JPH1016123A - Plate-shaped body or molded body and its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plate-shaped body or a molded body in which vegetable natural fibers having the strength of bonding with a resin superior to that of artificial fibers are used as an essential condition, provided with superior moisture permeability and high strength combinedly and also with remarkably improved form stability after molding. SOLUTION: A knit fabric of vegetable natural fibers such as flax fibers in which the difference between the rate of length change in the warp direction and the weft direction generated by water absorption of 2% or less are disposed at least on one surface and/or inside a fabric mat 2 of palm fibers mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as flax fibers or bamboo fibers, if necessary, and a cured resin is made to adhere to the knit fabric, and the fabric is compression molded. In place of the above-said knit fabric, a knit fabric composed of vegetable natural fibers such as flax fibers of shrinkable factor generated by water absorption of 3% or less or a sheet-shaped material composed of a non-woven fabric, or thin pieces of bamboo or the like can be used.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plate-like body similar to a wood fiberboard and a molded body obtained by molding the same into a predetermined shape, and in particular, exhibits excellent performance in both moisture permeability and strength. The present invention relates to a plate-like body or a molded body having good shape stability afterwards.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a fiber-based heat insulating layer such as glass wool is formed in a wall of a wooden house, a ventilation layer is formed between the outer wall and the heat insulating layer in order to allow water vapor in the room to escape outside. Thus, the water vapor in the room that has passed through the heat insulating layer diffuses from under the eaves to the outside through the ventilation layer. In that case, a windproof layer that separates the ventilation layer and the heat insulating layer is required. The windproof layer has a function of retaining the heat insulating layer, but must have excellent moisture permeability so that water vapor can be smoothly transmitted to the ventilation layer.

[0003] Conventionally, as a material for forming the windproof layer,
For example, polyethylene non-woven fabric has been used, but if glass wool or the like is used for the heat-insulating layer, the non-woven fabric swells and deforms due to the expansion force of the heat-insulating layer, narrowing and sometimes closing the ventilation layer. This is particularly likely to occur when a large amount of glass wool or the like is packed in a cold region (refer to JASS24 heat insulation work (edited by the Architectural Institute of Japan)). Therefore, among the fiberboards, a sheathing board, which is a kind of a soft fiberboard having relatively small density and air permeability, is applied to the outside of the heat insulating layer, and the end side thereof is a structure such as a pillar, a stud, a beam, a girder or a brace. By fixing to a material, a windproof layer having a certain strength is formed.

[0004]

However, even though the above-mentioned conventional sizing board can withstand the expansion force of the heat insulating layer,
It does not have enough strength to function as a structural face material itself. Therefore, the strength of the structural portion around the seasing board had to rely exclusively on the above-mentioned structural material other than the seasing board.

[0005] The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and the first problem is to use vegetable natural fibers which have a higher bond strength with resin than artificial fibers. Among them, coconut fibers in which large gaps are formed between thick fibers are collected, and the fibers are securely fixed to each other with a resin, and have appropriate tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus in the warp direction. By knitting and weaving made of vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers, whose length change due to water absorption in the weft direction is almost uniform, it is integrated with resin and reinforced to provide excellent moisture permeability and high strength. It is an object of the present invention to provide a plate-like body or a molded body having significantly improved shape stability. In addition, the manufacturing method is also proposed.

A second object of the present invention is to use a vegetable natural fiber which has a higher bonding strength to a resin than an artificial fiber, in which palms having large gaps formed between thick fibers. Plants such as hemp fibers and the like, which collect fibers and securely fix the fibers to each other with resin, have appropriate tensile strength and tensile elasticity, have a small shrinkage due to water absorption, and / or have a thickness less than the limit thickness. Integrate and reinforce a sheet made of flakes such as knitted woven fabric, nonwoven fabric or bamboo made of water-soluble natural fiber with resin to combine excellent moisture permeability and high strength, significantly improving shape stability after molding. It is an object of the present invention to provide a finished plate-like body or molded body. In addition, the manufacturing method is also proposed.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above first problem, and found that hemp fibers having a difference in length change rate of 2% or less due to water absorption in the warp and weft directions. It has been found that by arranging a knitted woven fabric composed of vegetable natural fibers such as those described above, the shape stability after molding is improved, and the following invention has been achieved. That is, the present invention, if necessary, at least one surface and / or inside a fiber mat made of palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber,
The difference in length change rate due to water absorption in the warp and weft directions is 2
% Of a knitted or woven fabric made of vegetable natural fiber such as hemp fiber or the like, a curable resin is adhered to the knitted fabric, and compression molding is performed.

Further, the present invention relates to the above-mentioned plate-like body or molded article using a knitted fabric made of hemp fiber as the knitted fabric.

Further, the present invention relates to the above-mentioned plate-like body or molded article using oil palm fiber as palm fiber.

Further, the present invention further comprises a fiber mat formed by mixing planted natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber with the defibrated palm fiber, if necessary, and at least one surface and / or interior of the fiber mat. A knitted fabric made of vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers having a difference in the rate of change in length between the warp direction and the weft direction due to water absorption of 2% or less is arranged, a curable resin is adhered to these, and compression molding is performed. And a method for producing a plate-like body or a molded body.

Next, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned second problem, and have found that the shrinkage ratio due to water absorption is 3% or less and / or the plant material such as hemp fiber having a thickness of 1.5 mm or less. It has been found that the arrangement of a sheet made of a flake such as a knitted woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or a bamboo made of a natural fiber improves the shape stability after molding, and has reached the following invention.
That is, the present invention provides, as required, at least one surface and / or interior of a fiber mat made of palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber, such as hemp fiber having a shrinkage ratio of 3% or less due to water absorption. Knitted and woven fabrics made of vegetable natural fibers,
Nonwoven fabric, or place a sheet of thin pieces such as bamboo,
The present invention relates to a plate-like body or a molded body obtained by attaching a curable resin thereto and compression-molding them.

The present invention further provides a fiber mat made of a palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber, if necessary, on at least one surface and / or inside the fiber mat having a thickness of 1.5 mm or less. A sheet-like body or a molded body obtained by arranging a sheet-like material made of flakes such as a knitted woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, or a bamboo made of vegetable natural fibers, attaching a curable resin thereto, and compression-molding the sheet-like material. .

Further, the present invention has a shrinkage rate of 3% due to water absorption.
Or less, and / or a sheet-like material made of flakes such as bamboo or the like made of a knitted or woven fabric made of vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers having a thickness of 1.5 mm or less, has a basis weight of 10 g / m ^{2 to} 450 g / m ^2.
The present invention relates to the above plate-like body or molded body.

Further, the present invention relates to the above-mentioned plate-like body or molded article using oil palm fiber as palm fiber.

Further, according to the present invention, the shrinkage due to water absorption is 3%.
And / or a knitted fabric made of vegetable natural fiber having a thickness of 1.5 mm or less has a basis weight of 10 g / m ^{2 to} 450 g / m ^2.
The present invention relates to the above plate-like body or molded body, which is a knitted fabric made of hemp fiber.

Further, the present invention further provides a fiber mat by mixing planted natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber with defibrated palm fiber, if necessary, and at least one surface of the fiber mat and / or A sheet material made of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a thin piece of bamboo or the like made of vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers having a shrinkage ratio of 3% or less and / or a thickness of 1.5 mm or less is placed inside, The present invention relates to a method for producing a plate-like body or a molded body, in which a curable resin is adhered to these and compression-molded.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

<First Embodiment> A plate-like body or a molded body according to a first embodiment of the present invention has at least one surface of a fiber mat made of palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber as necessary. And / or a knitted fabric made of vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers having a difference in the rate of change in length between the warp direction and the weft direction due to water absorption of 2% or less, and a curable resin adhered thereto. , Obtained by compression molding. This plate-like or molded body has both excellent moisture permeability and high strength,
The plate-like body or the molded body after the molding has less warpage and shows good shape stability.

The coconut fibers used in the present invention are coconut palm,
Oil palms, sago palms, date palms, sardines, nippa palms, sugar palms, pea palms, palms, palms,
Fibrous bark collected from palm plants such as clogs,
Fibers such as petiole base fiber and mesocarp fiber, including fibers obtained by defibrating empty fruit clusters of oil palm. In addition, a mixture of a plurality of types of palm fibers is also included.

Since coconut fibers have a diameter as large as about 100 to 600 μm, when a fiber mat is used, a gap having a size of, for example, about 100 μm to 5 mm, preferably about 200 μm to 3 mm depends on the fiber packing density. Is formed. Therefore, the moisture permeability of the fiber mat is extremely good.

The size and density of the gaps between the fibers of the obtained plate-like body or molded article are determined by the amount of the resin when the curable resin is adhered to the fiber mat and the degree of compression during the molding. Various changes can be made. This makes it possible to control the moisture permeability of the plate or the molded body. For example, a gap of 1 to 100 μm
By setting the thickness to about m, usually about 5 to 50 μm, it is possible to produce a good plate-like body or molded body having air permeability but not allowing rain to pass.

Furthermore, the coconut fiber has a diameter of about 100 to 6
It is as thick as 00 μm, as long as about 5 to 30 cm, bent, and has a large entanglement between the fibers, so that the plate-like body or the molded body is excellent in holding force of the nail when nailed.

It is preferable to use oil palm fiber as the palm fiber. This oil palm fiber is obtained by defibrating empty fruit clusters of oil palm. Oil palm fiber requires less labor for defibration and the like than other types of palm fiber, so that the energy required for production can be reduced and the cost can be reduced. For example, coconut fibers require a large amount of energy for a long period of time to be immersed in water for a long period of time to soften the coconut shell and then mechanically defibrated into a fibrous state.
On the other hand, in the case of oil palm, since the empty fruit clusters which are originally fibrous and aggregated are defibrated, there is no need for immersion in water, and very little energy is required for defibration. In addition, oil palm fiber is preferable because it has less dusting property than coco fiber and can avoid deterioration of working environment in handling.

The oil palm fiber is optionally washed before and after defibration to remove oil and odor. The oil palm fiber alone has a high rigidity and a cross-sectional diameter of 100 to 6
It is about 00 μm and its hair foot, that is, the length is about 5
It is about 30 cm, and by defibrating the fiber, a high degree of entanglement can be expected. Moreover, oil palm oil can be exploited from the oil palm fruit, but the empty fruit bunch remaining after harvesting this fruit has no specific use at present and is usually destined to be discarded, so it is low cost. It has the advantage of being available.

Further, this fiber mat may be mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber, if necessary. Here, vegetable natural fibers include hemp fibers that are hemp fibrillated fibers, bamboo fibers that are fibrillated young bamboos, sugarcane fibers, hechima fibers, pineapple fibers, banana fibers, koulyan fibers, fibers obtained from Inawara, and wood fibers. There is no particular limitation as long as it is a fiber obtained from a natural plant. These are also
They may be mixed alone, or two or more kinds may be mixed simultaneously.

When vegetable fiber such as hemp fiber or bamboo fiber is mixed with the fiber mat, the diameter of the palm fiber is about 1
Since the diameter of hemp fiber is about 5 to 30 μm and the diameter of bamboo fiber is about 10 to 200 μm, the natural vegetable fiber such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber crosses the palm fiber. It is considered that the fibers are entangled with each other to increase the bonding strength between the palm fibers.

In order to form a fiber mat, the peel strength is increased by entanglement of the coconut fiber into a nonwoven fabric or a three-dimensional network structure by a needle punch or the like, and the fiber is further pressed by a press or a hot press as necessary. Make the mat denser. The thickness of the fiber mat is usually 5 mm to 2 mm.
It is said that it is easy to use when the thickness is about 0 mm, but it is needless to say that the fiber mat is not limited to this and may be set arbitrarily according to the application.
g / m ² ~5kg / m ² can be mentioned. Also, a plurality of sheets may be used.

The knitted fabric includes, for example, a cloth formed by knitting hemp yarn obtained by fibrillating hemp fibers and twisting hemp yarns vertically and horizontally, and thus includes a jute cloth which is a cloth formed of jute. Such a knitted fabric has air permeability and is excellent in moisture permeability. Vegetable natural fibers used in knitted fabrics are
A mixture of plural types of vegetable natural fibers may be used, and two or more types of knitted and woven fabrics may be used.

In the plate-like body or the molded article of the present invention, the fiber mat and the knitted fabric are both vegetable natural fibers and have larger irregularities on the surface than artificial fibers or the like. It has the advantage of high entanglement strength and excellent bonding strength with the curable resin due to the so-called anchor effect (the adhesive penetrates into the voids on the surface of the adherend and solidifies and acts like a nail or wedge). doing.

Since the knitted fabric of the present invention is knitted or woven with hemp fiber or bamboo fiber or the like having high tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus, the knitted fabric itself exhibits excellent tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus.

Since the knitted fabric is strongly bonded to the fiber mat via the curable resin, the strength of the plate-like body or the molded body is increased. That is, when the knitted fabric is disposed on the surface of the fiber mat, particularly on both surfaces, a so-called sandwich structure (a structure in which the upper and lower portions of the main structure are reinforced with a material having higher strength or rigidity than the main structure) is formed, and a plate-like body or a molded body is formed. The bending strength and the flexural modulus of the rubber are increased. On the other hand, when the knitted fabric is placed inside the fiber mat, the tensile strength and tensile modulus, the shear strength and the shear modulus, and the in-plane compressive strength and the in-plane compressive modulus of the plate-like or molded body are high. Become. This in-plane compressive strength means the strength when receiving a compressive force in a plane stress state. Furthermore, since the knitted fabric has little dimensional change during water absorption and moisture absorption, when placed on the surface or inside of the fiber mat, the dimensional change during water absorption and moisture absorption of the plate-like body or molded product becomes small, and the water absorption and moisture absorption The decrease in strength is small.

Further, the difference in the rate of change in length between the warp direction and the weft direction of the knitted fabric due to water absorption is preferably 2% or less,
More preferably, it is 1.5% or less. If the difference in the rate of change in length between the warp direction and the weft direction due to water absorption exceeds 2%, deformation of the molded body itself will be caused by deformation due to water absorption and moisture absorption during and after molding, resulting in good shape retention. Because it does not become.

Here, the warp and the weft refer to yarns which are woven perpendicularly to each other in the knitted fabric, the warp direction refers to a direction parallel to the warp, and the weft direction refers to a direction parallel to the weft. .

In the present invention, the rate of change in length due to water absorption refers to the change in length in the warp and weft directions when a knitted woven fabric left in a certain environment is immersed in water. It is expressed as a ratio to the length before immersion.
Further, the difference in the length change rate means a difference generated between the absolute values of the length change rates in the warp direction and the weft direction.

In the present invention, particularly, a knitted fabric using hemp fiber is preferable. Here, the hemp includes those that take the skin fibers such as hemp (burlap), cannabis, flax, mao, and ambarysa, and those that take the tissue fibers such as manila, sisal, New Zealand and Mauricia. Hemp fibers refer to fibers obtained from these hemp. Since hemp (burlap) fiber is called jute, hemp fiber here includes jute.

Examples of hemp knitted and woven structures include plain weave,
It is preferable to select from twill weave, satin weave, nanako weave (including regular and irregular), and among them, plain weave and twill weave are particularly preferred. The knitting structure is selected from flat knitting, rubber knitting and the like.
The driving density is selected according to the combination of the weave structure and the yarn count.

When it is necessary to further improve the water resistance of the knitted fabric, silicon or the like may be applied to the surface of the knitted fabric. Further, a flame retardant, a coloring agent, a preservative, a termiticide, a fungicide and the like may be applied as required.

As an example of the curable resin of the present invention, examples of the thermosetting resin include a phenol resin, an amino resin, and a diallyl phthalate resin (DAP resin).
Phenolic resins include novolak resins (acid catalyst, excess phenol), resole resins (basic catalyst, excess formaldehyde), phenol-melamine copolymer resin, phenol-urea copolymer resin, phenol-melamine-urea copolymer resin, alkylphenol There are denatured phenol resins such as denatured phenol resins and rubber denatured phenol resins, and amino resins include urea resins (urea resins), melamine resins, urea-melamine copolymer resins, benzoguanamine resins, and acetoguanamine resins. Next, as the reaction curable resin (room temperature curable resin), furan resin,
Examples include alkyd resins, unsaturated polyester resins, urethane resins, epoxy resins, modified (modified) silicone resins, and silicone resins. Further, as a sizing agent or a binder for the fiber mat, these curable resins are preferable in terms of dimensional accuracy, durability, strength, and the like. However,
Acrylic, styrene, etc. thermoplastic resin with binder effect (especially aqueous dispersion)
Also, natural or synthetic rubber latex such as SBR can be partially used, and the curable resin of the present invention is a concept including these.

Of the above curable resins, thermosetting resins are preferred from the viewpoint of curing time and productivity, and among them, phenol resins and amino resins are preferred.

The amount of the curable resin to be used cannot be specified unconditionally because it varies depending on the physical properties required for the plate-like body.
%, Preferably 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1% by weight.
0 to 30% by weight is exemplified. Further, the strength of the plate-like body can be changed by changing the amount of the curable resin used for the knitted fabric. That is, as the amount of the curable resin used in the knitted fabric increases, the strength of the plate-like body can be increased. For example, the amount of the curable resin used in the knitted fabric is 5 to 500% by weight, preferably 5 to 150% by weight. When the amount of the curable resin used is less than 5% by weight, the laminating effect of the knitted fabric is hardly exhibited, and when the amount exceeds 500% by weight, the effect of increasing the amount is hardly obtained.

The curable resin of the present invention may contain, if necessary, a plasticizer, a filler, a reinforcing agent, an anti-sagging agent, a coloring agent, an antioxidant, an adhesion promoter, a curing catalyst, a physical property modifier and the like. obtain. In addition, konjac, flour, starch, etc. can be added as an adhesion promoter.

The method for attaching the curable resin is not particularly limited. Since large gaps are formed between the fibers in the fiber mat of palm fibers, when the curable resin is supplied by spraying or dipping, the curable resin adheres evenly to all the fibers via the gaps, thereby forming a plate-like shape. The strength distribution of the body or the formed body becomes uniform.

The thickness of the plate of the present invention is 3 mm to 25 m.
m is preferable, and 9 mm to 20 mm is more preferable. If the thickness of the plate-like body is less than 3 mm, sufficient bending rigidity cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 25 mm, the wall thickness is considered to be large in use, which is not practical.
Density of the plate-like body 1 is preferably ^{0.2g / cm 3 ~1g / cm 3} , preferably further ^{0.3g / cm 3 ~0.7g / cm 3} , and most preferably, 0.35g / cm ³ ~0 0.6g
/ Cm ³ . The basis weight of the plate-shaped body is, for example, when the thickness of the plate-shaped body is 9 mm, the density is 0.2 g / cm ³ and the basis weight is 1.8 kg / m ² , and when the density is 1 g / cm ³ , the basis weight is It becomes 9 kg / m ² . When the density is less than 0.2 g / cm ³ , the strength of the plate is not sufficient. When the density is more than 1 g / cm ³ , the moisture permeability is reduced, and the weight of the plate or the molded body becomes too heavy for handling. Is worse.

FIG. 1 shows an example of the plate-like body 1 included in the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the plate-like body 1 has yarns made of hemp fibers woven vertically and horizontally on both surfaces of a fiber mat 2 made of palm fibers mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers and bamboo fibers. The hemp cloths 4 are arranged as knitted fabrics, respectively, and a curable resin is adhered to them and formed by compression molding.

In the method of manufacturing the plate-like body 1, first, coconut fibers and, if necessary, hemp fibers are defibrated to obtain fibers having a unit cross-sectional diameter of about 5 to 600 μm and a length of about 5 to 30 cm. . Moreover, the defibrated palm fiber includes a fiber having a larger cross-sectional diameter and a fiber having a shorter cross section, but can be used as it is. At this time, the coconut fiber has a natural length of 5 to 30 cm.
It is not necessary to process particularly because it is about the same degree, but hemp fiber has a considerably long natural length, and is cut into appropriate set dimensions for use. Next, the fibrous mat 2 is formed by mixing the fibrillated palm fiber with the fibrous natural fiber such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber, if necessary. The mechanism used in this process is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
.. Are provided in series in the belt traveling direction, and spray guns 13 are respectively arranged so as to be directed to the vicinity of the outlet of each hopper 12, and are opposed to the belt conveyor 11 downstream of the hoppers 12. And a heating and pressing roller 14 is provided. Each hopper 12 is filled with mixed fibers obtained by mixing palm fibers, hemp fibers, bamboo fibers, and the like at an appropriate ratio, and the curable resin is supplied to the spray guns 13, 13,. Simultaneously with the operation of the belt conveyor 11, the mixed fibers are dropped and supplied from each hopper 12 onto the belt conveyor 11, and the curable resin is jetted and supplied from the spray guns 13 toward the mixed fibers, so that the mixed fibers are supplied onto the belt conveyor 11. A lowermost first layer is formed by the mixed fibers from the first hopper 12, a second layer is formed thereon by the mixed fibers from the second hopper 12, and a fiber layer is sequentially formed thereon. After that, the fiber mat 2 is formed by press-molding with a thermocompression roller 14. Of course, when fibers are not mixed, only coconut fibers may be supplied to all the hoppers 12, and the hopper 12 and the spray gun 13 may be set to one.
It may be one. The spray gun 13 is connected to the hopper 12
May be arranged on the downstream side. Also, by changing the characteristics (mixing ratio, fiber thickness, fiber length) of the fibers supplied to the first, second... Plural hoppers 12, 12,. Can be changed. In particular, in the case where thick palm fibers are arranged in the center of the fiber mat 2 and thin palm fibers are arranged on both surfaces, the contact density of the fibers on the surface side of the fiber mat 2 is increased, so that a plate-like body to be molded from this is obtained. 1 is good.

Next, hemp cloths 4 and 4 are arranged on both sides of the fiber mat 2, a curable resin is adhered to these, and hot compression molding is performed. The mechanism used in this process is also shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 5, while heavily pulling the fiber mat 2, the hemp cloths 4 and 4 are continuously supplied from above and below the fiber mat 2, and the spray guns 13 are respectively arranged at the merging portions. They are installed facing each other. The curable resin is supplied under pressure to the spray guns 13, 13,.... Then, simultaneously with the operation of the belt conveyor 15, the curable resin is jetted and supplied from each spray gun 13, and thereafter, the plate-like body 1 is continuously formed by heating and pressing with the thermocompression rollers 15, 15.

In addition to the continuous molding method, there is also a method of molding one sheet at a time. In such a case, a curable resin is adhered to the fiber mat 2 to form a mold, and hemp cloths 4 and 4 are attached to the fiber mat 2 via the curable resin, and are subjected to thermocompression molding by a hot press or the like.

The plate 1 may be formed one by one as follows. The curable resin is added to the vegetable natural fiber and stirred so that the curable resin adheres almost uniformly to the entire surface of the fiber.

Next, a hemp cloth 4 coated with a curable resin is laid on the bottom of a mold (not shown), the above fibers are filled from above, and finally the hemp cloth 4 is laid. This is molded with a predetermined thickness and a predetermined density by a hot press or the like to obtain the plate-like body 1.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the defibrated vegetable natural fibers are directly filled in the form when forming the fiber mat 2 has been described. May be impregnated with a curable resin, and this may be laminated in multiple layers and molded. Thereby, a large physical strength can be obtained without impairing the moisture permeability.

Although the curable resin is attached to the fibers by spraying with a spray gun 13 or the like, the fibers may be attached by dipping the fibers in the curable resin.

The curable resin is used as a sizing agent or binder for the fiber mat 2, imparts strength to the hemp cloth itself, a binder between the hemp cloth 4 and the fiber mat 2, and furthermore, the entire plate-like body. Acts as a binder or a component for imparting strength.

Therefore, in the plate-like body 1 of FIG. 1, the fiber mat 2 is a palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber, and the hemp cloth 4 is formed of hemp fiber. Since the unevenness of the surface is larger than that of the artificial fiber or the like, the entanglement strength between the fibers is higher than that of the artificial fiber, and the bonding strength with the curable resin due to the so-called anchor effect is excellent. Moreover, the diameter of the palm fiber is about 100-600 μm
In contrast, for example, hemp fiber has a diameter of about 5 to 30 μm.
Since it is thin, vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers are entangled at the intersections of palm fibers and the like, and the bonding strength between palm fibers is increased. Further, bamboo fiber or the like has a flat shape and rigidity, so that mixing with palm fiber has the meaning of improving strength and the like. In addition, since the hemp cloth 4 having a difference in length change rate of 2% or less due to water absorption between the warp direction and the weft direction is used for the surface layer, the shape change such as warpage and twist of the plate-like body 1 is small. Therefore, if a windbreak layer is formed by this plate-like body 1,
Of course, the heat insulating layer can be stably held by the high strength, and the plate-like body 1 can reinforce the structural portion around the windbreak layer.

The palm fiber has a diameter of about 100 to 60.
Since it is as thick as 0 μm, when the fiber mat 2 is used, for example, 100 μm to 5 m
Since a gap having a size of about m is formed, the moisture permeability of the fiber mat 2 is extremely good. The hemp cloth 4 also has excellent breathability because the stitches have air permeability. Therefore, the plate-like body 1 of the present invention obtained from these materials has various strengths and moisture permeability depending on the amount of the curable resin, the amount of the fiber mat 2 and the amount of the hemp cloth 4 used, and the compression ratio at the time of compression molding. You can get things. Therefore, this plate-like body 1 functions as an excellent windproof layer.

In the above embodiment, the fiber mat 2 is made by mixing vegetable fiber such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber with palm fiber as necessary. May be.

Since the hemp cloth 4 is made of hemp fiber or the like having a moderately high tensile strength and tensile elasticity, the cloth itself exhibits excellent tensile strength and tensile elasticity. Since the hemp cloth 4 is strongly bonded to the fiber mat 2 via the curable resin, the strength of the plate-like body 1 is increased. That is,
When hemp cloth 4 is arranged on both sides of fiber mat 2,
It becomes a so-called sandwich structure, and the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus of the plate-like body 1 increase. Further, the hemp cloth 4 has a small dimensional change upon water absorption and moisture absorption.
When it is arranged on both sides of the plate, the dimensional change at the time of water absorption and moisture absorption of the plate-like body or the molded body and the decrease in strength at the time of water absorption and moisture absorption are small, which is preferable. In addition, since the difference in the rate of change in length between the warp direction and the weft direction due to water absorption is 2% or less, there is no deformation such as warping or twisting after molding, and good shape retention. Therefore, the plate-like body 1 functions as a structural surface material, and can reinforce the structural portion around the windbreak layer.

Although the knitted fabric 4 is arranged on both surfaces of the fiber mat 2, the present invention relates to a case where the knitted fabric 4 is arranged only on one surface of the fiber mat 2, and the knitted fabric 4 is placed inside the fiber mat 2. The arrangement includes the arrangement, and the arrangement of the knitted fabric 4 on both surfaces or one surface of the fiber mat 2 and the inside thereof.

FIG. 4 shows a plate-like body 1 included in the first embodiment.
This plate-like body 1 has a fiber mat 2
And the knitted fabric 4 arranged inside the fiber mat 2 and the knitted fabric 4 arranged on both surfaces of the fiber mat 2, respectively, and are formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness.

In this case, the knitted fabric 4 is arranged inside the fiber mat 2. However, the knitted fabric 4 is made into a plurality of sheets, and the knitted fabric 4 and the coconut fiber of the fiber mat 2 are alternately overlapped and arranged in a multilayer form. You may. When the knitted fabric 4 is disposed inside the fiber mat 2, if the treatment is performed by needle punching or the like in such a state, the fiber mat 2 and the fibers of the knitted fabric 4 are well entangled with each other and have a plate shape. The peel strength of the body or the molded body is increased, and the bending strength and the flexural modulus are improved.

When the knitted fabric 4 is disposed inside the fiber mat 2, the tensile strength and tensile modulus, shear strength and shear modulus, and in-plane compressive strength and in-plane compressive modulus of the plate-like body 1 are increased. Since the height is increased, the plate-like body 1 functions as a structural surface material, and can reinforce the structural portion around the windbreak layer.

Further, in the above example, only the plate-like body 1 having a rectangular shape in a front view and a constant thickness has been described, but a molded body formed into a desired shape by various shapes of molds during compression hardening molding may be used. In this case, the same operation and effect as those of the plate-like body 1 can be obtained.

<Second Embodiment> Next, a plate-like body or a molded body according to a second embodiment of the present invention may be made of
At least one surface and / or inside of a fiber mat made of palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fiber such as bamboo fiber, is a plant such as hemp fiber having a shrinkage ratio of 3% or less and / or a thickness of 1.5 mm or less due to water absorption. It is obtained by arranging a sheet-like material made of a flake such as a knitted woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, or a bamboo made of a natural fiber, adhering a curable resin to these, and compression-molding them. This plate-like body or molded article has both excellent moisture permeability and high strength, and shows good shape stability with little warpage of the plate-like body or molded article after molding.

The concept and characteristics of the palm fiber, the configuration and the manufacturing method of the fiber mat, and the like are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The knitted fabric includes, for example, a cloth formed by knitting hemp yarn obtained by fibrillating hemp fibers and twisting hemp yarns vertically and horizontally, and thus includes a jute cloth which is a cloth formed of jute. Non-woven fabrics are made of hemp fibers obtained by fibrillating hemp, dry-laid webs, hardened with an adhesive such as latex of natural rubber, dried and finished, and thin non-woven fabrics formed by wet papermaking. And paper formed by fibrillating wood fibers and forming by wet papermaking. In addition, the sheet-like material includes a material obtained by knitting a thin strip-like thin piece cut out of a bamboo material or the like vertically and horizontally (actually, it is close to a weave). These knitted and woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and sheet materials have air permeability and are excellent in moisture permeability. Vegetable natural fibers used for knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and sheets may be a mixture of a plurality of types of vegetable natural fibers, or two or more knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and sheet materials. Is also good.

In the plate-like or molded article of the present invention, the fiber mat, knitted woven fabric, non-woven fabric and sheet-like material are all vegetable natural fibers and have larger irregularities on the surface than artificial fibers. Compared with this, there is an advantage that the entanglement strength between the fibers is large and the bonding strength with the curable resin due to the so-called anchor effect is excellent.

Since the knitted fabric or sheet-like material is knitted or woven with hemp fiber or bamboo fiber having a high tensile strength and tensile elasticity, it exhibits excellent tensile strength and tensile elasticity. Further, the nonwoven fabric is inferior in strength to a knitted woven fabric such as hemp or a sheet-shaped material such as bamboo. Therefore, a knitted woven fabric or a sheet-shaped material is preferable, but has a function as a holding material for the curable resin. If necessary, synthetic fibers such as nylon, polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyester may be mixed with the natural fibers forming the nonwoven fabric.

Since the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric and sheet are strongly bonded to the fiber mat via the curable resin, the strength of the plate or the molded body is increased. That is,
When the knitted woven fabric, nonwoven fabric and sheet material are arranged on the surface of the fiber mat, particularly on both surfaces, a so-called sandwich structure is obtained, and the bending strength and flexural modulus of the plate-like body or molded body are increased. On the other hand, when the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric and sheet are placed inside the fiber mat, the tensile strength and tensile modulus, shear strength and shear modulus, and in-plane compressive strength and The inner compression modulus increases. Furthermore, since the knitted fabric or sheet-like material undergoes little dimensional change during water absorption and moisture absorption, when placed on the surface or inside of the fiber mat, the dimensional change during water absorption and moisture absorption of the plate-like or molded product becomes small, and water absorption occurs. In addition, a decrease in strength during moisture absorption is reduced.

The shrinkage ratio of the knitted woven fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet by water absorption is preferably 3% or less, more preferably 2.5% or less. If the shrinkage ratio due to water absorption exceeds 3%, deformation due to water absorption and moisture absorption during and after molding may cause
This is because deformation of the molded article itself is caused and shape retention is not improved.

The thickness of the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet is preferably 1.5 mm or less, more preferably 1.2 m or less.
m or less. If the thickness exceeds 1.5 mm, heat conduction in the heated and compressed state during molding becomes non-uniform, and the cured state of the curable resin becomes non-uniform, which is considered to be a cause of deformation after molding.

The basis weight of the knitted woven fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet is 10 g / m ^{2 to} 450 g / m ² for strength and moisture permeability.
It is preferable from the viewpoint of shape stability and the like. More preferably, 1
00 g / m ^{2 to} 400 g / m ² , more preferably 150 g
/ M ^{2 to} 350 g / m ² . If the basis weight is less than 10 g / m ² , the reinforcing effect such as the above-mentioned bending strength and compressive strength will be small. If the basis weight exceeds 450 g / m ² , the knitted woven fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet-like material will be deformed. This is because the plate-like body or the molded body is attracted to the sheet, and the warpage and twist after molding become large.

The concepts of the knitted fabric and hemp are the same as those in the first embodiment.

When it is necessary to further improve the water resistance of the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet-like material, silicon or the like may be applied to the surface of the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet-like material. Further, a flame retardant, a coloring agent, a preservative, a termiticide, a fungicide and the like may be applied as required.

The concept of the curable resin, the method of attaching the curable resin, and the preferable range of the thickness of the plate-like body are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Further, as an example of the plate-like body 1 included in the second embodiment, if necessary, both surfaces of a fiber mat 2 made of palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber, A hemp cloth 4 in which yarns made of hemp fibers are woven vertically and horizontally is arranged as a knitted fabric, a curable resin is adhered to these, and compression molding is performed. Its appearance is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 as an example of the first embodiment. The manufacturing method of the plate-like body 1 is the same as the manufacturing method described in the first embodiment except that the configuration of the knitted fabric and the like is different, and the points to be noted in the manufacturing method are the same as those in the first embodiment.

Accordingly, in the plate-like body 1, the fiber mat 2 is a palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber, and the hemp cloth 4 is formed of hemp fiber. Since the unevenness of the surface is larger than that of the artificial fiber, the entanglement strength between the fibers is higher than that of the artificial fiber, and the bonding strength with the curable resin due to the so-called anchor effect is excellent. Moreover, the diameter of the palm fiber is about 100-600 μm
In contrast, for example, hemp fiber has a diameter of about 5 to 30 μm.
Since it is thin, vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers are entangled at the intersections of palm fibers and the like, and the bonding strength between palm fibers is increased. Further, bamboo fiber or the like has a flat shape and rigidity, so that mixing with palm fiber has the meaning of improving strength and the like. The surface layer has a shrinkage rate of 3% or less due to water absorption, a thickness of 1.5 mm or less, and a basis weight of 10 g / m ^{2 to} 450 g /.
Since the hemp cloth of m ² is used, the shape change such as warpage and twist of the plate-like body 1 is small. Therefore, if the windproof layer is formed by the plate-like body 1, the heat-insulating layer can be stably held with high strength, and the plate-like body 1 can reinforce the structural portion around the windproof layer. .

The palm fiber has a diameter of about 100 to 60.
Since it is as thick as 0 μm, when the fiber mat 2 is used, for example, 100 μm to 5 m
Since a gap having a size of about m is formed, the moisture permeability of the fiber mat 2 is extremely good. The hemp cloth 4 also has excellent breathability because the stitches have air permeability. Therefore, the plate-like body 1 of the present invention obtained from these materials has various strengths and moisture permeability depending on the amount of the curable resin, the amount of the fiber mat 2 and the amount of the hemp cloth 4 used, and the compression ratio at the time of compression molding. You can get things. Therefore, this plate-like body 1 functions as an excellent windproof layer.

In the above embodiment, the fiber mat 2 is made by mixing vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber with the palm fiber as necessary. However, the fiber mat 2 is formed only by the palm fiber. May be.

Further, the hemp cloth 4 is knitted with hemp fibers or the like having a moderately high tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus, and therefore exhibits excellent tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus itself. Since the hemp cloth 4 is strongly bonded to the fiber mat 2 via the curable resin, the strength of the plate-like body 1 is increased. That is,
When hemp cloth 4 is arranged on both sides of fiber mat 2,
It becomes a so-called sandwich structure, and the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus of the plate-like body 1 increase. Further, the hemp cloth 4 has a small dimensional change upon water absorption and moisture absorption.
When it is arranged on both sides of the plate, the dimensional change at the time of water absorption and moisture absorption of the plate-like body or the molded body and the decrease in strength at the time of water absorption and moisture absorption are small, which is preferable. In addition, since the shrinkage ratio due to water absorption is 3% or less, the thickness is 1.5 mm or less, and the basis weight is 10 g / m ^{2 to} 450 g / m ² , there is no deformation such as warpage or twist after molding, and the shape retention is good. is there. Therefore, the plate-like body 1 functions as a structural surface material, and can reinforce the structural portion around the windbreak layer.

As another example of the plate-like body 1 included in the second embodiment, instead of the hemp cloth 4 used in the previous example, a thin strip-like thin piece cut out of a bamboo material or the like as shown in FIG. 5 is used. There is a sheet-like material 4 which is knitted (woven) vertically and horizontally to form a sheet. Also, a sheet material 4 having a surface property improved by laminating a surface material such as paper with a resin on the sheet material 4 is used, and these have very good tensile strength and tensile modulus. Having. This bamboo slice is 1 thick
It is desirable that the width is about 5 mm to about 30 cm, which is knitted and fixed to each other with an adhesive. You may use this with hemp cloth. This plate-like body 1 can also be manufactured by a manufacturing method similar to the manufacturing method shown in the first embodiment. Also,
The requirements and points to be noted regarding the curable resin are also the first
This is the same as in the embodiment.

The plate-like body 1 using the sheet-like material 4 can obtain the same operation and effects as those of the plate-like body 1 using the hemp cloth 4, but in particular, the strength of the bamboo is reduced. The plate-like body 1 having a large strength
Is obtained. In addition, various variations can be provided in terms of surface design, and the appearance is excellent. Furthermore, because it is rich in water repellency and decay resistance,
This is a preferred embodiment.

Although the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet material 4 is arranged on both surfaces of the fiber mat 2, the present invention arranges the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet material 4 on only one surface of the fiber mat 2. , A knitted woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or a sheet-like material 4 arranged inside the fiber mat 2, a knitted woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or a sheet-like material 4 arranged on both surfaces or one surface of the fiber mat 2 and the inside thereof. It is a thing.

As still another example of the plate-like body 1 included in the second embodiment, a fiber mat 2 and a fiber mat 2
Knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet-like material 4 arranged inside
Knitted fabrics respectively arranged on both surfaces of the fiber mat 2,
A non-woven fabric or a sheet-like material 4 formed in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness. Its appearance is the same as that shown in FIG. 4 as an example of the first embodiment.

In this case, the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet-like material 4 is arranged inside the fiber mat 2. The coconut fibers and the like of the fiber mat 2 may be alternately stacked and arranged in a multilayer shape. Further, when the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet-like material 4 is arranged inside the fiber mat 2, if a treatment such as needle punching is performed in such a state, the fiber mat 2 and the knitted fabric, nonwoven fabric or The fibers of the sheet-like material 4 are well entangled with each other, so that the peel strength of the plate-like body or the molded body is increased, and the bending strength and the bending elastic modulus are improved.

When the knitted woven fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet material 4 is arranged inside the fiber mat 2, the tensile strength and tensile modulus, shear strength and shear modulus, and in-plane compressive strength and Because the in-plane compression modulus increases,
The plate-like body 1 functions as a structural surface material, and can reinforce the structural portion around the windbreak layer.

Further, in the second embodiment, only the plate-like body 1 using only the knitted fabric 4 woven from the yarn obtained from the hemp fiber and the sheet-like material 4 obtained by knitting a thin piece cut out from bamboo material or the like are used. Although the plate-like body 1 has been exemplified, when a plurality of knitted or woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics or sheet-like materials 4 are used, these may be used in an appropriate combination.

Further, in the above example, only the plate-like body 1 having a rectangular shape in a front view and a constant thickness has been described, but a molded body formed into a desired shape by various shapes during compression-hardening molding may be used. In this case, the same operation and effect as those of the plate-like body 1 can be obtained.

[0086]

Next, examples of the first embodiment will be described together with comparative examples.

<Example 1> Using defibrated oil palm fibers, the fibers were entangled with each other by needle punching, and a phenol resin (emulsion type, solid content 50 wt. %, Viscosity 20-40
P) was sprayed by a spray method to prepare a fiber mat to which a phenol resin having a solid content of 10% based on the weight of oil palm fiber was adhered. Then, a urea resin (aqueous solution type, solid content: 65% by weight, viscosity: 1 to 10P) adjusted to a solid content of 41% is sprayed on the fiber mat having a basis weight of 1.52 kg / m ² by a spray method, and the weight of the fiber mat is reduced. 1 for solids
2% urea resin was deposited. Next, a melamine resin having a solid content concentration of 21% is applied to two jute cloths each having a 1.1% difference in length change rate due to water absorption in the warp direction and the weft direction so as to have a solid content of 15% based on the weight of the jute cloth. Was applied by a spray method. Then, after stacking jute cloth, two oil palm fiber mats and jute cloth in this order,
The plate was hot-pressed at 165 ° C. for 10 minutes with a press to obtain a plate having a thickness of 9.4 mm and a density of 0.45 g / cm ³ . The obtained plate was evaluated by the following evaluation items and methods. The warpage was based on a variation of the method for measuring the warpage rate according to JIS K 6911. Measurement of bending strength is based on JIS A
5906 Medium fiberboard measurement method. The water absorption length expansion was measured according to JIS A 5905 measuring method for soft fiberboard. The moisture permeability coefficient was measured in accordance with JIS Z0208, a moisture permeability test method for a moisture-proof packaging material. At this time, a moisture-permeable cup was added with aluminum tape so that the moisture permeability of a 9.4 mm plate could be measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

[0088]

[Table 1]

<Example 2> In the same manner as in Example 1, a fiber mat having a basis weight of 1.49 kg / m ² was used, and a urea resin having a solid content of 12% based on the weight of the fiber mat was adhered. Next, a urea resin was adhered so that the difference in length change ratio due to water absorption between the warp direction and the weft direction was 15% in solid content with respect to a 1.1% jute cloth to form a plate. Thickness 1
A plate having a size of 3.2 mm and a density of 0.32 g / cm ³ was obtained. The obtained plate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

<Comparative Example 1> In the same manner as in Example 1, using a fiber mat having a basis weight of 1.48 kg / m ² , a urea resin having a solid content of 13.5% based on the weight of the fiber mat was adhered.
A plate was formed without using a jute cloth. Thickness 1
A plate having a thickness of 1.6 mm and a density of 0.39 g / cm ³ was obtained. The obtained plate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, a fiber mat having a basis weight of 1.49 kg / m ² was used, and a urea resin having a solid content of 13.5% based on the weight of the fiber mat was adhered. Next, a urea resin was adhered to a jute cloth having a 2.9% difference in length change ratio due to water absorption in the warp direction in the warp direction to form a plate-like body. A plate having a thickness of 8.8 mm and a density of 0.52 g / cm ³ was obtained. The obtained plate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 3 A commercially available sheathing board Asadas D manufactured by Daiken Kogyo was evaluated for physical properties in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 1. The used sheathing board had a thickness of 11.5 mm and a density of 0.32 g / cm ³ .

As is clear from Table 1, Examples 1 and 2
By providing a jute cloth with a difference in the rate of change in length between the warp direction and the weft direction of water absorption of less than 2% on both sides of the fiber mat, the bending strength can be maintained without reducing the moisture permeability of the plate. It can be seen that the dimensional change when wet and the warpage after molding are reduced.

Next, examples of the second embodiment will be described together with comparative examples.

<Example 3> Using defibrated oil palm fibers, the fibers were entangled with each other by needle punching, and a phenol resin (emulsion type, solid content 50 wt. %, Viscosity 20-40
P) was sprayed by a spray method to prepare a mat on which a phenol resin having a solid content of 10% based on the weight of oil palm fiber was adhered. The oil palm fiber mat having a basis weight of 1.52 kg / m ^{2 was} sprayed with a urea resin (aqueous solution type, solid content: 65% by weight, viscosity: 1 to 10 P) adjusted to a solid weight of 41% by a spray method. A urea resin at 12% solids by weight was deposited. Next, a urea resin having a solid content of 21% was added to two jute cloths having a shrinkage ratio of 2.0%, a thickness of 1.1 mm, and a basis weight of 320 g / m ^{2 so} that the solid content was 15% based on the weight of the jute cloth. It was applied by a spray method. Then, jute cloth, 2
After stacking the sheets of oil palm fiber mat and jute cloth in this order, the sheet was heated and pressed by a press machine at 165 ° C. for 10 minutes to obtain a plate having a thickness of 9.4 mm and a density of 0.45 g / cm ^3. Was. The obtained plate was evaluated by the following evaluation items and methods. The warpage was based on a variation of the method for measuring the warpage rate according to JIS K 6911. Measurement of bending strength is based on JIS
A 5906 According to the measuring method of the medium fiberboard. The water absorption length expansion was measured according to JIS A 5905 measuring method for soft fiberboard. The moisture permeability coefficient was measured in accordance with JIS Z0208, a moisture permeability test method for a moisture-proof packaging material. At this time, a moisture-permeable cup was added with aluminum tape so that the moisture permeability of a 9.4 mm plate could be measured. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

[0096]

[Table 2]

<Example 4> In the same manner as in Example 3, using a fiber mat having a basis weight of 1.58 kg / m ² , a urea resin having a solid content of 12% based on the weight of the mat was adhered. Next, the shrinkage by water absorption is 2.0%, the thickness is 1.1 mm, and the basis weight is 320.
A urea resin was attached to a g / m ² jute cloth so as to have a solid content of 15% to form a plate. Thickness 1
A plate having a thickness of 1.1 mm and a density of 0.37 g / cm ³ was obtained. The obtained plate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 3, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

<Comparative Example 4> In the same manner as in Example 3, a fibrous mat having a basis weight of 1.48 kg / m ² was used. A plate-like body was formed without using the same. 11.6m thickness
m, a plate having a density of 0.39 g / cm ³ was obtained. The obtained plate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 3, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

Comparative Example 5 In the same manner as in Example 3, a fiber mat having a basis weight of 1.35 kg / m ² was used, and a urea resin having a solid content of 15% based on the weight of the mat was adhered. Next, the shrinkage due to water absorption is 3.5%, the thickness is 1.7 mm, and the basis weight is 500.
A urea resin was attached to a g / m ² jute cloth so as to have a solid content of 15% to form a plate. A plate having a thickness of 9.5 mm and a density of 0.39 g / cm ³ was obtained. The obtained plate was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 3, and the evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

<Comparative Example 6> A commercially available sheathing board Asadas D manufactured by Daiken Kogyo was evaluated for physical properties in the same manner as in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2. The used sheathing board had a thickness of 11.5 mm and a density of 0.32 g / cm ³ .

As is clear from Table 2, Examples 3 and 4
Then, the shrinkage rate due to water absorption is 3.0 on both sides of the palm fiber mat.
% And a thickness of 1.5 mm or less and a basis weight of 10 g / m ² to 4
It can be seen that the provision of the 50 g / m ² jute cloth increases the bending strength without lowering the moisture permeability of the plate-like body, and reduces the dimensional change during wet and the warpage after molding.

[0102]

As described above, according to the plate-like body or the molded body of the first aspect, the knitted woven fabric having a large gap formed between the thick palm fibers in the fiber mat and air permeability has excellent moisture permeability. Is obtained, and the knitted fabric is woven from hemp fiber or bamboo fiber having a moderately high tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus, so that the knitted fabric itself exhibits excellent tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus.
In addition, the vegetable natural fiber such as coconut fiber and the resin are strongly bonded to each other, and the fiber mat is reinforced by a knitted fabric having a high tensile strength and a high tensile elasticity.
Dimensional change and decrease in strength during moisture absorption are small. Further, by using a knitted fabric having a difference in length change ratio due to water absorption in the warp direction and the weft direction of 2% or less, the shape change after molding was remarkably improved. Therefore, if the windbreak layer is formed from this plate-like body or molded body, it is easy to construct, and it is possible to smoothly transmit the indoor water vapor through the ventilation layer and stably hold the heat insulation layer. The structural part around the windbreak layer can be reinforced by the plate-like body or the molded body.

According to claim 4, a manufacturing method suitable for the plate-like body or the molded body could be proposed.

Further, according to the plate-like body or the molded body of the fifth aspect, a large gap formed between the thick palm fibers in the fiber mat and a knitted woven fabric, nonwoven fabric or sheet-like material having air permeability, provide excellent moisture permeability. Is obtained, and the knitted woven fabric, non-woven fabric or sheet-like material is knitted or woven with hemp fiber or bamboo fiber having a moderately high tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus, so that itself has excellent tensile strength and tensile elasticity. Indicates the rate. Further, although the nonwoven fabric has a lower strength than a knitted fabric such as hemp or a sheet material such as bamboo, it has a function as a holding material for the curable resin, and thus contributes to an improvement in the strength of the plate-like body. In addition, vegetable fiber such as coconut fiber and resin are strongly bonded to each other, and the fiber mat is reinforced by a knitted fabric or sheet-like material having high tensile strength and tensile elastic modulus, so that high strength is obtained as a whole and water absorption is achieved. Also, the dimensional change and the decrease in strength during moisture absorption are small. Also, a knitted fabric having a shrinkage ratio of 3% or less and / or a thickness of 1.5 mm or less when absorbing water,
By using a nonwoven fabric or a sheet-like material, the shape change after molding was remarkably improved. Therefore, if the windbreak layer is formed from this plate-like body or molded body, it is easy to construct, and it is possible to smoothly transmit the indoor water vapor through the ventilation layer and stably hold the heat insulation layer. ,
The structural part around the windbreak layer can be reinforced by the plate-like body or the molded body.

According to the tenth aspect, a manufacturing method suitable for the plate-like body or the molded body could be proposed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a plate-shaped body according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing an example of a knitted fabric used for the plate-shaped body of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method for manufacturing the plate-shaped body of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the plate-shaped body of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a sheet-like material used for a plate-like body according to a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plate-like body 2 Fiber mat 4 Hemp cloth (knitted fabric), non-woven fabric, sheet-like material

Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification number Agency reference number FI Technical display location B32B 7/02 B32B 7/02 27/42 27/42

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A rate of change in length due to water absorption in a warp direction and a weft direction on at least one surface and / or inside of a fiber mat made of palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber as required. A plate-like body or a molded body obtained by arranging a knitted fabric composed of vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers having a difference of 2% or less, attaching a curable resin thereto, and compression molding. 2. The plate-like or molded article according to claim 1, wherein the knitted fabric is a knitted fabric made of hemp fiber. 3. The plate-like or molded article according to claim 1, wherein the palm fiber is an oil palm fiber. 4. The method for producing a plate-like body or a molded body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the defibrated palm fiber is made of a plant natural material such as hemp fiber or bamboo fiber, if necessary. Fibers are mixed to form a fiber mat, and on at least one surface and / or inside of the fiber mat, there is a plant material such as hemp fiber having a difference in length change rate of 2% or less due to water absorption in the warp direction and the weft direction. A method for producing a plate or molded article in which knitted and woven fabrics made of natural fibers are arranged, a curable resin is attached thereto, and compression molding is performed. 5. A shrinkage factor of 3% due to water absorption on at least one surface and / or inside of a fiber mat made of palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber as required.
A plate-like material obtained by arranging a sheet-like material made of flakes such as a knitted woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, or a bamboo made of vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and the like, attaching a curable resin to them, and compression molding. Body or molded body. 6. A vegetable mat such as hemp fiber having a thickness of 1.5 mm or less is provided on at least one surface and / or inside of a fiber mat made of palm fiber mixed with vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fiber and bamboo fiber as required. A plate-like body or a molded body obtained by arranging a sheet-like substance made of a flake such as a knitted woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a bamboo made of a natural fiber, attaching a curable resin thereto, and compression-molding the sheet. 7. A basis weight of a sheet made of a woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric, or a thin piece of bamboo or the like made of vegetable natural fibers such as hemp fibers having a shrinkage ratio of 3% or less and / or a thickness of 1.5 mm or less due to water absorption. 5. There is a 10g / m ² ~450g / m ²
Or the plate-like body or the molded body according to 6. 8. The plate-like or molded article according to claim 5, wherein the palm fiber is an oil palm fiber. 9. textiles made shrinkage due to water absorption is 3% or less and / or thickness from the vegetable natural fibers 1.5mm is, knitting the basis weight is made of hemp fibers of 10g / m ² ~450g / m ² The plate-like body or the molded body according to any one of claims 5 to 8, which is a woven fabric. 10. The method for producing a plate-like body or a molded body according to any one of claims 5 to 9, wherein the defibrated palm fiber is added to a plant natural material such as a hemp fiber or a bamboo fiber as required. Fibers are mixed to form a fiber mat, and at least one surface and / or interior of the fiber mat has a vegetable shrinkage factor of 3% or less and / or a thickness of 1.5 mm or less in plant fiber such as hemp fiber. A sheet-like material made of a thin piece of knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, bamboo, or the like, comprising a curable resin, adhered to these, and compression-molded to produce a plate-like body or a molded body.