JPH10103629A - Waste material gasification melting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate a possibility of staying in processing of waste material within a waste material thermo-decomposing melting furnace in which its furnace main body has a heating processing region for heating and processing loaded waste material with heat gas fed from within the furnace and a melting and processing region for melting the heated and processed waste material in their vertical orientation. SOLUTION: A dropping space F for dropping and supplying processed waste material within a heating and processing region D into a melting and processing region E is formed between the heating and processing region D and the melting and processing region E. As the heating and processing region D, heat gas flowed from below the furnace main body 1 may pass through waste material accumulated at the heating and processing section 6 formed by extending the top part of the furnace main body 1 in a lateral direction. It is also possible to arrange a dropping and supplying mechanism 4 for dropping and supplying the processed waste material into the furnace, and multi-stage annular shelves or projected shelves extended from an upper side wall section of the furnace main body 1 to its central region are provided and then the waste material can be dropped in sequence onto the lower annular shelves or projected shelves.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste gasification and melting furnace, and more particularly, to a drying zone in which charged waste is dried by hot gas from the furnace, and a drying zone in the drying zone. The present invention relates to a waste gasification and melting furnace in which a melting region for gasifying and melting waste after treatment is vertically arranged in a furnace body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a vertical melting furnace for collectively treating various wastes including municipal waste has been proposed as a waste gasification melting furnace. Generally, as shown in FIG. 7, such a vertical melting furnace generally comprises three drying zones A, a pyrolysis (gasification) zone B, and a combustion melting zone C in the furnace body 1 in order from the top. The waste material introduced from above the furnace body 1 is mainly dried in a drying zone A maintained at about 200 ° C. to 500 ° C., and is dried at about 500 ° C. to 900 ° C.
The organic matter contained in the waste after the drying treatment in the drying zone A is thermally decomposed (gasified) into flammable gas such as methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc. The gasification residue after the gasification treatment is melt-processed in a combustion melting zone maintained at about 1400 ° C. or higher, and the generated molten slag is configured to be discharged from a slag discharge section 11 provided in the furnace bottom 1b. I have.

[0003] In the waste gasification and melting furnace, in the combustion melting zone C formed at the furnace bottom 1b, the furnace top 1a is formed.
The flammable components contained in the pyrolysis residue of the waste input from the reactor rapidly combust and react with the oxygen and oxygen-enriched gas supplied from the tuyere 5 to generate high heat, and this heat causes combustion residues such as ash to be generated. It is melted and at the same time its heat is provided for pyrolysis in pyrolysis zone B and drying in the uppermost drying zone A.

In such a vertical melting furnace, generally,
The volume of the furnace bottom 1b is reduced in order to avoid the heat diffusion of the melting portion, and the furnace has a structure in which the furnace wall has an inclined portion whose cross-sectional area decreases near the furnace bottom 1b. On the other hand, in such a vertical melting furnace, the input waste gradually descends downward in the furnace, and the waste is dried and pyrolyzed while falling to the combustion melting zone C without stagnation at a specific location. It is premised that combustion and melting are performed.

[0005]

However, in the above conventional waste gasification and melting furnace, as shown in FIG. 7, the charged waste is divided into a drying zone A, a pyrolysis zone B, and a combustion melting zone. Since the strips C are configured to be sequentially processed while being continuously formed from top to bottom, they are continuously stacked from undried charging waste to pyrolysis residues, and are formed at the lower part of the furnace peripheral wall. There is a problem that the weight of the stacked wastes and the like tends to be condensed at the inclined portion of the lower stagnation, so that a bridge of the wastes is easily formed. That is, the waste falls to the inclined portion, where the pyrolysis or combustion is not sufficiently promoted. If the volume of the waste is not sufficiently reduced by the pyrolysis or combustion, a bridge is easily formed. If a bridge is formed here, the supply of waste or its pyrolysis residue below it will be cut off, impeding the integrated operation of drying, pyrolysis, combustion and melting of the combustion residue in the furnace. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent the formation of bridges, because it hinders stable combustion and melting treatment.

[0006] Therefore, the waste gasification and melting furnace of the present invention comprises:
The purpose is to solve the above problems and continuously dry, thermally decompose and burn the waste in the furnace, melt the combustion residue without stagnation, and eliminate the possibility of stagnation of waste treatment. And

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems [First characteristic constitution] A first characteristic constitution of the waste gasification and melting furnace of the present invention for the above purpose is as described in claim 1.
A horizontally moving drying region and the vertical gasification and melting region are connected so that the waste continuously moves, and formed so that the treated waste in the drying region is supplied to the gasification and melting region by its own weight. It is in the point that has been.

[Effects of the First Characteristic Configuration] According to the above-mentioned first characteristic configuration, an area in which a bridge of waste after treatment is generated in the furnace below the drying area can be almost eliminated. That is, in the case of the vertical furnace, the shorter the height of the packed bed of dust in the furnace (the sum of the respective areas = A + B + C in the case of FIG. 7 and the distance of B + C in the case of FIG. 1), the lower the inside of the furnace. It has been empirically found that shelving (bridge) of garbage is unlikely to occur. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce the filling height of dust in the vertical furnace. However, since ordinary dust has a high water content, it is necessary to maintain a dry area, so that the height of the dust-filled layer in the furnace is increased, for example, about 4 m is required. Excluding the drying area of 1.5 to 2 m, the filling height of the garbage required for the vertical furnace is about 2.5 to 2 m, which is a height that does not easily cause hanging (bridge) in the furnace. . Therefore, it is not necessary to thicken the layer of the post-treatment waste that is sequentially supplied after the drying treatment, so that there is no possibility of the formation of a bridge in the melting treatment region.

[Second characteristic configuration] According to a second characteristic configuration of the waste gasification and melting furnace of the present invention for the above-mentioned purpose, the drying region in the first characteristic configuration is formed by a furnace. Waste is deposited on a drying section formed by extending to the side of the top of the main body, so that hot gas from below the vertical furnace main body passes through the loaded waste, and drying treatment is performed. The supply mechanism is provided by a pusher or a screw conveyor for supplying the treated waste into the furnace.

[Effects of the second characteristic configuration] According to the second characteristic configuration, drying can be easily performed with certainty, and the post-treatment waste is transferred from the horizontal drying area to the next vertical reaction section (B in FIG. 1).
When moving to + C), the dust is once loosened and supplied to the gasification melting area by its own weight. In other words, waste is deposited in the drying section, and the hot gas from below the furnace body passes through the deposited waste, so that the loaded waste can be dried. The post-waste can be sent from the drying section into the furnace. Therefore, the waste charged in the drying area is forcibly sent to the vertical reaction section by a pusher or the like, so that stagnation can be prevented, and furthermore, the processed waste is supplied to the lower gasification and melting area by its own weight. So
There is no danger of post-treatment waste stagnation. As a result, the effect of the first characteristic configuration is further ensured.

[Third characteristic configuration] According to a third characteristic configuration of the waste gasification / melting furnace of the present invention for the above-mentioned purpose, the drying region in the first characteristic configuration is formed by a furnace. Forming a multi-stage annular shelf projecting toward the center from the upper side wall portion of the main body, forming a waste drop outlet in which each annular shelf has a circumferentially different position between vertically adjacent shelves, Providing a circumferential transport body that rotates on each annular shelf,
In the lower shelf immediately adjacent to the outer peripheral direction in a certain shelf, the waste accumulated on the annular shelf is subjected to a drying process while sequentially dropping and depositing on the lower annular shelf while moving on the shelf alternately in the center direction, The point is that the post-treatment waste is dropped from the lowermost annular shelf to the gasification and melting treatment area.

[Effects of the third feature configuration] According to the third feature configuration, similarly to the second feature configuration, the post-treatment waste is reliably gasified and melted without stagnation on the way from the drying area. The area is fed drop. In other words, since the annular shelves are formed in multiple stages, the amount of waste deposited on each annular shelf can be adjusted, so that the amount of post-treatment waste dropped and supplied from the lowermost annular shelf to the gasification and melting region is also reduced. , Can be adjusted. Therefore, there is no possibility that the post-treatment waste stays in the falling space (bridges are formed). In addition, each annular shelf is formed with a waste drop outlet that is different in position in the circumferential direction between vertically adjacent shelves, so that it passes through the annular shelf immediately below and is being processed into a further annular shelf. Waste will not be supplied
A sufficient drying treatment can be performed. In addition, since each of the annular shelves is provided with a circumferential conveying member that rotates on each of the annular shelves, the waste that is supplied by being dropped and accumulated is dried on each of the annular shelves, and the waste falling port is successively removed. Can be supplied to the annular shelf directly below. Incidentally, if the circumferential transport body is formed with a gap, for example, in a rake shape,
It is also possible to stir while transporting the waste in the circumferential direction, so that the effect of the drying treatment can be further enhanced. As a result, the effect in the first feature configuration is further ensured, as in the second feature configuration.

[Fourth characteristic configuration] According to a fourth characteristic configuration of the waste gasification and melting furnace of the present invention for the above-mentioned purpose, as defined in claim 4, the drying zone in the first characteristic configuration is formed by a furnace. Overhanging shelves with different positions and heights in the circumferential direction are provided on the upper side wall of the main body, and push-out mechanisms are provided for pushing out the loaded waste toward the tip (the other end) of the overhanging shelf. Thus, a drying process is performed while sequentially dropping and depositing the waste on the lower overhanging shelf.

[Effects of the fourth characteristic configuration] According to the fourth characteristic configuration, similarly to the second characteristic configuration, the post-treatment waste is reliably melt-processed without stagnation on the way from the heat treatment area. The area is fed drop. In other words, while sequentially loading the waste on the uppermost overhanging shelf, by pushing out toward the tip of the overhanging shelf by an extrusion mechanism provided on the overhanging shelf,
The waste being processed can be dropped and supplied to the overhanging shelf located below the tip to deposit the waste. If the overhanging shelves are arranged so that the lower overhanging shelves receive the waste pushed out from the top of the upper overhanging shelves, the overhanging shelves are continuously turned into waste. Drying can be performed. Since the waste after the drying process is pushed out from each overhanging shelf by the pushing mechanism, there is no possibility that the waste will stagnate on the way. As a result, the effect in the first feature configuration is further ensured, as in the second feature configuration.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the waste drying and melting furnace of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In addition, regarding the same configuration as the conventional waste gasification / melting furnace described in the above-mentioned conventional technology, the same reference numerals are given to the elements having the same functions, and the following description is omitted.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show longitudinal sectional views of a waste gasification and melting furnace which is an example of the second characteristic structure of the present invention. The illustrated waste gasification and melting furnace is disposed on a furnace top 1a in the furnace main body 1, and is configured to dry the charged waste by a hot gas from the furnace, and to perform drying in the drying area D. A gasification and melting treatment area E for gasifying and melting the treated waste is disposed above and below, and between the drying area D and the gasification and melting treatment area E, the post-treatment waste in the drying area D Space F to supply the gas into the gasification and melting treatment area E
Are formed in the furnace main body 1.

The drying area D as an example is a furnace body 1
Is provided with a waste receiving / supplying mechanism 2 at the extension end side of the drying section 6, which is formed by extending the furnace top 1a to the side. The product gas discharge unit 12 is formed on the ceiling wall at the position (1), and an exhaust passage for guiding the product gas to the downstream side is connected to the product gas discharge unit 12. And the waste receiving and supplying mechanism 2
Is constituted by a receiving hopper 3 for receiving the waste and a pusher 4A as a charging mechanism also serving as the supply mechanism 4.

The gasification and melting treatment area E is a furnace bottom 1b.
It is formed by a combustion melting part C formed in the vicinity, and a gasification part B in which post-processing waste dropped and supplied from above is deposited and undecomposed components in the post-processing waste are thermally decomposed. Note that the boundary between each of the gasification section and the combustion melting section is not clearly formed, and the heat generated in the combustion melting section causes the melting of the combustion residue and the undecomposed portion in the gasification section. Gasification proceeds. The combustion residue is melted in the combustion melting section to form a liquid slag, which is dropped and discharged from the slag discharge section 11. Both gasification and melting are endothermic processes, but the necessary heat is replenished by the heat generated by the combustion of the gasification residue, and as described below, there is no shortage of heat supply, and the undecomposed Gasification and melting of the combustion residue proceed smoothly.

The waste charged by the pusher 4A is deposited in the drying section 6, and the high-temperature gas from the gasification and melting treatment area E below the furnace main body 1 flows through the charged waste. The charge waste that passes and accumulates is dried. The gas after the drying process passes through the exhaust unit 12,
It is discharged from the furnace.

The waste charged by the pusher 4A is dried and reduced in volume, and the treated waste is dropped and supplied into the furnace in an amount corresponding to the amount of waste pushed into the pusher 4A. . The post-treatment waste is dropped and supplied to the melting area D via a falling space F (F may be omitted).
Since the gas is not supplied in such a large amount as to form a bridge in the falling space F, neither the lower gasification / melting region D nor the thickness of the treatment layer becomes as large as 2 to 2.5 m. Since the waste is supplied after the treatment, the gasification of the undecomposed portion, the burning of the gasification residue, and the melting of the combustion residue proceed smoothly, and there is no possibility of causing a treatment stagnation (bridge) here. . Therefore, with the above configuration, the generation of the bridge in the furnace of the waste can be prevented.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. <1> In the above embodiment, the furnace top 1 of the furnace body 1
The drying processing section 6 formed by extending the side a has a waste receiving / supplying mechanism 2 having a pusher 4A as a supplying mechanism on the extending end side thereof. The formed gas discharge part 12 is formed on the ceiling wall at the position of
An exhaust passage for guiding the generated gas to the downstream side is connected to the generated gas discharging section 1.
2, the pusher 4A is configured as the drop supply mechanism 4. However, the drying processing unit 6 is provided with a stoker mechanism, and the stoker mechanism functions as the drop supply mechanism 4. High-temperature gas may be supplied from below the stoker mechanism to pass through the waste layer.

<2> In the above embodiment, an example was shown in which the drying section 6 was formed in the shape of a rectangular tube, but the cross section of the drying section 6 may have another shape. For example, it may have a semicircular cross section in which the lower surface is flat.

<3> In the above-described embodiment, the drying area D is provided with the waste receiving / supplying mechanism 2 in the drying processing section 6 formed on the furnace top 1a of the furnace main body 1; The example in which the generated gas discharge unit 12 is formed on the ceiling wall of the drying processing unit 6 at the position nearest to the supply mechanism 2 has been described, but as shown in FIG. Multi-stage annular shelves 7 projecting from the upper side wall 1c of the furnace body 1 toward the center are formed, and each annular shelf 7 has a waste falling port 7a at a position between vertically adjacent shelves and in a radial and center direction. And a rotating carrier 9 that rotates on each of the annular shelves 7 is provided. The drying process is performed while rotating and moving the wastes deposited on the annular shelves 7 to sequentially drop and accumulate them on the lower annular shelf 7. After processing from the lowermost annular shelf 7 to the gasification melting area E May be each other configured such dropping the wastes (corresponding to the third characterizing feature). In FIG. 3, a plurality of rod-shaped members 9a projecting around a rotating shaft are arranged as the rotary transport member 9 so as to rotate along the upper surface of each of the annular shelves 7, and the rod-shaped members 9a Downward, a plurality of small-width plate-shaped conveying members 9b whose lower ends rotate close to the upper surface of the annular shelf 7 are spaced apart, and the upper end is the rod-shaped body 9b.
An example is shown in which a rake-like body 9A formed by attaching to a is used.

<4> Instead of the configuration shown in the above <3> and FIG. 3, as shown in FIG. 4, the region D is formed so that the upper side wall portion 1c of the furnace body 1 is opposed to the upper side wall portion 1c. 1c
In addition, overhanging shelves 8 arranged alternately in the height direction are provided, and pushers 10A are respectively provided as extruding mechanisms 10 for pushing out the loaded waste toward the front end of the overhanging shelves 8, and the downwardly extending tensions are sequentially provided. A configuration may be adopted in which the waste is dropped and deposited on the shelf 8 to perform a drying process (corresponding to the fourth characteristic configuration). The pusher 10 provided on the overhanging shelf 8 at the uppermost stage
A also serves as a pusher as a supply mechanism of the waste receiving / supplying mechanism. The generated gas is sent out from a generated gas discharge section 12 formed on the furnace top 1a to an exhaust passage.

<5> As shown in FIG. 5, the overhanging shelf 8 shown in the above <4> is formed by
If a plurality of notches are formed so as to gradually narrow toward c, and as a high-temperature gas rising path, the high-temperature gas can easily pass through the deposited waste, so that the waste is dried. The notch can be used efficiently and the overhanging shelf 8
Is gradually widened toward the front end of the overhanging shelf 8, the waste can be easily extruded when pushing out the processed waste toward the front end of the overhanging shelf 8 by the pusher 10 </ b> A. That is, it is possible to prevent the waste from being caught between the notches and becoming difficult to be pushed out. In the figure, (a) shows an example in which a floor protruding into the notch is formed, and (b) shows an example in which only the notch is formed.

<6> In the above <5>, an example is shown in which the overhanging shelves 8 alternately arranged in the height direction are provided on the opposing upper side wall 1c. What is necessary is just to arrange | position at the upper side wall part 1c so that a position and height may differ in the circumferential direction, and what kind of arrangement | positioning will be sufficient if the waste is sequentially dropped and deposited on the lower overhanging shelf 8. It may be. Note that the furnace body 1 may be arranged so as to be sequentially shifted in the circumferential direction from the top to the bottom in the height direction, and the lower overhang is provided below the tip of the adjacent upper overhanging shelf 8. It suffices that the shelf 8 be present so that the waste pushed out from the tip of the upper overhanging shelf 8 falls on the lower overhanging shelf 8.

<7> In the above <4>, the furnace top 1a
Although the example in which the product gas is sent out from the product gas discharge unit 12 formed in the above is shown, the product gas discharge unit 12 is provided with the receiving hopper 3 of the waste receiving and supplying mechanism 2 as shown in FIG. It may be formed in the middle (at a position below the surface of the received waste layer). In this way, the generated gas, that is, the hot gas, passes through the waste layer in the receiving hopper 3, so that the drying process of the waste on the uppermost overhanging shelf 8 is further promoted.

<8> The above embodiment and <3>
In <4>, as shown in FIGS.
The example in which the bottom of the furnace is formed in a constriction is shown, but this is an example in which the present invention is effective, and the furnace shape has no specific meaning. The present invention has an effect on all vertical furnaces.

In the claims, reference numerals are provided for convenience of comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a waste gasification and melting furnace showing an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a waste gasification and melting furnace showing another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a waste gasification and melting furnace showing another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a waste gasification and melting furnace showing another example of the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main part of an overhang shelf of the waste gasification and melting furnace shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a waste gasification / melting furnace showing a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional waste gasification and melting furnace.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Furnace main body 1c Furnace main body upper side wall part 4 Supply mechanism 6 Drying processing part 7 Annular shelf 7a Annular shelf waste fall port 8 Overhang shelf 9 Circumferential conveyance body 10 Extrusion mechanism D Drying area E Melting area F Disposal after processing Space for falling objects

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Mitsuhiko Kamada 1-1-1, Hama, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo Pref.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A drying region (D) for drying a charged waste with hot gas from inside a furnace, and a gasification combustion melting treatment of the treated waste dried in the drying region (D). A waste gasification / melting furnace in which a gasification / melting zone (E) is disposed vertically in a furnace body (1), wherein the drying zone (D) is arranged substantially horizontally, and the gasification / melting zone ( E) is arranged as a vertical furnace and the drying zone (D)
The waste gasification / melting furnace connected so as to supply the post-treatment waste to the gasification / melting region (E) by its own weight. 2. Drying section (D) is formed by extending a top portion of the furnace body (1) to the side to form a drying section (6) filled with waste. The waste according to claim 1, further comprising a supply mechanism (4) for allowing hot gas from below the furnace body (1) to pass through the material and for supplying dried waste to the furnace. Gasification and melting furnace. 3. A multi-stage annular shelf (7) extending from the upper side wall (1c) of the furnace body (1) toward the center of the drying area (D), and each annular shelf (7) is formed. In addition, a waste falling port (7a) having a circumferentially different position between vertically adjacent shelves is formed, and each of the annular shelves (7) is formed.
A drying process is performed by providing a circumferential conveying body (9) rotating on the upper side and sequentially dropping and depositing wastes on the annular shelf (7) on the lower annular shelf (7) while moving the waste on the annular shelf (7) in the circumferential direction. The waste gasification and melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the post-treatment waste is dropped from the lowermost annular shelf (7) to the gasification and melting area (E). 4. An overhanging shelf (8) having different positions and heights in the circumferential direction is provided on the upper side wall portion (1c) of the furnace body (1) in the drying area (D). An extruding mechanism (10) is provided for extruding incoming waste toward the tip of the overhanging shelf (8), and a drying process is performed while the waste is dropped and deposited on the lower overhanging shelf (8). The waste gasification and melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the furnace is configured as follows.