JPH09295571A - Side thruster unit with automatic on-off cover for air cushioncraft - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dispense with any on-off driving mechanism by installing an automatic on-off cover in a tunnel of this side thruster unit in an air cushioncraft, making this on-off cover into a floating body structure, thereby utilizing the buoyancy and its own weight, and having the opening or closing of the on-off cover in time of both on and off cushions automatically carried out. SOLUTION: In a side thruster unit consisting of a tunnel 3 and a thruster 4 formed in a side wall of the hull 1 of an air cushioncraft, an on-off cover 5 rotatably supported on a horizontal fulcrum shaft 6 is installed in an end of the tunnel 3, and according to each position of the center of gravity and the center of buoyancy of the on-off cover 5, when an air cushion chamber 2 is in an on-cushion in an atmospheric state, the on-off cover 5 in a state of being submerged is automatically opened and engaged with a stopper 7, but when this cover 5 is in an on-cushion being exposed on the surface of water, it is automatically made into a closed state due to its own weight.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air cushion ship, and more particularly to a side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for a side wall type air cushion ship.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a side wall type air cushion ship is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 4, left and right side wall portions 1a and 1b of the hull 1,
An air cushion chamber 2 surrounded by a bow seal and a stern seal (not shown) is provided. In normal navigation, high pressure air is supplied to the air cushion chamber 2 by a compressed air supply means (not shown), and the hull resistance in a shallow draft state. However, as shown in FIG. 13, the air pressure in the air cushion chamber 2 is reduced to atmospheric pressure in the harbor, resulting in a deep draft state.

[0003]

By the way, in order to improve the maneuverability in the port, an air cushion ship is also provided with a side thruster device including a tunnel 3 and a thruster 4 on the side wall 1a of the hull as shown in FIG. However, in the cruising state, as shown in FIG. 14, the tunnel 3 is exposed above the water surface to cause leakage of high-pressure air in the air cushion chamber 2, resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the floating ability.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide an opening / closing lid on the tunnel 3, but in an air cushion ship, the space inside the ship is narrowed because the air cushion chamber 2 is formed. This will lead to a decrease.

According to the present invention, if an opening / closing lid is provided in a tunnel of a side thruster device in an air cushion ship, the opening / closing lid will be in a submerged state at the time of maneuvering in the port where the opening / closing lid is desired to be opened, and the port desired to be closed. Paying attention to the point that the lid is exposed above the water surface when cruising outside, so that the lid can be opened and closed automatically according to the submerged state and exposed state of the lid. , The following issues are the issues. (1) An opening / closing lid in the tunnel of the side cushion device for air cushion ships is provided so that it can rotate via a support shaft in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and it automatically rotates to the closed state when the cushion is on, and to the open state when the cushion is off. The drive mechanism for the opening / closing lid is not required. (2) Take measures to simplify the structure of the opening / closing lid. (3) When the opening / closing lid is opened, the rectifying action by the opening / closing lid is efficiently performed. (4) Ensure that the open / close lid is held in its open and closed positions. (5) The opening / closing lid in the tunnel of the side thruster device for air cushion ships is provided so as to be able to move up and down so that it automatically lowers to the closed state when the cushion is on and rises to the open state when the cushion is off. Eliminates the drive mechanism of the lid. (6) It is possible to mitigate that the lifting type opening / closing lid rapidly rises during an off cushion and causes an impact at the upper end of the storage chamber. (7) Ensure that the above-mentioned impact mitigation action is always performed properly.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to the present invention is submerged below the water surface in the off cushion state of the air cushion ship and is immersed in the water surface in the on cushion state. On the side wall of the hull exposed above, a tunnel penetrating in the lateral direction, a thruster mounted in the tunnel, a support shaft provided at the end of the tunnel in the longitudinal direction of the hull, and a support shaft. It is characterized in that it is provided rotatably and has an opening / closing lid of a floating structure in which the turning force by buoyancy is set to be larger than the turning force by its own weight.

In the above-mentioned side thruster device, when the air cushion chamber of the air cushion ship is in the high pressure on-cushion state, the opening / closing lid of the tunnel is exposed above the water surface and buoyancy does not occur, and the opening / closing lid is closed. It automatically shifts to the closed state in which the center of gravity is located below the spindle.

In the off-cushion state in which the air cushion chamber is set to the atmospheric pressure, the opening / closing lid is in a submerged state to generate buoyancy, and the turning force by the buoyancy is larger than the turning force by its own weight. The opening / closing lid is automatically opened.

Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, the opening / closing lid is formed as a single structure, and the height position of the support shaft rotatably supporting the opening / closing lid is at the level of the center line of the tunnel. Therefore, the structure of the opening / closing lid and its supporting mechanism is greatly simplified.

Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, the opening / closing lid may be provided in a plurality of steps in the vertical direction at the outer end portion of the tunnel opening to the outside of the ship, whereby the thrusters can be opened horizontally in the opening / closing lid. It is possible to fully rectify the rotating flow from the above and discharge it from the tunnel to the outside of the ship.

Further, the apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that a plurality of stoppers for maintaining the opening / closing lid in a closed state and an open state respectively are provided, whereby the position of the opening / closing lid to be automatically opened / closed. The holding will be performed accurately.

Further, another side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to the present invention is provided with a side wall portion which is immersed under the water surface in the off cushion state of the air cushion ship and is exposed on the water surface in the on cushion state. It has a tunnel that penetrates in the direction, a thruster installed in the tunnel, and a floating structure opening and closing lid that is installed at the end of the tunnel and can be moved up and down freely. A storage part that sometimes rises due to buoyancy and is stored, and a guide wall that guides the same when the opening / closing lid descends due to its own weight when exposed above the water surface to close the end opening of the tunnel,
It is characterized in that it is provided integrally with the hull portion at the end of the tunnel.

In the above side thruster device, when the air cushion chamber of the air cushion ship is in a high-pressure on-cushion state, the opening / closing lid of the tunnel is exposed above the water surface and buoyancy is not generated, and the opening / closing lid is While being guided by the guide wall from the storage chamber by its own weight, it descends and automatically shifts to a closed state in which the end opening of the tunnel is closed.

In the off-cushion state in which the air cushion chamber is at atmospheric pressure, the opening / closing lid is submerged to generate buoyancy, and the buoyancy raises the opening / closing lid while being guided by the guide wall. Then, since it enters the storage room, the end opening of the tunnel is automatically opened.

Further, the side thruster device of the present invention is
At the upper end of the storage part, a cushioning mechanism is provided to reduce the shock when the opening / closing lid is lifted up. When it goes up to enter the storage room, its action is smoothly performed.

A simple rubber block or the like may be used as the cushioning mechanism. However, if it is constructed as a spring-bearing receiving plate, the cushioning action at the upper end of the storage chamber may be aged when the opening / closing lid is raised. It will be more accurate without any change.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a state in which an opening / closing lid of a side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention is opened. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the hull shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the hull schematically showing the closed state of the open / close lid corresponding to FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an essential part of FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is an AA arrow view of FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 is a side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship as a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part, FIG. 7 is a view taken along the line BB of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 shows an opening / closing lid open state of a side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship as a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of the hull, and FIG. 9 corresponds to FIG. Hull cross-sectional view showing a chain-schematically, FIG. 10 is an enlarged sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 8, FIG. 11
9 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of FIG. 9, and FIG. 12 is a view taken along the line CC of FIG.

First, the first embodiment of the present invention will be described. An air cushion ship equipped with the present device is also shown in FIG.
2, the left and right side wall portions 1a and 1b of the hull 1,
An air cushion chamber 2 surrounded by a bow seal and a stern seal (not shown) is provided. Under normal navigation conditions, high pressure air is supplied to the air cushion chamber 2 by a compressed air supply means (not shown), and as shown in FIG. Although the ship's resistance is greatly reduced in the shallow draft on-cushion state, the air pressure in the air cushion chamber 2 is reduced to atmospheric pressure in the port as shown in FIG. It is supposed to do.

The present apparatus includes a tunnel 3 penetrating laterally in the hull side wall portion 1a which is immersed below the water surface in the off-cushion state of the air cushion ship and exposed above the water surface in the on-cushion state, and the tunnel 3 thereof. A side thruster device including a thruster 4 mounted inside is provided, and an opening / closing lid 5 having a floating structure is provided at an inner end portion of the tunnel 3.

The opening / closing lid 5 is located at the level of the center line of the tunnel 3 and has a horizontal support shaft 6 which is perpendicular to the center line of the tunnel 3 and a side wall 1a of the hull.
As shown in FIG. 2, when the tunnel 3 is exposed above the water surface during the on-cushion in which the air cushion chamber 2 is filled with high-pressure air to make the draft shallow, as shown in FIG. To be able to automatically shift to the closed state,
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the position of the center of gravity 9 when the opening / closing lid 5 is closed is set below the support shaft 6.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the air cushion chamber 2
When the tunnel 3 is submerged under the water at the time of off-cushion in which the interior is at atmospheric pressure and the draft is deep, the opening / closing lid 5 of the floating structure can be automatically rotated to a horizontal open state by buoyancy. As shown in FIG. 3, the position of the floating center 10 of the opening / closing lid 5 is also set on the side where the center of gravity 9 exists with respect to the support shaft 6. In this way, the turning force for opening the opening / closing lid 5 by buoyancy is set to be larger than the turning force for closing the opening / closing lid 5 by its own weight.

Further, in order to maintain the closed state and the open state of the opening / closing lid 5, stoppers 7, 8, 8a are provided as shown in FIGS.

In the above-mentioned side thruster device, when the air cushion chamber 2 of the air cushion ship is in the high pressure on-cushion state, the opening / closing lid 5 of the tunnel 3 is exposed above the water surface so that buoyancy does not occur, and the side thruster device is opened and closed. Since the lid 5 automatically shifts to a closed state in which the center of gravity 9 is below the support shaft 6, leakage of high-pressure air from the air cushion chamber 2 is immediately prevented, and the efficiency of the levitation capability is increased. .

When the air cushion chamber 2 is in the off-cushion state with the atmospheric pressure, the opening / closing lid 5 is submerged to generate buoyancy, and the positional relationship of the buoyant center 10 causes the opening / closing lid 5 to pivot. It will rotate about 6 and will be automatically opened.

Therefore, an opening / closing drive mechanism for the opening / closing lid 5 is not required, which eliminates the inconvenience of narrowing the narrow space of the air cushion ship, and contributes to a reduction in construction cost.

Further, when the stoppers 7, 8, 8a are provided, the position of the opening / closing lid 5 is accurately maintained, and especially when the opening / closing lid 5 is held horizontally by the stopper 7, the flow rectification for the flow in the tunnel 3 is performed. Expected to work.

It should be noted that the surface of the water at the mounting position of the opening / closing lid 5 may rise and fall significantly at the mounting position of the opening / closing lid 5 in the on-cushion wave and the like. is there. Then, the fluid pressure type closing and holding device 20b is operated to insert the stopper into the stopper recess 21 to hold the opening / closing lid in the closed state. Also,
At the time of off-cushion, when the side thruster is used, the open / close lid 5 is operated so that the open / close lid 5 does not close, and the stopper is inserted into the stopper recess 21 to open the open / close lid 5. Hold on.

Next, a side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, this embodiment is similar to the first embodiment described above. In the air-cushion ship of No. 3, the opening / closing lid 5 is provided in the vertical direction at the outer end of the tunnel 3 of the side thruster device that opens to the outside of the ship in three stages.
a, 5b, 5c are provided, and each opening / closing lid 5a, 5
b and 5c are rotatably supported by horizontal support shafts 6a, 6b and 6c, respectively.

Then, as in the case of the first embodiment described above, the positions of the centers of gravity 9a, 9b, 9c of the respective open / close lids 5a, 5b, 5c are set below the support shafts 6a, 6b, 6c in the closed state. The open / close lids 5a, 5b, 5c have floating centers 10a,
The positions of 10b and 10c are also set on the same side as the centers of gravity 9a, 9b and 9c with respect to the support shafts 6a, 6b and 6c.

In this embodiment, the upper and lower opening / closing lids 5a, 5c have gaps a, b, respectively, so as not to interfere with the inner wall of the opening of the tunnel 3 during opening / closing. Corresponding to the above, the opening / closing lid 5b at the middle stage has a protruding portion.

With the above-mentioned structure, also in the case of the second embodiment, the opening / closing lids 5a, 5b, 5c are automatically set so that the positions of the centers of gravity 9a, 9b, 9c are the supporting shafts 6a, 9c.
The closed state is located below 6b and 6c, and the leakage of high pressure air from the air cushion chamber 2 is immediately prevented.

When the cushion is off, each opening / closing lid 5 is used.
a, 5b, 5c are automatically opened depending on the position of the buoyancy centers 10a, 10b, 10c, and the side thruster device can be used immediately, and the rotary flow from the thruster is multistaged when the device is used. Horizontal open / close lids 5a, 5b, 5
It is also expected to have the effect of enhancing the marine vessel maneuvering performance by rectifying by c and discharging to the outside of the ship. When cruising in the on-cushion state, the opening at the outer end of the tunnel 3 opens and closes.
Since it is blocked by a, 5b and 5c, the appearance of the hull is also improved.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, an air cushion ship equipped with this device also has left and right side wall portions 1a and 1b of the hull 1.
And an air cushion chamber 2 surrounded by a bow seal and a stern seal (not shown). In a normal navigation state, high pressure air is supplied to the air cushion chamber 2 by a compressed air supply means (not shown), and is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the air pressure in the air cushion chamber 2 is reduced to the atmospheric pressure in the harbor to reduce the deep cushion off cushion. It is supposed to be in a state.

The present apparatus also has a tunnel 3 penetrating laterally in the hull side wall 1a which is immersed below the water surface in the off-cushion state of the air cushion ship and exposed above the water surface in the on-cushion state, and the tunnel 3 A side thruster device including a thruster 4 mounted inside is provided, and an opening / closing lid 15 having a floating structure is provided at an opening 18 at an inner end portion of the tunnel 3.

In the present apparatus, especially when the opening / closing lid 15 raises and stores due to buoyancy when it is submerged, the storage portion 17a and the opening / closing lid 15 descends by its own weight when exposed to the water surface and the end portion of the tunnel 3. A guide wall 17b for guiding closing of the opening 18 is provided integrally with the hull portion at the end of the tunnel 3.
Then, on the upper end portion of the storage portion 17a, a receiving plate 19 with a spring 19b is provided as a cushioning mechanism 19 for absorbing a shock when the opening / closing lid 15 is raised.
a is provided.

In the above-mentioned side thruster device, when the air cushion chamber 2 of the air cushion ship is in a high-pressure on-cushion state, the opening / closing lid 15 of the tunnel 3 is exposed above the water surface so that buoyancy does not occur, and the opening / closing is performed. Since the lid 15 automatically moves downward while being guided by the guide wall 17b by its own weight, leakage of the high-pressure air from the air cushion chamber 2 is immediately prevented, and the efficiency of the levitation capability is increased.

When the air cushion chamber 2 is in the off-cushion state where the atmospheric pressure is applied, the opening / closing lid 5 is submerged to generate buoyancy, and the buoyancy causes the opening / closing lid 15 to rise to the storage chamber 17a. As it is stored, it will be automatically opened.

Therefore, also in the case of this device, the opening / closing drive mechanism of the opening / closing lid 15 is not required, and there is no inconvenience of further narrowing the narrow space of the air cushion ship.
It can also contribute to the reduction of construction cost.

Further, in the present device, the shock absorbing mechanism 19 cushions the opening / closing lid 15 at the upper end of the storage portion 17a when it rises, so that the opening / closing lid 15 has its buoyancy when the cushion is off. When it rapidly rises and enters the storage chamber 17a, its action is smoothly performed.

A simple rubber block or the like may be used as the cushioning mechanism 19. However, if it is composed of the receiving plate 19a with the spring 19b, the cushioning action will be performed more accurately without aging. become.

It should be noted that it is a problem that the opening / closing lid 15 automatically opens and closes when the water level at the mounting position of the opening / closing lid 15 rises and falls significantly at the mounting position of the opening / closing lid 15 in the on-cushion wave and the like. Then, the stopper is inserted into the stopper recess 21 and the open / close lid is held in the closed state. When the side cushion is used, the open state holding device 20a is operated to insert the stopper into the stopper recess 21 so that the open / close lid 15 does not close when the side thruster is used. Hold on.

[0042]

As described in detail above, according to the side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. (1) The opening / closing lid of the floating structure provided at the end of the tunnel of the side thruster device automatically shifts from the closed state to the open state when the cushion is off, and when the cushion is on the center of gravity is changed. Since it automatically shifts to the open state, the on-cushion and off-cushion of the air cushion ship can be smoothly switched, the efficiency of the levitation ability is maintained high during the on-cushion, and the function as a side thruster during the off-cushion. Will be exhibited without any problems. Then, the opening / closing drive mechanism of the opening / closing lid is not required, and the narrow space inside the air cushion ship can be effectively used and the construction cost can be reduced. (2) If the opening / closing lid is formed as a single structure and the pivot for its rotation is set at the level of the center line of the tunnel, the overall structure is greatly simplified and the cost is reduced. Down is brought. (3) If the opening / closing lids are provided in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction at the outer end of the tunnel, the rotating flow from the thrusters is sufficiently rectified with the opening / closing lids horizontally opened during off-cushioning. In addition to enhancing the performance as a side thruster, the outer end of the tunnel is closed by the opening / closing lid when cruising in the on-cushion state, so that the appearance of the hull is improved. (4) If a stopper that can maintain the open / close lid in the open state and the closed state is provided, the position of the open / close lid can be accurately maintained, and the open / close lid is held in the horizontal open state when the cushion is off. Then, it is expected that the flow in the tunnel is rectified by the opening / closing lid when the thruster is operated. (5) Even when a floating structure opening / closing lid that can be raised and lowered freely is provided, the opening / closing of the tunnel end opening of the side thruster device is driven according to the off-cushion state and on-cushion state of the air cushion ship. It does not require a mechanism, and when it is opened, the opening and closing lid rises due to buoyancy and is safely stored as it is in the storage room.When it is closed, the opening and closing lid is guided by the guide wall and smoothly. Will be able to descend. (6) If a cushioning mechanism is provided at the upper end of the storage chamber, even when the opening / closing lid rapidly rises during off-cushioning, the impact at the upper end of the storage chamber of the opening / closing lid is mitigated and its opening action is reduced. It will be done safely. (7) If the buffer mechanism is configured as a spring-loaded receiving plate,
Without the secular change like in the case of rubber block,
The cushioning action at the time of rapid rise of the opening / closing lid is always performed properly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a hull schematically showing an open / close lid of a side thruster device with an automatic lid for an air cushion ship according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the hull schematically showing a closed state of the open / close lid corresponding to FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of a main part of FIG.

5 is a view on arrow AA of FIG. 4. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing a main part of a side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view taken in the direction of arrows BB in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a hull schematically showing an open / close lid of a side thruster device with an automatic lid for an air cushion ship according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the hull schematically showing a closed state of the open / close lid corresponding to FIG.

10 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged main part of FIG.

11 is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged main part of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a view taken in the direction of the arrows CC in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of a hull showing an off-cushion state of a conventional air cushion ship.

14 is a cross-sectional view of the hull showing the on-cushion state of the air cushion ship of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Hull 1a, 1b Hull side wall 2 Air cushion chamber 3 Tunnel 4 Thruster 5,5a, 5b, 5c Open / close lid 6,6a, 6b, 6c Spindle 7,8,8a Stopper 9,9a, 9b, 9c Center of gravity 10, 10a, 10b, 10c Floating center 15 Opening / closing lid 17a Storage chamber 17b Guide wall 18 Opening 19 Buffer mechanism 19a Support plate 19b Spring 20a Open state holding device 20b Closed holding device 21 Stopper recess

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A tunnel penetrating laterally, a thruster mounted in the tunnel, on a side wall portion of the hull of the air-cushion ship that is immersed under the water surface in the off-cushion state and is exposed on the water surface in the on-cushion state. A support shaft provided in the longitudinal direction of the hull at the end of the tunnel, and an opening / closing lid of a floating structure which is rotatably provided on the support shaft and in which the turning force by buoyancy is set to be larger than the turning force by its own weight. A side thruster device with an automatic lid for an air cushion ship. 2. The side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing lid is formed as a single structure, and the support shaft rotatably supports the opening / closing lid. A side thruster device with an automatic lid for an air cushion ship, characterized in that the height position of the is set to the level of the center line of the tunnel. 3. The side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to claim 1, wherein the opening / closing lid is provided in a plurality of vertical steps at an outer end portion of the tunnel opening to the outside of the vessel. A side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for air cushion ships. 4. The side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of stoppers are provided to maintain the opening / closing lid in a closed state and an open state, respectively. The side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for air cushion ships. 5. A tunnel penetrating laterally, a thruster mounted in the tunnel, on a side wall of the hull of the air-cushion ship that is immersed under the water surface in the off-cushion state and exposed on the water surface in the on-cushion state. The opening / closing lid of the floating structure is provided at the end of the tunnel and is arranged so as to be able to move up and down freely. The opening / closing lid raises and stores due to buoyancy when submerged, and the opening / closing lid. A guide wall for guiding the closing of the end opening of the tunnel by its own weight when exposed above the water surface, and a guide wall provided integrally with the hull portion at the end of the tunnel. Side thruster device with automatic opening / closing lid for cushion ships. 6. The side thruster device with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to claim 5, wherein a shock absorbing mechanism is provided at an upper end portion of the storage portion to absorb a shock when the opening / closing lid is raised. A side thruster device with an automatic lid for an air cushion ship. 7. The side thruster with an automatic opening / closing lid for an air cushion ship according to claim 6, wherein the buffer mechanism is configured as a receiving plate with a spring. apparatus.