JPH10160249A - Hot water device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize a compact hot water device with a high heat exchanger efficiency even at low amount of discharged water and an improved control response regarding an instantaneous heating type hot water device that is used, for example, for supplying hot water, heating, and washing a human body. SOLUTION: The hot water device has a projecting part 3 that is provided in one piece on each of both surfaces of a flat-plate-shaped heating means 2, a tank 4 for accommodating the flat-plate-shaped heating means 2 and the projecting part 3, and a water entrance port 5 and a hot water exit port 6 provided at the tank 4. Then, a zigzag channel 9 with the projecting part 3 as a partition is constituted between the inner surface of the tank 4 and the flat-plate-shaped heating means 2 and the water entrance port 5 and the hot water exit port 6 are connected via the zigzag channel 9, thus a heat transfer rate even at a low amount of discharged water can be increased, and the device can be operated under higher, load and reduced in size, and can be manufactured easily.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an instant heating type hot water apparatus for heating water supplied from a water supply source to a suitable temperature water of a predetermined temperature in a short time and using it for cleaning a local part of a human body. is there.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional hot water apparatus of this type, there has been generally one as shown in FIG.
No. 757).

A hot water apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 6 includes a metal heating tank 101 formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape and a synthetic resin hot water storage tube 102 formed in a hollow cylindrical shape. The heating tank 101 is housed in the hot water storage cylinder 102 so as to have a hot water storage section 102 a at an upper portion thereof, and an opening end side of the heating tank 101 is fitted to one opening of the hot water storage cylinder 102, and a peripheral edge of the opening end side of the heating tank 101 Through hole 10 opened in
The heating tank 101 and the hot water storage tank 102 are communicated via 3.

Subsequently, a hollow cylindrical ceramic heater 104 having an electric heating element formed by printing on the surface or between two layers of ceramic substrates is connected to a water supply line (not shown) and loosely fitted thereto. One opening of the cylinder 102 is closed by a flange of a ceramic heater 104, and the other opening of the hot water storage cylinder 102 is closed by using a box 107 having a float switch 105 and a vacuum switch 106. It is configured by closing the body 107 and the hot water storage cylinder 102 in a state where they are communicated with each other.
The hot water is supplied from the tapping pipe 108 fixed to 7.

A temperature sensor 109 for detecting the temperature of hot water heated by the ceramic heater 104 is mounted above the through hole 103 opened in the heating tank 101.

[0006] The instant heating type hot water device 100
The heating tank 1 passes through the inner peripheral surface of the ceramic heater 104.
The water flowing into the inside of the heater 01 is heated by the electric heating element of the ceramic heater 104, so that hot water of a constant temperature can be discharged for a long time.

[0007]

However, in the conventional instant-type water heater of the above-described construction, the smaller the diameter of the hollow cylindrical ceramic heater 104 becomes, the more difficult it becomes to manufacture, and the more the heat transfer area becomes. Since the size becomes small, there is a limit in the diameter dimension, and a heating tank 101 having a volume corresponding to the size of the ceramic heater 104 and a hot water storage portion in which water accumulates in a water passage portion such as a hot water storage cylinder 102 are formed.

[0008] For example, even if the hot water storage section is about 200 cc, for a low water discharge rate of 400 cc or less per minute, it takes a considerable time to raise the temperature and respond to the temperature control. There is a problem that it is difficult to change the set temperature instantaneously.

In addition, since the cross section of the flow path on the inner and outer circumferences of the ceramic heater 104 is large and the flow velocity thereat is small with respect to the low water discharge amount, there is a problem that heat transfer is deteriorated and the heat efficiency of the water heater is also deteriorated.

Further, a hollow cylindrical ceramic heater 1 is provided.
From the dimensions of 04, the volume of the heating tank 101 increases,
There was a problem that it was difficult to reduce the size of the device.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a projection provided on both sides of a flat heating means, a tank for housing the flat heating means and the projection,
It has a water inlet and a water outlet provided in the tank, and constitutes a meandering water channel having a projection as a partition wall between the inner surface of the tank and the flat heating means, and communicates the water inlet and the water outlet through the meandering water channel. It was done.

According to the above-mentioned invention, the flow velocity can be increased while the heat transfer area is secured, and the heat transfer coefficient can be increased, so that the load can be increased and the size can be reduced.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention has the following arrangement to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, as a first configuration,
Protrusions provided on both sides of the flat heating means, a tank for storing the flat heating means and the protruding parts, and a water inlet and a hot water outlet provided in the tank, and the inner surface of the tank and the A meandering channel having the projection as a partition wall is formed between the flat heating means, and the water inlet and the tap are communicated through the meandering channel.

By reducing the cross-sectional area of the meandering channel, the flow velocity can be increased and the heat transfer coefficient can be increased, so that the heat efficiency can be improved and the load can be increased even at a low water discharge, and the compactness can be achieved. Can be achieved.

In a second configuration, a ceramic heater in which a heating element that generates Joule heat by electric power is sandwiched between a pair of ceramic plates made of alumina or the like as a flat heating means is provided.

Further, since a ceramic heater made of an insulator and ceramic having a high thermal conductivity is provided as the flat heating means, a meandering channel in which water directly contacts the heater can be formed, and the temperature can be further increased. And responsiveness can be improved.

In a third configuration, a ceramic material such as alumina is used for the protruding portion, and glass is bonded to a flat heating means.

The projections, which are the partition walls of the meandering channel, are made of a ceramic material having good thermal conductivity, and the thermal efficiency is further increased by the fin effect. The fourth configuration is that a ceramic material such as alumina is used for the projections, It is one that is sintered integrally with a ceramic heater that is a state heating means.

Since the flat heating means and the projection are integrally sintered, the heat conduction of the bonding portion is good and the thermal efficiency is further improved.

As a fifth configuration, the projection and the flat heating means are bonded via a metallized layer.

Further, a metal material can be used for the protruding portion, and the productivity is good. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a water heater according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same. 1 to 3, a water heater 1 includes a ceramic heater 2 which is a plate-like heating means disposed substantially at the center, a plurality of protrusions 3 integrally provided on both surfaces of the ceramic heater 2, and a whole thereof. A tank 4 is provided so as to be wrapped around.

The tank 4 has a water inlet 5 and a water outlet 6 communicating with the inside at the end thereof. After the power supply line 7 of the ceramic heater 2 is fixed through the tank 4, the ceramic heater 2 and the projection 3 are connected. A housing is formed by housing and adhesively sealing at the joint surface 8, and a meandering water passage 9 having the protrusion 3 as a partition is formed between the inner surface of the tank 4 and the ceramic heater 2.

A heating element 10 mainly composed of tungsten is arranged inside the ceramic heater 2 and connected to the power supply line 7. A pair of ceramic plates 11 are integrated on both sides of the heating element 10 so as to surround the heating element 10. The ceramic heater 2 is constituted.

Further, the ceramic plate 11 and the projection 3
Are integrally formed by being molded before sintering and simultaneously sintered.

With the above configuration, the water that has flowed into the tank 4 from the water inlet 5 is divided into two sides of the ceramic heater 2 at the portion A in FIG. 2, passes through the meandering water passage 9 as indicated by the arrow, and merges at the portion B. Out of the tap 6.

When power is supplied from the power supply line 7 of the ceramic heater 2, the heat generated by the heating element 10 is transmitted to the water flowing through the meandering channel 9 via the ceramic plate 11 and the projection 3, and the water is supplied to the hot water device 1. , And flows out of the tap 6 continuously.

Since the wall of the meandering water channel 9 is a heat transfer surface, a large heat transfer area can be secured along the length of the flow passage, and the height H of the projection 3 and the interval W thereof (FIG. 2) Can be easily set to reduce the cross-sectional area of the meandering channel 9 to increase the flow velocity.

As a result, a sufficient heat transfer coefficient can be ensured even at a low water discharge amount, and high heat efficiency, high load, and compactness can be achieved.

Further, since there is no water storage portion and the heat capacity of the water is small, the rate of temperature rise from the start of use to the supply of hot water of an appropriate temperature is fast, and the response when the user wants to change the hot water temperature is good. Become.

Further, as a method of forming the meandering water channel 9 on both sides of the flat heating means (ceramic heater 2), there is a method of providing an uneven structure close to the flat ceramic heater 2 on the inner surface of the tank 4. In the case of the present invention, since the projections 3 are provided integrally with the heater, the projections 3 serve as radiation fins to increase the heat transfer area, thereby lowering the heat exchange temperature and being extremely safe. There is. Also, forming projections on the surface of the flat heating means results in a simple mold structure and is easy to manufacture.

In the present embodiment, a flat ceramic heater is used as the flat heating means. However, various applications such as a sheath heater and a mica heater can be considered.

(Embodiment 2) FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water heater according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 denote corresponding components, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted. I do. In the figure, a projection 3 made of a ceramic material is provided with a glass adhesive 12 on both surfaces of a ceramic plate 11 of the ceramic heater 2.
And a meandering water passage 9 is formed between the tank and the inner surface of the tank 4.

With the above configuration, when power is supplied from the power supply line 7 of the ceramic heater 2, the heat generated by the heating element 10 is transmitted to the water flowing through the meandering channel 9 via the ceramic plate 11 and the projection 3, Is heated for a short time in the hot water device 1 and flows out of the tap 6 continuously.

Since the projections 3 made of ceramic material can be fixed to the ceramic heater 2 in a later step as a solid after sintering, the production becomes extremely easy.

(Embodiment 3) FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water heater according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. Elements having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 are corresponding components, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. In the figure, a metallized layer 13 is provided on both surfaces of a ceramic heater 2 by metallizing, and a projection 3 made of stainless steel is brazed to the metallized layer 13 by using a silver solder 14 so as to be in contact with the inner surface of the tank 4. Meandering waterway 9
Is configured.

With the above configuration, when power is supplied from the power supply line 7 of the ceramic heater 2, heat generated by the heating element 10 is transmitted to the water flowing through the meandering channel 9 via the ceramic plate 11 and the projection 3, Is heated for a short time in the hot water device 1 and flows out of the tap 6 continuously.

Since the projections 3 are made of metal, they have good heat conduction, improve the heat exchange ability with water, and can be bonded by brazing or the like, so that the productivity is extremely high.

[0039]

As is clear from the above description, the hot water apparatus of the present invention has the following effects.

That is, as a first configuration, a projection provided integrally on both sides of the flat plate heating means, a tank accommodating the flat plate heating means and the projection, and a tank provided on the tank are provided. Comprising a water inlet and a water outlet, forming a meandering water channel having the projection as a partition wall between the inner surface of the tank and the flat heating means, and connecting the water inlet and the water outlet with the meandering water channel. (1) Since the flow rate can be increased and the heat transfer coefficient can be increased by reducing the cross-sectional area of the meandering channel, the thermal efficiency can be improved, the load can be increased, and the compactness can be achieved.

(2) Since the projections are provided integrally with the flat heating means, the projections serve as radiation fins to increase the heat transfer area and further improve the heat transfer efficiency. Thereby, the temperature of the plate-shaped heating means when the heat transfer amount is the same can be lowered, and the safety is improved.

(3) Providing the projections on the surface of the flat heating means is simpler than the case where a meandering channel is formed by forming a concavo-convex structure on the inner surface of the tank.

In the second configuration, a flat plate-shaped heating means is provided with a ceramic heater formed by sandwiching a heating element that generates Joule heat by electric power between a pair of ceramic plates made of alumina or the like. Due to the waterproof insulation property and high thermal conductivity of the ceramic plate, a meandering water channel in which water directly contacts the heater can be formed, and the temperature rising rate and control responsiveness can be improved.

In the third configuration, the projection is made of a ceramic material such as alumina and bonded to a flat heating means by glass. (1) The projection serving as the partition wall of the meandering channel is made of a heat conductive material. By using a good ceramic material, the fin effect is increased and the heat transfer efficiency is increased.

(2) The sectional shape of the meandering water channel can be freely set. (3) Since the sintered ceramic can be bonded in a later process,
Easy to manufacture.

In the fourth configuration, since the projection is made of a ceramic material such as alumina and sintered integrally with the ceramic heater as the flat heating means, the flat heating means and the projection are integrated. Sintering, the heat conduction of the bonding portion is good and the heat transfer efficiency is further improved.

As a fifth configuration, since the projection and the flat heating means are bonded via a metallized layer, (1) the projection can be bonded by brazing, and manufacturing is easy. Also, heat conduction is good.

(2) A metal material can be used for the protruding portion, and the productivity is good.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a water heater according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the same hot water device.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same hot water device.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water heater according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a water heater according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional hot water device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot water apparatus 2 Ceramic heater (flat heating means) 3 Projection part 4 Tank 5 Water inlet 6 Outlet 9 Meandering channel 10 Heating element 12 Glass adhesive 13 Metallized layer

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Nobuo Ikeda 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Kadoma City, Osaka Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A flat heating means, projections provided on both sides of the flat heating means, a tank accommodating the flat heating means and the projection, a water inlet provided in the tank, Hot water comprising a tap hole, a meandering water channel having the projection as a partition wall between the inner surface of the tank and the plate-shaped heating means, and the inlet port and the tap port communicating with each other via the meandering water channel; apparatus. 2. The water heater according to claim 1, wherein the plate-shaped heating means is a ceramic heater formed by sandwiching a heating element that generates Joule heat by electric power between a pair of ceramic plates. 3. The hot water apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the projection is made of a ceramic material and is glass-bonded to the flat heating means. 4. The water heater according to claim 2, wherein the protrusion is made of a ceramic material and is sintered integrally with the flat heating means. 5. The water heater according to claim 2, wherein the projection and the flat heating means are bonded via a metallized layer.