inside of the combustion chamber. The valve is opened by a cam mechanism interlocking with a crankshaft of the engine pressing a push rod provided on the valve body so as to protrude out of the combustion chamber. The valve closes because the push rod attached to the valve body is pulled by a spring force, and the valve closes the openings of the intake passage and the exhaust passage.

[0003]

In a valve having a structure in which an intake passage or an exhaust passage communicates with a combustion chamber and a valve body having a shape to close the opening from the inside of the combustion chamber is provided, the valve is opened. A valve body having a larger diameter than the openings of the intake path and the exhaust path is located in front of the openings. Therefore, when the intake air and the exhaust gas pass through the valve, the flow hits the valve body and goes around the outer periphery of the valve body. Therefore, the presence of the valve body in front of the opening of the valve impedes the smooth flow of intake air and exhaust gas. Also, when the engine rotates at high speed, the valves must be opened and closed frequently. In this case, in a valve having a structure in which the valve is pushed open by the cam and the valve is closed by the force of the spring, it is necessary to increase the force of the spring in order to quickly close the valve.
However, when the valve is opened, it is pushed open against the force of this spring, so if the force of the spring is strong, the force required to drive the cam mechanism will be large, and the actuation output that can be taken out of the engine will be reduced. become. From these facts, by making the structure of the intake valve and the exhaust valve without a member that obstructs the flow of the intake and exhaust gas in front of the opening of the valve, the flow of the intake and exhaust gas becomes smoother. If the force required to open and close the valve can be made smaller than that using a cam mechanism, an internal combustion engine with better performance than before can be obtained.

[0004]

According to the present invention, an intake valve and an exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine are used as rotating chambers, and an opening provided in a rotating valve body for opening and closing the valve is directed to a combustion chamber. An opening is provided separately for the intake passage or the exhaust passage from that for the combustion chamber.
Further, it can be implemented with a similar structure as an intake valve or an exhaust valve. In the valve according to the present invention, as with the conventional intake valve and exhaust valve, the intake valve has a position where the ventilation path from the intake supply device is connected to the combustion chamber, and the exhaust valve has the exhaust path leading to the exhaust device in the combustion chamber. It is provided at the connecting position. The structure of the valve according to the present invention will be described. In the combustion chamber of the cylinder, the intake valve is provided with an opening (1) outside the combustion chamber as an intake port for sucking intake air into the combustion chamber, and an exhaust valve as an exhaust port discharging exhaust gas from the combustion chamber. It is provided as an opening toward. A valve body (2) that rotates in contact with the combustion chamber opening (1) is provided at a position that closes the combustion chamber opening (1) so as to maintain the airtightness of the combustion chamber. The valve body (2) is rotated exactly one revolution every two revolutions of the crankshaft of the engine.
A valve body drive mechanism (10) is provided. On the surface of the valve body (2) in contact with the combustion chamber opening (1), the intake valve opens when the intake air is drawn into the combustion chamber, and the exhaust valve opens when the exhaust gas is discharged out of the combustion chamber. At the position facing (1),
The valve body opening (3) is provided, and ventilation can be performed between the combustion chamber and the valve body ventilation path (4) provided in the valve body (2) only during that period. The valve body (2) is provided with a valve body ventilation path (4) communicating with the valve body opening (3) as an intake or exhaust path. A valve body ventilation path (4) is provided in the valve body (2).
An air path side opening (5) is provided that opens toward an intake path from an intake supply device or an exhaust path to an exhaust device. The air path side opening (5) is a combustion chamber opening (1) even when the valve element (2) rotates.
And a position where they do not face. A connection port to the valve of the intake path or the exhaust path (6) is provided at a position communicating with the valve body ventilation path (4) through the air path side opening (5). The passage between the valve body ventilation path (4) and the intake path or the exhaust path (6) may be open regardless of the opening and closing of the valve. A valve box (7) is provided as a cover for shielding the intake and exhaust passages of the valve from the surrounding space. With the above structure, an intake valve and an exhaust valve are realized in which the valve element is not located in front of the flow of the intake and exhaust gas and the cam mechanism is not used.

[0005]

The operation of the valve according to the present invention will be described. The valve element (2) makes one rotation for every two rotations of the crankshaft of the engine. Therefore, each time the engine goes through the steps of intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust, the valve body opening (3) provided in the valve body (2) faces the combustion chamber opening (1) once. A flow path connecting the combustion chamber and the valve body ventilation path (4) is formed, and the valve opens. In the intake valve, the intake air supplied from the intake supply device through the intake passage (6) communicates with the valve body ventilation passage (4) through the air passage opening (5). When the combustion chamber performs intake, the valve body opening (3) faces the combustion chamber opening (1), and the intake air flows from the valve body ventilation passage (4) to the valve body opening (3) and the combustion chamber opening. Through (1), it flows into the combustion chamber. In the case of an exhaust valve, the valve body opening (3) faces the combustion chamber opening (1) when the combustion chamber exhausts.
At this time, the exhaust gas in the combustion chamber passes through the combustion chamber opening (1) and the valve body opening (3) to the valve body ventilation path (4), and further through the air path side opening (5) and the exhaust path (6). Through the exhaust system. When the valve body opening (3) is not positioned to face the combustion chamber opening (1) due to the rotation of the valve body (2), the flow path connecting the combustion chamber and the valve body ventilation path (4) is cut off. , The valve closes. At this time, the valve body (2) rotates while closing the combustion chamber opening (1), and keeps the combustion chamber (9) airtight. The valve box (7) prevents the intake and exhaust air from leaking out of the valve as a cover of the valve.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As an embodiment, a valve according to the present invention is provided as an intake valve and an exhaust valve in a cylinder head portion of an internal combustion engine. Since the rotation axis of the valve element (2) can be parallel to the crankshaft, in the case of an in-line multiple cylinder engine, the valve element (2) provided corresponding to each combustion chamber is
It can be connected to a single shaft and driven to rotate collectively. In the intake / exhaust valve according to the present invention, the intake or exhaust gas passes through the valve body ventilation path (4) provided in the valve body (2), and the rotation of the valve body (2) is utilized. In the valve body ventilation passage (4), in the case of an intake valve, it goes from the airway side opening (5) to the valve body opening (3), and in the case of the exhaust valve, it goes from the valve body opening (3) to the airway side opening (5). By providing the rotating wings (8) that generate the airflow, the flow of the intake air or the exhaust air can be promoted. Also, instead of providing the rotor (8),
The same effect can be obtained even if the valve body ventilation path (4) is spiral or radial. Airway opening (5)
May be provided on the side surface of the valve element (2). In this case, since the valve element ventilation path (4) is radial toward the air path side opening (5), the flow of exhaust gas can be promoted by using this as an exhaust valve. When a plurality of intake ports or exhaust ports are provided for one combustion chamber, this can be easily achieved by increasing the number of combustion chamber openings (1) and the number of corresponding valve body openings (3). An intake valve according to the invention,
In the exhaust valve, a strong force due to combustion is applied to a portion of the valve body (2) that covers the combustion chamber opening (1) during a combustion stroke, and a bearing that supports the rotation of the valve body (2) exerts this force. Something that can withstand this is needed. However, by providing the combustion chamber opening (1) as a pair at a position axially symmetric with respect to the rotation axis of the valve element (2), the forces applied to the valve element (2) cancel each other out, and a large force is applied to the bearing. Will not join. In the case of a valve having this structure, the valve is opened each time the valve body (2) makes a half turn, so that the valve body (2) makes one rotation for every four rotations of the crankshaft.

[0007]

As compared with the intake and exhaust valves using the conventional cam mechanism, the valve according to the present invention is superior in the following points. There are no obstacles in front of the intake and exhaust ports of the combustion chamber that hinder the flow of intake or exhaust. Since the moving part is only the valve element that performs continuous rotation, it operates smoothly even during high-speed rotation. It is easy to provide a plurality of intake ports or exhaust ports for one combustion chamber. Provision of the rotor blades can facilitate the flow of intake air and exhaust gas. The number of parts of the intake and exhaust valves can be reduced, and the engine can be downsized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional perspective view of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view, partly in section, of an embodiment of a plurality of in-line cylinders.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of an embodiment provided with a rotary wing.

FIG. 5 is a partially sectional perspective view of an embodiment in which an air passage opening is provided on a side surface of a valve body.

FIG. 6 is a partially sectional perspective view of an embodiment in which a plurality of combustion chamber openings are provided for one combustion chamber.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of an embodiment in which a combustion chamber opening is provided at an axially symmetric position of a valve body.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 is a combustion chamber opening 2 is a valve element 3 is a valve element opening 4 is a valve element ventilation path 5 is an air path side opening 6 is an intake path or an exhaust path 7 is a valve box 8 is a rotating blade 9 is a combustion chamber 10 is a valve element Drive mechanism

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A combustion chamber opening (1) is provided in a combustion chamber of a cylinder. (B) A valve body (2) is provided at a position that closes the combustion chamber opening (1) and that rotates in airtight contact with the combustion chamber opening (1). (C) A valve body drive mechanism (10) for rotating the valve body (2) in conjunction with the rotation of the crankshaft of the engine is provided. (D) On the surface of the valve body (2) in contact with the combustion chamber opening (1), at a position facing the combustion chamber opening (1) when the valve is opened,
A valve body opening (3) is provided. (E) The valve body (2) is provided with a valve body ventilation path (4) communicating with the valve body opening (3) as an intake or exhaust path. (F) In the valve element (2), an air path side opening (5) in which a valve element ventilation path (4) opens toward an intake path from an intake supply device or an exhaust path to an exhaust device is provided with a combustion chamber opening. It is provided at a position that does not face (1). (G) A valve body ventilation path (4) is provided by connecting a connection port of the intake path or the exhaust path (6) to the valve through an air path side opening (5).
It is provided at a position that leads to (H) A valve box (7) is provided as a cover for shielding the intake and exhaust passages of the valve from the surrounding space. An intake and exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine configured as described above. 2. The intake / exhaust valve of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein a rotary vane (8) is provided in the valve body ventilation path (4) for utilizing rotation of the valve body (2).