JPH10169523A - Fuel supplying method for diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel fuel supplying method for a diesel engine capable of using emulsion fuel, clean and excellent in thermal efficiency, as fuel for an diesel engine. SOLUTION: Liquid fossil fuel K is jetted from an injection nozzle 10 for liquid fossil fuel to be burned when a piston 3 reaches the top dead center, and emulsion fuel E is jetted from an injection nozzle 11 for emulsion fuel in a moment the piston 3 begins lowering, by the reaction to the combustion, to burn the fuel E. Consequently, the emulsion fuel, clean and excellent in thermal efficiency, can be used as fuel for a diesel engine.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a fuel supply method for a diesel engine used as a prime mover for ships and trucks.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the present inventors have developed a clean and heat-efficient emulsion fuel as a new fuel which can replace conventional petroleum-based liquid fossil fuels and the like, and have been attracting attention in many fields. No. 7-273110).

[0003] This emulsion fuel is about 1 to 2 times in volume ratio to a concentrated emulsion fuel material composed of a synthetic anionic surfactant, a mousse-like emulsifier of distilled water, and a petroleum liquid fuel material such as kerosene and light oil. The water is mixed and stirred, and high combustion heat can be generated by single combustion, and the amount of dust and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas during combustion is extremely small, and it is stable even during long-term storage, and It has features such as excellent thermal efficiency.

At present, the present inventors have keenly developed a method of effectively burning such an excellent emulsion fuel so as to be used as a fuel for a boiler of a thermal power plant, a gas turbine, a diesel engine, or the like. Research and development.

[0005]

If this emulsion fuel can be used as a fuel for a diesel engine instead of conventional petroleum-based liquid fossil fuel such as kerosene, a clean exhaust gas can be obtained and the output of the engine can be simplified. Can rise.

However, since this emulsion fuel contains a large amount of water, it requires a higher ignition temperature (400 ° C. or higher) than liquid fossil fuel such as light oil. However, when the temperature in the cylinder is lowered, there is a problem that an ignition explosion does not occur and the engine cannot be operated stably.

Accordingly, the present invention has been devised in order to effectively solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an emulsion fuel having excellent features developed by the present inventors to a diesel engine. An object of the present invention is to provide a novel diesel engine fuel supply method that can be effectively used as fuel.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a cylinder head for a diesel engine.
A liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle that atomizes liquid fossil fuel such as light oil and injects it into the cylinder, and an emulsion fuel that atomizes emulsion fuel containing surfactant, liquid fossil fuel and water as main components and injects it into the cylinder Providing an injection nozzle,
When the piston reaches the top dead center, liquid fossil fuel is injected from the liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle and burned, and the emulsion fuel is injected from the emulsion fuel injection nozzle at the moment when the piston starts to descend by the reaction. And then burn it.

As a result, it becomes possible to use the emulsion fuel developed by the present inventors as fuel for a diesel engine, and purify exhaust gas and increase engine output.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a diesel engine according to the method of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylinder block forming a cylinder 2, 3 denotes a piston which moves up and down in the cylinder 2, and 4 denotes a piston. A piston rod for transmitting the movement of the piston 3 to a crankshaft (not shown),
Is a cylinder head provided on the upper part of the cylinder 2.

The cylinder head 5 is formed with an intake port 6 and an exhaust port 7 which communicate with the inside of the cylinder 2. Further, the intake port 6 and the exhaust port 7 are connected to a valve 8, 9 are provided.

At the center of the cylinder head 5, a liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle 10 for atomizing a liquid fossil fuel (light oil, heavy oil, etc.) and injecting it into the cylinder 2 is developed by the present inventors. An emulsion fuel injection nozzle 11 for atomizing the new emulsion fuel E and injecting it into the cylinder 2 is provided. Further, these liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle 10 and emulsion fuel injection nozzle 11 are provided.
Are connected to a liquid fossil fuel supply means 12 for supplying the liquid fossil fuel K and an emulsion fuel supply means 13 for supplying the emulsion fuel E, respectively.

The liquid fossil fuel supply means 12 includes an injection pump 20 for pumping the liquid fossil fuel K to the liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle 10 and a fuel tank 1 for storing the liquid fossil fuel K.
5, a feeder pump 16 for supplying the liquid fossil fuel K in the fuel tank 15 to the injection pump 20, and a liquid fossil fuel K
Is connected to a fuel filter 17 for filtering fuel by a fuel supply line 18 and an overflow line 19, so that an appropriate amount of the liquid fossil fuel K according to the accelerator opening can be supplied to the liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle 10 side. ing.

On the other hand, the emulsion fuel supply means 13 also has an injection pump 24 for pumping the emulsion fuel E to the emulsion fuel injection nozzle 11, a fuel tank 21 for storing the emulsion fuel E, and an emulsion fuel E in the fuel tank 21. And a fuel filter 23 for filtering the emulsion fuel E are connected by a fuel supply line 22 and an overflow line 23, and an appropriate amount of light oil E corresponding to the accelerator opening is used for the emulsion. Fuel injection nozzle 11
Side can be supplied. The feeder pumps 16 and 22 and the injection pumps 20 and 24 are driven by a fuel injection cam linked to a crankshaft (not shown), as in the related art. Also, a plurality of fuel supply lines are connected to the injection pump 20, so that one injection pump can distribute and supply the fuel in the fuel tank to each cylinder.

The emulsion fuel E stored in the fuel tank 21 is newly developed by the present inventors as described above, and comprises an emulsifier comprising an anionic surfactant and kerosene or light oil. (Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 7-2731).
No. 10).

More specifically, a synthetic anionic surfactant solution which is a mixture of sodium alkyl ether sulfate and sodium alkylbenzene as anionic surfactant, or polyoxyethylene alkyl ether which is also an anionic surfactant Distilled water is added to a synthetic anionic surfactant solution, which is a mixture of sodium sulfate and sodium alpha olefin sulfonate, and stirred to form a mousse-like emulsifier having uniform foaming properties. After a petroleum-based liquid fuel such as kerosene or light oil is mixed and stirred into an emulsifier to produce a concentrated concentrated emulsion fuel stock solution, 1.0 to 2.0 times the volume ratio of water is added to the concentrated emulsion fuel stock solution. It is obtained by mixing and stirring. The emulsion fuel E obtained in this manner is excellent in chemical stability without separation even during long-term storage, and after combustion, does not require any other heating means or fuel. As with fuels, the results of experiments already conducted by the present inventors have revealed that excellent points such as high combustion heat of up to about 1000 ° C. or more can be generated by single combustion and clean combustion exhaust gas can be discharged. ing.

Next, the fuel supply method of the present invention using the diesel engine having such a configuration will be described.

First, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), when the piston 3 descends in the cylinder 2, the cam 8
Is lowered to open the intake port 6, and air flows into the cylinder 2 from the intake port 6 due to the negative pressure. Next, when the piston 3 starts to move upward from the bottom dead center, the intake port 6 closes and the air in the cylinder 3 is compressed, and as shown in FIG. 2B, the piston 3 reaches the top dead center and is compressed. When the liquid fossil fuel (light oil) K is atomized and ejected into the cylinder 3 from the liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle 10 when
The liquid fossil fuel K vaporized by the air heated to a high temperature by the compression ignites and explodes, and the temperature inside the cylinder 3 rises to 1500 ° C. or more by the combustion heat, and the piston 3 descends due to the expansion pressure of the combustion gas generated at the same time. start. Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, immediately after the descent starts (5 to 7 mm from the top dead center), the emulsion fuel E is ejected from the emulsion fuel injection nozzle 11 to the center point where the temperature reaches the highest. Then, the emulsion fuel E vaporized by the high heat in the cylinder 2 ignites and explodes and burns, and the high-temperature combustion gas generated at that time expands in the cylinder 2 and lowers the piston 3 more strongly.

That is, according to the present invention, when the piston 3 reaches the top dead center (immediately after the end of compression), first, as in the conventional case, the liquid fossil fuel K is injected into the cylinder 2 to burn and explode it. 2 is raised to about 1500 ° C. or more, that is, the ignition temperature of the emulsion fuel E,
Immediately after the piston 3 starts to descend due to the explosion, the emulsion fuel E is injected into the high temperature cylinder 2 to cause high temperature gasification combustion and explosion, thereby generating a large expansion energy by high combustion heat. Things. At the moment of the explosion, the center (nucleus) is in an ultra-vacuum state, so when an emulsion fuel is injected into the center, a strong energy is generated by the tension of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms and the repulsive energy. The output will be improved. Further, by this action, a large output is obtained and NOx and dust in exhaust gas are significantly reduced as compared with the case where a supercharger such as a turbocharger is used. In addition, the emulsion fuel containing a large amount of water is injected into the center of the cylinder immediately after the temperature inside the cylinder becomes high (over 1500 ° C.) due to the explosive combustion of the conventional liquid fossil fuel, so that the water in the emulsion fuel is instantaneous. Since gasification expansion combustion occurs, no water remains in the engine, and there is no adverse effect such as engine corrosion. Therefore, even if the supply amount of the conventional liquid fossil fuel for initial explosion combustion is reduced (１ ／), continuous operation is possible and the output is improved.

Thereafter, the combustion of the emulsion fuel E ends when the piston 3 reaches the bottom dead center, and the cylinder 2 is filled with the combustion exhaust gas G as shown in FIG. After that, this flue gas G
Is exhausted from the exhaust port 7 with the rise of the piston 3 as shown in FIG. 2 (E) (FIG. 2 (F)).

Then, through the state shown in FIG.
By returning to the state shown in (A), the reciprocating operation of the piston 3 is repeated. In addition, this piston 3
Is transmitted to a crankshaft (not shown) via a piston rod 4 and is converted into a rotational motion. Then, power for driving camshafts and cams of valves 8 and 9 and fuel injection pumps 20 and 24 is transmitted. Needless to say, it is used as a power source and a power source for moving a vehicle body, a hull and the like.

As described above, the present invention makes it possible to effectively burn and explode the emulsion fuel E together with the liquid fossil fuel K, so that the emulsion fuel which is excellent in thermal efficiency and generates clean exhaust gas can be used as a fuel for a diesel engine. Can be used effectively. Further, since the main purpose of the combustion explosion of the liquid fossil fuel K in the method of the present invention is to raise the temperature in the cylinder 2 to the ignition temperature of the emulsion fuel E, the supply amount is larger than in the past. Since the amount can be reduced, the content of pollutants in the generated exhaust gas can be extremely reduced.

[0024]

In summary, according to the present invention, a clean and inexpensive emulsion fuel developed by the present inventors can be used as a fuel for a diesel engine.
It contributes to environmental protection, improves economical efficiency, and exhibits excellent effects such as an increase in engine output.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a diesel engine for implementing a method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a four-cycle process diagram showing one embodiment of the method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cylinder block 2 Cylinder 3 Piston 5 Cylinder head 10 Injection nozzle for liquid fossil fuel 11 Injection nozzle for emulsion fuel 12 Liquid fossil fuel supply means 13 Emulsion fuel supply means K Liquid fossil fuel (light oil, heavy oil, etc.) E Emulsion fuel

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Makoto Minamidate 476 Shimomiyata, Hatsunecho, Miura City, Kanagawa Prefecture

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle for atomizing a liquid fossil fuel such as light oil into a cylinder head of a diesel engine and injecting it into a cylinder, and a surfactant, a liquid fossil fuel and water as main components. An emulsion fuel injection nozzle for atomizing the emulsion fuel and injecting it into the cylinder is provided, and when the piston reaches the top dead center, the liquid fossil fuel is injected from the liquid fossil fuel injection nozzle and burned,
A fuel supply method for a diesel engine, wherein an emulsion fuel is injected from the emulsion fuel injection nozzle and burned at the moment when the piston starts to descend due to the reaction.